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Objectives: Computerised neuropsychological assessments (CNAs) are proposed as an alternative method of assessing cognition to traditional pencil-and-paper assessment (PnPA), which are considered the "gold standard" for diagnosing dementia. However, limited research has been conducted with culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD) individuals. This study investigated the suitability of PnPAs and CNAs for measuring cognitive performance in a heterogenous sample of older, Australian CALD English-speakers compared to a native English-speaking background (ESB) sample. Methods: Participants were 1037 community-dwelling individuals aged 70–90 years without a dementia diagnosis from the Sydney Memory and Ageing Study (873 ESB, 164 CALD). Differences in the level and pattern of cognitive performance in the CALD group were compared to the ESB group on a newly developed CNA and a comprehensive PnPA in English, controlling for covariates. Multiple hierarchical regression was used to identify the extent to which linguistic and acculturation variables explained performance variance. Results: CALD participants' performance was consistently poorer than ESB participants on both PnPA and CNA, and more so on PnPA than CNA, controlling for socio-demographic and health factors. Linguistic and acculturation variables together explained approximately 20% and 25% of CALD performance on PnPA and CNA respectively, above demographics and self-reported computer use. Conclusions: Performances of CALD and ESB groups differed more on PnPAs than CNAs, but caution is needed in concluding that CNAs are more culturally-appropriate for assessing cognitive decline in older CALD individuals. Our findings extend current literature by confirming the influence of linguistic and acculturation variables on cognitive assessment outcomes for older CALD Australians. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Keywords: Acculturation; aged; cognition; computer; cross-cultural comparison; dementia; ethnic groups; linguistics EN Acculturation aged cognition computer cross-cultural comparison dementia ethnic groups linguistics 1105 1105 1 10/27/22 20221101 NES 221101 In the original version of this article there was an error in B Supplemental Materials b Tables S1-S6 and in the seventh and eighth paragraph of the B Results b . Acculturation, aged, cognition, computer, cross-cultural comparison, dementia, ethnic groups, linguistics The seventh and eight paragraphs of the " B Results b " section, " B Explanatory variables for CALD performance on PnPA and CNA b " reflected the error in Tables S3, S5, and S6. [Extracted from the article]

Big data technology has undoubtedly accelerated the efficiency of data processing, made data become an important reference basis in enterprise operation, and changed the mode of enterprise operation as well as the existing business model. With the development of computer technology and related equipment, more and more enterprises and organizations can begin to use big data processing technology. However, many small and medium-sized enterprises, because they cannot afford the high cost of research and development and leasing, are gradually eliminated in the information-based business competition, so it is necessary to adopt certain strategies to help small and medium-sized enterprises out of this crisis. For fragmented big data obtained from different data sources, this paper adopts load-balancing technology to provide horizontal service cluster scalability and designs a separate system module for routine testing. The experimental results show that the improved big data processing system based on genetic algorithm in this paper can better meet the business needs of small and medium-sized enterprises and meet the application needs of small and medium-sized enterprises. The simulation results also show the advantages of the system in this paper, which is faster, higher accuracy, less energy consumption, lower requirements for equipment, and more suitable for small and medium-sized enterprises. This paper designs a kind of effective big data processing system by studying genetic algorithm and computer technology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The demand for higher and tertiary education in Africa is now high, and as a result, public institutions are enrolling many students, a phenomenon now called massification (Pillay, 2020; Noui, 2020). The term massification is defined as the increase in the enrollment of students without a proportionate boost in resources (Adetiba, 2019; Mohamedbhai, 2016). Zimbabwean universities are enrolling many students to fund operations since government funding has dwindled (Garwe, 2016; Madzimure, 2016). The provision of quality education is becoming a challenge due to the high lecturer-student ratio, especially on courses that are highly practical in nature (Adetiba, 2019). There is a lack of proper management and engagement of students in very large classes, and as a result, students resort to memorizing content learned instead of engaging in critical thinking (Madzimure, 2016; Lee, 2016). Literature points out that if students develop self-regulated learning strategies, they will overcome challenges brought by massification. The purpose of this paper was to develop and evaluate the impact of a multimedia teaching tool in assisting students to develop selfregulated learning strategies so that they improve their performance while learning computer programming in a large class setup. Purposive sampling was used in this study, and the researcher adhered to design science research methodology.Students enrolled in introduction to computer programming used the multimediaClearn teaching tool that was developed hencepurposive sampling was used in this study.One class (BITH131) was the control group and students enrolled in BSIT 131 were the experimental group. Results obtained indicated that students who used the Clearn teaching tool performed better in a programming test as compared to students in the control group. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The basis of this paper is the Decision on the adoption of the Informatics curriculum for primary schools and gymnasia in the Republic of Croatia and, in particular, its stipulation that health is one of the fundamental values in the educational process. In a broad sense, healthcare and health education involves the understanding of the role of environmental factors, the understanding of health as a prerequisite, a foundation, and an indicator of sustainable development of society as a whole, as well as the understanding and adopting healthy habits, while avoiding the harmful ones. The purpose and the goal is to motivate the adoption of healthy lifestyle and responsible behavior and to provide the necessary knowledge and support. The emphasis is put on the importance of proper lifelong healthcare, on the preservation and improvement of health, on prevention of disease and their consequences, disability, and premature death. It is particularly important to include the content on occupational health and safety into the school course curricula. According to the aforementioned Decision taken in 2018, the pupils in primary schools in grades 1 to 4 will have the possibility to choose Informatics as an optional course from the school year 2020/21 onwards. The first part of the paper presents an excerpt from the Decision, as well as the excerpt from the Informatics curriculum for primary schools and gymnasia as the subject of the said Decision. Both excerpts cover the aspect of preservation and protection of health during work on a computer through adoption of basic terminology, rights and obligations, and the rules of kinesiology that refer to movement, sitting and posture. The second part of the paper presents the analysis of the content of textbooks used for the course informatics in grades 1 to 4 in elementary schools, in particular the parts that help the pupils understand and apply the safety recommendations that were given to preserve and protect health during work on a computer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Humans have the ability to quickly identify their own environment, understand, judge and analyze it, which is one of the important reasons why human beings can survive in nature for a long time and gradually develop it into a prosperous society today. The key to human's ability to perceive and understand the environment lies in the ability to accurately find and identify objects, understand and describe visual scenes, and even express emotions on this basis. And if computers can realize automatic and accurate image recognition, and even understand the semantics of images correctly, it will surely improve and facilitate human life. Based on this, the author integrated and optimized the computer image recognition system and applied it in this paper. The core technology of the system is to improve the image algorithm, which can complete the training, testing and classification of target images. The experimental data are available. Choosing this algorithm to improve the learning and training of the data generated by the original image processing is more effective than directly training the original image. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Digital image technology is penetrating into various fields of people's life, and it has been very mature and can effectively store and transmit data. Moreover, there are still various researches on image recognition, the core of this technology. The algorithm is mainly based on computer technology to obtain the target image for different scene categories, thus completely replacing the traditional classification form. Because of the limitations of traditional identification technology, there are some problems in the actual use. It does not depend on the prior knowledge requirements and can carry out complex feature space division. In this paper, an image recognition computer system is established by introducing an improved neural network algorithm. The algorithm is designed and tested, and the results show it has lower image recognition error rate. Subsequently, this research result is applied to the actual scene for testing. The test results show that the improved neural network optimization algorithm can make the extracted features more accurately expressed in the image processing, which is more effective than the traditional algorithm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hypertext refers to the electronic links of texts. In the traditional texts, readers have to follow the linearity, and fixity of the book they are reading. Now computers give them a chance to escape this sort of restriction. Computer is a medium for the creation and the reading of texts. Hypertext or digital text, as we know, takes the form of a series of links. These links are adaptable, flexible, and interactive. They question the unity of the text, and the roles of both the reader and the author. Hence, hypertext requires redefining the concepts of author, reader, text, and structure--concepts of great importance to postmodernists. In addition, hypertext consists of fragments, pastiches, different styles and genres. It ignores boundaries, and addresses the mass. In brief, hypertext develops and brings to live many postmodern concepts such as decentering, intertextuality, writerly text and rejection of linearity and fixity of linear narrative. My paper is about hypertext in the light of postmodern theory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study introduces a computer modeling approach for mining vehicle fleet monitoring. Computer modeling helps to reduce prototyping costs and lower the risks of initial launch failure by analyzing and configuring the prototype in order to test various options and find the most fitting ones. We show in the first part of the study that using a computer modeling method, it is possible to test numerous combinations of metrics acquired during vehicle monitoring in the simulation rather than adding equipment to vehicles during prototyping Usage of real hardware during the prototype phase adds downtime to the vehicle fleet and reduces productivity. Along with those drawbacks, it also introduces the possibility of additional costs if the configuration needs to be changed later. By leveraging modern time-series data storage solutions, we present an easier approach to analyze real-world data retrieved using a simulation as a proxy. In the second part of the paper, we then propose a workflow of integrating SUMO with a time-series storage database through an Application Programming Interface (API) called TraCI, allowing for aggregation of vehicle fleet data over time and visualizing that data on the dashboard. At the end of the paper, we show a measuring methodology and provide a viable solution for the efficient transfer of telemetry data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The use of advance computer-based technology is becoming necessary to address the growing complexity of human problems and enhance effective communication. The recent pandemic COVID-19 not only induces many morbidities and mortalities but also intensifies mental health problem worldwide. Due to the increasing benefits of virtual reality (VR) in addressing medical condition, it is believed that VR can be used as a diagnostic tool to assess numerous medical conditions and psychiatric disorders. To date, there is still scarce evidence of VR as a diagnostic tool to assess obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD). In this study, we had conducted a systematic review to investigate the use of VR as a diagnostic tool for OCD and assess its benefits and weaknesses in comparison to computer-assisted tools. Comprehensive searches of electronic databases including PubMed and Google Scholar were undertaken to discover peer review evidence of computer-based simulation tasks in detecting OCD symptoms. Twelve out of 9325 papers were screened and reviewed. Five articles reported on computerised tools and seven articles described VR tools. In comparison to computer-based tasks, VR is a promising assessment tool due to specific virtual environments and high resolutions which are able to induce anxiety symptoms. Despite numerous shortcomings, assessment can be utilised in computerised form to detect and generate a variety of psychiatry diagnoses among the general population. Although computerised assessment task and VR show promising results, the finding are uneven due to study design differences, wide variability content task use, small sample size, several methodological issue with the computerised tasks and lack of appropriate control groups. In conclusion, the choice to use computerisation or VR for OCD assessment will depend on aim, content, technical equipment and budget. More in-depth studies of these issues are required. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper provides a qualitative meta-analysis of the literature on the use of serious games to assist learners with intellectual and developmental disabilities. It aims to identify the research trends and the possible directions for future research. The study begins with a preliminary online search and selection of a sample of articles to identify the main categories of disabilities. This is followed by a detailed analysis of a selection of articles chosen on the basis of their relevance, year of publication and representation of the studies carried out in this field. The preliminary analysis of articles published in recent years showed that the majority of the articles dealt with the use of digital games to support learners with intellectual disabilities. The findings revealed reports of participants' higher engagement levels and motivation when learning with serious games, in addition to improved competence or performance in domains of language learning and numeracy. Nevertheless, most researchers acknowledged the need for more rigour in validating the effectiveness of the new games as learning tools. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Summary: The performance of backhaul networks is the major concern for internet service providers, cloud service providers, and data centers for redundancy and reliability. With the integration of new data communication technologies, the system should be more smart and intelligent to handle data traffic coming from new networks like 5G. This new 5G standard provides connectivity among devices where all the traffic is handled by backbone and backhaul networks. The devices and nodes need multiple interfaces, but the TCP/IP standard uses a single path per connection for data communication. This limitation leads to the degradation of network performance and communication failures. There is a need to enhance data throughput and performance by using available paths and interfaces. Multipath Transport Control Protocol (MTCP) is one of the advanced extension of the TCP/IP standard for using available interfaces. This paper proposed an MTCP based infrastructure for 5G networks to handle all the coming data from these networks and provide fast reliable data handling. The proposed infrastructure is evaluated in simulation to check its performance with existing standards. The results indicate that the proposed infrastructure is minimizing the convergence time in case of any failure in the main path. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to analyze the perceptions that the students of the face-to-face Public Accounting program of the Universidad Militar Nueva Granada in Bogotá hold about their learning and their satisfaction with using virtual learning environments. To that end, a sample of 106 students who had taken financial accounting courses was used. The variables selected for the analysis were 77 observable variables, four endogenous latent variables (satisfaction, student-student relationship, and professor-student relationship in two dimensions), and one exogenous latent variable (perceived learning). The modeling was done using the Structural Equation Model (SEM). Per our findings, the professor-student interaction in its two dimensions positively affects both perceived learning and student satisfaction, which does not occur with the student-student relationship. The main conclusion is that professor's actions in virtual learning improve learning, but collaboration between students exerts no effect on their perceived learning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on the theory of conceptual metaphor, this paper discusses the formation and characteristics of conceptual metaphor in the computer field and its influence on human thinking. The functions of the human brain and the expressions and related concepts used to describe these functions are applied to the computer, thus conceptual metaphor concerning the computer come into being. Conceptual metaphor in the field of computer, which is not only of universality but also of systematization, reflects human’s cognition of the computer and also influences human’s thinking mode to cognize the world. The study of this kind of conceptual metaphor can deepen our understanding of computer science and widen the research field of metaphor cognitive function as well. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The beginnings of cybernetics were marked by the publication of two papers in 1943. In the first one, Rosenblueth, Wiener, and Bigelow claimed that purposeful behavior is a circular process controlled by negative feedback. In the second seminal paper, McCulloch and Pitts proposed that neurons are interconnected working as logical operators. Both articles raised human-machine analogies and mathematically formulated cognitive mechanisms. These ideas ignited the interest of von Neumann, who was developing the first stored-program computer. Thus, after a preliminary meeting in 1945, a series of meetings were held between 1946 and 1953. The role of the Spanish neurophysiologist Rafael Lorente de Nó in the beginnings of cybernetics is attested not only by his participation in the core members of these Macy conferences but also for his previous description of reverberating circuits formed by a closed chain of internuncial neurons. This was the first neurobiologic demonstration of a feedback loop. Most researchers considered the central nervous system as a mere reflex organ until then; nevertheless, he demonstrated a self-sustained central activity in the nervous system, supporting the idea of self-regulating mechanisms as a key concept not just in machines but also in the brain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Twenty-first Century is a global information age with rapid development of science and technology, and the information technology represented by multimedia and computer network changes our life and learning mode at extraordinary speed. Nowadays, the quality education is paid attention to by everyone. To further comply with the requirements of the new era curriculum teaching and personnel training, one of the general goals of the “English curriculum standards for senior high schools” promulgated by China in 2003 is to cultivate the “students’ comprehensive use of language skills” and to advocate the basic idea of “concern for students’ emotion”. Relying on the “Internet plus” background, this paper realizes the maintenance of basic data (thesaurus, question bank, article Library) through developing computer assisted foreign language teaching system, and teaching system is mainly to complete the overall design of the teaching system, which not only provides the basic data for the learning and testing of the foreign language assisted teaching system, but also lays a good foundation for the design and realization of the teaching system, and develops the game teaching interface. It has important research value to construct and innovate the new foreign language classroom teaching mode. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Virtual painting technology is a new technical means of modern art creation. 3D painting is a branch of virtual reality art. It uses computers or other intelligent computing devices to simulate the virtual 3D space environment, so that art creators can immerse themselves in painting creation. The difference between 3D painting and traditional painting is that it is a painting space from two-dimensional to three-dimensional. It is a painting creation process of double immersion of human brain and limbs. We believe that the artistic exploration of 3D painting is helpful to the improvement of painting artistic creation ideas and the expansion of skills. It is an embodiment of enriching the media and visualization of painting. Due to the complexity of 3D painting, this paper creates a cloud platform based on the high-speed and large storage characteristics of cloud computing, which will provide more efficient and convenient experience for 3D painting users. The key to the development of the cloud platform is to build an NX digital modeling and display platform based on cloud computing. Through the compression, serialization and network transmission of the three-dimensional image technology at the NX end, the three-dimensional model is finally displayed in the browser interface, and the basic functions of interacting with the model are provided for users. Cloud computing technology is used to arrange the computing work of 3D model compression into subsequent computing, which greatly reduces the redundancy of users' work. Through the research of cloud computing, this paper applies it to computer image technology, which makes the application of 3D painting flourish. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

At present, China's urbanization transformation is accelerating, the construction industry is developing rapidly, and people's requirements for buildings are also increasing, which leads to the increasing energy consumption. Therefore, energy-saving construction in the construction industry is imminent. During the actual life cycle of a building project, including planning, design, construction and later operation and maintenance, energy consumption will be generated in the above processes. Based on this background, this research realized the design of intelligent building management and information system for energy conservation projects by introducing computer vision algorithm. The system is integrated with laws and regulations, economic benefits, technical steps, quality management, cost management, schedule management and other modules. The design process is relatively complex. Therefore, this work adopts modern computer vision algorithm technology and uses relevant tools to collect, store, and analyze a large amount of information in each stage of energy-saving project management process and realize information management from project approval, design, drawing review, and construction to acceptance. Finally, this paper builds system interface layer, system function layer, and database support layer. The system measurement shows that the building energy consumption can be predicted easily, accurately and stably by inputting the energy consumption data collected by each part of the target building. The system realizes the combination of qualitative and quantitative research on energy conservation regulation and improves the informatization level of China's energy conservation research and construction. This paper designs a kind of intelligent building energy-saving management system by studying computer vision algorithm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Medical imaging technology has undergone rapid development in recent years, which can help clinical doctors diagnose and treat patients more effectively. This research technology is of great significance. The paper is to analyze the postoperative situation of patients treated with medical imaging technology, provide relevant references for clinical treatment, and improve the postoperative situation of patients with open fractures. Collect and organize hospitalized open fracture patients from 2021 to 2022 and analyze their postoperative conditions. Divide the patients into two groups for experiments and use different methods to intervene in patients after surgery. The wound healing rates of the study group patients compared to the control group patients were 23.47 ± 4.84 and 18.63 ± 6.84, respectively. The 2 weeks after treatment were 75.76 ± 6.49 and 70.01 ± 4.93, respectively. Through the final data comparison, it was found that the number of dressing changes, pain scores, healing time, and related data of the study group patients. The combination of medical imaging technology and postoperative home care can improve the immune system of each patient after treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Computer-aided CAD system plays an important role in urban planning and heritage conservation. When developing new products, the computer-aided system can effectively identify the existing CAD model and facilitate the reuse for design, thus shortening the development cycle, reducing the development cost, and improving the development efficiency. Therefore, this paper proposes a concept of computer learning algorithm and a model of naive Bayesian algorithm, that is, urban cultural heritage is an important carrier of human history and culture. After long-term development and accumulation, the current form and spiritual significance have evolved. Since the reform and opening up, China's urban heritage protection has also achieved fruitful results and valuable experience, thus forming a three-level protection system of famous cities, famous streets and cultural protection buildings. With the continuous maturity of computer-aided CAD system theory in the field of urban heritage, CAD system has deepened the understanding of "culture" in heritage, and the practice of heritage protection has gradually shifted from traditional urban architecture protection to anthropology, cultural geography and other humanities and social sciences. At this stage, computer-aided CAD urban planning introduced the integrity-, diversity- and development-oriented sustainable development of heritage protection, and paid unprecedented attention to the local nature of heritage or the special background of heritage generation. The focus on urban heritage protection has shifted from simply proposing protection practices to the power and interest mechanism behind heritage protection. Only in this way can heritage management truly maintain sustainable development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cong, W.; Guo, J., and Yu, H., 2019. On-line analysis of marine water quality data based on large electronic computer. In: Guido-Aldana, P.A. and Mulahasan, S. (eds.), Advances in Water Resources and Exploration. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 93, pp. 47–53. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208. In order to make full use of marine resources, develop marine economy and build a powerful marine country, in recent years, the state has focused on the on-line analysis technology of marine water. In order to solve the problems of rapid change of marine environment and difficulty in the detection and analysis of water quality data, this paper presents an online analysis method of marine water quality data based on large electronic computer after comparing various methods of marine water quality detection in China and abroad. This method uses a variety of marine water quality sensors to collect marine water quality data synthetically, and then uses multi-sensor fusion technology to fuse the collected water quality data. Finally, it combines multi-sensor D-S evidence theory data fusion technology with computer to analyze water quality data synthetically online. It is concluded that this method can effectively improve the ability of marine pollution early warning and marine ecological environment protection by real-time comprehensive analysis and research of marine water quality data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]