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Background: There is a need for valid and reliable measures of determinants of sustainability of public health interventions in early childhood education and care (ECEC) settings. This study aimed to develop and evaluate the psychometric and pragmatic properties of such a measure – the Integrated Measure of PRogram Element SuStainability in Childcare Settings (IMPRESS-C). Methods: We undertook a two-phase process guided by the COnsensus-based Standards for the selection of health status Measurement INstruments checklist (COSMIN) and Psychometric and Pragmatic Evidence Rating Scale (PAPERS). Phase 1 involved measure development; i.e., determining items and scales through an iterative process and assessment of face and content validity. Phase 2 involved the evaluation of psychometric and pragmatic properties. The 29-item measure completed by service executives (directors and nominated supervisors) was embedded in a larger survey from a national sample of Australian ECEC services assessing their implementation of nutrition and physical activity programs. Structural validity, concurrent validity, known groups validity, internal consistency, floor and ceiling effects, norms, and pragmatic qualities of the measure were assessed according to the PAPERS criteria. Results: The final measure contained 26 items, with respondents reporting how strongly they agreed or disagreed on a five-point Likert scale. Phase 1 assessments confirmed the relevance, and face and content validity of the scale. In Phase 2, we obtained 482 completed surveys, of which 84% (n = 405) completed the entire measure across 405 ECEC settings (one executive per service). Three of the four fit indices for the confirmatory factor analysis met the pre-specified criteria (SRMR = 0.056, CFI = 0.993, RMSEA = 0.067) indicating 'good' structural validity. The IMPRESS-C illustrated: 'good' internal consistency, with Cronbach's alpha values from 0.53 to 0.92; 'emerging' concurrent validity; 'poor' known groups validity; 'good' norms; and 'good' overall pragmatic qualities (cost, readability, length, and assessor burden). Conclusions: The IMPRESS-C possesses strong psychometric and pragmatic qualities for assessing service executive-level perceptions of determinants influencing sustainment of public health interventions within ECEC settings. To achieve a full range of perspectives in this setting, future work should be directed to also develop and test measures of sustainability determinants at the implementer level (e.g., among individual educators and staff). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The Comprehensive assessment of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (CompACT) is a 23-item questionnaire measuring psychological flexibility, a quality of life protective factor. An 18-item version was recently produced. We assessed validity and reliability of CompACT, and equivalence of paper and electronic (eCompACT) versions in people with multiple sclerosis (PwMS) in Italy, Germany and Spain. Methods: We used confirmatory factor analysis and assessed CompACT-23 and CompACT-18 measurement invariance between the three language versions. We assessed construct validity (Spearman's correlations) and internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha). Test–retest reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient, ICC) and equivalence of paper and eCompACT (ICC and linear regression model for repeated measures) were assessed in subsamples of PwMS. Results: A total of 725 PwMS completed the study. The three-factor structure of the CompACT-23 showed poor fit (RMSEA 0.07; CFI 0.82; SRMR 0.08), while the fit of the CompACT-18 was good (RMSEA 0.05; CFI 0.93; SRMR 0.05). Configural and partial metric invariance were confirmed, as well as partial scalar invariance (reached when five items were allowed to vary freely). The CompACT-18 showed good internal consistency (all alpha ≥ 0.78); and test–retest reliability (all ICCs ≥ 0.86). Equivalence between paper and eCompACT was excellent (all ICCs ≥ 0.86), with no mode, order, or interaction effects. Conclusion: Results support using the refined CompACT-18 as a three-factor measure of psychological flexibility in PwMS. Paper and eCompACT-18 versions are equivalent. CompACT-18 can be used cross-culturally, but sub-optimal scalar invariance suggests that direct comparison between the three language versions should be interpreted with caution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Vaccination is a crucial protective intervention to prevent adult mortality and morbidity. Personal perceptions and resources have an important place in the vaccination decision. Aim: This study aimed to modify the Public Attitude Towards Vaccination–Health Belief Model scale for adult vaccines and evaluate its psychometric properties. Methods: Overall, 626 people participated in this methodological study. Content validity index, confirmatory factor analysis, internal consistency and item‐total score correlation were used for validity and reliability. The independent samples t test, logistic regression analysis and ROC analysis were used for criterion and concurrent validity. Results: In confirmatory factor analysis, values of fit indices were excellent or acceptable. The Cronbach alpha value was between 0.83 and 0.92. According to criterion validity, the susceptibility, severity, benefit, and health motivation scores of those with the vaccine were higher than those without, whereas their barrier score was lower. The barrier subscale was a risk factor, whereas the benefit score was a protective factor that increased the likelihood of vaccination. The concurrent validity of the scale was tested with the COVID‐19 vaccine. While the barrier subscale's ability to distinguish between vaccinated (specificity) and unvaccinated (sensitivity) individuals is excellent, it is acceptable for the other subscales. Conclusion: Modified PAVS‐HBM is valid and reliable for adult vaccines. This scale was associated with vaccination behaviour and distinguished between vaccinated and unvaccinated individuals. Summary statement: What is already known about this topic? Vaccination rates are low in many countries due to issues of access, economy and infrastructure and in countries that provide vaccines.Low vaccination rates in adults are associated with mortality and morbidity.Vaccination management success is enhanced by orientation towards individual perceptions. What this paper adds? The modified Public Attitude Towards Vaccination Scale–Health Belief Model (PAVS‐HBM) was demonstrated as a reliable and valid scale.This scale explains the vaccination behaviour for different adult vaccines.This scale's ability to distinguish between vaccinated (specificity) and unvaccinated (sensitivity) individuals is acceptable to excellent. The implications of this paper for practice: The scale can be used as a tool for researchers to evaluate the probability of individuals being vaccinated and to determine risk groups for vaccine refusal.It can be integrated with many models focused on behaviour change, and when used with a health model, the scale's explanation of individuals' vaccination behaviour can guide the structuring of nursing interventions for vaccination. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: A healthy diet is a critical factor in maintaining long-term health. In addition to a health-promoting food environment, the nutrition health literacy (NHL) and food literacy (FL) of the population are important in this context. This paper describes the development and validation of two short instruments to measure the nutrition literacy of the population, used in the Austrian Nutrition Literacy Survey 2021. Methods: An instrument to measure NHL (Nutrition Health Literacy Scale; NHLS) has been adapted and further developed. To measure FL, the Self-perceived Food Literacy Scale by Poelman et al. has been modified and shortened (SPFL-SF). Validation of the instruments was based on data from a web survey conducted in Austria in 2021 with almost 3,000 participants aged 18 years and older. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were performed to assess the factorial validity/dimensionality of the instruments. Additionally, internal consistency was assessed using Cronbach's alpha, ordinal alpha, and McDonald's omega. Results: Both instruments demonstrate excellent data-model fit. The NHLS also shows excellent internal consistency (α = 0.91), while the SPFL-SF displays a sufficient internal consistency for all (α between 0.70 and 0.89) but one sub-dimension (resisting temptation α = 0.61). Furthermore, the distribution of the items indicates that the measures are understandable and suitable, as evidenced by the absence of missing values in the sample. In addition, the items of both instruments differ in their level of difficulty or agreement. Conclusions: The NHLS and SPFL-SF are reliable and valid instruments for measuring NHL and FL in the general adult population. The brief instruments measuring the different aspects of nutrition literacy can be easily used in nutritional or evaluation studies. Further work is required to investigate other aspects of validity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Many constructs in management studies, such as perceptions, personalities, attitudes, and behavioral intentions, are not directly observable. Typically, empirical studies measure such constructs using established scales with multiple indicators. When the scales are used in a different population, the items are translated into other languages or revised to adapt to other populations, it is essential for researchers to report the quality of measurement scales before using them to test hypotheses. Researchers commonly report the quality of these measurement scales based on Cronbach's alpha and confirmatory factor analysis results. However, these results are usually inadequate and sometimes inappropriate. Moreover, researchers rarely consider sampling errors for these psychometric quality measures. In this best practice paper, we first critically review the most frequently-used approaches in empirical studies to evaluate the quality of measurement scales when using structural equation modeling. Next, we recommend best practices in assessing reliability, convergent and discriminant validity based on multiple criteria and taking sampling errors into consideration. Then, we illustrate with numerical examples the application of a specifically-developed R package, measureQ, that provides a one-stop solution for implementing the recommended best practices and a template for reporting the results. measureQ is easy to implement, even for those new to R. Our overall aim is to provide a best-practice reference for future authors, reviewers, and editors in reporting and reviewing the quality of measurement scales in empirical management studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Skepticism has traditionally been associated with critical thinking. However, philosophy has proposed a particular type of skepticism, termed naive skepticism, which may increase susceptibility to misinformation, especially when contrasting information from official sources. While some scales propose to measure skepticism, they are scarce and only measure specific topics; thus, new instruments are needed to assess this construct. Objective: This study aimed to develop a scale to measure naive skepticism in the adult population. Method: The study involved 446 individuals from the adult population. Subjects were randomly selected for either the pilot study (phase 2; n = 126) or the validity-testing study (phase 3; n = 320). Parallel analyses and exploratory structural equation modelling were conducted to assess the internal structure of the test. Scale reliability was estimated using Cronbach's alpha and McDonald's omega coefficients Finally, a multigroup confirmatory factor analysis was performed to assess invariance, and a Set- Exploratory Structural Equation Modeling was applied to estimate evidence of validity based on associations with other variables. Results: The naive skepticism scale provided adequate levels of reliability (ω > 0.8), evidence of validity based on the internal structure of the test (CFI = 0.966; TLI = 0.951; RMSEA = 0.079), gender invariance, and a moderate inverse effect on attitudes towards COVID-19 vaccines. Conclusions: The newly developed naive skepticism scale showed acceptable psychometric properties in an adult population, thus enabling the assessment of naive skepticism in similar demographics. This paper discusses the implications for the theoretical construct and possible limitations of the scale. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Risks can negatively affect not only internal processes within a company and business results but also managerial decisions. One of the preconditions for sound decision-making would be the identification of specific risks. The primary goal of this paper is to create a structural model for exploring the interrelationships among sources of business risks and the operational performance of SMEs. A survey was conducted in 1,781 SMEs from selected Central European countries. CFA (Confirmatory Factor Analysis) was used to check the reliability and validity of the model. The Cronbach's alpha test was used to assess the internal consistency of data collection instruments. For measurement of sample adequacy, Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (KMO) test was used. The model presented in this paper provides a tool for identifying the interrelationships among sources of business risks, operational performance and the market position. The model can help managers of SMEs focus on specific areas of their business that should not be ignored in decision-making processes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is twofold: to test existing Authentic Leadership (AL) instruments simultaneously in the same environment, and based on these, to propose an extended instrument for the assessment of AL intrapersonal and interpersonal competencies. Design/methodology/approach: Three existing instruments of AL – Authentic Leadership Questionnaire (ALQ) (Walumbwa et al., 2008), Authentic Leadership Inventory (ALI) (Neider and Schriesheim, 2011) and the Three Pillar Model (TPM) (Beddoes-Jones and Swailes, 2015) – were tested, and an extended instrument was proposed based on the results. Two different samples were used – a homogeneous sample (N = 1021) from the military and a heterogeneous sample (N = 547) from retail, catering, public services and logistics industries. Construct validity for the instruments was assessed using a confirmatory factor analysis, and the internal consistency of the factors was analysed using Cronbach's alpha. Findings: From existing instruments, two out of three indicate issues with internal factor consistency and model fit. The internal consistency of factors and model fit of the extended instrument developed here is satisfactory and suitable for assessing authentic leadership competencies in a single organisation or industry. Originality/value: This paper sees AL as the behaviour of leaders affected by leadership competencies. Three existing AL instruments were tested alongside a proposed extended instrument to assess AL intrapersonal and interpersonal competencies in the same context. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent decades, the confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) has been embraced by several scholars in assessing the fitness of measurement model through structural equation modeling procedure. In this study, five variables namely HRM practices (recruitment and selection, training and development, performance appraisal, compensation), psychological empowerment, affective commitment, work engagement, and employee competence were applied in carrying out the CFA. Applying the CFA procedure determines the researcher's attempt to increase the ability of latent measurement model to be more outlined and précised in drawing conclusions as well as avoiding the violation of regression assumption. It appears more efficient with the use of Cronbach Alpha, Convergent validity, Discriminant Validity and Composite Reliability in the study analysis for the researcher to apply the result for further steps. Hence, findings of this study appear to be more corresponding with the overall aim of the study. Empirically, CFA is an effective tool for ensuring the best fit of measurement model. The inability of the current analysis to carry out the CFA using individual measurement serves as a great limitation. The application of pooled CFA is certainly a key to researchers in the quest to achieve the requirement for measurement model in a study with complex constructs/items. This paper aimed at presenting to the readers particularly those at the beginning stage, the importance of applying pooled CFA in empirical studies by highlighting the findings of the current study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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GRAT-16 is one of the most commonly used scales that measure gratitude. This scale was designed and majorly used in the western context. The present paper examined the factorial solution, reliability, and validity of the scale in Indian settings. For psychometric analysis of GRAT-16, two studies were conducted. The first study examined the factorial validity of the three-dimensional scale of gratitude (GRAT-16) in the Indian context. The first study was based on a sample of 530 students that consisted of 51.32% male and 48.68% female respondents. These students were enrolled in commerce (68.11%), science (20.57%), and humanities (11.32%) courses and have a mean age of 21.19 years. Study 1 had two sub-samples. The first subsample (n = 260) was used for exploratory factor analysis using varimax rotation. The factorial solution reported three factors that explain a 54% variance. The second subsample (n = 270) was used for confirmatory factor analysis to substantiate a three-factor scale. Here, one statement was deleted for low regression weight. It reduced GRAT-16 to GRAT-15 for Indian respondents with appreciable goodness of fit indices. The second study examined the reliability and validity of the Indian GRAT-15. Study 2 was based on a sample of 519 students, with a mean age of 21.65 years. This sample had 288 (53.56%) male participants and 241 (53.56%) female respondents. Also, 63.2%, 26.37%, and 10.31% of the participants belonged to commerce, science, and humanities streams. This second study concluded good internal consistency reliability with acceptable values of Cronbach's alpha and composite reliability. The appropriate values of Average Variance Explained (AVE) confirmed convergent and discriminant validity of Indian GRAT-15. The criterion validity of the Indian GRAT-15 was also assessed. A significant positive correlation with the Satisfaction with Life Scale and a negative association with Kessler Psychological Distress Scale concluded that GRAT-15 might be a valuable tool to measure gratitude for the Indian respondents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Though e-learning and learner's perspective have been researched a lot by researchers, there is a real dearth of quality empirical research studies on adoption of massive open online courses (MOOCs) from teachers' perspective in general and in Indian scenario in particular. In addition to accomplishing these, the presented research is also unique as it deploys technology acceptance model for Indian educators' perspective for the first time. Towards this end, the paper presents the development of seven hypotheses, their compilation in the proposed conceptual model followed by its testing with model-fit indices. Technically, two-step data analysis with confirmatory factor analysis, path analysis with structural equation modelling and reliability analysis with Cronbach's alpha (CA) have been carried out. This is the first formal attempt to statistically investigate and validate the determinants of teachers' acceptance and use of MOOCs. Specifically, the influence of social context, perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use and content quality on the teacher's intentions of adopting MOOCs have been examined. The role of mediating factors and the possibility of a teacher's intention to adopt MOOCs in the near future are also analysed in depth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Oil and gas transportation shows different characteristics compared with other commodities. Moreover, the legal aspects of transporting this type of commodities are different and consistent with the commodities transported. As a result of the particular and hazardous nature of oil and gas, the legal aspects of oil and gas transportation are present, and it is necessary to pay particular attention to them to reduce the dangers and risks of this type of transportation and facilitate and accelerate trade. Moreover, the paper aims to confirm the statistical method of the confirmatory factor analysis Level 1 and Level 2 of investigating factors influencing the mitigation of oil and gas transportation damage. The operationalized projects in oil and gas are among the projects associated with various stakeholders. For this purpose, however, the paper considers 35 experts of stakeholders in oil and gas. The paper's confirmatory factor analysis showed that ten factors influence damage mitigation. Moreover, the validation results based on Cronbach's alpha were 0.7, which is an appropriate value. Furthermore, the findings showed that the critical factors include "Dispute management," "cost," "Insurance," "Environmental Circumstances," "Safety measures," "Packaging and labeling," Utilizing domestic fleet," "Compilation of legal agreements," "International and domestic conventions and regulations," and "Risk analysis." Ultimately, organizations' competence to adapt to stakeholders' expectations and mutual relationships significantly affects their results and performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Floods are the most frequent natural disasters with a significant share of their mortality. Preparedness is capable of decreasing the mortality of floods by at least 50%. This paper aims to present the psychometric properties of a scale developed to evaluate the behavior of preparedness to floods in Sudan and similar settings. Methods: In this methodological scale development study, experts assessed the content validity of the items of the developed scale. Data were collected from key persons of 413 households living in neighborhoods affected by the 2018 floods in Kassala City in Sudan. A pre-tested questionnaire of sociodemographic data and the Flood Preparedness Behavior Scale (FPBS) were distributed to the participants' houses and recollected. Construct validity of the scale was checked using exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). Internal consistency of the scale was checked using Cronbach's alpha. Test-retest reliability was assessed by Pearson's correlation coefficient. Item analyses and tests of significance of the difference in the mean scores of the highest and lowest score groups were carried out to ensure discriminatory power of the scale items. Results: Experts agreed on the scale items. Construct validity of the scale was achieved using EFA by removing 34 items and retaining 25 items that were structured in three factors, named as: measures to be done before, during, and after a flood. Confirmatory factor analysis confirmed the construct obtained by EFA. The loadings of the items on their factors in both EFA and CFA were all > 0.3 with significant associations and acceptable fit indices obtained from CFA. The three factors were found to be reliable in terms of internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha coefficients for all factors were > 0.7) and test-retest reliability coefficient. In item analysis, the corrected total item correlations for all the items were > 0.3, and significant differences in the means of the highest and lowest score groups indicated good item discrimination power. Conclusion: The developed 25 items scale is an instrument which produces valid and reliable measures of preparedness behavior for floods in Sudan and similar settings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Most consumers face difficulties when choosing and navigating health insurance plans. Health insurance literacy (HIL) has been discussed as a critical lever to ensure efficient choices and navigation in choice-based health insurance systems. Still, existing evidence about HIL mainly comes from the US, and the only validated scale, the Health Insurance Literacy Measure (HILM), may not be adequate to measure HIL outside US samples. This paper describes the measurement properties of the Swiss Health Insurance Literacy Measure (HILM-CH), the first scale to measure HIL in Switzerland. Methods: The items of the HILM-CH were adapted from the HILM in German, French, and Italian. A panel of experts refined it to ensure its suitability for the Swiss context. The final version of the HILM-CH contains 21 items, and other relevant measures were administered in the Swiss Health Insurance Literacy Survey to a sample of 6036 insurees. Measurement properties were investigated overall and per linguistic group. Internal reliability was determined using Cronbach's alphas. Criterion validity was examined through convergent and concurrent validity of the HILM-CH. The construct validity was assessed using factor analysis. Measurement invariance of the HILM-CH between linguistic regions was further evaluated using multiple-group confirmatory factor analyses. Results: The HILM-CH had acceptable to good reliability (alphas between 0.70 and 0.91). Concurrent and convergent validity showed that HILM-CH is a good measurement of HIL. Factor analysis revealed a four-factor model and showed an acceptable fit to the data (CFI= 0.977; TLI = 0.974; RMSEA = 0.061; SRMR = 0.032). Using the established four-factor model, measurement invariance was established across Switzerland's German, French, and Italian-speaking regions. Conclusions: The HILM-CH is a reliable and valid measure of HIL across Switzerland's German, French, and Italian-speaking regions. It can be used in future research to find associations between HIL and individual characteristics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Coronavirus Disease pandemic has led to exponentially greater screen time and technology utilization. The Zoom Exhaustion and Fatigue (ZEF) scale is a diagnostic measure developed to identify zoom fatigue arising from excessive screen time. The language barrier, however, has prevented its implementation in Indonesia. This paper thus investigated the validity and reliability of a Bahasa Indonesia diagnostic instrument, ZEF-I. This study generated a ZEF-I translation through the World Health Organization (WHO)-Euro-Reves technique. RASCH and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) of the scale based on data from 300 participants were undertaken. The reliability and validity of the ZEF-I were specifically assessed with the separation index, Cronbach's alpha, content validation index as well as Pearson and corrected-item correlations. The model showed adequate reliability and validity of the ZEF-I as well as favorable goodness-of-fit indexes and fit indices. The fit-misfit statistics also preserved all 15 items on the translated instrument. Among fatigued students, the blurred vision item was the most frequently endorsed, while the need for self-time was the least endorsed item. This study developed and validated an Indonesian translation of the zoom fatigue questionnaire. ZEF-I is an appropriate zoom fatigue assessment instrument for Indonesian university students. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The consideration of future consequences (CFC) determines the extent to which individuals consider the potential future outcomes of their current behavior. The significance of assessing the CFC scale's validation in different contexts has been acknowledged by the previous studies. While the majority of the studies have been conducted in western countries, no study has been conducted in Malaysia. The aim of the current study was to validate a Malaysian version of the CFC scale among Malaysian young adults. Methods: The methodological cross-sectional approach was adopted in this study. The study recruited 529 young adults (age range from 25 to 40) who fulfilled the inclusion criteria of the paper survey. Construct validity was assessed using content validity, convergent validity, and discriminant validity. Cronbach's alpha, McDonald's omega, and average inter-item correlation (AIC) were used to assess the scale's internal consistency. Also, composite reliability (CR) and maximal reliability (MaxR) were used to assess the construct reliability. Measurement invariance was tested across gender. Results: The findings of the exploratory factor analysis indicated that the Malaysian version of the CFC scale has a two-factor structure (i.e., CFC-Future and CFC-Immediate) with 10-item explaining 61.682% of the total variance. The confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) supported the two-factor structure of the CFC scale with good construct validity. The internal consistency and CR were acceptable. [The Cronbach's alpha, McDonald's omega, and CR for CFC-I were 0.901 (CI 95%: 0.881–918), 0.901, and 0.887, respectively. Also, these parameters for CFC-F were 0.867 (CI 95%: 0.838–891), 0.868, and 0.867, respectively]. Conclusion: We found acceptable psychometric evidence for the 10-item two-factors CFC scale used in the context of young adults in Malaysia. The validated instrument can be used in future studies to assess young adults' CFC tendency and CFC-related behavior in Malaysia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Although irritability is a widely used term, it has no universal definition. Irritability is an emotional process that can be defined by a tendency to negative emotional states. No Turkish scale has been developed or adapted to measure irritability in adults. Consequently, this paper aims to conduct a validity and reliability study of the Turkish version of the Brief Irritability Test (BITe) with 5 items, which was developed by Holtzman et al. in 2015 to measure irritability rapidly and appropriately. Methods: The Turkish BITe's internal consistency and validity analysis were studied on 136 volunteering undergraduate and postgraduate students. Cronbach's alpha value was calculated for internal consistency. Concurrent, convergent, discriminant validity analyses, and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) were conducted to calculate structural validity. Moreover, the scale was applied to 24 people 2 weeks later to determine the temporal reliability of the Turkish BITe. Results: When the fit indices of the scale related to the CFA were examined, it was observed that it had a good fit (Χ2 = 7.517, Χ2/df = 1.503, df = 5; RMSEA = 0.061; CFI = 0.992, GFI = 0.977, NFI = 0.976; TLI = 0.984, IFI = 0.992). In the reliability analysis, the Cronbach's alpha value was 0.86, and the correlation coefficient between test--retest scores was 0.74 (P < .001). Conclusion: This study reveals that the Turkish form of the BITe shows sufficient psychometric properties in the non-clinical population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC) stands out as a widely used measure of psychological resilience. The original CD-RISC consists of 25 items, commonly referred to as CD-RISC-25. Aim: This study aims to validate the Arabic version of the CD-RISC-25 involving a sample size of 1220 participants from three universities in Jordan. Methods: The researcher conducted a methodological investigation to examine the validation process. This included an examination of the translation process and an evaluation of content validity, which was assessed using the content validity index (CVI). Construct validity was assessed through exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis, while convergent and discriminant validity were both evaluated using composite reliability (CR) and the square root of the average variance extracted. Results: Results showed a prominent level of psychological resilience 76.74±15.2 among the participating university students. Regarding the validity of the Arabic version of CD-RISC-25, the CVI yielded a value of 0.88, signifying a robust level of content validity. The analysis identified four constructs that accounted for 56.26% of the total variance. The goodness-of-fit indices, including goodness of fit index of 0.91, comparative fit index of 0.91, incremental fit index of 0.93, Tucker-Lewis index of 0.94, and root mean square error of approximation of 0.048, provided strong evidence supporting the alignment between the observed data and the hypothesized constructs. Discriminant and convergent validity were found to support the validity of the Arabic version of CD-RISC-25. Regarding the reliability, it demonstrated excellent reliability, with a total Cronbach's alpha of 0.934 and all CR values surpassing the threshold of 0.70, thereby further establishing its overall robustness. Conclusion: The results provide substantial evidence for the validity and reliability of the translated Arabic CD-RISC-25. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to examine the effects of management characteristics, including perceptiveness, support, and willingness on the adoption of International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) for small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in Vietnam. The research collects secondary data via a questionnaire from 218 responses by senior managers and financial directors of SMEs in Vietnam during the period from January 2022 to June 2022. The model's scales are established and tested by Cronbach's alpha, exploratory factor analysis (EFA), and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). Then, structural equation modeling (SEM) is used to test research hypotheses. The research results confirm that the readiness to apply IFRS in SMEs in Vietnam depends greatly on the perceptiveness and support of managers of researched firms, consistent with previous studies (Moqbel et al., 2013). Upon the analysis results, the research has proposed instructive recommendations to encourage SMEs to accelerate the preparation of firms' financial statements complying with IFRS. By doing these, firms will increase their competitive advantages and promote international integration. The study also contributes to the literature as a lesson to countries in adopting full IFRS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: This study aimed to assess the usefulness of the parent version of the KINDLR and the additional items of the Kiddy Parents questionnaire in the South-African context and to validate it as an appropriate tool for measuring health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Method: The ExAMIN Youth SA study was designed to investigate lifestyle behaviours, including psychosocial factors that may adversely impact on cardiovascular health of children. Construct validity was examined by using exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis, while internal consistency was tested by Cronbach's alpha. The final factor structure was confirmed by model fit indices. Results: The study included children (n = 1088) aged between 5 and 10 years in North-West, South Africa. The reliability coefficients of the original factors could not be reproduced in this data set, with the Cronbach's alphas ranging between 0.46 and 0.78. With exploratory factor analysis, including the additional items, our data supported a 7-factor structure with acceptable internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha: 0.68–0.79; Omega: 0.75–0.85) and acceptable model fit indices (CFI: 0.91; TLI: 0.90; RMSEA: 0.05; SRMR: 0.07). Two factors (emotional wellbeing and everyday functioning) further split into separate factors for positive and negative experiences related to each of these dimensions. Conclusion: We confirmed a new factor structure of the parent version of the KINDLR and the additional items of the Kiddy Parents questionnaire, which can be used in the African context. Although the new factor structure has great overlap with the original structure, some items did not contribute to the factors as expected. Language and cultural differences between the original German group and the current South African study group resulted in a different factor structure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As health systems transition to ICD-11, it is essential to gauge the readiness and improve existing transition efforts. Assessing the intention to use ICD-11 and factors influencing it is imperative to encourage the use of ICD-11 among the medical record officers (MROs) and assistant medical record officers (AMROs). This study aims to develop and validate a questionnaire on the factors influencing the intention to use ICD-11 among MROs and AMROs in the Ministry of Health, Malaysia. This study comprised a questionnaire development and validation involving 292 participants nationwide from Ministry of Health Malaysia facilities. The questionnaire was developed based on items adapted from the literature. Forward and backward English-Malay translation was done. Then, the questionnaire was examined for content validity, internal consistency reliability, construct validity, face validity, convergent validity, discriminant validity and confirmatory factor analyses. The final version of the questionnaire consists of eleven domains represented by 50 items. The content validity index and modified kappa were excellent for all domains. The Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin sampling adequacy value was appropriate, with a value of 0.790. The questionnaire also demonstrated good internal consistency reliability with Cronbach's alpha values between 0.850 and 0.992. Confirmatory factor analysis showed a reasonable fit for this eleven-factor model. In conclusion, this questionnaire provides a reliable tool for investigating the intention to use ICD-11 among MROs and AMROs. Positive findings from the psychometric properties support the validity of the questionnaire. This instrument can potentially support personnel in charge of ICD codification, guide the ICD-11 transition at various levels and facilitate research on support dynamics among the MROs and AMROs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to develop a valid and reliable measurement instrument to identify university students' attitudes towards flipped learning model. The research sample was composed of 487 pre-service teachers who attended a university. Relevant literature was reviewed a pool of items was formed and content and construct validity analyses as well as item reliability analysis were done in the process of developing the scale. The literature was reviewed, and the participants were reviewed to form the pool of items. A 35-item draft scale was prepared in the light of data coming from the literature review and from the interviews with the participants. Both the exploratory factor analysis (AFA) and the confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) were done so as to determine the factor structure of the scale of attitudes towards flipped learning model (SATFLM). Following the EFA, it was found that the Kaiser–Meyer–Olkin value was 0.936, that the Cronbach's Alpha coefficient was 0.910 and that the scale had 3 factors. Factor one explained 33.852% of the total variance while factor two explained 41.268% and factor three explained 47.856% of the total variance. The factor structure was confirmed with confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). According to the results of the CFA, the GFI was found as 0.911, CFI as 0.932, TLI as 0.924, RMSEA as 0.048 and X2/df as 2.12. It was concluded on the basis of the data that the scale was valid and reliable in identifying attitudes towards flipped learning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The Scale of Emotional Development-Short (SED-S) assesses the level of emotional development (ED) of persons with intellectual disability (ID) in eight domains across five stages with reference ages from 0 to 12 years. The aim of this study was to apply and validate the SED-S in a sample of healthy adults with ID. Method: Eighty-three mentally healthy adults with ID were assessed using the SED-S. Factor analysis, Cronbach's alpha, and correlational analyses were used to test the scale's internal structure and associations. Results: The results showed that the eight-domain structure of the SED-S is supported by strong inter-domain correlations, a high Cronbach's alpha, and a one-factor confirmatory factor analysis. The SED-S was associated with the severity of ID but not with age or gender. Conclusions: The SED-S can be used in non-clinical settings to better understand and meet the emotional needs of adults with ID. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of RAE: Revista de Administração de Empresas is the property of Fundacao Getulio Vargas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background: Given increases in China's aging population, the growing demand for public health services and the shortage of human resources among nurses have become more prominent. Under such a background, "Internet + Nursing Services" have received more attention. Thus, exploring the barriers to and facilitators of nurses' willingness to participate in "Internet + Nursing Services" and utilizing internet technology to increase the supply of nursing services has become a key issue. Objective: This study aimed to develop a scale for assessing the barriers to and facilitators of nurses' willingness to participate in "Internet + Nursing Services" and to test the validity and reliability of the scale. Methods: A preliminary scale was developed based on a literature review, theoretical research, semistructured qualitative interviews, and two rounds of Delphi expert inquiry. A convenient sampling method was used for the questionnaire survey. A 5-point Likert scale was used to evaluate the importance of the items. The survey data of 659 clinical nurses obtained from February to March 2023 were used for item analysis, exploratory factor analysis (EFA), and reliability and validity tests of the scale. The survey data of 538 clinical nurses obtained in April 2023 were used for confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) of the final scale. Results: The final scale consists of 25 items and 4 dimensions (performance expectations, perceived risk, need for professional knowledge training, and nonprofessional knowledge training). The scale showed good structural validity and content validity: the Cronbach's α coefficient of the scale was 0.955, the split-half reliability was 0.778, the test-retest reliability was 0.944, the kaiser-meyer-olkin(KMO) value was 0.960, and the cumulative variance contribution rate of the 4 common factors was 83.147%. The scale content validity index(S-CVI) was 0.914. The confirmatory factor analysis model had favorable fit indices: χ2/df = 4.234, RMSEA = 0.078, NFI = 0.940, IFI = 0.953, TLI = 0.947, and CFI = 0.953. Conclusion: The scale for assessing the barriers to and facilitators of nurses' willingness to participate in "Internet + Nursing Services" has good reliability and validity, and provides a reference for evaluating nurses' willingness to participate in "Internet + Nursing Services". [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Access to valid and reliable instruments is essential in the field of implementation science, where the measurement of factors associated with healthcare professionals' uptake of EBP is central. The Norwegian version of the Evidence-based practice profile questionnaire (EBP2-N) measures EBP constructs, such as EBP knowledge, confidence, attitudes, and behavior. Despite its potential utility, the EBP2-N requires further validation before being used in a cross-sectional survey targeting different healthcare professionals in Norwegian primary healthcare. This study assessed the content validity, construct validity, and internal consistency of the EBP2-N among Norwegian primary healthcare professionals. Methods: To evaluate the content validity of the EBP2-N, we conducted qualitative individual interviews with eight healthcare professionals in primary healthcare from different disciplines. Qualitative data was analyzed using the "text summary" model, followed by panel group discussions, minor linguistic changes, and a pilot test of the revised version. To evaluate construct validity (structural validity) and internal consistency, we used data from a web-based cross-sectional survey among nurses, assistant nurses, physical therapists, occupational therapists, medical doctors, and other professionals (n = 313). Structural validity was tested using a confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) on the original five-factor structure, and Cronbach's alpha was calculated to assess internal consistency. Results: The qualitative interviews with primary healthcare professionals indicated that the content of the EBP2-N was perceived to reflect the constructs intended to be measured by the instrument. However, interviews revealed concerns regarding the formulation of some items, leading to minor linguistic revisions. In addition, several participants expressed that some of the most specific research terms in the terminology domain felt less relevant to them in clinical practice. CFA results exposed partial alignment with the original five-factor model, with the following model fit indices: CFI = 0.749, RMSEA = 0.074, and SRMR = 0.075. Cronbach's alphas ranged between 0.82 and 0.95 for all domains except for the Sympathy domain (0.69), indicating good internal consistency in four out of five domains. Conclusion: The EBP2-N is a suitable instrument for measuring Norwegian primary healthcare professionals' EBP knowledge, attitudes, confidence, and behavior. Although EBP2-N seems to be an adequate instrument in its current form, we recommend that future research focuses on further assessing the factor structure, evaluating the relevance of the items, and the number of items needed. Registration: Retrospectively registered (prior to data analysis) in OSF Preregistration. Registration DOI: https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/428RP. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this paper was to assess the factor structure of the Spanish Burnout Inventory (SBI) in a multi-occupational sample of Colombian workers. On the basis of previous results and the factor structure of the instrument, a four-factor model was hypothesized. The sample consisted of 153 Colombian workers from different occupational sectors. The SBI was applied. This instrument is composed of 20 items distributed in four dimensions: Enthusiasm toward the job (5 items), Psychological exhaustion (4 items), Indolence (6 items), and Guilt (5 items). The psychometric properties were examined by confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and the reliability was tested by Cronbach's alpha. The items presented adequate statistical and psychometric values, as well as the scales. The model presented an acceptable fit to the data: GFI = .858, RMSEA = .066(.051-.079), NNFI = .913, CFI = .927. Reliability was adequate for all scales (α = .79 to α = .87). The results indicate that the SBI is an instrument with psychometric validity to assess the burnout in the Colombian cultural context. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Gazi University Journal of Gazi Educational Faculty (GUJGEF) is the property of Gazi University Journal of Gazi Educational Faculty (GUJGEF) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This study aims to assess the psychometric properties of the Persian version of the Attitudes Toward Plagiarism Questionnaire (ATPQ) among Iranian medical sciences postgraduate students and faculty members. In this study, the ATPQ developed by Mavrinac et al. in 2010 was translated into Persian. After assessment of face and content validity, we distributed the ATPQ draft among 286 Iranian medical science postgraduate students and faculty members. Explanatory and confirmatory factor analysis were applied, and Cronbach's alpha was used to measure the reliability of the ATPQ. All the items of our English version of the ATPQ were approved by the developer of the original ATPQ, and two were revised in the cognitive interview. Construct validity assessment showed that three items were not seriously involved in the extracted factors. The Persian version of the ATPQ had 26 items, five factors and a Cronbach's alpha of 0.81%, and the combined value explained 38.24% of the total variance of this scale. Two new factors of “perceived control” and “attitude toward self-plagiarism” were extracted and incorporated into the Persian version. To conclude, the ATPQ is a valid, reliable, and convenient instrument to determine attitudes toward plagiarism among Iranian medical science postgraduate students and faculty members. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: This study aimed to translate and culturally adapt the Assessment of Quality of Life (AQoL)-6D into Malay (Malay-AQoL-6D), and assesses the instrument's acceptability, reliability, and validity among Malaysians living with chronic heart failure (HF). Methods: The translation and cross-cultural adaptation process adhered to international guidelines. The Malay-AQoL-6D underwent content and face validity assessments via expert review, and pretesting among healthy individuals and patients with chronic conditions. Subsequent psychometric validation utilised clinico-sociodemographic data and paired AQoL-6D and EQ-5D-5L data from a health-related quality-of-life (HRQoL) survey involving Malay-speaking patients with HF, which encompassed assessments of Malay-AQoL-6D acceptability, internal consistency and test-retest reliability, as well as its construct, concurrent, convergent and divergent, and known-group validity. Results: The Malay-AQoL-6D was deemed acceptable among clinicians and local patients, achieving a 90.8% completion rate among 314 patients surveyed. The instrument demonstrated strong content validity (item-level content validity index [CVI]: 0.83–1.00, average CVI: 0.98), internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha: 0.72–0.89; MacDonald's omega: 0.82–0.90, excluding the Senses dimension), and test-retest reliability (average intraclass correlation coefficients: 0.79–0.95). Confirmatory factor analysis confirmed the instrument's two-level, six-factor structure (Satorra-Bentler [SB]-scaled χ2(df: 164): 283.67, p-value < 0.001; root mean square error of approximation [RMSEA]: 0.051; comparative fix index [CFI]: 0.945, Tucker-Lewis index [TLI]: 0.937; standardised root mean-squared error [SRMR]: 0.058). The Malay-AQoL-6D's concurrent validity was evident through its good agreement with EQ-5D-5L. Multiple hypothesis tests further affirmed its construct and known-group validity. The Malay-AQoL-6D's psychometric properties remained consistent across different missing data techniques. Conclusion: The findings suggest that Malay-AQoL-6D could be a culturally acceptable, reliable, and valid HRQoL measure for quantifying HRQoL among the local HF population. Future studies are necessary to further validate the instrument against other measures and confirm the instrument's test-retest reliability and responsiveness, which are possible with the availability of the Malay-AQoL-6D. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Depression and anxiety symptoms among medical students are often a concern. The Patient Health Questionnaire-Four (PHQ-4), an important tool for depression and anxiety screening, is commonly used and easy to administer. This study aimed to assess and update the longitudinal measurement invariance and psychometric properties of the simplified Chinese version. Methods: A three-wave longitudinal survey was conducted among healthcare students using the PHQ-4. Structural validity was based on one-factor, two-factor, and second-order factor models, construct validity was based on the Self-Rated Health Questionnaire (SRHQ), Sleep Quality Questionnaire (SQQ), and Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES), and longitudinal measurement invariance (LMI), internal consistency, and test–retest reliability were based on structural consistency across three time points. Results: The results of the confirmatory factor analysis indicated that two-factor model was the best fit, and LMI was supported at three time points. Inter-factor, factor-total, and construct validity correlations of the PHQ-4 were acceptable. Additionally, Cronbach's alpha, McDonald's omega, and the intraclass correlation coefficient demonstrated acceptable/moderate to excellent reliability of the PHQ-4. Conclusions: This study adds new longitudinal evidence that the Chinese version of the PHQ-4 has promising LMI and psychometric properties. Such data lends confidence to the routine and the expanded use of the PHQ-4 for routine screening of depression and anxiety in Chinese healthcare students. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and objective: This cross-sectional study aimed to provide a scale to assess different aspects of the will based on Roberto Assagioli's theory. Methods and results: The scale development followed three steps. Step 1 focused on operationalizing the construct and developing the items. It was carried out through several phases of item generation and refinement, resulting in a pool of 38 items. At Step 2 we tested the psychometric properties of the initial 38-item scale with the goal of excluding the items that weakened the structural validity and reliability of the scale. Descriptive, internal consistency, and exploratory factor analyses statistics were computed on a large sample (Sample 1: N = 587; age: M = 21.55, SD = 4.14, 66% female) and they led to a five-dimension model (Strong, Skillful, Good toward Self and Other, and Transpersonal Will) and the exclusion of 15 items. Analyses conducted at Step 3 on a different sample (Sample 2: N = 683; age: M = 34.09, SD = 16.27, 54% female) allowed for further refinement of the scale. Confirmatory factor analysis conducted on the resulting 19-item scale showed a good fit for the five-factor model (χ2 (142) = 507.63, p<.001, TLI =.91; CFI =.93; RMSEA =.06 [90%CI:.06‒.07]), and evidence of its invariance across genders and ages was provided. Reliability indices (internal consistency and intraclass correlation coefficients) were adequate (ranging from.66 to.83) and correlations with measures of related constructs supported the external validity of the scale. Conclusion: This study provides researchers, therapists, and counselors with an efficient measurement tool to assess Assagioli's construct of will. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The rise of the internet and social media has led to increased interest among diabetes patients in using technology for information gathering and disease management. However, adequate eHealth literacy is crucial for protecting patients from unreliable diabetes-related information online. Objective: To examine the psychometric characteristics and explore the preliminary validity of the Persian version of the Condition-specific eHealth Literacy Scale for Diabetes (Persian CeHLS-D) to assess eHealth literacy in the context of diabetes care. Methods: After adapting, translating, examining content validity, and pilot testing the questionnaire, it was administered to 300 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Construct validity was assessed through confirmatory factor analysis, convergent and known-groups validity. The internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha), composite reliability and maximum reliability, and test-retest correlation were assessed. Results: Factor analysis supported the hypothesized two-factor model with 10 items, and the standardized factor loadings ranged from 0.44 to 0.86 (P-values < 0.001). Cronbach's alpha and test-retest correlation were good for each factor. Convergent validity was confirmed by significant correlations of Persian CeHLS-D with diabetes health literacy, perceived usefulness and importance of using the internet for health information, internet anxiety, and perceived physical and mental health. Know-groups validity determined using groups with different internet-use frequencies, and different attitudes towards providing online healthcare services, were satisfied. Conclusion: This study demonstrated the Persian CeHLS-D as a reliable and valid measure of eHealth literacy among patients with T2DM in Iran. Its satisfactory psychometric properties support its use in research and clinical settings to assess eHealth literacy and inform interventions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed at investigating the impact of job crafting (cognitive, task, and relational crafting) on the satisfaction of healthcare workers in public hospitals in Lagos, Nigeria. The study utilised data gathered from 725 public healthcare workers in public hospitals using a well-structured 5-point Likert scale questionnaire as the research instrument. The study employed mixed method of data collection, comprising purposive, stratified, and convenience methods of data collection. The research tools employed include Cronbach's Alpha Analysis, Explanatory Factor Analysis, Confirmatory Factor Analysis and Structural Equation Modeling. Findings revealed that job crafting significantly impacted the satisfaction of healthcare workers, with relational crafting having the highest significant impact, followed by cognitive and task crafting. The study concluded that job crafting significantly impacts healthcare workers' satisfaction and, however, recommends that positive workplace culture be encouraged; emphasis should be placed on encouraging things like work-life balance, inspiring leadership, transparent communication, and employee appreciation, and a good and positive work environment be provided for the healthcare workers to maximise their full potential. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Clinica y Salud is the property of Colegio Oficial de Psicologos de Madrid and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Theoretical Educational Science / Kuramsal Eğitimbilim Dergisi is the property of Afyon Kocatepe University, Faculty of Education and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

OBJECTIVE To translate and validate the heat wave knowledge, awareness, practice and behavior scale (HWKAPBS) in Greek. METHOD We conducted a cross-sectional study in Greece with a convenience sample of 147 individuals. We assessed test-retest reliability, internal reliability, face validity and construct validity. We calculated intraclass correlation coefficients, the Kuder-Richardson Formula 20, and Cronbach's coefficient alpha. Moreover, we performed confirmatory factor analysis to assess the construct validity of the HWKAPBS. RESULTS Intraclass correlation coefficients for the four constructs (knowledge, awareness, practice, behavior) ranged from 0.918 to 0.993 (p<0.001 in all cases). All model fit indices in the confirmatory factor analysis were acceptable. Thus, confirmatory factor analysis confirmed the structure of the original version of the HWKAPBS with the four structures: knowledge, awareness, practice and behavior. Correlations between awareness, practice and behavior constructs were very high and statistically significant (p<0.001 in all cases). Kuder-Richardson Formula 20 for the knowledge construct was 0.611. Moreover, Cronbach's coefficients alpha for the awareness, practice and behavior constructs were 0.929, 0.866, and 0.766, respectively. CONCLUSIONS The HWKAPBS is a brief, reliable and valid tool to measure knowledge, attitudes and practice of the general public about heat waves. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Physical comparison may be a factor in body dissatisfaction and related issues, like eating disorders and depression. The Physical Appearance Comparison Scale-Revised (PACS-R) is a scale developed to assess the frequency of physical comparison. Because there is no validated scale for body comparison in Arabic, this study aims to address this gap by validating the PACS-R in the Arabic language. Methods: The PACS-R was translated to Arabic following a conventional forward-backward translation procedure, and was administered to a sample of 359 Lebanese adults along with The Depression Anxiety Stress Scale, and the Rosenberg self-esteem scale (RSES) for convergent validity. The factor structure was studied by confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), and composite reliability was assessed using McDonald's omega and Cronbach's alpha. Results: Results suggested a one-factor structure of the Arabic PACS-R, with good internal consistency (McDonald's ω = 0.97 / Cronbach α = 0.97). Measurement invariance was established across sex groups, with no significant difference being reported between males and females in terms of PACS-R scores (15.42 ± 10.64 vs. 13.16 ± 11.88; t(357) = 1.84; p =.066). Finally, adequate convergent validity was tested and found to be adequate, with PACS-R scores found to be correlated negatively with self-esteem and positively with psychological distress. Conclusion: The present findings preliminarily establish the Arabic PACS-R as an effective instrument for researchers and practitioners aiming to explore the physical comparison among Arabic-speaking populations, thus contributing to research and clinical work in the Arabic community. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this study is to develop a scale to measure the extent of initiative taking behaviors displayed by hospital personnel, while also investigating the effects of emotional labor on such initiative taking behaviors. The development of the initiative taking scale (ITS) was undertaken among healthcare workers to achieve this objective. The research sample comprised 769 clinical and administrative personnel employed in four public hospitals and one private hospital operating in Istanbul. The exploratory factor analysis (EFA) yielded the ITS, which comprises 5 dimensions and 34 items: perceived organizational support, individual competency, willingness to take risks, job autonomy, and failure related trust to supervisor. The Cronbach's alpha coefficients for the scale dimensions, accounting for 53.02% of the overall variance, varied from .67 to .90. The total of Cronbach's alpha coefficient for scale was found to be .93. A confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was performed to test the fit of the theoretical model with the data, and it was determined to be a satisfactory fit. The criterion-related validity for ITS was tested using the emotional labor scale (ELS). The results revealed statistically significant positive correlations between all dimensions of both scales, indicating the existence of criterion-related validity. In addition to descriptive statistics, variance analyses were performed, and the effect of emotional labor on initiative taking behavior was measured by structural equation modeling (SEM) path analysis. It was inferred that the ITS developed for healthcare workers is a valid and reliable measurement tool based on statistical data. The SEM path analysis revealed a significant effect of emotional labor on the initiative taking behavior of hospital personnel. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: To evaluate the validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the Symptoms of Lower Urinary Tract Dysfunction Research Network Symptom Index-10 (LURN SI-10). Materials and methods: In this, single-centre study, patients between 18 and 65 years old, who were suffering from lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) without any known urinary tract disease and on no medication, were enrolled. The control group consisted of participants, who were admitted to our clinic suffering from any complaint except LUTS and met all of the other inclusion and exclusion criteria. Participants' demographics such as age, sex, and level of education were recorded. The Turkish version of the LURN SI-10, International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) and Overactive Bladder Questionnaire (OAB-V8) were administered to all participants. Construct validity was evaluated by confirmatory factor analysis and concurrent validity was evaluated with correlations to similar measures. Internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha) was used to establish the scale's internal consistency reliability. Results: A total of 164 participants were included in the final analysis. Of those, 57% were male. The individuals were identified as being in the "patient group" (n = 86) and a "control group" (n = 78). The mean age was 48.24 ± 14.30 years. The median total LURN SI-10 scores of patient group and control group were 12.0 (9-18.25) and 4.0 (2.75-6), respectively. The LURN SI-10 questionnaire showed a high correlation with the IPSS and the OAB-V8 questionnaires (r: 0.761; p: 0.001; r: 0.737; p: 0.001, respectively) in concurrent validity analysis. Cronbach's alpha coefficient of the LURN SI-10 was 0.850. Conclusions: This promising measurement tool can be used to evaluate LUTS in Turkish women and men. Further studies should be conducted to assess the clinical usefulness of this questionnaire. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Purpose: Clinical reasoning for nurses is considered a valuable component of clinical nursing competencies, but there are few tools to ascertain this. This study tested the Italian Nurses Clinical Reasoning Scale (I-NCRS) psychometric properties based on Levett-Jones' theoretical clinical reasoning model. Methods: Content, face, and construct characteristics were ascertained for their validity. The study had a two-phase design: (a) content and face validity and (b) construct validity. Results: Three factors emerged from the factorial analysis of our reference sample: nursing problems of health, nursing information of health, and nursing assessment of health. Conclusions: The scale represents a valuable tool for the self-assessment of the clinical reasoning skills of nurses. I-NCRS showed evidence of validity and reliability, being also useful for assessing clinical reasoning for educational and research purposes among Italian nurses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The Rosenberg self-esteem scale (RSES) is a commonly employed instrument for measuring self-esteem in the general population and those with mental illness. However, confirmatory factor analyses (CFA) to determine the structural validity of the RSES for schizophrenia patients in Indonesia are limited. Objectives: We examined the structural validity of the RSES as a measurement for patients with schizophrenia in Indonesia through confirmatory factor analyses (CFA), as well as assessing internal consistency and reliability. Methods: The sample comprised 260 participants. Over two weeks, 30 subjects were added to investigate test-retest reliability. The structural validity analyzed was based on a CFA to determine the model fit. We used internal consistency (Ordinal alpha) to evaluate the reliability evidence. Results: Four different models were analyzed in this study. Considering the single-factor model (Model 1a), the overall fit criteria were inadequate. However, after some modification indices, all fit criteria were significantly adequate (Model 1b). The adequacy of all fit standards remained satisfactory when the two-factor model (Model 2) and hierarchical model (Model 3) were applied. The RSES had an ordinal alpha coefficient of 0.75. While 0.89 and 0.88 for the positive and negative self-esteem subscale, respectively. Test-retest reliability yielded adequate results with an interclass correlation score ranging from 0.87 to 0.93. Conclusions: The current investigation provided evidence supporting the structural validity, internal consistency, and reliability of the RSES, indicating that the RSES can be considered a valid and reliable measurement. A two-factor model of RSES was an appropriate model to measure self-esteem in our study. This finding suggests that the use of the RSES is beneficial and applicable in assessing levels of self-esteem in individuals diagnosed with schizophrenia in Indonesia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

aimei Li,1,2 Mengjie Zhao,1,2 Min Dong,1,2 Feifei Si,1,2 Lu Liu,1,2 Yufeng Wang,1,2 Qiujin Qian1,21Peking University Sixth Hospital/ Institute of Mental Health, Beijing, 100191, People's Republic of China; 2NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital), Beijing, 100191, People's Republic of China Correspondence: Qiujin Qian, Peking University Sixth Hospital/ Institute of Mental Health, No. 51 Hua Yuan Bei Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, People's Republic of China, Email [email protected] Purpose: With the further development of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) research, more and more assessment tools related to ADHD have been used. However, there is still no measurement instrument to evaluate the compensatory behavior of ADHD in China. This study aimed to examine the reliability and validity of the Compensatory ADHD Behaviors Scale (CABS) adapted in Chinese and explore ecological characteristics in adults with ADHD using the CABS. Patients and Methods: Data were collected from a sample of 306 adults (Mage = 26.43 years, SD = 5.32; 46.08% male). The original version CABS was translated into Chinese using the forward and backward translation procedures. Participants completed the CABS and questionnaires assessing ADHD symptoms and executive function. We utilized content validity, exploratory factor analysis (EFA), confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), and criterion validity to test the validity. Internal consistency and test-retest reliability were employed to test the reliability. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was employed to compare ADHD subgroups based on gender, ADHD subtype, comorbidities, and medication status, while controlling for demographic variables as covariates. Results: CABS exhibited good construct validity (two factors: present-oriented and future-oriented), content validity (content validity index: 0.98), internal consistency reliability (Cronbach's alpha coefficient: 0.85 to 0.87) and test-retest reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient: 0.59 to 0.88). The results of CFA showed acceptable fitness for each subscale. CABS demonstrated significant associations with inattention symptoms and plan/organizational abilities. Medicated ADHD individuals scored higher on future-oriented effectiveness subscale of CABS than non-medicated (F = 6.106, p = 0.014). Conclusion: The results indicate that the Chinese CABS exhibited good validity and reliability. It can be considered a valid tool for assessing compensatory behaviors in Chinese adults with ADHD. Further research is needed to explore the connection between medication and compensatory behavior. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research study aimed to assess the reliability and validity of the Turkish version of the Vaccine Acceptance Instrument (VAI). The VAI is a 20-item Likert-type scale, with responses ranging across seven points. A systematic approach was followed to translate the scale into Turkish, involving translation, expert panel evaluation, back-translation, and pilot testing. The Vaccine Acceptance Instrument and a sociodemographic data form were used for data collection. The reliability of the scale was tested by test–retest analysis, and its internal reliability was examined by Cronbach's alpha test. The factor structure was examined using Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA). Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) was employed to assess the scale's fit. Overall, 229 participants were included in the study. In test–retest reliability analysis, the intraclass correlation coefficient of the scale was 0.992 (95% CI: 0.987–0.996). The Cronbach's alpha value of the scale was 0.824. A four-factor structure was determined. The model had an acceptable fit [χ2/df = 380.04/164 (2,317) p < 0.001, CFI = 0.91, GFI = 0.90, AGFI = 0.906, NFI = 0.90, RMSEA = 0.076]. The mean total VAI score was 112.71 ± 17.02. The low education level of the mother, being a housewife, and parents not having the COVID-19 vaccine were statistically significantly associated with a low scale score and low vaccine acceptance (p < 0.05). The Turkish adaptation of the VAI demonstrated satisfactory levels of validity and reliability following rigorous testing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]