5 results on '"Patel, Zara M."'
Search Results
2. Use of platelet-rich plasma for COVID-19-related olfactory loss: a randomized controlled trial.
- Author
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Yan CH, Jang SS, Lin HC, Ma Y, Khanwalkar AR, Thai A, and Patel ZM
- Subjects
- Humans, Anosmia therapy, Smell physiology, Olfaction Disorders therapy, COVID-19 therapy, Platelet-Rich Plasma
- Abstract
Introduction: The current study evaluated the use of platelet-rich plasma (PRP), an autologous blood product with supraphysiologic concentrations of growth factors, in the treatment of prolonged coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-related smell loss., Methods: This multi-institutional, randomized controlled trial recruited patients with COVID-19 who had objectively measured smell loss (University of Pennsylvania Smell Identification Test [UPSIT] ≤ 33) between 6 and 12 months. Patients were randomized to three intranasal injections of either PRP or sterile saline into their olfactory clefts. The primary outcome measure was change in Sniffin' Sticks score (threshold, discrimination, and identification [TDI]) from baseline. The secondary end point measures included responder rate (achievement of a clinically significant improvement, ≥5.5 points TDI), change in individual TDI olfaction scores, and change in subjective olfaction via a visual analog scale., Results: A total of 35 patients were recruited and 26 completed the study. PRP treatment resulted in a 3.67-point (95% CI: 0.05-7.29, p = 0.047) greater improvement in olfaction compared with the placebo group at 3 months and a higher response rate (57.1% vs 8.3%, odds ratio 12.5 [95% exact bootstrap confidence interval, 2.2-116.7]). There was a greater improvement in smell discrimination following PRP treatment compared with placebo but no difference in smell identification or threshold. There was no difference in subjective scores between PRP and placebo. No adverse effects were reported., Conclusion: Olfactory function following COVID-19 can improve spontaneously after 6 months and can improve to a greater extent with PRP injection. These data build on the promise of PRP to be a safe potential treatment option for patients with COVID-19-related smell loss, and larger-powered studies will help further assess its efficacy., (© 2022 ARS-AAOA, LLC.)
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Determinants of SARS-CoV-2 entry and replication in airway mucosal tissue and susceptibility in smokers.
- Author
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Nakayama T, Lee IT, Jiang S, Matter MS, Yan CH, Overdevest JB, Wu CT, Goltsev Y, Shih LC, Liao CK, Zhu B, Bai Y, Lidsky P, Xiao Y, Zarabanda D, Yang A, Easwaran M, Schürch CM, Chu P, Chen H, Stalder AK, McIlwain DR, Borchard NA, Gall PA, Dholakia SS, Le W, Xu L, Tai CJ, Yeh TH, Erickson-Direnzo E, Duran JM, Mertz KD, Hwang PH, Haslbauer JD, Jackson PK, Menter T, Andino R, Canoll PD, DeConde AS, Patel ZM, Tzankov A, Nolan GP, and Nayak JV
- Subjects
- Aged, Aged, 80 and over, COVID-19 genetics, COVID-19 metabolism, Female, Gene Expression Regulation, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Nasal Cavity metabolism, SARS-CoV-2 physiology, Trachea metabolism, Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 genetics, COVID-19 transmission, Respiratory Mucosa metabolism, Serine Endopeptidases genetics, Smokers, Viral Tropism
- Abstract
Understanding viral tropism is an essential step toward reducing severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) transmission, decreasing mortality from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and limiting opportunities for mutant strains to arise. Currently, little is known about the extent to which distinct tissue sites in the human head and neck region and proximal respiratory tract selectively permit SARS-CoV-2 infection and replication. In this translational study, we discover key variabilities in expression of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) and transmembrane serine protease 2 (TMPRSS2), essential SARS-CoV-2 entry factors, among the mucosal tissues of the human proximal airways. We show that SARS-CoV-2 infection is present in all examined head and neck tissues, with a notable tropism for the nasal cavity and tracheal mucosa. Finally, we uncover an association between smoking and higher SARS-CoV-2 viral infection in the human proximal airway, which may explain the increased susceptibility of smokers to developing severe COVID-19. This is at least partially explained by differences in interferon (IFN)-β1 levels between smokers and non-smokers., Competing Interests: I.T.L. is currently an employee and shareholder of Moderna, although this work was conducted prior to/independent of his employment. I.T.L. had also received research support unrelated to this study from Genentech (Roche). Moderna did not fund or participate in this study in any form., (© 2021.)
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Use of platelet-rich plasma for COVID-19-related olfactory loss: a randomized controlled trial
- Author
-
Yan, Carol H, Jang, Sophie S, Lin, Hung-Fu C, Ma, Yifei, Khanwalkar, Ashoke R, Thai, Anthony, and Patel, Zara M
- Subjects
PRP ,Platelet-Rich Plasma ,Anosmia ,Clinical Trials and Supportive Activities ,Immunology ,Neurosciences ,COVID-19 ,Evaluation of treatments and therapeutic interventions ,Smell ,Olfaction Disorders ,persistent olfactory dysfunction ,smell loss ,Clinical Research ,6.1 Pharmaceuticals ,Behavioral and Social Science ,post COVID syndrome ,therapeutics ,Humans ,long COVID ,olfaction ,Cancer - Abstract
IntroductionThe current study evaluated the use of platelet-rich plasma (PRP), an autologous blood product with supraphysiologic concentrations of growth factors, in the treatment of prolonged coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-related smell loss.MethodsThis multi-institutional, randomized controlled trial recruited patients with COVID-19 who had objectively measured smell loss (University of Pennsylvania Smell Identification Test [UPSIT]≤33) between 6 and 12 months. Patients were randomized to three intranasal injections of either PRP or sterile saline into their olfactory clefts. The primary outcome measure was change in Sniffin' Sticks score (threshold, discrimination, and identification [TDI]) from baseline. The secondary end point measures included responder rate (achievement of a clinically significant improvement, ≥5.5 points TDI), change in individual TDI olfaction scores, and change in subjective olfaction via a visual analog scale.ResultsA total of 35 patients were recruited and 26 completed the study. PRP treatment resulted in a 3.67-point (95% CI: 0.05-7.29, p=0.047) greater improvement in olfaction compared with the placebo group at 3 months and a higher response rate (57.1% vs 8.3%, odds ratio 12.5 [95% exact bootstrap confidence interval, 2.2-116.7]). There was a greater improvement in smell discrimination following PRP treatment compared with placebo but no difference in smell identification or threshold. There was no difference in subjective scores between PRP and placebo. No adverse effects were reported.ConclusionOlfactory function following COVID-19 can improve spontaneously after 6 months and can improve to a greater extent with PRP injection. These data build on the promise of PRP to be a safe potential treatment option for patients with COVID-19-related smell loss, and larger-powered studies will help further assess its efficacy.
- Published
- 2023
5. Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome is common in post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection (PASC): Results from a post-COVID-19 multidisciplinary clinic.
- Author
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Bonilla, Hector, Quach, Tom C., Tiwari, Anushri, Bonilla, Andres E., Miglis, Mitchell, Yang, Phillip C., Eggert, Lauren E., Sharifi, Husham, Horomanski, Audra, Subramanian, Aruna, Smirnoff, Liza, Simpson, Norah, Halawi, Houssan, Sum-ping, Oliver, Kalinowski, Agnieszka, Patel, Zara M., Shafer, Robert William, and Geng, Linda N.
- Subjects
POST-acute COVID-19 syndrome ,CHRONIC fatigue syndrome ,COVID-19 pandemic ,COVID-19 ,FATIGUE (Physiology) - Abstract
Background: The global prevalence of PASC is estimated to be present in 0·43 and based on theWHO estimation of 470million worldwide COVID-19 infections, corresponds to around 200 million people experiencing long COVID symptoms. Despite this, its clinical features are not well-defined. Methods: We collected retrospective data from 140 patients with PASC in a post-COVID-19 clinic on demographics, risk factors, illness severity (graded as one-mild to five-severe), functional status, and 29 symptoms and principal component symptoms cluster analysis. The Institute of Medicine (IOM) 2015 criteria were used to determine the Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/CFS) phenotype. Findings: The median age was 47 years, 59.0% were female; 49.3% White, 17.2% Hispanic, 14.9% Asian, and 6.7% Black. Only 12.7% required hospitalization. Seventy-two (53.5%) patients had no known comorbid conditions. Forty-five (33.9%) were significantly debilitated. Themedian duration of symptoms was 285.5 days, and the number of symptoms was 12. The most common symptoms were fatigue (86.5%), post-exertional malaise (82.8%), brain fog (81.2%), unrefreshing sleep (76.7%), and lethargy (74.6%). Forty-three percent fit the criteria for ME/CFS, majority were female, and obesity (BMI > 30 Kg/m2) (P = 0.00377895) and worse functional status (P = 0.0110474) were significantly associated with ME/CFS. Interpretations: Most PASC patients evaluated at our clinic had no comorbid condition and were not hospitalized for acute COVID-19. One-third of patients experienced a severe decline in their functional status. About 43% had the ME/CFS subtype. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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