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For the forty-fifth time, the Association for Educational Communications and Technology (AECT) is sponsoring the publication of these Proceedings. Papers published in this volume were presented online and onsite during the annual AECT Convention. The Proceedings of AECT's Convention are published in two volumes. Volume #1 contains papers dealing primarily with research and development topics. Papers dealing with the practice of instructional technology including instruction and training issues are contained in Volume #2. This year, both volumes are included in one document.

This research article examines self-challenge, self-flexibility, and self-recognition as the first set of variables, and its relationship with entrepreneurial self-efficacy and entrepreneurial intention as the second set of variables. This research was conducted on business-management students at the Faculty of Economics and Business, State University of Malang. The subjects in the study had taken entrepreneurship courses and entrepreneurship programs held on campus. There were 113 students who participated voluntarily as research respondents. Data were collected using the Google form and analyzed with canonical correlation to examine the relationship between the two sets of variables. The research results reveal that there is a relationship between the two sets of variables, and there is a congruence in direction between the two sets of variables. [This paper was published in: "Proceedings of the BISTIC Business Innovation Sustainability and Technology International Conference (BISTIC 2023)," edited by I. Zutiasari and D. T. Kurniawan, 2023, pp. 123-31.]

Indonesia is a democratic country where the majority of the population is Muslim. This constitution guarantees freedom of worship for all Indonesian people, according to their religion or belief. It was also stated that the state is based on faith in "Belief in the One and Only God" (former of the first precepts of Pancasila, the philosophy of the Indonesian state). This paper is the result of a mini-research to identify phenomena that occur in adolescents related to religious beliefs in everyday life. This belief is manifested through expectations and the learning process they experience. This study involved 268 students, 46 people (17.2%) were scholarship recipients from BAZNAS (zakat institution). The data shows that not all constructs (four statements) refer to religious beliefs, so they must be removed for further research. The results of the study showed a high level of religious belief, the routine of carrying out rituals of worship, so that belief as a source of life decisions can influence a person's learning process while studying. On the other hand, a person's faith in his religion can also affect the extent of a teenager's optimism in achieving his life goals. [For the full proceedings, see ED652261.]

"Balai Besar Guru Penggerak Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta (BBGP DIY)" conducted a professional development course aimed at enhancing primary school teachers' capacity to develop and implement STEM lesson plans in their classrooms. As part of the course, teachers were asked to record their lessons, which were later analysed to identify the mathematical content involved and how teachers delivered this content during the STEM lessons. The findings indicated that, although mathematics appeared to be less pivotal than other STEM disciplines in the lesson plans, the STEM activities provided rich opportunities for developing students' mathematical content knowledge. Most of the teachers realised this and were able to deliver the mathematical content within the context of STEM education. This paper presents an insight into how primary school teachers in Indonesia deliver mathematical content in their STEM lessons and highlights the role of mathematics in STEM education.

Reading can be a way to increase students' social interaction and writing, especially for the need to continue to a higher level of education. Students with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) show deficits in reading skills. Recent research shows that there is heterogeneity in this population, which is accompanied by a lack of personalized learning facilities. That way, there is a gap between students, learning, and the support they need. This research aims to produce a curriculum design based on personalized learning with the help of interactive media in beginning reading skills. The curriculum development model used is the Nicolls model. The results of the study show that curriculum development using the Nicholls model can be used for curriculum development in Special Schools (SLB). This is because the model emphasizes contexts and situations where curriculum decisions need to be made. In addition, the results of a limited trial show that this curriculum design is effective for students with ASD. This can be seen from the increase in student learning outcomes in beginning reading skills, especially in introducing words, syllables, and letters. Future research is described in this paper. [For the full proceedings, see ED654100.]

The outbreak of COVID-19 pandemic affects educational system around the world. Online learning is no longer an option, but a compulsory during this pandemic. This paper is to identify how far synchronous online learning in English as foreign language learning at higher education implemented. This study focuses on the use of Zoom meeting platform as technological devices that supports synchronous online learning as well as identifying the students' perception and challenges faced by both lecturers and students in Indonesia. This study applies systemic literature review (SLR) approach by collecting research articles from Google Scholar indexed database. There are twenty-seven articles published in 2020-2022 that meet the criteria which are reviewed. This paper results the voices from students related to the advantages and disadvantages during using using Zoom Meeting platform in EFL classroom as well as the challenges faced by both lecturers and students. The result of this paper can provide insight toward the use of Zoom Meeting platform as technological devices that can be adopted as synchronous teaching tool during social distancing. However, the Zoom user should consider the availability of stable internet connection and teachers' and students' readiness.

It is expected that students who learn Indonesian will be able to communicate both orally and in writing. However, students continue to face numerous difficulties when confronted with Indonesian conversation, such as feeling uncomfortable, stammering, or simply remaining silent when they are asked about their opinions. As such, this study will consolidate the findings of past studies on the topic of increasing speaking skills, particularly for elementary school students, using a literature review technique. This study collects data from Google Scholars and papers published in 2020-2021 which are filtered using the keyword "speaking skills for elementary school students." The study's findings suggest the need for role models and learning material that are age-appropriate for elementary school students. The range of enjoyable learning models, distinctive learning media, and even the combination of various models and media can serve as references for teachers aiming for establishing a meaningful learning environment, particularly for elementary school students looking to enhance their speaking skills. [For the full proceedings, see ED630948.]

As the whole learning ecosystem is changing because of COVID-19 pandemic outbreak, education institutions and teachers are demanded to cope with technology for online learning and give the best learning experience to their students. The aim of this research is to identify synchronous and asynchronous online learning in English language classrooms in Indonesian schools and universities during COVID-19 pandemic, focusing on technological applications used and challenges faced by both teachers and students. By implementing Systematic Literature Review (SLR) approach from Indonesian Science and Technology Index known as SINTA and SCOPUS database, 31 research papers published between 2020-2022 in the Indonesian context are selected. This research creates a table of synchronous and asynchronous online learning applications used in English language classrooms as well as activities done and challenges faced by both teachers and students during COVID-19 pandemic in the Indonesian context. The results of this research can be used by relevant stakeholders to help incorporate a balanced synchronous and asynchronous online learning in their English language classrooms as well as anticipate and prepare for future learning in their respective schools and universities, especially after COVID-19 pandemic.

Timely analysis of trends and issues in TVE can help TVE stakeholders cope with rather than oppose them. Educating in the direction of the trend and resolving the important issues can maximize TVE's chance of success. The purpose of this paper was to identify trends and issues in the TVE in 10 Indo-Pacific countries. To achieve this purpose, a cross-country analysis with a word cloud analysis was employed. Consequently, the following nine trends were identified: (1) Accelerated adaptation to emerging technologies and the evolution of industry; (2) Improving or diversifying TVE accessibility and increasing the enrollment rate; (3) Enhancing alignment between the TVE and higher education sectors; (4) Promoting employment-based, work-based, or competency-based learning models; (5) Strengthening TVE educators'/trainers' practical skills, industrial working experience, or qualification requirements; (6) Gearing TVE with lifelong learning; (7) Encouraging employer or industry involvement in TVE; (8) Enhancing quality assurance and autonomy in the TVE system; and (9) Providing more career counseling or career exploration. In addition, the following six issues were identified: (1) TVE does not have the same positive public image as academic education; (2) Insufficiency of qualified TVE trainers/teachers; (3) Extreme challenges to teach hands-on skills online; (4) Weak involvement of social partners; (5) Fragmentation of TVET management; and (6) The continued lack of a well-constructed qualification framework and quality assurance system.

In this plenary discussion, Dr. Chao presents his research framework and reflections from engaging in Digital Mathematics Storytelling within Black, Asian American, and Asian American communities in multiple countries. The framework, based heavily around storytelling, counter-storytelling, and Critical Race Theory, has been employed as a workshop to elicit mathematics video stories from youth and mathematics teachers. Here, Dr. Chao reflects on what he's learned from these workshops and how he's started to recognize not only the power of storytelling for forging mathematics and community identities, but the dangers to our society because of social media and weaponized uses of mobile video everywhere. He ends by calling for a new critical digital media literacy within our field of mathematics education. [For the complete proceedings, see ED657822.]

The research was conducted to examine whether the implementation of Collaborative Strategic Reading (CSR) was effective to enhance students' reading comprehension viewed from self-efficacy. This research was a quasi-experimental design, which consisted of 60 senior high school students in the eastern part of Indonesia, specifically Lombok. The participants were selected by purposive sampling technique, the participants were divided into two groups: the experimental group taught by CSR as the treatment, and the control group taught by the previous teacher's strategy that was Student Team Learning (STL). To obtain the data of this research, the instruments used were 25 items of reading comprehension based on the indicators of reading and 25 questionnaires used the likert scale test to see the level of self-efficacy of the participants. Furthermore, a two-way ANOVA and descriptive test were used to analyze the data. Finally, the results showed that Collaborative Strategic Reading (CSR) was significantly effective to improve students' reading comprehension. In addition, there was an interaction between teaching strategy and self-efficacy towards students' reading comprehension. [For the full proceedings, see ED652261.]

Mathematical representation includes the process of transforming problems or ideas into new forms, including changing pictures or physical models into symbols, words, or sentences that can facilitate students in solving mathematical problems. Pythagorean Theorem material is widely used in analytic geometry, so this material becomes important for students in understanding geometric concepts which makes this material a prerequisite material. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to describe the ability of students' mathematical representations in solving mathematical problems in the Pythagorean theorem material. The research method used in this study was qualitative with the subject of the research being class IX students at one of the junior high schools in Bandung City, totaling 28 people. From the research that has been done, it is concluded that the description of the most dominant mathematical representation ability lies in the low ability of students to present mathematical ideas contained in the problem in the form of image representation so that students are not facilitated in solving a problem presented. In addition, there are still students who experience errors in solving problems involving arithmetic symbols (symbolic representation). In answering questions related to contextual problems, there are still students who have not been able to optimally use representations to model and interpret mathematical phenomena. [For the full proceedings, see ED652261.]

Karate martial arts is one of the full body contact martial arts. In karate martial arts there are two types of categories namely Kata (art) and Kumite (fighting). In the kumite/fight (fighter) class, its success is greatly influenced by kime. The "kime" process occurs due to movements performed with speed, explosive power and strength occurring simultaneously by following the rules in the match. The biomotor component of speed plays a role in the development of karateka's potential to become athletes who excel both nationally and internationally. Speed is not only emphasized in athletes but also in those who want to learn karate both at elementary school, junior high school, high school and college levels. Therefore, speed training must have many models and coaches must be innovative in creating speed training models for high school students by paying attention to the anatomical structure and physiology as well as the biomechanics of motion according to the speed needs in karate martial arts. And the discussion in this study is 1) how is the speed transfer in karate martial arts at the high school level? 2) How do karate martial arts athletes respond to speed training provided by the coach? This research uses qualitative research. The sample was athletes aged 15-17 years or athletes in high school and coaches who train in high school. Information was collected using observation sheets and questionnaires. From the investigation it was found that: 1) routine and programmed training is carried out at the training ground 2) training still uses the old model and has not adjusted as the needs of the altet and gives the impression of monotony so that athletes easily feel bored. [For the full proceedings, see ED652261.]

This article investigates the incorporation of loose parts as a means to enhance student creativity within educational environments. Loose parts refer to flexible, movable objects that can be manipulated, combined, and repurposed in various ways. The study delves into the theoretical underpinnings that support the connection between loose parts and creativity, highlighting the significance of hands-on, interactive learning experiences. The research employed a quantitative approach to assess the improvement in students' creativity, utilizing t-test as the measurement tool. The analysis technique employed non-parametric inferential statistics and involved a sample of 20 students from Junior High School 4 in Malang. The findings of this study indicated a notable increase in student creativity through the implementation of loose parts in the learning process. Consequently, based on these results, it is recommended that educators consider incorporating loose parts to foster creativity among students. [For the full proceedings, see ED652261.]

The aim of this study is to develop a learning media on teaching Descriptive Text for first grader of Senior High School. This study was conducted with Research & Development (R&D) design. The source of the data are the students of one of Islamic senior high schools in Indonesia which consists of thirty-two students. To collect the data, online questionnaire for the students was administered to obtain the students' needs of learning media to learn descriptive text in the classroom and an interview with the classroom teacher was also conducted. Several procedures were conducted to develop the learning media as follows: Evaluation and Needs Analysis, Learning Media Design, Learning Media Development, Validation by Experts, Revision and Final Product. After accomplishing the Evaluation and Needs Analysis, it was found that the existing learning media used in the classroom to teach Descriptive Text was not interesting for most students and unable to enhance their ability especially in Speaking skills. It can be shown from the result of the questionnaire that 87.5% of students need a learning media to help them in improving their ability in English especially in descriptive text topic, and 46.9% of students prefer Speaking Board Game as their learning media. The product has been validated by experts respectively an English lecturer and an English teacher. The product result is Speaking Board Game which is the modified version of Snake and Ladder game acclimated with the basic competence of K13. The result of experts' validation showed that the learning media produced classified as an appropriate media to be used on speaking descriptive text by obtaining the average percentage 95.1% or categorized as excellent. [For the full proceedings, see ED652261.]

Because of the condition of limited gross motor learning, especially in basic movements based on the play method for children aged (5-6 years) is the main problem in this study. This study aims to develop a learning model for non-locomotor, locomotor and manipulative basic movements as an effort to improve basic movement skills in students and increase children's interest in doing basic movement activities. The type of research adapted is Research and Development (R&D). The subjects used for the small scale test amounted to 5 people, the large scale test was 20 people while the effectiveness test involved 25 of the students and educators at Al Amin Kindergarten. Martapura. Instruments for product assessment tests using questionnaires and questionnaires. Thus, this study provides evidence that the development of a 5-6 year old basic motion play model can be used continuously to improve the quality of motion of 5-6 year old students. [For the full proceedings, see ED652261.]

The 21st century learning leads to create new skill of students, so the Indonesian government offers the new curriculum. In vocational school, project-based learning for the subject of the "Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam dan Sosial" (IPAS) Project is required to increase the creativity of student. Informations about the perspective of vocational teachers to conduct these learnings require to be elaborated more deeply. This research aims to describe the perspective of teachers to Kurikulum 2022. This study is phenomonology research. Participants of this study were 8 teachers of IPAS Project for vocational high school, in Indonesia. The data was collected by interviews. Data analysis was performed using ATLAS.ti 22 software. The results showed that the majority of teachers' response to the Kurikulum 2022 is positive which they explained that Kurikulum 2022 has more advantageous than the lack. The final goal is to improve quality of education in Indonesia. Pancasila profile has good response by teacher because it is more explicit and complex for building the character of student. The vocational teachers have totally prepared by their own creativity. The recommendation from teachers are expressed as a hope for improving quality of education, such as training for teacher, facilities and massive socialization. [For the full proceedings, see ED654100.]

The development of higher-order thinking skills requires appropriate learning techniques. Project-based learning and integrated learning are learning models that can be used for this purpose. This study aimed to evaluate the contribution of project-based learning and integrated learning to the HOTS development of students in 6 private schools. The sample in this study was high school-level students who were determined by purposive sampling and random sampling techniques. The number of samples is 500 students. The instruments used are a measurement scale and a questionnaire with open questions. Data analysis was performed using the partial least squares technique. Based on the results of measurement scale data analysis, it was found that project-based learning combined with integrated learning showed a significant contribution to the development of students' HOTS. Project-based learning and integrated learning provide flexibility for students to study according to their characteristics so that the application of the student-center approach is practical. In addition, students are more motivated to undergo the learning process with this model approach because of the challenges of producing quality projects. [For the full proceedings, see ED654100.]

The research proposed to examine whether there was any significant correlation between students' question words mastery and their speaking ability due to the students' difficulty in asking information about someone' personal information. There were 28 students as the samples selected by using simple random sampling. This research used a quantitative approach which was presented in correlational research design. In collecting the data, the researcher used a test which consisted of a written and spoken test. The written test aimed to measure the students' question words mastery consisted of 27 questions. Meanwhile, in measuring the students' speaking ability, the students were asked to do a short dialogue with their peers asking and giving information about their family. Then, the data analysis was conducted based on the students' written and spoken test results and its correlation was measured. The result of the data analysis of the students' question words mastery and their speaking ability were fair proved by the mean scores of these were 69.6 and 70.8. Finally, the value of r[subscript obtained] was 0.608 which was higher than the value of r[subscript table] 0.374. In conclusion, there was a significant correlation between students' question words mastery and their speaking ability in asking information. [For the full proceedings, see ED654100.]

Field experience is done to provide an opportunity to preservice teachers to develop pedagogic, professional competencies, personality, and social holistically through classroom learning and interactions outside the classroom. The purpose of this study is to describe what preservice teachers observe and what their perspective process they get during an early field experience. The subjects were sixteen preservice mathematics teachers who do field experience in separate schools and data collected by questionnaire, reflection and interview. Questionnaire data analyze with quantitative method using dependent t-test to compare their perspective before and after early field experience. Data from reflection and interview analyze with descriptive qualitative method. The results that there is difference of perspective before and after field experience. Through observation and learning class and school environment makes perspective preservice teachers' growth in their readiness be a teacher, design curriculum, teaching strategies, self-confidence. [For the full proceedings, see ED654100.]

This study observes two groups of high school students who were given different physics learning interventions. The first group (N = 35) learning physics with e-scaffolding in modelling instructions (LPE-MI),while the second group (N = 35) learning physics with modelling instructions (LPMI). This study investigates the influence of e-scaffolding on shifts in the level of scientific reasoning (SR) of students in physics learning by using 15 items modified by Lawson's scientific reasoning test ([alpha] = 0.828). Our data indicate that the group LPEMI obtained a G-factor score of 0.53, while the other group achieves G = 0.37. Attention-grabbing results are seen in the shift in levels from transition to formal operations in groups of individuals. For the group LPE-MI it amounts to a significant 43% higher than the group LPMI, which is 9%. The shift in the SR level of students who learning physics with e-scaffolding was more elevated than students who only studied physics with MI, where the comparative analysis test showed an effect of 17.3%. The findings in our study prove that e-scaffolding is not only effective in helping students learn physics independently, but also able to influence students' SR level shifts better. [For the complete proceedings, see ED655360.]

One effort to improve teacher quality is the beginning teacher induction program or Program Induksi Guru Pemula (PIGP). PIGP is an orientation activity, on-the-job training, development, and practice of solving various problems in the learning process for beginning teachers at their workplace. PIGP aims for beginning teachers to adapt and become professional teachers. The aims of this study were to evaluate the beginning teacher induction program or PIGP at Harapan 1 Public Elementary School, Cimahi City, Indonesia. The method used is evaluation research with the Responsive Evaluation Model. This evaluation model emphasizes the response of program stakeholders which includes antecedents, transactions, and outcomes. The research sample was one of the teachers at Harapan 1 Public Elementary School, Cimahi City, Indonesia. The results of the study indicated that the antecedent aspects consisting of planning and preparation for PIGP had been sufficiently implemented. In the transaction aspect, overall the PIGP implementation activities were not implemented properly. Finally, on the aspect of outcomes, namely the performance of beginning teachers in learning, it can be concluded that the competence of beginning teachers is good at planning lessons. However, beginning teachers' competence in carrying out learning and evaluating is in the sufficient category. It can be concluded that the PIGP evaluation at Harapan 1 Public Elementary School was in the sufficient category. Therefore, improvements to PIGP are needed, one of which is to improve the quality of school principals in designing PIGP because school principals are the key to the success of PIGP. [For the complete proceedings, see ED655360.]

Decision-making is one of the important skills that must be possessed by students in the 21st century. One of the topics that require the right decision to be made for each challenge and the impact it will cause is climate change which has already occurred. This study aimed to find out how students' decision-making and the importance of improving these decision-making skills, especially in making decisions on socioscientific issues about climate change. Data collection was carried out for one day through questionnaires that were distributed directly to students. In total, 44 junior high school student respondents filled out the questionnaire in this study. The results showed that students made decisions based on their personal feelings and there were indicators of good decision-making that had not been trained in students. Meanwhile, students' knowledge of issues related to climate change was still in the low category. The findings above have implications for teacher strategies in training students' decision-making skills that must be optimized to forge the next generation who can accomplish the problems and make good decisions, especially on issues related to climate change. [For the complete proceedings, see ED655360.]

Previous research found that critical thinking skills of students need to be trained more intensively using authentic problems in daily life. Critical thinking can be developed through problem-based learning as a pedagogical approach in an aligned learning and teaching context. This research aims to obtain the profile of students' critical thinking skills through authentic problems, the damage to the Citatah karst environment. Learning activities are carried out using a Problem Based Learning (PBL) model. The sample used was 25 people of 7th grade students of SMP Krida Utama Padalarang. This type of research is descriptive qualitative research. The indicators of critical thinking skills measured in this study are: formulating problems, asking HOTS questions, arguing, observing and choosing sources of information, determining actions and communicating. Based on data analysis and discussion, it can be concluded that on all indicators of critical thinking skills, most students are in the moderate category or need assist to stimulate their critical thinking skills. [For the complete proceedings, see ED655360.]

The independent curriculum is designed to be a better future solution for education in Indonesia. This curriculum is expected to reduce the learning losses that occurred after the COVID-19 pandemic. In the independent curriculum at the elementary school level, natural science subjects are changed to natural and social science subjects. Natural sciences and social sciences are combined into one subject at the elementary level. This is due to the fact that children in elementary school tend to see everything as a whole and integrated. In addition, they are still in the concrete and simple, holistic, and comprehensive thinking stage, but not in detail. The combination of these subjects is expected to trigger children's ability to manage the natural and social environments in one unit. The aim of this research is to describe the curriculum of natural and social sciences in elementary schools including goals, content, processes, and evaluations that apply in Indonesia. This study uses the method of a literature review. Researchers collect data sourced from books, government regulations, journals, and previous research. The results of the research show that learning natural and social sciences in elementary schools focuses on the study of knowledge about living and inanimate things in the universe and their interactions, and examines human life as an individual as well as social beings who interact with their environment. The natural and social science curriculum in elementary schools includes material understanding and process skills. The learning process takes 180 hours of lessons per year. Evaluation of learning is carried out through daily assessments, midterm assessments, end of semester assessments, and end of year assessments. [For the complete proceedings, see ED655360.]

The research aimed to know the result of validity, practicality, and effectiveness of products from the development of games-based learning media in terms of students' mathematical reasoning in three-dimensional shapes. The type of research and development referred to ADDIE model which included five stages, namely analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. The subjects of the research were the 25 VIII grades junior high school students in one of the junior high schools in Indonesia. The research instruments used were the validation questionnaire sheets, teacher responses questionnaire, and student responses questionnaire. The data collection used a Likert scale. Furthermore, the effectiveness data were collected from the post-test that was done by the student through learning media to know their mathematical reasoning abilities. Meanwhile, the data analysis technique used quantitative descriptive analysis. The result showed that media was very valid with an average of 91,86%. Moreover, it was very practical to see from the average of teacher response questionnaire which was 89,58%, and the average of student responses questionnaire which was 85,36%. The value of effectiveness was determined based on students' post-test scores which was 84%. Thus, it can be concluded that this media was effective to be applied as a learning media for junior high school. [For the complete proceedings, see ED655360.]

This study describes students' learning obstacles in solving early algebra problems requiring functional thinking ability. To reach this aim, qualitative research was conducted in this study. Participants of this study were 39 ninth graders and a mathematics teacher at one of the lower secondary schools in Bandung, Indonesia. The data were collected through the written test about early algebra problems, interviews, and document study. The findings revealed that fewer students achieve the correspondence level in their functional thinking ability. Many of them are on covariation or recursive patterns level. The variety of students' functional thinking levels in solving the problem is influenced by their previous learning experiences with early algebra, mainly functions. By exploring students' learning experiences, this study shows that students have some learning obstacles, including ontogenic obstacles due to students' lack of prerequisite knowledge about the concept of variables, didactical obstacles due to the teacher's teaching implementation focusing solely on the operational rather than the structural conception of functions, and epistemological obstacles due to students' limited knowledge in the concept of variables and functions. Therefore, the identified learning obstacles can be one of the references when developing a lesson design about functions for enhancing students' functional thinking ability. [For the complete proceedings, see ED655360.]

"Proceedings of International Conference on Education in Mathematics, Science and Technology" includes full papers presented at the International Conference on Education in Mathematics, Science and Technology (ICEMST) which took place on May 18-21, 2023 in Cappadocia, Turkey. The aim of the conference is to offer opportunities to share ideas, to discuss theoretical and practical issues and to connect with the leaders in the fields of education. The conference is organized annually by the International Society for Technology, Education, and Science (ISTES). The ICEMST invites submissions which address the theory, research or applications in all disciplines of education. The ICEMST is organized for: faculty members in all disciplines of education, graduate students, K-12 administrators, teachers, principals and all interested in education. After peer-reviewing process, all full papers are published in the Conference Proceedings. [Individual papers are indexed in ERIC.]

21st-century skills can be applied to STEM education. The Merdeka Curriculum also has a passion to support teachers and schools in exploring and implementing STEM as a learning approach to improve student competence. The study aims to develop learning tools consisting of the syllabus, lesson plans, and student worksheets (SLS) that are valid and practical. This study uses the ADDIE development model. The research involved 43 participants at SMAN 6 Malang. Learning tools are validated by material experts, learning experts, and field practitioners. The research was conducted only as a trial or formative evaluation in the development stage. Formative evaluation includes three stages of testing, namely individual tests of 3 students, small group tests of 10 students, and field tests of 30 students that have passed the material of bacteria. The results of practicality obtained through questionnaires on student responses to worksheets on individual tests, small groups, and field tests showed percentages of 89.85%, 88.14%, and 89.08%. These results indicate that STEM-PBL model on bacterial material is very valid and practiced using and can train critical thinking skills, creativity, and cognitive learning outcomes of 10th-grade students. [For the complete proceedings, see ED655360.]

Learning needs to be well planned so that it can take place in accordance with the objectives to be achieved. This planning can be poured into the learning implementation plan (RPP) prepared by the teacher. Therefore, this study aims to describe the competence of prospective chemistry teacher students to prepare lesson plans using a scientific approach. The research was conducted using a descriptive-qualitative method. The research was conducted at Tanjungpura University with 28 respondents as research subjects. Data collection begins with the collection of the RPP that has been prepared, and then an analysis is carried out regarding the suitability of the RPP components using the RPP assessment sheet. The results of the study showed that the competence of prospective chemistry teacher students to prepare learning implementation plan (RPP) was in the "good" category, with a percentage of 81%. The biggest percentage is obtained in the aspects of determining core competency (KI) and basic competency (KD) and determining the learning medium used. While the lowest percentage is the aspect of compiling an assessment, which is still in the lower category with a percentage of 59%. Even though the competence of prospective chemistry teachers to prepare lesson plans as a whole is good, the suitability of the method with evaluation material for student assessment still needs to be improved so that it has implications for fulfilling the pedagogical competence of prospective chemistry teachers. [For the complete proceedings, see ED655360.]

This research aims to describes (1) problems in planning and organizing (2) actualization of curriculum planning updates, (3) actualization of curriculum curriculum organization descriptions, (4) "Gethok Tular" word of mouth strategy, (5) description of low self-esteem or low self-esteem strategies. "Andhab Asor". The method used in this study is a qualitative method, through a phenomenological approach with a case study design in the Regional Coordinator of Bantur, Malang Regency. There are 3 data collection techniques used by researchers, namely interviews, documentation studies, and observation. Data analysis techniques used in this study include (1) data collection, (2) data compaction, (3) data presentation, (4) drawing conclusions/verification. The validity data obtained through this study used technical triangulation and source triangulation, with persistence, reference testing, and member checking. The results in this study indicate that (1) the main problems that occur in planning and organizing are the lack of technology, (2) the actualization of curriculum planning planning, using online vark questionnaires to determine the learning model used by teachers with the planned 2013 curriculum design, ( 3) the actualization of curriculum organization lies on the basis of the patchwork curriculum and the integrated curriculum as the type of organization. (4) the word of mouth strategy is considered capable of overcoming the lack of technology from senior teachers, (5) the "Self Humble" or "Andhab Asor" strategy is considered capable of overcoming the demotivation of teachers in learning to create digital-based media. [For the full proceedings, see ED654100.]

The fact that Indonesia becomes the first country contributing to food loss and food waste among the G20 countries in 2021 is an opportunity to evaluate the effectiveness of sustainability education taught in universities. This study aims to map students' initial knowledge and skills in processing the food waste and to create an integrated food waste management design in a higher education institution. An explanatory sequential mixed method was used in this study involving 641 student respondents for the quantitative phase and three institutions for the qualitative phase. The quantitative phase found that 67.71% of students did not have experience processing organic waste, and their perception about waste segregation benefit is still in the moderate category. However, the index number of students' self-identity is high (80.94) regarding their perception that they had behaved in an environmentally friendly manner. This finding is then communicated with several related institutions during the qualitative phase to develop an integrated sustainability education model outside the formal curriculum to improve students' knowledge and skills in processing food waste. [For the full proceedings, see ED654100.]