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Introduction: As a topic of inquiry in its own right, data management for interdisciplinary research projects is in its infancy. Key issues include the inability of researchers to effectively query diverse data outputs and to identify potentially important synergies between discipline-specific data. Equally problematic, few semantic ontologies exist to better support data organisation and discovery. Finally, while interdisciplinary research is widely regarded as beneficial to unpacking complex problems, non-researchers such as policy-makers and planners often struggle to use and interrogate the related datasets. To address these issues, the following article details the design and development of the UKRI GCRF Action Against Stunting Hub (AASH)'s All-Hub Data Repository (AHDR)., Methods and Analysis: The AHDR is a single application, single authentication web-based platform comprising a data warehouse to store data from across the AASH's three study countries and to support data querying. Four novel components of the AHDR are described in the following article: (1) a unique data discovery tool; (2) a metadata catalogue that provides researchers with an interface to explore the AASH's data outputs and engage with a new semantic ontology related to child stunting; (3) an interdisciplinary aid to support a directed approach to identifying synergies and interactions between AASH data and (4) a decision support tool that will support non-researchers in engaging with the wider evidence-based outputs of the AASH., Ethics and Dissemination: Ethical approval for this study was granted by institutional ethics committees in the UK, India, Indonesia and Senegal. Results will be disseminated via publications in peer-reviewed journals; presentations at international conferences and community-level public engagement events; key stakeholder meetings; and in public repositories with appropriate Creative Commons licences allowing for the widest possible use., Competing Interests: Competing interests: None declared., (© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2024. Re-use permitted under CC BY. Published by BMJ.)

While bibliographic classifications are traditionally based on disciplines, the logical alternative is phenomenon‐based classification. Although not prevalent, this approach has been explored in the 20th century by J.D. Brown, the Classification Research Group, and others. Its principles have been stated in the León Manifesto (2007) and are currently represented by such general schemes as the Basic Concepts Classification and the Integrative Levels Classification. A phenomenon‐based classification lists classes of phenomena, including things and processes irrespective of the discipline studying them (which can optionally be specified as an additional facet). Facets can work in a phenomenon‐based system much as in a disciplinary one. This kind of system will promote the identification of potential relationships between research in different disciplines, and will especially benefit interdisciplinary work. The paper reviews the theory, history, structure, advantages, applications, and evaluation of phenomenon‐based classification systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With an ever-increasing number of treatment options, the assessment of treatment sequences has become crucial in health technology assessment (HTA). This review systematically explores the multifaceted challenges inherent in evaluating sequences, delving into their interplay and nuances that go beyond economic model structures. We synthesised a 'roadmap' of literature from key methodological studies, highlighting the evolution of recent advances and emerging research themes. These insights were compared against HTA guidelines to identify potential avenues for future research. Our findings reveal a spectrum of challenges in sequence evaluation, encompassing selecting appropriate decision-analytic modelling approaches and comparators, deriving appropriate clinical effectiveness evidence in the face of data scarcity, scrutinising effectiveness assumptions and statistical adjustments, considering treatment displacement, and optimising model computations. Integrating methodologies from diverse disciplines-statistics, epidemiology, causal inference, operational research and computer science-has demonstrated promise in addressing these challenges. An updated review of application studies is warranted to provide detailed insights into the extent and manner in which these methodologies have been implemented. Data scarcity on the effectiveness of treatment sequences emerged as a dominant concern, especially because treatment sequences are rarely compared in clinical trials. Real-world data (RWD) provide an alternative means for capturing evidence on effectiveness and future research should prioritise harnessing causal inference methods, particularly Target Trial Emulation, to evaluate treatment sequence effectiveness using RWD. This approach is also adaptable for analysing trials harbouring sequencing information and adjusting indirect comparisons when collating evidence from heterogeneous sources. Such investigative efforts could lend support to reviews of HTA recommendations and contribute to synthesising external control arms involving treatment sequences., (© 2024. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.)

A text generation based multidisciplinary problem identification method is proposed, which does not rely on a large amount of data annotation. The proposed method first identifies the research objective types and disciplinary labels of papers using a text classification technique; second, it generates abstractive titles for each paper based on abstract and research objective types using a generative pre-trained language model; third, it extracts problem phrases from generated titles according to regular expression rules; fourth, it creates problem relation networks and identifies the same problems by exploiting a weighted community detection algorithm; finally, it identifies multidisciplinary problems based on the disciplinary labels of papers. Experiments in the "Carbon Peaking and Carbon Neutrality" field show that the proposed method can effectively identify multidisciplinary research problems. The disciplinary distribution of the identified problems is consistent with our understanding of multidisciplinary collaboration in the field. It is necessary to use the proposed method in other multidisciplinary fields to validate its effectiveness. Multidisciplinary problem identification helps to gather multidisciplinary forces to solve complex real-world problems for the governments, fund valuable multidisciplinary problems for research management authorities, and borrow ideas from other disciplines for researchers. This approach proposes a novel multidisciplinary problem identification method based on text generation, which identifies multidisciplinary problems based on generative abstractive titles of papers without data annotation required by standard sequence labeling techniques. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article collected papers published by Chinese archaeologists in Chinese and World core journals (CCJs and WCJs for short) in the past century. Based on bibliometric analysis, the general characteristics and trends of Chinese archaeology were summarized. In a macroscopic perspective, historiography-rooted archaeology focusing on historical periods and central areas of China and preferring traditional archaeological methods (mainly a culture-historical paradigm) will continue to occupy a leading position in China. Simultaneously, interdisciplinary research and internationalisation will likely continue to develop and diversify Chinese archaeology, though the speed is unknown due to the impact of the pandemic. In comparison, more attention needs to be paid to theoretical research and to publishing more results of historical archaeology in WCJs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Interdisciplinary research is of significance for creating breakthroughs and facilitating innovations and may achieve higher citation impact, although contrary results still exist. The current study looks into the relationship between interdisciplinarity and citation impact from a brand-new perspective—the process of citation accumulation—by exploring how interdisciplinarity, as measured by Rao-Stirling and DIV, affects the accumulating process of citations, based on scientific papers published by Chinese or US authors in 2009–2011 in Chemistry. Two metrics are used to measure how long it takes for a paper to reach its citation peak (PEAK_YEAR) and how sustainable the citation impact remains after the peak (SUS). The results show that compared with Rao-Stirling, DIV is more sensitive to the length of the citation window and more closely aligned with the nature of interdisciplinarity. In Chemistry, higher interdisciplinarity is more likely to encounter delayed recognition and greater citation sustainability, which may explain the inconsistency in the relationship between interdisciplinarity and citation impact. In conclusion, it is necessary to consider the length of the citation window when explaining the relationship between interdisciplinarity and citation impact. A longer citation window may be a better solution, as an alternative or supplement, in assessing the academic performance of interdisciplinary research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

New technologies usually have potential, but their mode of action and long-term consequences are not always immediately apparent. This challenge can be met in an interdisciplinary way with approaches that integrate different perspectives. Young scientists have come together to work on meeting this challenge from an interdisciplinary perspective in the Young Forum of Technical Sciences: Technology that people really want. The aim is to support user-centred technology development based on interdisciplinary methods. Engineering, law, social sciences and the humanities can work together to shape technical developments in a way that leads to a form of technology that is adapted to the needs of society. Interdisciplinarity in research and development means mutual permeation of disciplines instead of mere coexistence. The aim is to promote interdisciplinary research groups and projects and to develop common methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Distributed solar generation (DSG) has been growing over the previous years because of its numerous advantages of being sustainable, flexible, reliable, and increasingly affordable. DSG is a broad and multidisciplinary research field because it relates to various fields in engineering, social sciences, economics, public policy, and others. Developing a holistic understanding of the state of research related to DSG can be difficult. Motivated to provide that understanding, the goal of this paper is to explore current and emerging multidisciplinary research trends associated with DSG. To achieve that, (1) a large data set of approximately 66,000 publications was collected; (2) the papers were labeled using keywords for topics including "Batteries and Storage," "Solar," "Complex Modeling," "Machine Learning (ML) and Artificial Intelligence (AI)," "Resilience, Vulnerability, and Disasters," "Policies and Incentives," "Social Aspects," "Economics," "Smart Grid," "Finance," "Social Equity," "Microgrid," and "Virtual Power Plant"; and (3) the data set was analyzed using scientometric and social network analysis (SNA) in respect to publication counts, citation counts, and interconnectivity between the topics. Notable findings were analyzed to describe current and emerging trends. It was found that social equity has high citation counts contrasted by few publications, indicating a possible strong need for research. There is also rapidly growing research in ML and AI in the context of DSG during recent years. Other research topics, such as smart grids, have been attracting fewer publications. The results also highlight the need for multidisciplinary research connecting the topics. To conclude, future research is suggested to explore research needs in the areas of social aspects, social justice and equity, public policy and incentives, and ML/AI. The findings should benefit researchers and stakeholders with a holistic understanding of multidisciplinary DSG-related research and provide insight for planning new research and funding opportunities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Course-based research experiences (CBREs) are highly valued for science learning and research. Most are discipline-centered, but there is a great deal of interest in developing them to promote interdisciplinarity. Yet, we have much to learn about how CBREs work, and even more to learn about how disciplinary diversity operates as an element of design to promote learning and research. This mixed methods case study triangulates data on student experience, research networks, research artifacts and fieldnotes from participant observation to understand how disciplinary diversity factors into productive engagement for learning and research in an interdisciplinary course-based research experience (I-CBRE). A common boundary object (scientific paper) mediated developmental interactions among individuals both within and beyond the course. The boundary object also facilitated the productive engagement of students as instrumental actors in broader interdisciplinary research networks. This study shows how an "object tracing" approach can be used to examine productivity in disciplinarily diverse scientific contexts, and reveals some of the distinctly syncretic moves that participants deploy to make progress as learners and researchers. Extending work by Engel and Conant, the study emphasizes the importance of designing for "productive syncretic engagement" in research experiences characterized disciplinary diversity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pro: Nearly all new devices and drugs come from industry that provides two-thirds of the funding for medical research, and a much higher fraction of clinical research. Realistically, without corporate-funded studies, perioperative research would stagnate with little innovation and few new products. Opinions are ubiquitous and normal, but do not constitute epidemiologic bias. Competent clinical research includes many protections against selection and measurement bias, and the publication process provides at least moderate protection against misinterpretation of results. Trial registries largely prevent selective data presentation. Sponsored trials are particularly protected against inappropriate corporate influence because they are usually codesigned with the US Food and Drug Administration, and analyses are based on formal predefined statistical plans, as well as being conducted with rigorous external monitoring. Novel products, which are essential for advances in clinical care, largely come from industry, and industry appropriately funds much of the required research. We should celebrate industry's contribution to improvements in clinical care. Con: While industry funding contributes to research and discovery, examples of industry-funded research demonstrate bias. In the setting of financial pressures and potential conflict of interest, bias can influence the type of study design, hypotheses being tested, rigor and transparency in data analysis, interpretation, as well as reporting of the results. Unlike public granting agencies, industry does not necessarily provide funding based on unbiased peer review following an open call for proposals. The focus on success can influence the choice of a comparator, which might not be ideal among the possible alternatives, the language used in the publication, and even the ability to publish. Unpublished negative trials can result in selected information being withheld from the scientific community and the public. Appropriate safeguards are needed to ensure that research addresses the most important and relevant questions, that results are available even when they do not support the use of a product produced by the funding company, that populations studied reflect the relevant patients, that the most rigorous approaches are applied, that studies have the appropriate power to address the question posed, and that conclusions are presented in an unbiased manner., Competing Interests: Conflicts of Interest: See Disclosures at the end of the article. Con: While industry funding contributes to research and discovery, examples of industry-funded research demonstrate bias. In the setting of financial pressures and potential conflict of interest, bias can influence the type of study design, hypotheses being tested, rigor and transparency in data analysis, interpretation, as well as reporting of the results. Unlike public granting agencies, industry does not necessarily provide funding based on unbiased peer review following an open call for proposals. The focus on success can influence the choice of a comparator, which might not be ideal among the possible alternatives, the language used in the publication, and even the ability to publish. Unpublished negative trials can result in selected information being withheld from the scientific community and the public. Appropriate safeguards are needed to ensure that research addresses the most important and relevant questions, that results are available even when they do not support the use of a product produced by the funding company, that populations studied reflect the relevant patients, that the most rigorous approaches are applied, that studies have the appropriate power to address the question posed, and that conclusions are presented in an unbiased manner., (Copyright © 2023 International Anesthesia Research Society.)

In scientific research, collaboration is one of the most effective ways to take advantage of new ideas, skills, and resources and for performing interdisciplinary research. Although collaboration networks have been intensively studied, the question of how individual scientists choose collaborators to study a new research topic remains almost unexplored. Here, we investigate the statistics and mechanisms of collaborations of individual scientists along their careers, revealing that, in general, collaborators are involved in significantly fewer topics than expected from a controlled surrogate. In particular, we find that highly productive scientists tend to have a higher fraction of single-topic collaborators, while highly cited--i.e., impactful--scientists have a higher fraction of multitopic collaborators. We also suggest a plausible mechanism for this distinction. Moreover, we investigate the cases where scientists involve existing collaborators in a new topic. We find that, compared to productive scientists, impactful scientists show strong preference of collaboration with high-impact scientists on a new topic. Finally, we validate our findings by investigating active scientists in different years and across different disciplines. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This study explores whether interdisciplinary components' citation intensity (ICCI) affects papers' scientific impact. In this study, the term "interdisciplinary components" refers to the disciplines that are different from the discipline to which the target research belongs. The citation intensity is the degree of density or sparseness of the paper citation network for a discipline. Previous studies have shown that the scientific impact of interdisciplinary research is influenced by interdisciplinarity and its properties, namely, variety, balance and disparity. However, the effect of ICCI on scientific impact has not been comprehensively explored. Design/methodology/approach: This study is based on the entire publication database of the Web of Science for the year 2000, where the authors provide an indicator to measure the ICCI of each publication. A tobit regression model is used to examine the effect of ICCI on scientific impact, controlling for a range of variables associated with the characteristics of the publications studied. Findings: The results show that ICCI has a positive effect on scientific impact. The authors' results further point out that ICCI displays a curvilinear inverted U-shape relationship with scientific impact. It means that including more citation-intensive interdisciplinary components can increase the scientific impact of interdisciplinary research. However, excessive use of citation-intensive interdisciplinary components may reduce the scientific impact of interdisciplinary research. Originality/value: This study shows that, in addition to interdisciplinarity, the scientific impact of interdisciplinary research is also affected by the citation characteristics of interdisciplinary components, namely ICCI. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

"Car dependence" emerges as an academic concept supported by decades of multidisciplinary research, which aims to understand the factors that drive car-based choices. The variety of approaches and indicators used to interpret this phenomenon underscores its multidimensionality and highlights the necessity for a comprehensive framework to define and operationalise it. This paper contributes to this goal by conducting a systematic literature review that examines the indicators, associations, and meanings used by research in defining and quantifying car dependence. Results show that car dependence has been mainly studied considering transport demand, despite criticisms pointing out to the need of including accessibility and subjective perceptions as well. As a consequence, the paper proposes a holistic approach to the term car dependence by proposing six dimensions covering the full spectrum of the concept as presented in the academic literature. The findings also suggest to move towards harmonising measures of the concept, which would facilitate the development of policies and the assessment of their effectiveness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Text comprehension research in relation to the reading medium showed that digital‐based reading represents a disadvantage compared with paper‐based reading. Most paper versus screen research; however, was conducted with university students. Objectives: This study investigated the contribution of reading medium to text comprehension and medium preference in beginner readers who use technology for school learning. The moderating role of text genre, word reading and medium preference on the reading medium effect on text comprehension was also analysed. Methods: First graders (N = 115; mean age = 6;8 years) read narrative and informational linear texts on paper and computer screen and answered main idea, literal and inferential comprehension questions. Medium preference questions and a word reading task were administered. Results and Conclusions: Logistic mixed models showed that the main idea and literal comprehension of narrative and informational linear texts were greater on screen and for higher word reading skills. Inferential comprehension was lower on screen at lower levels of word reading skills but became similar for the two media as word reading increased. Children had no clear medium preference and medium effect on text comprehension was independent of children's medium preference. The main results show that beginner readers who use technology for learning and are fast and accurate in word reading display no comprehension disadvantage in digital reading. Takeaways: Our results add to existing knowledge by clarifying how reading medium effects on beginner readers' text comprehension interact with factors such as fundamental reading skills and experience with technology. Lay Description: What is currently know about the subject matter: • Comprehension of informational texts is better on paper than on screen • Text comprehension is better on paper than on screen for independent readers from 4th grade onwards, even for those who prefer to read digitally. • Lower text comprehension on screen is related to shallow reading processing and navigation requirements of digital texts. • Shallow reading processing is related to the use of digital media for leisure. What the paper adds: • Comprehension of narrative and informational texts on screen is not disadvantaged in beginner readers who often use technology for school activities. • Word reading has a stronger role on inferential comprehension of digital texts with navigation requirements. • Word reading stronger role results in a screen comprehension disadvantage at lower levels of word reading skills. • Children have no clear medium preference and text comprehension on paper vs screen was independent of children's medium preference Implications of study findings for practitioners: • The use of technology for school activities may encourage deep text processing on screen. • Care should be taken when very young students with low reading skills are required to understand digital texts with navigation requirements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents the discussion on nurse scientists understanding and supporting the importance of interdisciplinary research. Topics include knowledge of other disciplines having the expertise needed for answering increasingly complex questions about health and illness; and nursing science being built on a strong foundation of knowing being necessary for improving nursing practice.

This study aims to reveal the bibliometric characteristics of publications on educational research from diverse perspectives, including the level of national-international collaborations, the percentage change in open-access papers, and interactions with other disciplines. Through bibliometric analysis, the data were collected from Web of Science (WoS), "Education and Educational Research (E&ER),""Psychology, Educational (PE),""Education, Special (ES)" and "Education Scientific Disciplines (ESD)" categories, during 2011 to 2020. The findings suggest that the number of publications in each category and the percentage of open-access publications have increased regularly. However, it was observed that categories, especially the ES category, were partially falling behind, as compared to the growth in WoS; while the ES and the PE categories were the highest regarding national-international collaborations over time. Both collaboration levels were the highest in the E&ER category. It was concluded that the multi-authorship trend has rapidly increased, the number of references has regularly increased, and specifically, the PE category has been distinguished from others in terms of the references used. Meanwhile, the change over time in the aggregate impact factor, calculated for each category as a measure of the widespread impact of the studies, pointed to inflation. The results show that educational research is becoming more organized and international, while less fragmented. Moreover, the findings support that educational research is interdisciplinary in essence and diverse in content. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate how critical realism can be mobilised as a meta-theory, or philosophical under-labourer, for research on space accounting and how this may further inquiries into the known as well as the unknown implications of space exploration and commercialisation. Design/methodology/approach: This is a conceptual paper that applies critical realism to the field of space accounting using cost management in space contracts as an illustrative example. Findings: Adopting a naturalised version of critical realism that recognises the complex interplay between natural and social realities, the author nuances the distinction between intransitive and transitive objects of knowledge and advances a framework that may be used as a starting point for a transfactual mode of reasoning. The author then applies this mode of reasoning to the topic of cost management in the space sector and illustrates how it may enhance our insights into what causes cost overruns in space contracts. Research limitations/implications: By adopting a naturalised version of critical realism, the author establishes a philosophical framework that can support the broadly based, inter-disciplinary research agenda that has been envisaged for research on space accounting and possibly inform policy development. Originality/value: This paper is the first to apply a critical realist perspective to space accounting and lays a philosophical foundation for future research on the topic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Internal audit has become globally recognized as a vital component of corporate governance, contributing to transparency, accountability, and organizational performance. The aim of the study is to provide an understanding of developments and trends related to internal audit at an interdisciplinary level, thus bibliometric analysis was used to examine 648 scientific articles, published between 1990 and 2022, which had the keyword "internal audit effectiveness". The study suggests that continued research and development in this area is essential, given the constant changes in the business environment and the need to continuously improve the quality, effectiveness and performance of internal audit. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The ageing society requires physicians who can deliver integrated care, but it is unclear how they should be prepared for doing so. This scoping review aims to create an overview of educational programmes that prepare (future) physicians to deliver integrated care while addressing components and outcomes of the interventions. Method: We included papers from five databases that contained: (1) integrated care (2) education programme (3) medical students (4) elderly, or synonyms. We divided the WHO definition of integrated care into ten components for the concept of ‘integrated care’. Data were collected with a charting template, and template analysis was used to formulate themes. Results: We found 17 educational programmes in different learning settings. All programmes addressed several components of the WHO definition. The programmes primarily focused on care for individual patients (micro-level), and the outcomes suggested that experiencing the complexity of care is key. Conclusion: This review revealed the limited evidence on educational programmes about integrated care for the elderly. Our findings suggest that educational programmes on integrated care should not be limited to the micro-level, and that students should obtain adaptive expertise by experiencing complexity. Future research should contain an explicit description and definition of integrated care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Biobanks have become an integral part of health and bioscience research. However, the ultra-low temperature (ULT) storage methods that biobanks employ [ULT freezers and liquid nitrogen (LN2)] are associated with carbon emissions that contribute to anthropogenic climate change. This paper aims to provide a 'Roadmap' for reducing carbon emissions associated with ULT storage in biobanking. The Roadmap offers recommendations associated with nine areas of ULT storage practice: four relating to ULT freezers, three associated with LN2 storage, and two generalised discussions regarding biosample management and centralisation. For each practice, we describe (a) the best approaches to mitigate carbon emissions, (b) explore barriers associated with hindering their implementation, and (c) make a series of recommendations that can help biobank stakeholders overcome these barriers. The recommendations were the output of a one year, UK-based, multidisciplinary research project that involved a quantitative Carbon Footprinting Assessment of the emissions associated with 1 year of ULT storage (for both freezers and LN2) at four different case study sites; as well as two follow up stakeholder workshops to qualitatively explore UK biobank stakeholder perceptions, views, and experiences on how to consider such assessments within the broader social, political, financial, technical, and cultural contexts of biobanking. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Despite the long-standing calls for increased levels of interdisciplinary research as a way to address society's grand challenges, most science is still disciplinary. To understand the slow rate of convergence to more interdisciplinary research, we examine 154,021 researchers who received a PhD in a biomedical field between 1970 and 2013, measuring the interdisciplinarity of their articles using the disciplinary composition of references. We provide a range of evidence that interdisciplinary research is impactful, but that those who conduct it face early career impediments. The researchers who are initially the most interdisciplinary tend to stop publishing earlier in their careers--it takes about 8 y for half of the researchers in the top percentile in terms of initial interdisciplinarity to stop publishing, compared to more than 20 y for moderately interdisciplinary researchers (10th to 75th percentiles). Moreover, perhaps in response to career challenges, initially interdisciplinary researchers on average decrease their interdisciplinarity over time. These forces reduce the stock of interdisciplinary researchers who can train future cohorts. Indeed, new graduates tend to be less interdisciplinary than the stock of active researchers. We show that interdisciplinarity does increase over time despite these dampening forces because initially disciplinary researchers become more interdisciplinary as their careers progress. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The integration of normative analysis with empirical data often remains unclear despite the availability of many empirical bioethics methodologies. This paper sought bioethics scholars' experiences and reflections of doing empirical bioethics research to feed these practical insights into the debate on methods. We interviewed twenty-six participants who revealed their process of integrating the normative and the empirical. From the analysis of the data, we first used the themes to identify the methodological content. That is, we show participants' use of familiar methods explained as "back-and-forth" methods (reflective equilibrium), followed by dialogical methods where collaboration was seen as a better way of doing integration. Thereafter, we highlight methods that were deemed as inherent integration approaches, where the normative and the empirical were intertwined from the start of the research project. Second, we used the themes to express not only how we interpreted what was said but also how things were said. In this, we describe an air of uncertainty and overall vagueness that surrounded the above methods. We conclude that the indeterminacy of integration methods is a double-edged sword. It allows for flexibility but also risks obscuring a lack of understanding of the theoretical-methodological underpinnings of empirical bioethics research methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The Method section of research articles offers an important space for researchers to describe their research processes and research objects they utilize. To understand the relationship between these research materials and their representations in scientific publications, this paper offers a quantitative examination of the citation contexts of the most frequently cited references in the Method section of the paper sample, many of which belong to the category of research material objects. Design/methodology/approach: In this research, the authors assessed the extent to which these references appear in the Method section, which is regarded as an indicator of the instrumentality of the reference. The authors also examined how this central measurement is connected to its other citation contexts, such as key linguistic attributes and verbs that are used in citation sentences. Findings: The authors found that a series of key linguistic attributes can be used to predict the instrumentality of a reference. The use of self-mention phrases and the readability score of the citances are especially strong predictors, along with boosters and hedges, the two measurements that were not included in the final model. Research limitations/implications: This research focuses on a single research domain, psychology, which limits the understanding of how research material objects are cited in different research domains or interdisciplinary research contexts. Moreover, this research is based on 200 frequently cited references, which are unable to represent all references cited in psychological publications. Practical implications: With the identified relationship between instrumental citation contexts and other characteristics of citation sentences, this research opens the possibility of more accurately identifying research material objects from scientific references, the most accessible scholarly data. Originality/value: This is the first large-scale, quantitative analysis of the linguistic features of citations to research material objects. This study offers important baseline results for future studies focusing on scientific instruments, an increasingly important type of object involved in scientific research. Peer review: The peer review history for this article is available at: 10.1108/OIR-03-2021-0171 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the ever-evolving area of digital transformation, following responsible and sustainable practices is essential. This editorial article discusses the importance of responsible digital transformation, emphasizing the need for academia, private and public organizations, civil society, and individuals to work together in developing digital business models that generate shared value while addressing societal challenges. The article highlights the emergence of corporate digital responsibility (CDR) and the shift from industry 4.0 to industry 5.0, which focuses on human-centric approaches and human-AI partnerships. Furthermore, it underscores the need for interdisciplinary research and systematic approaches encompassing various dimensions of sustainability. By integrating sustainable ICT principles into digital transformation initiatives, organizations can contribute to a more sustainable and responsible digital future. The suggestions in this paper, coupled with the nice research contributions included in the special issue, seek to offer a broader foundation to support responsible digital transformations for sustainable societies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Design for Safety (DFS) is a crucial tool that assists humans in paying closer attention to safety and health in project life cycles of buildings and other facilities. Analyzing DFS through a bibliometric perspective can facilitate the development of new theories, promote disciplinary content, and reveal the direction of development in the subject area. This paper presents a systematic, holistic, and comprehensive overview of the global literature focused on DFS, summarizing the number of publications, research hotspots, research methods, and distribution. Scientific publications are a measure of academic level and scientific strength of institutions and individuals, and this article provides an overview of interdisciplinary research on DFS from 1 January 1997 to 31 December 2020, based on literature related to DFS in the Web of Science database (WoS-database). The paper highlights current research hotspots, ideas, and trends around the world, offering a global overview of contemporary and interdisciplinary research in DFS. By utilizing both keyword clustering and co-citation clustering techniques, the paper proposes the 4P framework (i.e., purpose, people, procedures, and phenomena) to better understand current global achievements and to achieve a complex structure for future development. This concise description of DFS trends may provide a logical mechanism for assessing and understanding the development of DFS research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tourism academics are organized like a very small community that interacts within this small group so that its scientific advances are not imported by other disciplines, the so-called tribes defined by Tribe [Tribe, J. (2006). The truth about tourism. Annals of Tourism Research, 33(2), 360–381. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2005.11.001]. The discussion usually ends with the rankings of authors and journals that also contribute to funnelling out knowledge. This research attempts to understand the gaps of tourism research to draw in trends that should be emphasized in and out of tourism community. Based upon a collection of 63,176 papers that is all the papers published in Scopus journals, social network analysis is applied to unveil countries, journals, and authors' expertise as well as convergence points in academia through the content analysis of keywords, scientific areas, affiliated countries and journals. The findings contribute as a guide for scholars and to the discussion of the gaps of tourism whether it be as a trans- or interdisciplinary approach. The full picture that this paper allows to have about tourism research also represents a critical analysis about its evolution since its very beginning emphasizing its weakness and strengths. The study ends with a few suggestions to raise the interdisciplinarity and transdisciplinary nature of tourism research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the context of global concerns about plastics, this paper sets out and exemplifies a research agenda for articulating children's encounters with plastics. The paper analyses data co-produced with 11–15 year-olds through interviews, app-based research and experimental/arts-led workshops. It moves beyond scholarship in health and environmental sciences, and in environmental education research, to outline a far richer range of ways to conceptualise children's encounters with plastics, based in children's everyday, embodied and emotive interactions with plastics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Understanding the distribution and reproductive behavior of marine species can inform ocean spatial management to address conservation needs and reduce risks of conflicts among various marine and coastal industries. Combining spatial data on species behavior with fish harvesters' knowledge can be particularly effective for identifying spatiotemporal overlaps between human activities and critical events at various life stages of marine species. In the present study, the migratory behavior of Atlantic halibut (Hippoglossus hippoglossus), a flatfish of great economic importance in the Gulf of St. Lawrence, was characterized using electronic tags, and potential ocean industry impacts to the halibut population were identified using fish harvesters' knowledge reported at public meetings and during semi-structured interviews. Results from electronic tagging analyses, including potential seasonal migration paths and presumed spawning locations, were presented to halibut harvesters who responded by identifying industries that could impact the halibut population. Harvesters identified the potential for halibut bycatch in the developing redfish trawl fishery as the main risk to the current high halibut abundance levels, which they attributed to the reduction of Gulf trawling and halibut bycatch since the 1990s. Other potential impacts to halibut identified by harvesters included offshore oil and gas drilling, and effluent discharge from a paper mill transformation project. The present study demonstrates that utilizing complementary data from both fish tracking devices and fish harvesters' knowledge can help identify and anticipate potential conflicts between fisheries and other ocean industries, and ultimately inform the ecosystem-based marine spatial management of large marine ecosystems. • Fish tracking devices combined with fish harvesters' knowledge revealed spatial overlaps of fisheries and other ocean uses. • Atlantic halibut presumed spawning habitats overlap with potential trawling areas of a re-emerging redfish fishery. • Halibut may also be impacted by oil drilling and paper pulp effluent in locations that overlap with halibut migrations. • Using complementary data sources can identify ocean use conflicts and inform ecosystem-based marine spatial management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Simple Summary: A multidisciplinary group researched and defined criteria to describe a sarcoma specialist treatment center or network. The project is led by Sarcoma Patient Advocacy Global Network (SPAGN), involves patient groups from around the world and is supported by clinical specialists and leading researchers. The paper identifies Core Principles and Key Features which define a specialist center/network. They are supported by evidence and experience. A primary aim is that new patients and their families can identify a specialist center which can provide curative treatment. A secondary aim is that countries where specialist treatment is not yet available can identify what they have to achieve to meet that ambition. The Core Principles allow a center or network to attain accreditation as a Sarcoma Intelligent Specialist Network. The Key Features are more aspirational and are expressed in a way that allows local needs, legal considerations and budgetary pressures to be taken into account. This is the first time an expert multidisciplinary group has defined specialism in cancer treatment in a worldwide context. The management of sarcomas in specialist centers delivers significant benefits. In much of the world, specialists are not available, and the development of expertise is identified as a major need. However, the terms 'specialist' or 'expert' center are rarely defined. Our objective is to offer a definition for patient advocates and a tool for healthcare providers to underpin improving the care of people with sarcoma. SPAGN developed a discussion paper for a workshop at the SPAGN 2023 Conference, attended by 75 delegates. A presentation to the Connective Tissue Oncology Society (CTOS) and further discussion led to this paper. Core Principles were identified that underlie specialist sarcoma care. The primary Principle is the multi-disciplinary team discussing every patient, at first diagnosis and during treatment. Principles for optimal sarcoma management include accurate diagnosis followed by safe, high-quality treatment, with curative intent. These Principles are supplemented by Features describing areas of healthcare, professional involvement, and service provision and identifying further research and development needs. These allow for variations because of national or local policies and budgets. We propose the term 'Sarcoma Intelligent Specialist Network' to recognize expertise wherever it is found in the world. This provides a base for further discussion and local refinement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years, with the trend of open science, there have been many efforts to share research data on the internet. To promote research data sharing, data curation is essential to make the data interpretable and reusable. In research fields such as life sciences, earth sciences, and social sciences, tasks and procedures have been already developed to implement efficient data curation to meet the needs and customs of individual research fields. However, not only data sharing within research fields but also interdisciplinary data sharing is required to promote open science. For this purpose, knowledge of data curation across the research fields is surveyed, analyzed, and organized as an ontology in this paper. As the survey, existing vocabularies and procedures are collected and compared as well as interviews with the data curators in research institutes in different fields are conducted to clarify commonalities and differences in data curation across the research fields. It turned out that the granularity of tasks and procedures that constitute the building blocks of data curation is not formalized. Without a method to overcome this gap, it will be challenging to promote interdisciplinary reuse of research data. Based on the analysis above, the ontology for the data curation process is proposed to describe data curation processes in different fields universally. It is described by OWL and shown as valid and consistent from the logical viewpoint. The ontology successfully represents data curation activities as the processes in the different fields acquired by the interviews. It is also helpful to identify the functions of the systems to support the data curation process. This study contributes to building a knowledge framework for an interdisciplinary understanding of data curation activities in different fields. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It is a matter of debate whether the discipline independence in discipline formation narrows its interdisciplinarity. It is also less well understood how disruptive works emerge in investigative practice rather than a theory‐driven approach. Aggregation‐induced emission (AIE) is an atypical photophysical phenomenon, in which the whole (aggregate) is brighter than the sum of its parts (single molecule). Through measuring and computing the cognitive extent and evolution of research on AIE, including topics, epistemic‐social collaborative networks, interdisciplinarity, emergent concepts, core concept networks and knowledge flow, this study shows that a cross‐research scales concept and its practice can establish new bridges in the sciences and promote disruptive work. Focusing on mesoscale entities, scientists from many different branches of science are involved in theoretical research on mechanisms, as well as developing different AIE systems for applications. The data analysis in this study provides details showing how non‐reductionist concepts based on new scientific discoveries cross traditional disciplinary boundaries and aggregate interdisciplinary research. The emergence and evolution of the AIE field implies that scientists may be motivated to embrace nonreductionist ideas at different research scales, leading to a more permeable field boundary. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nowadays, virtually all discussions of social relevance involve actors negating the scientific consensus and disrupting the public discourse with so-called alternative facts. So far, this phenomenon, referred to as denialism, has encompassed different meanings and definitions that vary depending on the field of application, thereby making correct usage difficult. This paper therefore aims to develop an understanding of denialism by examining how the existing interdisciplinary literature is defining the term. Using an integrative systematic literature analysis, the interdisciplinary field of research is examined. This allows not only for the derivation of a definition of denialism but also for the identification and categorisation of denialist actors and the discussion of potential coping strategies. Finally, the definition integrated in this paper describes denialism from a communication studies point of view as a phenomenon that is characterised by the use of certain rhetorical tactics, a systematic and targeted approach, and an underlying motivation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the rapid development of modern geochemical analysis techniques, massive volumes of data are being generated from various sources and forms, and geochemical data acquisition and analysis have become important tools for studying geochemical processes and environmental changes. However, geochemical data have high-dimensional, nonlinear characteristics, and traditional geochemical data analysis methods have struggled to meet the demands of modern science. Nowadays, the development of big data and artificial intelligence technologies has provided new ideas and methods for geochemical data analysis. However, geochemical research involves numerous fields such as petrology, ore deposit, mineralogy, and others, each with its specific research methods and objectives, making it difficult to strike a balance between depth and breadth of investigation. Additionally, due to limitations in data sources and collection methods, existing studies often focus on a specific discipline or issue, lacking a comprehensive understanding of the bigger picture and foresight for the future. To assist geochemists in identifying research hotspots in the field and exploring solutions to the aforementioned issues, this article comprehensively reviews related studies in recent years, elaborates on the necessity and challenges of combining geochemistry and artificial intelligence, and analyzes the characteristics and research hotspots of the global collaboration network in this field. The study reveals that the investigation into artificial intelligence techniques to address geochemical issues is progressing swiftly. Joint research papers serve as the primary means of contact within a worldwide collaborative network. The primary areas of focus in the ongoing research on the integration of geochemistry and artificial intelligence include methodologies for analyzing geochemical data, environmental modifications, and mineral prospectivity mapping. Geochemical data analysis is currently a significant focus of research, encompassing a range of methods including machine learning and deep learning. Predicting mineral resources for deep space, deep Earth, and deep sea is also a pressing topic in contemporary research. This paper explores the factors driving research interest and future trends, identifies current research challenges, and considers opportunities for future research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The importance of physical place for interdisciplinary research collaborations is often taken for granted by scientists and policy makers. One result of this is a trend of funding interdisciplinary research centers where scientists are colocated in the same building. Previous research findings on the matter are, however, ambiguous and show that though geographical proximity clearly matters, proximity is insufficient to foster interdisciplinary collaboration. This paper is based on an ethnographic study of a multi-sited Norwegian biotechnology research center—the Centre for Digital Life Norway (DLN), funded in 2015 to stimulate a transition in biotechnology research toward inter- and transdisciplinarity and digitalization. The multi-sited character makes DLN different from the much-studied trend of colocation of research groups in research centers. The paper asks: how are scientists socialized into an interdisciplinary mentality in a multi-sited research center? The analysis focus on three aspects: place, socialization, and the role of affective features and experiences. The paper's main contribution is to demonstrate the role of placemaking in motivating for inter- and transdisciplinary collaboration, in particular by allowing for development of affective relations among the participating scientists. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A key aspect of institutions for conflict resolution is their legitimacy. What legitimacy entails, however, is essentially contested and depends in part on whether one takes a legal, normative, or social perspective. The current special issue aims to gain a better understanding of legitimacy within the context of institutions for conflict resolution by examining (1) whether and, if so, how studying institutions for conflict resolution through the lens of legitimacy can deepen our understanding of these institutions, and (2) whether and, if so, how studying legitimacy in the specific context of institutions for conflict resolution can enrich our understanding of legitimacy. After introducing the term 'institutions for conflict resolution' and detailing current approaches to legitimacy, this Introduction assesses what the potential cross-fertilisation between both concepts may look like. We do so based on the papers included in this special issue, which showcase the diversity of ways in which legitimacy of institutions for conflict resolution may be researched, as they focus on different types of conflicts that take place within different fields of law and involve different kinds of institutions. Finally, we take stock of the insights yielded by the papers included in this issue, and reflect on directions for further research on legitimacy, institutions for conflict resolution, and their cross-fertilisation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper is part of a series of papers dedicated to academic logistics thinking in the context of metacognition. It builds on the first foundational paper by (Glistau et al., 2023). The purpose of this paper is to answer the following research questions: 1. How should the stock of methods in logistics be classified according to research activities, and what are the important research methods in logistics? 2. What knowledge is relevant to logistics as an interdisciplinary research? 3. What new research areas and exemplary research questions can be derived from the interdisciplinarity of logistics? The research results presented here are based on the empirical knowledge of the authors supplemented by selective, complementary literature analyses of relevant literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hidden workers are defined as the three vulnerable subgroups of workers: the underemployed, the unemployed, and the discouraged workers. Hidden workers indeed the group with multiple identities; a transitioning retiree, jobseeker, caring for some, who may also have long term health conditions and ethnic minority all at the same time. Designing an intervention for this group necessitates the transdisciplinary knowledge. Transdisciplinary knowledge is crucial because it can inform how the intersectoral challenges might be addressed in interventions, and how the intersectoral implementation design and evaluation on hidden workers might be designed. This paper maps the intellectual landscape of the hidden workers in aging population literature to identify key disciplinary research clusters; and to find out how those research clusters are investigating hidden workers. With the meta-narrative review methodology on studies retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection, five research clusters were identified: (1) public health approaches to hidden workers, (2) welfare state and aging workforce, (3) older jobseekers, (4) life course perspective, (5) retirement transitions. Each research cluster focuses on different aspects of hidden workers, with varying research questions and rationales. These include conceptualising the determinants of the hidden workers in aging populations and the complex interrelation with public health. Furthermore, we suggest an analytical framework to allow for better understanding between the research traditions based on (1) the chosen socioecological level of analysis, (2) whether the research question is on the determinant for hidden workers or on the outcome of being hidden and (3) the chronosystem (early/middle/later life) timeframe of research question that is addressed. Through this study, we can identify the main issues faced by hidden workers among the older adults and the measures to address these issues as well as opening up a possibility for cross-sectoral policy responses., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2024 Lee and Kang.)