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Stable solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) with high Li+‐ion conductivity is desperately desired for lithium (Li) metal anodes. However, it remains challenging to build a robust SEI rationally for the Li‐metal anodes in carbonate electrolytes. Herein, a heterogeneous nitride‐rich SEI that consists of organic nitrides on the surface and inorganic nitrides inside by stepwise‐reduction electrolyte design is constructed. The heterogeneous structure endows SEI with the capability to capture and distribute Li+ on the surface and facilitate internal Li+ transportation, leading to the redistributed Li+ flux and uniform Li electrodeposition. With the newly‐formulated carbonate electrolyte, Li||Cu cells deliver a high Coulombic efficiency of 98.0% after 300 cycles at 0.5 mA cm‐2 and 0.5 mAh cm‐2. Meanwhile, superb cycling stability is also determined with full Li‐metal cells using LiNi1/3Mn1/3Co1/3O2 and high‐loading LiFePO4 (12.0 mg cm−2) cathodes. This study provides a promising strategy to regulate the SEI components and stabilize the Li anodes by rational electrolyte design. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Zn 2 GeO 4 nanorods were anchored on nickel foam as a binder free anode for SIBs. • Zn 2 GeO 4 @NF anode shows 3D interlinked porous network structure. • The Zn 2 GeO 4 @NF showed excellent electrochemical sodium storage performances. Large-scale energy storage and scarcity of lithium bring exploration interest of high-performance anode materials for sodium-ion batteries (SIBs). Herein, Zn 2 GeO 4 nanorods was anchored directly on nickel foam to form a free standing, binder free anode for SIBs, though a facile hydrothermal method. Benefiting from composite effect of nanorod network structure, conductive network and mechanical stability, the Zn 2 GeO 4 @NF reaches an initial discharge capacity of 882.0 mAh/g and maintains a capacity of 435.6 mAh/g after 400 cycles at 0.1A/g. At a higher current density (2 A/g) Zn 2 GeO 4 @NF also delivers a reversible discharge capacity of 239.7 mAh/g, which is higher than that for the Zn 2 GeO 4 particles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] A three-dimensional LiCl/Li-Al hybrid protective layer is constructed on the lithium metal anode surface, which can effectively facilitate homogeneous Li+ flux distribution and induce even Li nucleation, leading to excellent dendrite inhibition ability and durable interface stability. • Li metal anode surface is modified by a simple salt solution pre-treatment strategy. • A 3D LiCl/Li-Al hybrid interface layers is in-situ constructed on Li metal surface. • The hybrid layer adjusts homogenous ions environment to induce stable Li deposition. • The quasi-solid-state lithium metal batteries deliver excellent cycle stability. The quasi-solid-state metal battery stands out as a promising candidate for the advancement of scalable, safe, and high-performance battery technologies. However, a major challenge remains in the form of short circuits arising from dendrite penetration, a consequence of uneven lithium deposition at the solid electrolyte/lithium anode interface. To address this issue, an in-situ constructed three-dimensional LiCl/Li-Al hybrid protective layer was implemented to inhibit the growth of dendrites. The enhanced interfacial dynamics were meticulously elucidated through a synergistic analysis of simulation and experimental results, highlighting the facilitation of Li+ flux distribution and uniform mass transfers introduced by the lithiophilic Li-Al alloy component. As a result, the modified Li anode enables stable Li stripping/plating cycling at a high current density of 1.0 mA·cm−2 and over 500 h at 0.2 mA·cm−2 for 0.2 mAh·cm−2 in the quasi-solid-state symmetric batteries. Additionally, the full cell with a LiFePO 4 cathode maintains a high discharge capacity of 136.2 mAh/g after 400 cycles at 0.5C with a capacity retention of approximately 90 %. These findings demonstrate the application potential of Li anodes with a surface treatment for quasi-solid-state lithium metal battery applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Herein, nanosized fumed silica (FS) with poor electrical conductivity is used as an "electron inhibitor" between Li metal and garnet solid electrolyte (SE) to prevent lithium dendrite growth. The FS demonstrated its effectiveness in preventing the fast lithium dendrite propagation during the long-term lithium stripping and plating processes, leading to an enhanced battery performance. We believe this study could help shed light on such electron inhibitors in constructing all-solid-state batteries (ASSBs) with superior cycling performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]