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• This study determines the mercury levels distribution in fish and fish products. • PCA analyzed the relationships with fish types, weight, protein, and lipid contents. • Hg range in fish species was between 0.001 mg/kg ww and 0.406 mg/kg ww. • Hg had a positive correlation with protein but a negative correlation with lipid. • Predatory fish species that contain higher lipids contained lower Hg levels. This study investigates the mercury (Hg) levels distribution in fish and fish products and their relationships with fish types, weights, protein, and lipid contents in Qatar. Principal component analysis (PCA) was employed to analyze the influence of lipids and protein content on Hg accumulation in the fish tissues. Additionally, the impact of Hg concentration and fish consumption on the estimated weekly intake (EWI). The PCA results showed that Hg contamination levels are primarily affected by protein-lipid content in predatory species. The results showed that high lipid content reflected lower Hg levels and that high Hg levels in fish with high lipid content indicated a polluted environment. The finding of the PCA of EWI, consumption, and Mercury concentration indicate that EWI is highly correlated to Mercury concentration except in the case of low Mercury concentration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]