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Knowledge transfer is considered the efficient way to improve regional innovation, but relatively little is known about how the innovation efficiency of scientific and technological (S&T) talents is affected by knowledge transfer within institutional environment, particularly, limited studies carried out regional differentiation analysis. Using panel data from 30 provinces in China between 2005 and 2017, this article empirically tests the influence of the institutional environment on knowledge transfer and analyses its impact between knowledge transfer and innovation efficiency of S&T talents in China. The results show knowledge transfer can significantly improve both the scientific and the economic innovation efficiency of S&T talents. Moreover, the effects of knowledge transfer on the innovation efficiency of S&T talents in eastern, central and western China had heterogeneity. Formal and informal institutions play mediating roles between knowledge transfer and innovation efficiency of S&T talents. This study contributes to the literature by constructing an econometric model with identified variables to test the impact of knowledge transfer on the innovation efficiency of S&T talents in China, in addition, the equation about knowledge transfer was explored. The research findings are valuable to regional governments and policymakers; our empirical evidence helps to develop more efficient strategy and policy planning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Foreign direct investment (FDI) technology spillovers play an increasingly important role in a host country's development. Evaluating the positive effect of FDI inflows on green innovation is essential for correct city design. Based on the panel data of 262 cities in China from 2004 to 2018, we first analyzed the impact of FDI technology spillovers on green innovation in Chinese cities and then tested the threshold effect in four absorptive capacity factors: environmental regulation, economic growth, human capital, and industry size. Finally, we compared the time and space of two types of cities crossing the threshold from the perspective of innovative and non-innovative cities. The results show that FDI can significantly promote green innovation in Chinese cities and the promoting effect of FDI on green innovation has nonlinear characteristics, namely, such effects only make sense when absorptive capacity is above the threshold points. Additionally, among the four absorptive capacity factors, the development degrees of innovative cities are ahead of non-innovative cities; in particular, there is a significant difference between them in terms of economic growth. Local governments should develop reasonable policy combination tools according to the absorptive capacity characteristics of different cities to effectively promote the technology spillover effect of FDI and achieve coordinated ecological and economic development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Universities are important parts of innovation ecosystems, and university technology transfer (UTT), which aims for the sustainable commercialization of sci-tech achievements, is closely related to other actors in the ecosystem. Based on the panel data of 31 provinces in mainland China, this paper empirically analyzes the spatiotemporal distribution characteristics of UTT levels from 2011 to 2019 and estimates the influencing factors using the spatial Durbin model (SDM) with an economic spatial weighting matrix from the perspective of innovation ecosystems. The results are presented as follows: (1) Although the overall level of UTT in China is low, it shows an upward trend in most provinces. In addition, the interprovincial gap is obvious, forming a ladder distribution of UTT levels increasing from west to east. (2) There is a significant spatial autocorrelation between UTT levels in the provinces. (3) Industry, economy, and informatization play significant roles in promoting UTT, while financial institutes and openness have significant inhibitory effects. The economy has a significant spatial spillover effect on UTT, while government, industry and informatization have a significant inhibitory effect on UTT in neighboring regions. (4) The direct and indirect effects of influencing factors in the Eastern Region and other regions show significant spatial heterogeneity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Interregional collaboration is a core element of Chinese innovation policy, as it accelerates the knowledge recombination across geographic boundaries and promotes regional R&D performance. This study emphasizes interregional collaboration and investigates its effect on R&D productivity using 2009–2017 panel data for 30 Chinese provinces. Furthermore, it examines the relationship between interregional research collaboration and interregional gaps of R&D productivity based on a multistage perspective. Our findings reveal that although interregional collaboration and R&D productivity in China constantly improved during the study period, there is to some extent a mismatch in their spatial distribution. We find that interregional collaboration is required to support overall R&D productivity. We also emphasize that interregional collaboration contributes more to narrowing the interregional gaps of knowledge productivity (rather than technology transfer productivity). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Innovation is intrinsically dependent on the construction of local infrastructure. Using panel data on 285 cities in China, we empirically examined the impact of high-speed rails on urban innovation and the mechanism underlying this effect. We found that high-speed rails significantly increase urban innovation. In our analysis, high-speed rails were found to increase the agglomeration of innovation factors, including population and investment, which in turn increase urban technological innovation. The agglomeration of investment factors brought about by high-speed rails is the main source of the improvement in urban innovation. Through the use of a spatial panel model, we found that high-speed rails promote knowledge dissemination and technology spillovers among the cities along high-speed railways, thus improving their innovation levels. However, the existing effects of high-speed rails on innovation exhibit spatial heterogeneity. We confirmed the effect of high-speed rails on innovation and explored the mechanism underlying this effect by considering the effects of factor agglomeration and knowledge spillovers. Our conclusions can be used as a resource by policymakers to stimulate knowledge and technology diffusion, which in turn cultivates and stimulates urban innovation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The universities' scientific and technological activities have become the key link of science and technology and economy, and the core of promoting the national innovation capability and competitiveness. To achieve high-quality development of China's science and technology, it is of great significance to measure the efficiency of universities' scientific and technological activities accurately and explore their regional differences. Based on the innovation value chain, we construct a two-stage efficiency measure index system of universities' scientific and technological activity, and then according to the universities' statistical data in China from 2010 to 2017, by taking provincial universities as the research object, we exploit a two-stage network DEA model with shared input to measure the provincial efficiency of universities' scientific and technological activities in China; what is more, we explore the provincial differences in efficiency of universities' scientific and technological activities. Finally, we extract the influencing factors on the efficiency of universities' scientific and technological activities using the dynamic panel data model. The results show that there are serious problems in the transformation between knowledge output and results in the universities' scientific and technological activities. The scientific and technological activities of regional universities in China are not balanced. For provincial universities' efficiency of scientific and technological activities, there exist great differences among different time and space, stages, and resource utilization modes. The endogenous factors such as policy system and technology service are much more important factors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The effect of technological innovation on renewable energy development has drawn attention from scholars and policymakers. Based on a panel dataset covering 30 provinces in China from 2005 to 2017, the present study aims to examine how renewable energy technological innovation (RETI), represented by patent stock considering the decay and diffusion of renewable energy technologies, promotes renewable power generation (RPG) by nonspatial and spatial econometric models. The results indicate that 1) a 1% increase in the RETI level of a particular province, on average, leads to a 0.411% increase in RPG in that province directly and a 3.264% increase in RPG in its neighboring provinces through technology diffusion; 2) the effect of RETI on RPG will be underestimated by 12.7% if the decay and diffusion of technologies are not considered; 3) the estimation coefficients of RETI are insufficiently sensitive to the values of the decay and diffusion rates; 4) spatial dependence plays a vital role in exploring the impact of RETI on RPG, and this impact will be underestimated by 34.3% if spatial dependence is ignored. • Renewable energy technological innovation (RETI) contributes to renewable power generation. • Indirect effect of RETI on renewable power generation is 8 times greater than direct effect. • Coefficients can be underestimated if technological decay and diffusion are not considered. • Effect of innovation is not sensitive to the decay or diffusion rates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Using panel data from 2008 to 2017 in 30 provinces and cities in eastern, central and western my country, the Theil index is used to analyze the status quo of regional economic gaps. Then, the spatial effect is introduced to establish a spatial econometric model of the impact of industrial transfer, multiple capital allocation and their interaction on regional economic disparity. Results Table It shows that the economic disparity between and within the eastern, central and western regions is gradually decreasing over time, among which, the economic development within the eastern, central and western regions is Disequilibrium is the main source of uncoordinated regional economic development in my country. In the eastern region, industrial transfer and financial capital as well as industrial transfer and technological capital The interaction of capital is an important factor to promote the convergence of regional economic gap; in the central region, the interaction of industrial transfer and financial capital has a significant impact on the provincial economy. The narrowing of the gap has a catalytic effect; in the western region, the interaction between industrial transfer and technical capital and human capital is conducive to narrowing the economic gap. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The world faces various challenges in terms of environmental sustainability. An increasing world population, the rigidity of traditional production and consumption patterns, the complexity of economic activities, globalization, and harmful emissions intensify environmental pressures. In this context, the evaluation of various environmental policy instruments is important to alleviate environmental pressures and, thus, combat climate change. This study aims to investigate the impact of environmental taxes, renewable energy consumption, and environmental technology on the ecological footprint in OECD countries by using data from 1994 to 2018 and modern panel data techniques. The results of the AMG estimator indicate that environmental taxation and renewable energy consumption play a role in reducing the ecological footprint; however, results imply that environmental technology does not have a statistically significant effect on the ecological footprint. In addition, we applied DCCE and CS-ARDL estimators to obtain robustness results and observed that the findings remained valid. Therefore, the results of the study suggest that regulations to increase the effectiveness of environmental taxes, renewable energy consumption, and environmental technology should be promoted to ensure environmental sustainability. • We examined the impact of environmental taxes on the ecological footprint in OECD countries. • This study applied an advanced panel data model for the period 1994–2018. • Environmental taxes have the effect of reducing the ecological footprint. • DCCE and CS-ARDL approach validated the robustness of the findings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Many countries have considered energy subsidies, with both successes and failures. Energy subsidies often have failed to achieve their stated objective of advancing national economic, social, and technological progress. Budgetary savings from the removal of energy subsidies and the resulting upsurge in energy prices may induce the adoption of innovative technologies in a country. The economic impact of energy subsidies has been analyzed for many countries in the literature. However, this issue with energy technology innovation using panel analysis has not yet been thoroughly investigated. Therefore, this study is intended to discover the effect of energy subsidies on energy technology innovation in the 25 highest energy subsidy-providing countries for the period of 2010–2020, employing advanced econometric approaches. The results confirm that energy subsidies and energy technology innovation are significantly cointegrated, and the removal of energy subsidies stimulates technological innovation, which induces the adoption of a renewable-based polygeneration system. The policy implication of this paper suggests going for further innovations in energy subsidy reforms for sustainability and technological innovation for polygeneration that may contribute to clean, sustainable, and affordable energy for all (SDG-7). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Participation in international industrial transfer (IIT) provides a significant opportunity and a motivation to improve China's industrial land production efficiency (ILPE). This study aims to investigate the overall role, heterogeneous impact and indirect mechanism of IIT in improving Chinese ILPE. This paper uses the Directional Distance Functions - Data Envelope Analysis (DDF-DEA) model to measure ILPE, economic output efficiency, and pollution reduction efficiency, the Global Malmquist Luenberger (GML) index to decompose the growth of ILPE into "technical efficiency change (EC)" and "technological change (TC)". The panel data of Chinese provinces from 2003 to 2018 and the Fixed-Effect model is used to examine the impact of IIT on ILPE. The primary outcomes suggest that participation in IIT has generally improved the ILPE in China. This promotion effect is evident after 2010, and IIT has a significant impact on the improvement of ILPE in extensive and inefficient areas. Similarly, IIT promotes the economic output efficiency of industrial land from the perspective of expected output and reduces unexpected output. This impact helps in improving pollution reduction efficiency of industrial land. The technology spillover brought by IIT improves the Chinese ILPE from two channels, including promoting technological progress and improving technical efficiency. However, the technology spillover mainly promotes the ILPE in land use high-efficient areas by promoting technological progress. Likewise, the ILPE is promoted by improving technical efficiency from a regional perspective in extensive and inefficient areas. This study provides valuable insights for the improvement of ILPE to optimize land resources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present study aims to fill an important research gap by investigating the role of environmental-related technologies on energy demand and energy efficiency in a sample of 28 OECD economies. The current study utilizes annual data for the period of 1990–2014 and employs panel estimation techniques, which addresses the issues of cross-sectional dependence, fixed effect, and endogeneity. The results, across various estimates, confirm that environmental technology has a substantial negative influence on energy consumption and also plays an important role in improving energy efficiency by reducing energy intensity. These evidences suggest that environmental technology helps the OECD economies to reduce their overall energy consumption and improves overall energy efficiency in their respective countries. The comprehensive empirical outcomes document that financial development and income are the key determinants of energy demand. Given these results, the study proposes several fruitful implications regarding sustainable development goals of OECD countries. • The effect of environmental technology on energy demand and efficiency. • Comprehensive panel data and econometric techniques are used. • The evidences confirm that environmental technology reduces energy consumption. • The environmental technology also promotes energy efficiency. • The study offers important policy related implications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cheng H.; Wang B., 2019. Multiplier Effect of Science and Technology Innovation in Regional Economic Development: Based on Panel Data of Coastal Cities. In: Gong, D.; Zhu, H., and Liu, R. (eds.), Selected Topics in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 94, pp. 883–890. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208. Science and technology innovation is the core power of economic development, but the influence mechanism effect of science and technology innovation and economic development is still a theoretical blind spot to be elucidated. The input of science and technology innovation factors leads to the multiplier effect of economic development through three levels of diffusion to realize high external economic benefits under low capital input. Through theoretical analysis and empirical research, this paper proves that: In terms of research samples of six coastal provinces and cities from 2000 to 2017, science and technology innovation factors have a strong multiplier effect on regional economic development; the input of new type of practical patent significantly improves the regional economic level in the current period and the lag phase effect is further improved; the input of R and D investment significantly improves the regional economic level in the current period, and the promotion effect is slightly decreased in the lag phase. At present, China's economic development is gradually moving towards marketzation. We should synchronously use "visible hands" to give policy incentives to regions with high capital stock for science and technology innovation and develop the multiplier effect of science and technology innovation in economic development through various paths. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]