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There is uncertainty whether postoperative application of paper tape (PT) improves scar aesthetics and reduces wound closure complications. This study aimed to review and assess the quality of applicable findings from studies investigating PT’s efficacy. We queried PubMed and SCOPUS using the search terms “((“paper tape”) AND (wound OR closure OR heal* OR complication OR skin OR prevent* OR scar*)).” We excluded articles that were duplicates, basic science, or not clinically relevant. We assessed the level of evidence for each article using the American Society of Plastic Surgeons (ASPS) Rating Levels of Evidence and Grading Recommendations for Therapeutic Studies, ranging from I (highest) to V (lowest). Of 186 publications reviewed, we included eight studies in the literature review. Five of these studies reported statistically significant positive outcomes on scar aesthetics and wound closure associated with using PT. Using the ASPS rating system, we found that two studies were Level I, three studies were Level II, two studies were Level IV, and one study was Level V. Notably, heterogeneity in the study designs limited outcome comparison. The data from the studies included in this literature review support using PT to optimize scar and wound management. The lack of higher levels of evidence, however, suggests the need for additional randomized controlled trials to rigorously evaluate patient outcomes when using PT compared with other forms of adhesive dressings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

While the literature is abundant on hand therapy assessment and treatment of nonsurgical thumb carpometacarpal (CMC) osteoarthritis (OA), clarity and uniformity are meager, making it a desirable diagnosis to establish expert consensus. This study aimed to ascertain if consensus exists for the assessment and treatment of nonsurgical management of thumb CMC OA in the hand therapy clinical setting. This was a consensus paper via the modified Delphi approach. A modified Delphi method was used to determine consensus among an expert panel, including hand therapists and hand surgeons, via two online surveys. A consensus paper steering committee (from the American Society of Hand Therapist's research division) designed the surveys and analyzed responses. Consensus was established as 75% agreement among the expert panel. Demographic information was collected from the expert panel. The expert panel included 34 hand therapists and seven hand surgeons. The survey response rates were 93.6% for the first survey and 90.2% for the second survey. Consensus recommendations were classified according to the World Health Organization categorization. These included evaluating the body structures for clinical signs/clinical testing and body functions for pain, range of motion for palmar abduction, radial abduction, opposition, and thumb metacarpal phalangeal flexion/extension, and grip and tripod pinch strength. Further consensus recommendations were for the assessment of function using a region-specific, upper extremity patient-reported outcome measure (activity and participation), environmental factors, outcome expectation, and illness perception within the patient's unique environmental and social contexts. Treatment recommendations included the use of an orthosis during painful activities, a dynamic stability program (stable C posture, release of tight adductors, and strengthening of stabilizers), patient education, joint protection techniques, adaptive equipment, and functional-based intervention. The findings describe the consensus of a group of experts and provide a clinical reference tool on the hand therapy assessment and treatment of nonsurgical thumb CMC joint OA. • A consensus paper using a modified Delphi process to determine consensus on non-surgical assessment and treatment of thumb CMC OA. • Assessment recommendations: evaluate clinical signs/testing, pain, thumb range of motion grip and tripod pinch, a region-specific PROM, environmental factors, outcome expectation, and illness perception. • Treatment: orthosis during painful activities as needed, a dynamic stability program, patient education, joint protection techniques, adaptive equipment, and functional based intervention. • Findings provide a clinical reference tool on hand therapy assessment and treatment of non-surgical CMC joint OA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This paper outlines the theoretical and empirical basis for compassion focused therapy (CFT) for psychosis, the gaps in the current knowledge and research, as well as some of the challenges for addressing gaps. It will guide the direction of future work and the steps needed to develop and advance this approach. Method: This paper reviews evidence of how evolutionary models such as social rank theory and attachment theory have greatly contributed to our understanding of psychosis and provide a clear rationale and evidence base for the mechanisms of change in CFT for psychosis. It reviews the evidence for outcomes of compassion training more generally, and early feasibility evaluations of CFT for psychosis. Results: The process evidence shows that people with psychosis have highly active social rank and threat systems, and the benefits of switching into attachment and care systems, which can support emotion regulation and integrative mind states. The outcomes evidence shows that compassion training impacts not only psychological outcomes, but also physiological outcomes such as neural circuits, immune system, and the autonomic nervous system. Within the psychosis field, outcomes research is still in the early days, but there are good indications of feasibility and a clear path forward for the next steps. Conclusions: CFT for psychosis is an approach that integrates biopsychosocial processes, an integration that's evidenced across each aspect of the model, from theoretical foundations (evolution‐informed) to interventions (e.g., body/breath training and relational techniques), to evaluation. Future RCTs are required to understand the effects on biopsychosocial outcomes for people with psychosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Bookkeeper, the most widely used deacidification process based on MgO particles, was systematically evaluated on two sets of nonvaluable historical paper samples. Established analytical methods, such as pH and alkaline reserve determination, were used, as well as SEM EDS analyses to evaluate the distribution of Mg-rich particles on the paper surface and in the cross-section of the paper. The degradation rate constants of untreated and deacidified paper samples after accelerated thermal degradation were calculated based on weight average molecular mass determination to evaluate the lifetime extension of paper. The efficiency factors determined after accelerated thermal degradation of untreated and treated paper showed that paper lifetime prolongation after Bookkeeper deacidification treatment is highly limited for most of the investigated paper samples. No correlation was found between the alkaline reserve content or the pH and the degradation rate constants of the deacidified paper samples, but the paper degradation rate correlated with the paper samples pH before deacidification treatment. SEM EDS analysis showed that Mg-rich particles remained on the paper surface, which explains the limited effectiveness of the treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) introduced the Severe Sepsis/Septic Shock Management Bundle (SEP-1) as a pay-for-reporting measure in 2015 and is now planning to make it a pay-for-performance measure by incorporating it into the Hospital Value-Based Purchasing Program. This joint IDSA/ACEP/PIDS/SHEA/SHM/SIPD position paper highlights concerns with this change. Multiple studies indicate that SEP-1 implementation was associated with increased broad-spectrum antibiotic use, lactate measurements, and aggressive fluid resuscitation for patients with suspected sepsis but not with decreased mortality rates. Increased focus on SEP-1 risks further diverting attention and resources from more effective measures and comprehensive sepsis care. We recommend retiring SEP-1 rather than using it in a payment model and shifting instead to new sepsis metrics that focus on patient outcomes. CMS is developing a community-onset sepsis 30-day mortality electronic clinical quality measure (eCQM) that is an important step in this direction. The eCQM preliminarily identifies sepsis using systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) criteria, antibiotic administrations or diagnosis codes for infection or sepsis, and clinical indicators of acute organ dysfunction. We support the eCQM but recommend removing SIRS criteria and diagnosis codes to streamline implementation, decrease variability between hospitals, maintain vigilance for patients with sepsis but without SIRS, and avoid promoting antibiotic use in uninfected patients with SIRS. We further advocate for CMS to harmonize the eCQM with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's (CDC) Adult Sepsis Event surveillance metric to promote unity in federal measures, decrease reporting burden for hospitals, and facilitate shared prevention initiatives. These steps will result in a more robust measure that will encourage hospitals to pay more attention to the full breadth of sepsis care, stimulate new innovations in diagnosis and treatment, and ultimately bring us closer to our shared goal of improving outcomes for patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Brachytherapy is a type of radiation therapy, in which a radiation source is placed directly or close to a tumor. It is commonly used to treat skin cancer, and enables precise irradiation treatment of affected area (planning target volume - PTV) while minimizing exposure dose to surrounding healthy tissue (organs at risk - OARs). Recently, the use of 3D printing has begun revolutionizing brachytherapy, as it allows manufacturing of custom-designed applicators for unique shape of skin topography, tumor, and surrounding tissues. Outcome of the combination of 3D printing and brachytherapy has several advantages over traditional treatment planning methods. Some of the advantages are intuitive, whereas others can be concluded from a literature overview as follows: 1) Possibility of developing patient-specific applicators that precisely match the shape of tumor area; 2) Reduction of the time required for applicator production, especially when custom-made devices are needed; 3) Reduction of manufacturing costs; 4) Treatment procedures improvement; 5) Improvement of safety measures accelerated by the development of smart materials (e.g., polymer filaments with admixture of heavy elements); 6) Possibility of nearly instant adjustment into tumor treatment (applicators can be changed as the tumor is changing its shape); and 7) Applicators designed to securely fit to treatment area to hold radioactive source always in the same place for each fraction. Consequently, tumor-provided dose is accurate and leads to effective treatment. In this review paper, we investigated the current state-of-the-art of the application of 3D printing in brachytherapy. A number of existing reports were chosen and reviewed in terms of printing technology, materials used, treatment effectiveness, and fabrication protocols. Furthermore, the development of future directions that should be considered by collaborative teams bridging different fields of science, such as medicine, physics, chemistry, and material science were summarized. With the indicated topics, we hope to stimulate the innovative progress of 3D printing technology in brachytherapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Focused Clinical Question: Is there evidence to suggest that transcranial direct current stimulation improves clinical and patient-reported outcomes in patients with chronic ankle instability? Clinical Bottom Line: Evidence from two clinical studies supports the use of transcranial direct current stimulation for improving outcomes in patients with chronic ankle instability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: In allergic asthma patients, one of the more common phenotypes might benefit from allergen immunotherapy (AIT) as add‐on intervention to pharmacological treatment. AIT is a treatment with disease‐modifying modalities, the evidence for efficacy is based on controlled clinical trials following standardized endpoint measures. However, so far there is a lack of a consensus for asthma endpoints in AIT trials. The aim of a task force (TF) of the European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (EAACI) is evaluating several outcome measures for AIT in allergic asthma. Methods: The following domains of outcome measures in asthmatic patients have been evaluated for this position paper (PP): (i) exacerbation rate, (ii) lung function, (iii) ICS withdrawal, (iv) symptoms and rescue medication use, (v) questionnaires (PROMS), (vi) bronchial/nasal provocation, (vii) allergen exposure chambers (AEC) and (viii) biomarkers. Results: Exacerbation rate can be used as a reliable objective primary outcome; however, there is limited evidence due to different definitions of exacerbation. The time after ICS withdrawal to first exacerbation is considered a primary outcome measure. Besides, the advantages and disadvantages and clinical implications of further domains of asthma endpoints in AIT trials are elaborated in this PP. Conclusion: This EAACI‐PP aims to highlight important aspects of current asthma measures by critically evaluating their applicability for controlled trials of AIT. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article examines the impact of long-term pulmonary rehabilitation on adults diagnosed with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, revealing no significant enhancement in 6-minute walk distance compared to standard care but demonstrating notable improvements in endurance time. It addresses outcomes related to exercise capacity, the effectiveness of rehabilitation programs in enhancing functional abilities, and the specific benefits observed in endurance levels among patients with this condition.

The article focuses on a commentary that critically appraises the potential of eccentric resistance training to enhance strength and power, yet not improve gait in patients with neurological conditions. Topics discussed include the study's findings on the effects of eccentric resistance training, its implications for rehabilitation strategies, and the need for further research to address gait-related outcomes in this patient population.

Chronic or refractory breathlessness adversely affects quality of life. Current treatment strategies for managing breathlessness are often inadequate in providing complete relief. Kinesiology taping is generally used in musculoskeletal practice for preventive and rehabilitative purposes. Recently, our attention was drawn to the plausible mechanism(s) and indication for use of kinesiology taping for managing chronic breathlessness. We present a brief review of the scientific rationale and efficacy of kinesiology taping for respiratory function-related outcomes. Through this publication, we hope to catalyse discussions amongst palliative care professionals and researchers on the potential use of kinesiology taping in the management of chronic breathlessness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Organ donation following circulatory determination of death (DCDD) has contributed significantly to the donor pool in several countries, without compromising the outcomes of transplantation or the number of donations following brain death (BD). In India, majority of deceased donations happen following BD. While existing legislation allows for DCDD, there have been only a few reports of kidney transplantation following DCDD from the country. This document, prepared by a multi-disciplinary group of experts, reviews the international best practices in DCDD and outlines the path for furthering the same in India. The ethical, medical, legal, economic, procedural, and logistic challenges unique to India for all types of DCDD based on the Modified Maastricht Criteria have been addressed. India follows an opt-in system for organ donation that does not allow much scope for uncontrolled DCDD categories I and II. The practice of withdrawal of life-sustaining treatment (WLST) in India is in its infancy. The process of WLST, laid down by the Supreme Court of India, is considered time-consuming, possible only in patients in a permanent vegetative state, and considered too cumbersome for day-to-day practice. In patients where continued medical care is determined to be futile following detailed and repeated assessment, the procedure for WLST, as laid down and published by Vidhi Centre for Legal Policy in conjunction with leading medical experts is described. In controlled DCDD (category-III), the decision for WLST is independent of and delinked from the subsequent possibility of organ donation. Once families are inclined toward organ donation, they are explained the procedure including the timing and location of WLST, consent for antemortem measures, no-touch period, and the possibility of stand down and return to the intensive care unit without donation. While donation following neurologic determination of death (DNDD) is being increasingly practiced in the country, there are instances where the cardiac arrest occurs during the process of declaration of BD, before organ retrieval has been done. Protocol for DCDD category-IV deals with such situations and is described in detail. In DCDD category V, organ donation may be possible following unsuccessful cardiopulmonary resuscitation of cardiac arrest in the intensive care. An outline of organ-specific requisites for kidney, liver, heart, and lung transplantation following DCDD and the use of techniques such as normothermic regional perfusion and ex vivo machine perfusion has been provided. With increasing experience, the outcomes of transplantation following DCDD are comparable to those following DBDD or living donor transplantation. Documents and checklists necessary for the successful execution of DCDD in India are described. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Optimising stoma appliances to manage stoma output to prevent leakage, associated peri-stomal skin damage and the subsequent negative impacts on quality of life is a key role for stomal therapy nursing. Use of deep convex stoma appliances to achieve optimal management of stoma output is often required when stomas are retracted, in deep skin folds or with uneven skin surface. Choosing convexity has often been described as subjective using observation combined with clinical experience and a period of trial and error to achieve appropriate appliance selection. This paper describes the methodology to replicate assessment of the depth and slope of convexity, individualised to the person's stoma in a skin fold using a camera and common measurement tools. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This paper aims to outline the initial pilot use of the client complexity matrix (CCM), an outcome measure developed for an NHS Adult Intellectual Disabilities Intensive Support Team (IST) in the West Midlands of England. Design/methodology/approach: A mixed method approach was used to report the results and evaluate the use of the CCM within this IST. The CCM was trialled for six months between January 2022 and June 2022. CCM scores pre and post IST intervention were analysed via t-test, and qualitative feedback from clinicians is detailed. Findings: Analysis suggests the CCM captures service success showing a significant decrease in complexity and risk post-intervention. Qualitative comments from clinicians were generally positive; however, there were requested changes regarding specific presentations, use of labels/language and for a digital version. Research limitations/implications: The tool is not co-constructed with the client. Because of this IST's caseload, the sample size was small. Only one clinician was asked to complete the CCM pre and post intervention. Future use of the measure will encourage two clinicians to complete the measure to evidence its inter-rater reliability. Each client's specific presentation was not explicitly analysed here. Practical implications: The CCM will be updated using the feedback from clinicians and from the peer review process. Research that examines the generalisability of this measure to other IST services would be beneficial. Originality/value: The CCM appears to fill a gap in outcome measurements for this IST service which looks at breadth and depth of client complexity and risk. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The management of postoperative bleeding, after gastric endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD), has become particularly important because of the recent increase in antithrombotic use. Endoscopic shielding with polyglycolic acid (PGA) sheets has been shown to be effective. However, shrinkage and early displacement of the sheet remain challenges. This study aimed to determine the efficacy and safety of our developed method, named wafer paper and ring-mounted PGA sheet (WaRP). Twenty-four patients with antithrombotic uptake who underwent the WaRP method following gastric ESD were retrospectively examined. This involved the delivery of a PGA sheet wrapped in wafer paper with ring-thread, and its fixation on the gastric floor using hemoclips. The primary outcome was the technical success rate of the WaRP, and several secondary outcomes were evaluated. The technical success rate of WaRP was 100%. The procedure lasted a mean of 10.5 min (SD 6.7 min). The prevalence of complete retention at follow-up endoscopy was 83.3% (20/24). There were no WaRP-associated complications, but post-ESD hemorrhage occurred in two patients undergoing hemodialysis (8.3%). The WaRP method is a simple and reliable means of PGA sheet delivery and placement that reduces the incidence of post-ESD hemorrhage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There is a gap in research on how best to support exercise in moderate to severe MS. The objective of this study is to share perspectives of people living with MS and physiotherapists on their experiences in a randomized clinical trial of online physiotherapy vs. an active comparator. Semi-structured exit interviews were conducted with volunteer participants from the online and comparator arms of the trial, and focus groups were held with study physiotherapists. Transcripts were analyzed using reflexive thematic analysis. Perspectives from participants with MS yielded three themes: usability of their program, utility of their program, and motivation to participate. Visual and dexterity impairments limited the usability of the online program. Having an opportunity "to be pushed" was valued by participants in both trial arms. Motivation to exercise was variable, and participants desired periodic face-to-face contact with their physiotherapists. Perspectives from trial physiotherapists yielded similar and complementary findings concerning usability and utility. Participants with MS and physiotherapists found the online physiotherapy platform useful for supporting exercise, yet they identified some limitations. As the appeal of online platforms has increased since the pandemic, it will be important to consider the needs of people with moderate to severe MS. NCT03039400. People with moderate-to-severe MS and physiotherapists involved in a clinical trial found online physiotherapy useful for supporting exercise. Physiotherapists and participants using the online program desired improved platform accommodations for people living with MS with visual and dexterity impairments. Physiotherapists and people living with MS from both the online exercise program and comparator groups perceived a need for more face-to-face contact and opportunities to build therapeutic alliance. Perspectives from prescribing physiotherapists and people living with MS about supporting exercise online may have practice implications during and post-pandemic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: There are presently a number of eating disorder treatment interventions that have a research-evidence base to support their effectiveness. However, rates of attrition and treatment outcomes demonstrate that there is no one-size fits all for the treatment of eating disorders. Narrative therapy is a promising, but under-researched, intervention for the treatment of eating disorders (EDs). The aim of this study was to conduct a narrative synthesis of the literature to explore the content and use of narrative therapy in the treatment of EDs. Method: Data were extracted from 33 eligible included studies following systematic search of five data bases. Data included aims and objectives, sample characteristics, treatment details and components of narrative therapy, which informed the narrative synthesis. The study is reported according to the Preferred Reporting items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Results: Narrative therapy interventions for EDs consisted of several components including the narrative worldview; unpacking the problem story; finding, thickening the meaning and performance of stories hidden by the problem story; and safety considerations. A notable proportion of the extracted articles discussed components of unpacking problem stories, and finding and re-authoring openings (or unique outcomes) that were hidden by problematic stories. Relatively fewer papers discussed the processes by identity shifts were performed or lived out, including in the eating practices of those with a lived ED experience. Furthermore, few papers addressed how therapists established client safety within the narrative framework when working with EDs. Conclusion: This narrative synthesis found that narrative practitioners utilise a variety of narrative therapy techniques in working with individuals with a lived ED experience. The current literature has emphasis on specific narrative therapy techniques used in ED treatments, with some aspects of the narrative worldview and safety considerations left undiscussed. Additional research is needed to explore how identity shifts in narrative therapy are performed and lead to measurable behavioural changes, and to consider how safety considerations can be established within the narrative worldview. Plain English summary: There are a number of psychological therapies for eating disorders that have research evidence-base. These treatments, however, do not work for everyone as indicated by drop-out rates and eating disorders running a severe and enduring course for some people. Narrative therapy is a therapeutic intervention that has been reported as a promising intervention for people with an eating disorder. The focus of narrative therapy is to engage the person in finding identities hidden by problem-saturated identities and in the performance of these hidden identities. In this review, we have explored the use of narrative therapy for eating disorders to identify what aspects of this therapy are currently being used and which components are less referenced in the literature. Findings from this study support the need for further research into narrative therapy components in the treatment of eating disorders, particularly how hidden identities are performed and safety considerations are integrated into this therapeutic intervention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The most impactful research on pediatric type 1 diabetes (T1D) remains unknown. Objective: We aimed to evaluate the characteristics and impact of the 100 most-cited articles on pediatric T1D. Materials and Methods: Using a predefined bibliometric strategy, the Scopus database was searched for high-cited papers (HCPs) published from 2001 to 2020. Articles were evaluated for data on the publication year, countries, authors, journals, topics, and types. Social network analysis was performed to visualize the interaction among countries, organizations, and authors using VOSviewer software. Results: The top 100 HCPs received 390 to 4634 citations, averaging 773.5 citations per paper (CPP). The funded HCPs (n = 50) had a higher impact (CPP 791.5). The majority of HCPs (n = 83) were collaborative. Classifying by research type, 65 studies were clinical (n = 65), risk factors (n = 27), epidemiology (n = 26), pathophysiology (n = 16), treatment outcome (n = 13), genetics (n = 12), complications (n = 3), quality of life (n = 2), and prognosis (n = 1). The number of authors involved was 1,101, affiliated with 545 organizations in 27 countries; the USA (n = 64) and the UK (n = 24) were the most productive countries, whereas Australia and the UK were the most impactful. D.M. Nathan and J.M. Lawrence were the most prolific authors, while P. Raskin and J.M. Lachin were the most impactful. Conclusions: High-income countries such as the USA, UK, and Australia contribute significantly to high-impact pediatric T1D research. Funding and collaboration improve the impact of citations in publications. Less researched areas such as treatment outcomes, genetics, complications, quality of life, and prognosis should be the focus of future research on pediatric T1D. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses a study which found that a short course of opioids did not provide pain relief in patients with acute low back or neck pain compared to a placebo.

The article explores the effectiveness of high-intensity vs. low-intensity resistance training for knee osteoarthritis patients.

The article explores the effectiveness of a personalized care pathway for chronic knee pain after knee replacement surgery.

The article evaluates the effectiveness of high-intensity vs. low-intensity resistance training for knee osteoarthritis patients.

Background: Narrative therapy has been proposed to have practice-based evidence however little is known about its research evidence-base in the treatment of eating disorders. The aim of this study was to conduct a systematic review of the outcome literature of narrative therapy for eating disorders. Method: Treatment outcome data were extracted from 33 eligible included studies following systematic search of five data bases. The study is reported according to Preferred Reporting items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. Results: Of the identified 33 studies, 3 reported positive outcomes using psychometric instruments, albeit some were outdated. Otherwise, reported outcomes were based on therapy transcript material and therapist reports. The most commonly reported treatment outcome was in relation to shifts in identity narratives and improved personal agency with a trend towards under-reporting shifts in ED symptoms. Some improvements were reported in interpersonal and occupational engagement, reduced ED symptoms, and improved quality of life, however, there was an absence of standardized measures to support these reports. Conclusions: This systematic review found limited support for narrative therapy in the treatment of eating disorders through practice-based evidence in clinician reports and transcripts of therapy sessions. Less is known about systematic treatment outcomes of narrative therapy. There is a need to fill this gap to understand the effectiveness of narrative therapy in the treatment of EDs through systematic (1) Deliveries of this intervention; and (2) Reporting of outcomes. In doing so, the research arm of narrative therapy evidence base will become more comprehensively known. Plain English summary: Narrative therapy has been proposed as a promising intervention for the treatment of eating disorders. However, the treatment outcomes of narrative therapy for eating disorders are under-researched. This systematic review of the literature has demonstrated limited support for narrative therapy through practice-based evidence in clinician reports and transcripts of therapy sessions. These reports demonstrated how narrative therapy was associated with identity shifts, some symptom reduction, reduced hospitalisations, improved agency over the problem and improvements in quality of life. There is a need for future research to systematically report treatment outcomes. This will fill a gap in research evidence-base for narrative therapy in the treatment of eating disorders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Effluent discharged from paper industries has an unfavourable impact on all the biotic and abiotic components of the environment due to the presence of various bio-recalcitrant toxic compounds. Multiple physico-chemical treatment systems have been adopted over the last two decades for the elimination of refractory organics from paper industry effluent but with limited success. Augmentation of biological treatment through metabolic and cometabolic strategies seems to be a promising and sustainable option. This article aims at presenting a comprehensive account of treating the paper industry effluent with existing treatment strategy using potent green agents through bioaugmentation and mineralization of chlorophenols via ortho- and meta- pathways. Sequential treatment based on consortia of specialized microorganisms remove > 90% of different toxic and recalcitrant compounds present in paper industry effluent. The rapid technological development in microbial fuel cells holds the potential for simultaneous paper industry effluent treatment and energy production. [Display omitted] • Defined bacterial and fungal consortium in aid of bioaugmentation. • Bioaugmentation strategies for efficient removal of recalcitrant organics. • Cometabolism and metabolism as a tool against organic compounds in paper industry effluent. • Sequential treatment as a novel approach in treatment of paper industry industrial effluent. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses the combination of corticosteroid injections and exercise for tendinopathy treatment. It mentions that while corticosteroid injections provide short-term pain relief, they may hinder the long-term effectiveness of exercise. The study suggests that a judicious approach to exercise, including education and pain monitoring, should be the primary treatment, with corticosteroid injections reserved for cases where they are necessary due to their limited short-term benefit.

The article discusses the challenges faced in managing chronic, disabling low back pain in primary care and highlights the findings of the RESTORE trial, which demonstrated clinically important and durable effects of cognitive functional therapy (CFT) on health outcomes. The article emphasizes the need for scalable training methods for clinicians to deliver CFT, the lack of funding mechanisms for CFT in national health services.

The article discusses a randomized controlled trial that examined the effectiveness of combining corticosteroid injections with exercise therapy compared to placebo injections and exercise therapy for Achilles tendinopathy. The study found that the corticosteroid injections and exercise therapy group showed greater improvement in patient-reported outcomes, specifically the Victorian Institute of Sports Assessment-Achilles (VISA-A) score, compared to the placebo group at the 6-month follow-up.

The article discusses the effectiveness of remotely delivered physiotherapy care for knee osteoarthritis. It mentions that the study examined two programs (exercise program and exercise program with dietary intervention) delivered through videoconferencing and found that both groups showed positive improvements in pain and function. It also mentions the combination of diet and exercise was more effective than exercise alone.

The article discusses the effectiveness of remotely delivered physiotherapy care for knee osteoarthritis. It mentions that the study investigated two programs (exercise program and exercise program with dietary intervention) delivered via videoconferencing and found that both groups showed positive improvements in pain. It also mentions the combination of diet and exercise was found to be superior to exercise alone at six months, highlighting the potential of remote interventions.

The article discusses the challenges faced in managing chronic low back pain in primary care settings. It mentions that the guidelines discourage drug therapies, procedures, and surgery, leaving clinicians with limited options such as exercise and psychological therapies. It also mentions that the RESTORE trial shows promising results with cognitive functional therapy (CFT) but highlights the need for scalable training methods for clinicians, and quality control to ensure its effectiveness.

Genetic cardiomyopathies are disorders of the cardiac muscle, most often explained by pathogenic mutations in genes encoding sarcomere, cytoskeleton, or ion channel proteins. Clinical phenotypes such as heart failure and arrhythmia are classically treated with generic drugs, but aetiology-specific and targeted treatments are lacking. As a result, cardiomyopathies still present a major burden to society, and affect many young and older patients. The Translational Committee of the Heart Failure Association (HFA) and the Working Group of Myocardial Function of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) organized a workshop to discuss recent advances in molecular and physiological studies of various forms of cardiomyopathies. The study of cardiomyopathies has intensified after several new study setups became available, such as induced pluripotent stem cells, three-dimensional printing of cells, use of scaffolds and engineered heart tissue, with convincing human validation studies. Furthermore, our knowledge on the consequences of mutated proteins has deepened, with relevance for cellular homeostasis, protein quality control and toxicity, often specific to particular cardiomyopathies, with precise effects explaining the aberrations. This has opened up new avenues to treat cardiomyopathies, using contemporary techniques from the molecular toolbox, such as gene editing and repair using CRISPR-Cas9 techniques, antisense therapies, novel designer drugs, and RNA therapies. In this article, we discuss the connection between biology and diverse clinical presentation, as well as promising new medications and therapeutic avenues, which may be instrumental to come to precision medicine of genetic cardiomyopathies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Turkish Journal of Trauma & Emergency Surgery / Ulusal Travma ve Acil Cerrahi Dergisi is the property of KARE Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article comments on a study which investigated early active mobilization during mechanical ventilation in adults in the intensive care unit (ICU), including the clinical outcomes and adverse events.

The article comments on a study which investigated early active mobilization during mechanical ventilation in adults in the intensive care unit (ICU), including the clinical outcomes and adverse events.

The article comments on a study on the network meta-analysis of the effectiveness of non-conventional constraint-induced movement therapies for improving upper limb motor impairment post-stroke.

Parenteral and enteral nutrition support are key components of care for various medical and physiological conditions in infants, children, and adults. Nutrition support practices have advanced over time, driven by the goals of safe and sufficient delivery of needed nutrients and improved patient outcomes. These advances have been, and continue to be, dependent on research and development studies. Such studies address aspects of enteral and parenteral nutrition support: formulations, delivery devices, health outcomes, cost‐effectiveness, and related metabolism. The studies are supported by public funding from the government and by private funding from foundations and from the nutrition support industry. To build public trust in nutrition support research findings, it is important to underscore ethical research conduct and reporting of results for all studies, including those with industry sponsors. In 2019, American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition's (ASPEN's) Board of Directors established a task force to ensure integrity in nutrition support research that is done as collaborative partnerships between the public (government and individuals) and private groups (foundations, academia, and industry). In this ASPEN Position Paper, the Task Force presents principles of ethical research to guide administrators, researchers, and funders. The Task Force identifies ways to curtail bias and to minimize actual or perceived conflict of interests, as related to funding sources and research conduct. Notably, this paper includes a Position Statement to describe the Task Force's guidance on Public‐Private Partnerships for research and funding. This paper has been approved by the ASPEN Board of Directors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article offers information on the task-oriented exercise which improved disability, pain and quality of life compared with general physiotherapy for surgically treated proximal humeral fractures.

Background: Childhood apraxia of speech (CAS) is a pediatric motor-based speech sound disorder that requires a specialized approach to intervention. The extant literature on the treatment of CAS commonly recommends intensive treatment using a motor-based approach, with some of the best evidence supporting the use of Dynamic Temporal and Tactile Cueing (DTTC). To date, a rigorous and systematic comparison of high and low dose frequency (i.e., frequency of therapy sessions) has not been undertaken for DTTC, resulting in a lack of evidence to guide decisions about the optimal treatment schedule for this intervention. The current study aims to fill this gap in knowledge by comparing treatment outcomes when dose frequency is varied. Methods: A randomized controlled trial will be conducted to examine the efficacy of low versus high dose frequency on DTTC treatment outcomes in children with CAS. A target of 60 children, 2;6–7;11 years of age, will be recruited to participate in this study. Treatment will be provided in the community setting by speech-language pathologists who have completed specialized training administering DTTC in a research reliable manner. True randomization with concealed allocation will be used to assign children to either the low or high dose frequency group. Treatment will be administered in 1-h sessions either 4 times per week over a 6-week period (high dose) or 2 times per week over a 12-week period (low dose). To measure treatment gains, probe data will be collected before treatment, during treatment, and 1 day, 1 week, 4 weeks, and 12 weeks post-treatment. Probe data will consist of customized treated words and a standard set of untreated words to assess generalization of treatment gains. The primary outcome variable will be whole word accuracy, encompassing segmental, phonotactic, and suprasegmental accuracy. Discussion: This will be the first randomized controlled trial to evaluate dose frequency for DTTC treatment in children with CAS. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT05675306, January 6, 2023. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Congenital talipes equinovarus (CTEV) is a prevalent congenital foot deformity. The Ponseti method is a non-surgical treatment for clubfoot, which entails a sequence of casts and braces. The accelerated Ponseti method is a modified version of the standard Ponseti method, involving more frequent cast changes. Methods: A total of 60 patients with idiopathic congenital talipes equinovarus (CTEV) under the age of one were carefully chosen and assigned to two groups of A (standard) and B (accelerated). The Pirani score was used to evaluate each clubfoot before applying a cast. In group A, aboveknee casting was performed once a week, while in group B, it was done twice a week. Results: The study involved 60 children with a total of 75 feet. The results indicated a shorter treatment duration with the accelerated Ponseti method, while the occurrence of skin complications was comparable between the two methods. Conclusion: In conclusion, both the accelerated and standard Ponseti methods are equally effective in correcting clubfoot. The accelerated method offers the advantage of reducing the overall treatment duration and has clear benefits, while no notable difference is observed in skin complications between the two methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Lignocellulosic biomass is a promising renewable feedstock for the production of bioenergy and platform chemicals; however, its use would not be economically viable without adopting effective transformation technologies. In this work, long-term anaerobic treatment (370 days) of pulp and paper primary sludge (PS) was performed by a thermophilic anaerobic membrane bioreactor (AnMBR) for the first time to investigate the effect of various solid retention times (SRTs) on biogas production and solids reduction ratios. The tested STRs (32–55 days) have shown varying biogas productivity, and it can be concluded that the longer the SRT, the higher is the biogas yield. At the optimum solids retention time of 55 d, an organic loading rate of 2.15 ± 0.10 kg-TSS/L.d, and hydraulic retention time of 5 d, average biogas yield of 106.4 ± 8.5 m3 biogas/tonne TSS added (approximately 72.7 m3 CH 4 /t VS added) was achieved with an average methane content of 56 ± 4% and the solids reduction ratio ranged between 47% and 54.9%. Besides biogas yield, the quality of the permeates, solids reduction, and digestates characteristic/dewaterability changed by changing the SRT. The mixed liquor suspended solids concentrations and solids reduction increased with increasing SRT, while the effluent COD concentration and sludge dewaterability decreased. The Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) findings exhibited that the digestate contains more lignin and cellulose than the other substances, while the nitrogen and carbon concentration decreased with increasing SRT. • Long-term anaerobic digestion of pulp and paper primary sludge was performed. • Effect of various solid retention times on biogas yield and solids reduction ratio investigated. • The quality of the permeates and solid reduction ratio changed by changing the solids retention time. • The effluent COD concentration decreased with increasing solid retention time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cancer has become one of the crucial factors that endanger human beings. In order to effectively improve the treatment effect of cancer and improve the quality of life of patients, early screening of tumor markers is particularly critical. Compared with conventional detection methods, microfluidic paper-based analytical devices (μPADs) integrated with electrochemical detection methods have apparent advantages, such as being small, portable, and biodegradable, as well as fast analysis, high sensitivity, and low cost. As a result, electrochemical μPADs have become alternatives to conventional analytical instruments, and the related research has significantly increased. In this review, the fabrication process of μPADs was discussed first, mainly emphasizing the fabrication methods of paper-based hydrophobic barriers, including chemical and physical methods. Then, recent reports on μPADs using electrochemical detection methods for the detection of common tumor markers were discussed. Finally, the limitations of current electrochemical μPADs are also addressed. • A critical review of electrochemical μPADs for cancer biomarker detection. • The fabrication of fluid channels and electrodes on the paper substrate is highlighted. • A comparison between the various electrochemical detection techniques is discussed. • Highlight of challenges and future outlooks of electrochemical μPADs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper is a product purity study of recycled Li-ion batteries with a focus on hydrometallurgical recycling processes. Firstly, a brief description of the current recycling status was presented based on the research data. Moreover, this work presented the influence of impurities such as Cu, Fe and Mg on recovered cathode materials performance. The impact of the impurities was described depending on their form (metallic or ionic) and concentration. This work also reviewed hydrometallurgical recycling processes depending on the recovered material, obtained purity and recovery methods. This purity data were obtained from both research and battery industry actors. Finally, the purity study was completed by collecting data regarding commercial battery-grade chemical compounds and active lithium cathode materials, including required purity levels and allowed impurity limitations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nurse‐led clinics are known to positively impact and benefit patients; however, there is little understanding of the role of the nurse in a nurse‐led male Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms (LUTS) clinic. LUTS affect up to 30% of males over 65 in the United Kingdom and can significantly impact the quality of life of the person experiencing them. LUTS can be managed with conservative changes, as well as with medication and surgical intervention. The aim of this scoping review is to map what is known about the role of the nurse in a nurse‐led male LUTS clinic and what research tells us regarding, the barriers and enablers in nurses leading a male LUTS clinic. This scoping review follows the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA‐SCR) checklist and the methodological guidelines set out by the Joanna Briggs institute. A literature search was carried out over three databases (CINAHL, Medline Ovid, ProQuest health and medical collection) and systematically searched from 2000 to 2021. Grey literature was also searched, and citation chaining was undertaken. Following a systematic review of the literature, four papers met the inclusion criteria for this scoping review. The emergent themes across the four papers consisted of structure, assessment and resources, and effectiveness of the nurse‐led male LUTS clinic. There was clear agreement across the literature regarding the investigations and assessment the nurse should carry out. Ongoing practical, theoretical, and observational training and education is required to ensure the nurse is competent in running a male LUTS clinic. The papers reviewed showed the nurse provided a supportive role to the consultant. However, there is evidence indicating there is a move towards autonomous practice. There is a dearth of the current research relating to the role of the nurse in nurse‐led male LUTS clinics and the enablers and barriers in nurses leading male LUTS clinics. Further research should be considered to gain a better understanding of where nurse‐led male LUTS clinics currently take place, what the role of the nurse is in leading a LUTS clinic and what enablers and barriers exist. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Frick (2022) presented a narrative review of some literature and made several critical comments regarding the extension of the full psychopathy construct to research and classification of childhood disruptive behavior disorders (DBDs). His arguments cautioned against the use of the multicomponent concept of psychopathy for specification of DBDs for several reasons including definitional issues, symptom sequencing, specifier versus risk factor considerations, potential overlap with other disorders and criteria (e.g., ADHD), and concerns regarding harm. While I agree with Frick (2022) that we need to be cautious when extending personality constructs to the DBDs, the remaining arguments in his paper fall short of calling for the exclusion of psychopathy components in the examination of DBDs. Rather, the counterpoints in this paper further convince that the multidimensional model of psychopathy, when applied to the DBDs, could better facilitate understanding of the etiology and mechanisms for Conduct Disorder (CD), and, it may help us to predict the prognosis and treatment outcomes of children with various forms of DBDs such as CD and Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD). To have the most informative designs, future research should examine the broad construct to glean a better understanding of psychopathy and the DBDs. Further, research should continue to examine sequencing and external correlates at the component level and to test the incremental value of the multicomponent model of psychopathy to help us better comprehend how each component may facilitate our understanding of the types and severity of conduct problems exhibited by youth with DBDs (i.e., CD, ODD). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This study aimed to analyze interventions for bereaved families and evaluate their effectiveness, with the ultimate goal of supporting evidence-based nursing for bereaved families. Methods: Research trends were identified based on a search of domestic databases from January 2000 to December 2022, and a meta-analysis was conducted on interventions for bereaved families. Forty-five papers were selected, and information was extracted on participants, research design, and interventions. A meta-analysis of seven papers was performed, and the effect size was calculated. Results: Fourteen papers dealt with interventions for middle-aged women who had lost their spouses, 20 used qualitative research methods, and 20 were on art therapy programs. Thirty studies had fewer than 10 participants, and most interventions had 60~120 minutes per session and 9~16 sessions in total. There were seven randomized controlled trials, and all studies included in the quality evaluation showed a low risk of bias. Four papers measured grief as an outcome, and the effect size was -1.9577 (95% CI: -2.9206 to -0.9947), indicating that the treatment significantly decreased grief (P＜0.001). Six papers measured depression as an outcome, and the effect size was -1.6775 (95% CI: -2.1835 to -1.1716), showing that the treatment significantly decreased depression (P＜0.001). Conclusion: Intervention programs for bereaved families were shown to be effective in relieving grief and depression. However, programs should be developed that target middle-aged men who have lost their spouses and children who have lost their parents. Randomized controlled trials should also be conducted on interventions to reduce grief and depression. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective The goal of this scoping review was to determine the types and rates of pain and dysfunction outcomes reported after gender-affirming surgical procedures. In addition, a summary of the involvement of conservative care reported in the literature was produced. Methods A research librarian conducted searches through multiple databases from inception to 2021. Abstracts and full texts were reviewed by a team of at least 2 reviewers. Data were extracted from a custom survey and exported for summary. Results Thirty-one papers discussed masculinizing interventions, and 87 papers discussed feminizing procedures. Most of the studies emphasized surgical outcomes. Of the studies reporting pain or dysfunction, few standardized outcomes were used to collect information from patients. The pain was experienced across body regions after surgery for both feminizing and masculinizing procedures. Vaginal stenosis and incontinence were the most common complications reported. Patients were most often managed by physical therapists for vaginal stenosis or dyspareunia. Conclusion Many published studies do not systematically collect specific or standardized information about pain and dysfunction after gender-affirming surgery. Of those studies that do report these outcomes, few detail the involvement of physical therapists in the recovery after surgery. Impact Pain and urogenital dysfunction, often managed by physical therapists, occur after gender-affirming surgery, suggesting that physical therapists could have a larger role in the recovery of this patient population after surgery. The extent to which interventions used to manage these conditions in cisgender people will be equally effective in transgender people is unknown at this time. Future studies should use recognized measures to characterize patients' experiences with pain and dysfunction after surgery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]