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Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common sustained cardiac arrhythmia, significantly impacting patients' quality of life and increasing the risk of death, stroke, heart failure, and dementia. Over the past two decades, there have been significant breakthroughs in AF risk prediction and screening, stroke prevention, rhythm control, catheter ablation, and integrated management. During this period, the scale, quality, and experience of AF management in China have greatly improved, providing a solid foundation for the development of guidelines for the diagnosis and management of AF. To further promote standardized AF management, and apply new technologies and concepts to clinical practice in a timely and comprehensive manner, the Chinese Society of Cardiology of the Chinese Medical Association and the Heart Rhythm Committee of the Chinese Society of Biomedical Engineering have jointly developed the Chinese Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Management of Atrial Fibrillation. The guidelines have comprehensively elaborated on various aspects of AF management and proposed the CHA2DS2-VASc-60 stroke risk score based on the characteristics of AF in the Asian population. The guidelines have also reevaluated the clinical application of AF screening, emphasized the significance of early rhythm control, and highlighted the central role of catheter ablation in rhythm control. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this article, we use the two-sided market theory as a support and take the operating data of eight Chinese third-party payment platform companies as samples, based on pricing models and multiple regression analysis, to build a price feature model for a thirdparty payment platform. The results show that under the two-sided market environment, the scale of consumer and the same-side network externality of the merchant have a negative significant effect on the pricing of the third-party payment platform to the seller; The market share of the platform and the bank fee cost of the platform have a positive significant effect on the pricing of a third-party payment platform to the merchant. At the same time, the same-side network externality of the seller, the scale of a merchant, and the selection of the business model of the platform have no significant effect on the pricing of the third-party payment platform to the merchant. These conclusions provide a scientific basis for a third-party payment platform enterprise to develop an appropriate pricing strategy and operating model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The distribution and main controlling factors of the organic matter carbonization points/zones of over-mature marine shale are important issues for shale gas exploration. This paper focuses on the Lower Cambrian and Lower Silurian shales in the Sichuan Basin and its periphery. Based on the detailed anatomy of key carbonization zones, predictions of shale organic matter carbonization zones and regional mapping of thermal maturity are carried out to explore and reveal the distribution and main controlling factors of the carbonization zones of organic matter in the two sets of shales. Four preliminary conclusions were obtained: (1) There are four organic matter carbonization zones in the Lower Silurian shale distribution area, namely eastern Sichuan-western Hubei, northwestern Hubei, west of southern Sichuan, and Renhuai-southwestern Chongqing, covering an area of nearly 40 x 10³ km². The main part of the western carbonization zone in the southern Sichuan is located in the Emei basalt distribution area. (2) The organic matter carbonization zone accounts for more than 80% of the Lower Cambrian shale distribution area, The noncarbonization zone is only distributed in Weiyuan-Ziyang, Moxi-Gaoshiti, Changyang, and Weng'an-Zhenyuan with an area of about 62.6 x 10³ km². (3) The Lower Silurian and Lower Cambrian shales in the west of southern Sichuan experienced an increase in thermal maturity RO values of 0.2%-0.4% and 0.2%-1.0%, respectively, as a result of the Emei large igneous province, an extreme heat event in the Late Permian. The Lower Cambrian and Lower Silurian shales have the highest degree of carbonization of organic matter in Mabian-Ebian, which is also in the high-value area of the Emei basalt thickness. (4) The main controlling factors of organic matter carbonization of the Lower Cambrian and Lower Silurian shales have similarities and differences. The main controlling factor of the former is the long-term deep burial background, and the extreme thermal event in the Late Permian only exacerbated the degree of carbonization in some areas more seriously. The latter's main controlling factors are relatively complex and are controlled by deep burial background in the three regions of Renhuai-southwestern Chongqing, eastern Sichuan-western Hubei, and northwestern Hubei. It was governed by a deep burial background and a high geotemperature in the Late Permian. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Due to exponential increases in incidences, low risk papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (PTMC) has become a clinical and social issue in recent years. An active surveillance (AS) management approach is an alternative to immediate surgery for patients with low risk PTMC. With decreased doubts about the safety and validity due to evidence from a large number of studies, the AS approach has become increasingly popular worldwide. However, Chinese thyroid surgeons still lag behind other countries in their knowledge of clinical practices and research related to AS. To promote the implementation of AS in China, thyroid surgeons should understand the implications, advantages, and disadvantages of management approaches for AS, and should also consider the willingness of Chinese patients, the impact on the medical billing system, and the enthusiasm of doctors. Thus, a management approach for AS based on the Chinese population should be developed to reduce the risk of disease progression and enhance patient adherence. Herein, we summarize the recent research achievements and deficiencies in AS approaches, and describe the initial experiences regarding AS in the Chinese population, in order to assist Chinese thyroid surgeons in preparing for AS management in the era of PTMC precision medicine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Rural urbanization is a process of population agglomeration catalyzed by industrialization. At present, China’s urbanization process is accelerating against the backdrop of rapid social development. However, in some areas, economic development is emphasized, while the protection of the ecological environment is neglected, leading to the increasingly obvious contradiction between urbanization and rural ecological environment and is not conducive to economic development. In this paper, the development trend of China’s rural urbanization, the current situation of environmental pollution, and the progress of important environmental treatment projects are analyzed. Accordingly, the main problems in rural environmental protection and the impact of urbanization are explored. The problems led by industrial and domestic pollutants have been amplified by urbanization, while the improved connection between urban and rural areas will benefit the improvement of environmental infrastructure in rural areas. The government-led projects of rural water improvement, sanitary toilet penetration, methane gas production, and solar water heater have made great progress during the past two decades. Based on these understandings, we put forward feasible countermeasures to implement rural ecological environment protection during the process of urbanization to promote the benign development of rural urbanization. Our results will be helpful in providing some useful references for environmental protection in rural areas and promoting the coordinated development of the economy and environment during the process of urbanization in China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new species, Cyclorhiza puana J. Zhou & Z.W. Liu (Apiaceae) from Sichuan Province of China, is described and illustrated here. Morphological comparisons with congeneric species revealed that it is distinguished by its slender habit, sparse annular scars, 4-pinnatisect leaf blade with ultimate segments linear (2-4x0.5-1 mm), subequal rays, oblong fruits with slightly thickened ribs, obconic stylopodium and slightly concave seed face. A molecular analysis based on nuclear ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequences indicated that C. puana is genetically distinct from the other two species of the genus. A distribution map, as well as an updated key, are provided for the species of Cyclorhiza. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]