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Background: Quality of life research can guide clinical workers to adopt more targeted treatment and intervention measures, so as to achieve the purpose of improving patients' quality of life. The objective of this study was to evaluate health-related quality of life in Chinese patients with cervical cancer and to explore its influencing factors. Methods: A total of 186 patients with cervical cancer were investigated by using the QLICP-CE (V2.0) scale (Quality of Life Instruments for Cancer Patients-Cervical Cancer) developed by our group in China. The data were analyzed by t-test, one-way ANOVA, univariate analysis, and multivariate linear regression. Results: The total score of quality of life scale for cervical cancer patients was (62.58 ± 12.69), Univariate analysis of objective clinical indexes showed that creatinine concentration was a negative influence factor in the psychological domain, potassium ion concentration was a negative influence factor in the common symptoms and side effect domain, erythrocyte content was a positive influence factor physical domain and common general domain. Multiple linear regression results suggested that clinical staging was the influencing factor of common symptom and side effect domain, common general module and total score of scale. Marital status has different degrees of influence on the psychological, social, and common general domains. The level of education also influenced scores in the social domain. Conclusion: The total score of quality of life in patients with cervical cancer who received active treatment was acceptable. Marital status, clinical staging, and educational level are the factors that affect the quality of life of patients with cervical cancer. At the same time, potassium ion concentration, red blood cell count and creatinine concentration also have important effects on quality of life in patients with cervical cancer. Therefore, it is very important to give personalized treatment and nursing to patients based on various factors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: This cross-sectional study examined the socio-ecological factors influencing fundamental motor skills (FMS) in Chinese school-aged children. Methods: A total of 1012 parent-child pairs were randomly sampled between March-1st and April-15th, 2022. Based on the socio-ecological model of Children's FMS, three levels of factors: individual-level (e.g., demographic, physical, psychological, and behavioral characteristics of children), family-level (e.g., caregiver demographics, parental support, and socioeconomic status), and environmental factors (e.g., availability of physical activity equipment) were assessed using self-reported scales (e.g., the Self-perception Profile for Children, the Physical Activity Enjoyment Scale, and the 12-item Psychological Well-Being Scale for Children) and objective measures (e.g., ActiGraph GT3X, the Chinese National Student Physical Fitness Standard, and the Test of Gross Motor Development-Third Edition). Multi-level regression models were employed using SPSS. Results: The results demonstrated that children's age, sex, physical fitness, parental support, and the quality of home and community physical activity environments consistently influenced all three types of FMS, including locomotor, ball, and composite skills. Additionally, seven individual-level factors (children's age, sex, body mass index, light physical activity, sleep duration, perceived motor competence, and physical fitness) were associated with different types of FMS. Conclusions: The findings underscore the multidimensional and complex nature of FMS development, with individual-level factors playing a particularly significant role. Future research should adopt rigorous longitudinal designs, comprehensive assessment tools covering various FMS skills, and objective measurement of parents' movement behaviors to better understand the strength and direction of the relationship between socio-ecological factors and children's FMS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Grylloprimevala jilina is a true cave insect living in the dark areas of caves. It has the characteristics of sparse skin pigmentation, degeneration of the compound eyes and monocular eyes, and obvious preference for high‐humidity and low‐temperature environments. Given the highly specialized, rare, and limited distribution, G. jilina is considered an endangered species and also a first‐level national protected insect in China. Cave creatures often undergo dramatic morphological changes in their sensory systems to adapt to the cave environment. Most previous studies mainly focused on morphological adaptive changes in cave insects, and only a few studied the changes at the gene level. In this study, we performed transcriptome analysis of G. jilina and constructed phylogenetic trees of genes that are related to environmental adaptation, including chemosensory, visual‐related, reproduction‐related, temperature adaptation‐related, and winged morph differentiation‐related genes. Besides, the expression levels of environmental adaption‐related genes in different tissues, including antennae, heads, thoraxes, abdomens, legs, and tails, were analyzed. The results showed the loss of chemosensory genes and vision‐related genes, the conservation of reproduction‐related genes and temperature adaptation‐related genes, and the conservation of wing‐related genes despite the loss of wings, and the results were consistent with other cave insects. The identification and expression study of genes possibly related to the environmental adaptability in G. jilina provided basic data for the protection of this endangered species and increased knowledge about insect evolution in general. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Phylloporia, a wood-inhabiting fungal genus, has been used as an anti-inflammatory food taken in the form of tea in Shandong Province, China. The species used in folklore have been clarified as Phylloporia fontanesiae and P. lonicerae. To promote the utilization of Phylloporia and its benefit to human health, sources, medicinal metabolites and functions, safety, and commercial potentials are summarized in this review. The fruiting bodies are the most acceptable sources of Phylloporia, but their shortage makes fermented mycelia a good alternative. Polysaccharides, sterols, acidic components, styryl compounds and polychlorinated compounds are the most well-studied medicinal metabolites extracted from Phylloporia. The main medicinal functions revealed from Phylloporia include antitumor, immunomodulation, antioxidant, neuroprotection, prevention of diabetes and its complications, and antimicrobial activity. The safety of Phylloporia has been demonstrated by experimenting for acute and subchronic oral toxicity of fermented mycelia on animals. A large number of patents even if some are being examined have indicated the commercial potentials of Phylloporia. In the future, increased efforts regarding species identification, artificial cultivation and multi-omics data will contribute to the deeper exploration of the medicinal potential of Phylloporia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Marine dynamic disasters, such as storm surges and huge waves, can cause large economic and human losses. The assessment of marine dynamic disasters is, thus, important, but improvements to its reliability are needed. The current study improved and integrated the assessment from the perspective of multi-factor coupling. Using a weighted index system, a marine dynamic disaster assessment indicator system suitable for China's coastal waters was established, and a method for calculating the weight of disaster indicators was proposed from the perspective of rapid assessment. To reduce the assessment deviation in coastal waters, a multi-factor coupling algorithm was proposed. This algorithm obtained amplitude variations of wave orbital motion in horizontal and vertical directions, which was used to evaluate the influence of background current and terrain slope on coastal ocean waves. Landsat 8 remote sensing images were used to carry out an object-oriented extraction of raft and cage aquaculture areas in China's coastal waters. The aquaculture density was then used as the main basis for a vulnerability assessment. Finally, the whole assessment system was integrated and verified during a typical storm surge process in coastal waters around the Shandong Peninsula in China. The coupled variations were also added to the assessment process and increased the risk value by an average of 12% in the High Sea States of the case study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We erected a new genus (Grylloprimevala Zhou & Ren gen. nov.) and defined a new species (Grylloprimevala jilina Zhou & Ren sp. nov.) from a natural cave in the primeval forest of Jilin Province, China, according to the morphological, behavioral, and molecular evidence. Grylloprimevala gen. nov. is distinguishable from other genera of Grylloblattodea primarily by morphological characters, including the slightly concave posterior margin of the pronotum and no poorly sclerotized zones, six intramarginal and nine intermarginal setae on the cervical sclerite, one tooth on the lacinia, no pulvilli on tarsal segments, and a symmetrical epiproct with a pointed triangular and middle‐depressed median projection on the posterior margin. Based on the morphological features mentioned above, we further identified a new species, G. jilina sp. nov. At the aspect of behavior, G. jilina sp. nov. displays the typical characteristics of troglobites, including degraded visual senses, developed body surface sensors, and predation between individuals. Furthermore, molecular phylogenetic analyses also supported the morphological delimitation of G. jilina sp. nov. due to the separate clade of G. jilina sp. nov. Our results provide materials for the determination and conservation of Grylloblattodea in China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Drawing on the diffusion of innovation theory, we argue that the development of digital economy has a positive effect on urban economic resilience. Using panel data from 284 cities in China from 2011 to 2018, we empirically examine the relationship between digital economy and urban economic resilience. We find a positive and significant link between them, mediated by technological innovation and entrepreneurial vitality. Moreover, the heterogeneity analysis shows that the impact of digital economy is most pronounced in smaller cities, with its effects diminishing in larger cities and megacities. Our results underscore the importance and the direction of fostering digital economy development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The timing of autism spectrum disorder detection in research and clinical practice is characterised by substantial heterogeneity ranging from infancy to school age. In this study, we examined the age of diagnosis and its associated individual and socio-familial factors in Chinese children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder. A sample of 1235 autism spectrum disorder children from 132 rehabilitation organisations in Shenzhen was investigated in 2021. We found a mean age of diagnosis of 31.4 ± 12.7 months and a median of 30.0 months. Although 71.7% of the children received their diagnosis between 25 and 36 months of age, and 13.3% were diagnosed early (⩽24 months), 15.1% did not have their symptoms detected until preschool or later years (>36 months). The diagnosis was likely delayed (>36 months) if the children were older, were less severe and presented with no intellectual impairment. The odds of delayed autism spectrum disorder diagnosis were more than 9 times higher among migrant autism spectrum disorder children than those with local household registrations. The study underscores the importance of identifying culturally sensitive socio-economic determinants in autism spectrum disorder detection in addition to clinical factors, as the former are likely to affect the quality of life of many autism spectrum disorder children and their families. Timely detection is an issue of paramount importance in the care of children with autism spectrum disorder. Whether the delayed autism spectrum disorder diagnosis can be explained by children's clinical presentations and socio-familial status in China is a question to be addressed. We investigated 1235 autism spectrum disorder children from 132 rehabilitation organisations in Shenzhen, China. These children were found to have a mean age of diagnosis of 31.4 ± 12.7 months and a median age of diagnosis of 30.0 months. The majority of these children were able to receive their diagnosis during toddlerhood. However, about one in six were not diagnosed until they entered preschool or later, thus missing the golden window of opportunity for early intervention. The age of diagnosis was likely to be late if the children were older, were less severe and presented with no intellectual impairment. The odds of having a delayed autism spectrum disorder diagnosis were more than 9 times higher among migrant autism spectrum disorder children than among those with local household registrations, thus underscoring the importance of identifying culturally sensitive socio-economic determinants in autism spectrum disorder detection, as these factors are likely to affect the quality of life of many autism spectrum disorder children and their families. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Grylloprimevala jilina Zhou & Ren is the third extant species of Grylloblattodea to be found in China. To understand the various physiological functions of the sensilla on the main sensory organs of G. jilina during its vital activities, this study used scanning electron microscopy to examine the sensilla morphology on its appendages and analyze their abundance and distribution on the antennae. The filiform antennae comprise scape, pedicel and flagellum. The maxillary palps comprise three segments, and the cerci contain four appendages in total. Altogether, 11 morphologically distinct sensilla types were identified on three organs: apertures; Böhm bristles (BB); sensilla auricillica (SA), sensilla basiconica (SB), sensilla campaniformia (SCa), sensilla capitulum (SCap), sensilla chaetica (SCh), sensilla coeloconica (SCo), sensilla filiform (SF) and sensilla trichodea (ST); and spines. Studies of the antennae of G. jilina have revealed that, except in some cases, the types and abundances of the sensilla gradually show a trend of diversification and enrichment as the antennae segments are extended forward. Functional predictions for the 11 morphologically distinct sensilla suggest that they include chemoreceptors, mechanoreceptors and temperature or humidity receptors. As wall‐pore sensilla, SA, SB, SCo and ST could be involved in the perception of chemical signals emitted from their living environment. In addition, as mechanical receptors, BB, SCa, SCh and SF may be involved in the perception and feedback of mechanical stimuli. Our findings provide an essential insight into this rare and national first‐class protected insect, and provide a necessary theoretical basis for studying the phylogeny of Grylloblattodea. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: While autophagy is essential for stem cells' self-renewal and differentiation, its effect on bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the interaction between autophagy and osteogenic differentiation using rapamycin (RAPA), a classical autophagy agonist with osteo-regulatory effects. Methods: Rat BMSC's autophagy was analyzed after osteoinduction (0, 7, 14, and 21 d) by western blotting, immunofluorescence, and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). In addition, we evaluated osteogenic differentiation using alizarin red staining, alkaline phosphatase assays, and RT-qPCR/Western blotting quantification of bone sialoprotein, type 1 collagen, alkaline phosphatase, osteopontin, and Runt-related transcription factor 2 mRNA and protein levels. Results: The BMSC's basal autophagy level gradually decreased during osteogenic differentiation with a decrease in BECN1 level and the lipidated (LC3-II) to unlipidated (LC3-I) microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 ratio and an increase in the expression of selective autophagic target p62. In contrast, it increased with increasing RAPA concentration. Furthermore, while 2 nM RAPA promoted BMSC osteogenic differentiation on days 7 and 14, 5 nM RAPA inhibited osteogenesis on days 14 and 21. Inhibition of autophagy by the inhibitor 3-methyladenine could impair RAPA's osteogenesis-enhancing effect on BMSCs. Conclusions: The BMSC's basal autophagy level decreased over time during osteogenic differentiation. However, an appropriate RAPA concentration promoted BMSC osteogenic differentiation via autophagy activation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims and Objectives: To assess the effectiveness of different nonpharmacological treatments for severe radiation‐induced oral mucositis in patients with head and neck cancer. Background: Radiation‐induced oral mucositis is highly prevalent in patients with head and neck cancer. Current medications for radiation‐induced oral mucositis are limited in effectiveness and susceptible to side effects, and while there is an increasing adoption of nonpharmacological interventions, the optimal one remains unclear. Design: Systematic review and network meta‐analysis based on the PRISMA‐NMA guidelines. Methods: Six databases were searched. Two authors independently performed the literature screening, data extraction and methodological quality assessment of the included studies. Traditional pairwise meta‐analysis was performed by R Studio. A network meta‐analysis was then conducted to assess the effects of nonpharmacological interventions for severe radiation‐induced oral mucositis in patients with head and neck cancer. Results: Fifty‐two studies involving seven types of nonpharmacological interventions were enrolled. The network meta‐analysis indicated that natural plant‐based therapies might be the most effective, health education interventions might be the second most effective, and honey might be the third most effective interventions for reducing the incidence of severe radiation‐induced oral mucositis. For reducing the incidence of severe oral mucositis‐related pain, the pairwise meta‐analysis showed that only natural plant‐based therapies and health education interventions were effective. Conclusions: Nonpharmacological interventions are effective in the management of severe radiation‐induced oral mucositis among patients with head and neck cancer. Relevance to clinical practice: Nonpharmacological interventions are a category of safe and effective adjunctive therapies that should be encouraged in clinical practice. Trial registration details: CRD42023400745. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Haze is the phenomenon of visibility degradation caused by extinction effects related to the physicochemical properties of atmospheric particulate matter (APM). Atmosphere heterogeneous reactions can alter the physicochemical properties of APM. Therefore, it is important to understand the atmospheric heterogeneous reactions of APM in order to reveal the cause of haze. Herein, the current situation, developmental trend, source, and composition of APM pollution in China are reviewed. Additionally, we introduce the reaction characteristics and key chemical processes of common inorganic, organic, and mixed pollutant gases on the surface of mineral particles. The effects of mineral particulate matter on aggregation, regulation, and catalysis in the formation of atmospheric aerosols and the synergistic reaction mechanism of SO2, NO2, O3, and VOCs on the surfaces of different mineral particles are summarized. The problems existing in the current research on heterogeneous reactions on the surfaces of mineral particles are also evaluated. This paper aims to gain a deep understanding of the mechanism of mineral particulate matter promoting the formation of secondary aerosols and attempts to provide theoretical support for effective haze control. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although discrimination has gained increasing attention in research and practice intervention for family caregivers of children with disabilities, little is known about the social determinants that associate with the perceived discrimination among caregivers, especially in non-Western contexts. This study aims to examine the socio-familial and child-level determinants of perceived discrimination among family caregivers of children with disabilities in China. This study drew from a population-based cross-sectional survey in Shenzhen, China. Proportional quota sampling was conducted to get data from 2500 family caregivers of children with disabilities in rehabilitation service centers (response rate = 94.9%, n = 2373), accounting for 25% of the total population of children with disabilities receiving service in Shenzhen. Latent profile analysis was conducted to categorize three perceived discrimination groups among caregivers (i.e., severe perceived discrimination group, moderate perceived discrimination group, and low perceived discrimination group). The multinomial logistic regression models were conducted to test the association between these social determinants and perceived discrimination. Most caregivers (82.9%) reported moderate or severe levels of perceived discrimination. Caregivers of children with moderate and severe impairments and children with mental and multiple disabilities were more vulnerable to perceiving severe social discrimination. Socio-familial characteristics, particularly the intersectionality between gender and employment, influence caregivers' perceived discrimination. Caregivers of children with disabilities experience pervasive social discrimination in contemporary urban China. Our study demonstrates that the social construction of disablism and the affiliate discrimination against family caregivers of children with disabilities is complex and multidimensional and depends upon the children's disability and the caregivers' socio-demographic characteristics. • 80% disabled children's parents report moderate/severe perceived discrimination. • Mental and more severe disability are related to greater perceived discrimination. • Being female and unemployed are associated with greater perceived discrimination. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The development of emerging mobility services, such as ride-hailing, has greatly changed urban mobility modes. However, the whole ride-hailing industry experienced significant disruptions during the COVID-19 pandemic, and there are still few studies investigating the associated lockdown's impacts on income levels and the derived inequality issues concerning disadvantaged stakeholders within the ride-hailing industry. Viewing this gap, this study utilizes a comprehensive dataset from a ride-hailing company in China and investigates the city-wide fluctuations in drivers' income across demographic subgroups during the pandemic. The results show that drivers' income quickly recovered to pre-pandemic levels after the lockdown ended. The income inequality (measured by the Gini Index) among drivers remained stable before and after the lockdown. Counterintuitively, groups that typically face systemic challenges in the workplace (i.e., female and older drivers) experienced less income loss during the lockdown and earned more than male and young drivers in the post-lockdown period. Working efficiencies across demographic subgroups were also found to be similar, and the underlying reason for higher income among female and older drivers is their commensurate working time. These demonstrate the limited long-term impacts of lockdowns on the ride-hailing industry and highlight its inclusivity by showing equal working efficiency and income for all demographic groups. The amount of working time, rather than other demographic factors like gender or age, is the major determinant of income level in the ride-hailing industry. Findings herein empirically investigate the influences of government lockdown regulations on the drivers' benefits and carry significant policy implications: involving potentially unprivileged communities in ride-hailing employment could be considered to promote overall social equality and welfare, especially in the post-COVID recovery era. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To abate the severe air pollution, the Chinese government released the Action Plan of Air Pollution Prevention and Control (APAPPC) in 2013. This paper regards the APAPPC as a quasi-experiment and uses the DID method to investigate the impact of environmental regulation on the growth of green total-factor productivity of China's industries. This article employs the non-radial directional distance function (NDDF) and the global Malmquist index to measure the total-factor carbon productivity of China's industries. Further regressions suggest that the implementation of the APAPPC has significantly promoted the growth of the total-factor carbon productivity in the air pollution-intensive industries, and its marginal effect has steadily increased with time. This result is still valid after using a series of counterfactual tests and robustness tests. The further mechanism study shows that the APAPPC has significantly promoted R&D investment, especially in instruments and equipment, which has effectively promoted technical efficiency and technological advancement. It indicates that stringent and well-designed environmental regulations should lead to a "win-win" situation of environmental improvement and economic development by encouraging enterprises to upgrade their technology and equipment. • This paper uses a typical case in China to demonstrate the porter's hypothesis. • This paper uses the DEA method to measure the total-factor carbon productivity of China's industries. • The Action Plan of Air Pollution Prevention and Control in China has significantly promoted the growth of total-factor carbon productivity. • The regulation promotes productivity by propelling enterprises to increase R&D investment and update their technical equipment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With current decentralization trends and polycentric planning efforts, the urban spatial structures of Chinese cities have been changing tremendously. To detect the true urban polycentric pattern of Chinese cities, this article analyzed the urban polycentricity characteristics of 294 cities. The natural cities were delineated by points of interest (POIs), and road networks constituted street blocks. Based on check-in data and new spatial units, centers within both metropolitan areas and central cities were identified and examined. We discovered that all Chinese cities have at least one natural city in their metropolitan areas because of rapid urban sprawl. Although a monocentric structure is still the most common urban spatial structure, 110 Chinese cities displayed different degrees of polycentricity at the metropolitan level. Many natural cities beyond central cities contribute to polycentric development at the metropolitan level. Central cities have maintained their original vitality and importance, most Chinese cities have dispersed urban structures in central cities, and 45 central cities are polycentric. The spatial structures in metropolitan areas are more polycentric than those in central cities. The only 36 cities with polycentric urban structures at both the metropolitan and central city levels are all national or regional central cities in eastern China. • All Chinese cities have at least one natural city in their metropolitan areas because of rapid urban sprawl. • The spatial structures in metropolitan areas are more polycentric than those in central cities. • There are only 36 cities with polycentric structures in both metropolitan areas and central cities.. • Central cities have maintained their original vitality and importance, and most Chinese cities have dispersed urban structures in their central cities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background Mass tuberculosis (TB) screening has been recommended in certain high-risk populations. However, population-based screening interventions have rarely been implemented. Whether mass screening improves health equity is unknown. Methods We implemented a mass TB screening intervention among elderly persons (>60 years old) in Lanxi County, China. Standardized questionnaires, physical examinations, and chest radiographs (CXRs) were administered to all participants. Systematic testing with computed tomography, smear, culture, or Xpert was performed among persons with an abnormal CXR. We assessed TB prevalence per 100 000 persons and constructed multivariable regression models among subgroups that were and were not screened. Medical insurance was categorized as participation in either a basic program with limited coverage or a more comprehensive coverage program. Results In total, 49 339 individuals (32% of the elderly population in Lanxi) participated in the screening. One hundred fifteen screened persons were diagnosed with TB (233 cases per 100 000 persons), significantly higher than persons not screened (168 cases among 103 979 person-years; prevalence-to-case notification ratio, 1.44 [95% confidence interval {CI}, 1.14–1.83]). This increase was largely driven by diagnosis of asymptomatic disease during mass screening (n = 57 [50% of participants with TB]). Participants with basic medical insurance were much more likely to be diagnosed through mass screening than by passive detection (adjusted odds ratio, 4.52 [95% CI, 1.35–21.28]). Conclusions In a population-based, mass TB screening intervention encompassing >30% of the elderly population in a county in rural China, case finding was 44% higher than background detection, driven by diagnosis of TB without recognized symptoms. Importantly, mass screening identified TB in people with limited healthcare options who were less likely to be found through background case detection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years, the prevalence of allergic diseases has increased significantly, causing great concern, and wheat, as one of the top 8 food allergens, is a common allergy trigger. Nevertheless, reliable estimates of the positivity rate of wheat allergens in the allergic population in China are still lacking. The systematic review and meta-analysis aims to evaluate the positive detection rate of wheat allergens in the Chinese allergic population and further provide a reference for the prevention of allergy. CNKI, CQVIP, WAN-FANG DATA, Sino Med, PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Embase databases were retrieved. Related research and case reports about the positive rate of wheat allergen in the Chinese allergic population published from inception to June 30, 2022, were searched, and meta-analysis was performed using Stata software. The pooled positive rate of wheat allergens and 95% confidence interval were calculated by random effect models, and the publication bias was evaluated using Egger's test. A total of 13 articles were included for the final meta-analysis, in which wheat allergen detection methods involved only serum sIgE testing and SPT assessment. The results showed that the wheat allergen positivity detection rate in Chinese allergic patients was 7.30% (95% CI 5.68–8.92%). Subgroup analysis showed that the positivity rate of wheat allergens was influenced by region, but hardly by age and assessment method. The positive rates of wheat allergy in the population with allergic diseases were 2.74% (95% CI 0.90–4.58%) and 11.47% (95% CI 7.08–15.87%) in southern and northern China, respectively. In particular, the positive rates of wheat allergens were greater than 10% in Shaanxi, Henan and Nei Mongol, all of which belong to the northern region. These results suggest that wheat allergens are an important cause of sensitization in allergic populations from northern China, and therefore attention should be paid to early prevention in high-risk populations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The most effective treatment for end-stage liver diseases is liver transplantation, which is impeded by the shortage of donor livers. Split liver transplantation (SLT) is important for addressing the donor liver shortage. However, full-right full-left SLT for two adult recipients is globally rarely conducted. This study aimed to investigate the clinical outcomes of this technique. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 22 recipients who underwent full-right full-left SLT at Shulan (Hangzhou) Hospital between January, 2021 and September, 2022. The graft-to-recipient weight ratio (GRWR), cold ischemia time, operation time, length of the anhepatic phase, intraoperative blood loss, and red blood cell transfusion amount were all analyzed. The differences in liver function recovery after transplantation were compared between the left and right hemiliver groups. The postoperative complications and prognosis of the recipients were also analyzed. Results: The livers of 11 donors were transplanted into 22 adult recipients. The GRWR ranged from 1.16–1.65%, the cold ischemia time was 282.86 ± 134.87 min, the operation time was 371.32 ± 75.36 min, the anhepatic phase lasted 60.73 ± 19.00 min, the intraoperative blood loss was 759.09 ± 316.84 mL, and the red blood cell transfusion amount was 695.45 ± 393.67 mL. No significant difference in the levels of liver function markers, total bilirubin, aspartate aminotransferase, or alanine aminotransferase between left and right hemiliver groups at 1, 3, 5, 7, 14, and 28 d postoperatively was observed (both p > 0.05). One recipient developed bile leakage 10 d after transplantation, which improved with endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography-guided nasobiliary drainage and stent placement. Another developed portal vein thrombosis 12 d after transplantation and underwent portal vein thrombectomy and stenting to restore portal vein blood flow. A color Doppler ultrasound performed 2 d after transplantation revealed hepatic artery thrombosis in one patient, and thrombolytic therapy was administered to restore hepatic artery blood flow. The liver function of other patients recovered quickly after transplantation. Conclusions: Full-right full-left SLT for two adult patients is an efficient way to increase the donor pool. It is safe and feasible with careful donor and recipient selection. Transplant hospitals with highly experienced surgeons in SLT are recommended to promote using full-right full-left SLT for two adult recipients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Figures and Table Graph: Figure 1 (A) The hepatic veins of Segments V and VIII were retained in the right hemiliver and reconstructed with iliac artery. (B) The retrohepatic inferior vena cava (IVC) was divided by longitudinal transection of the front and back walls. (D) Reconstruction of the MHV and IVC in the left hemiliver graft. [Extracted from the article]

Aim. To investigate the current status of NBDs' core competencies through latent profile analysis, identify potential subgroups and their population characteristics, and analyze the influencing factors of different categories. Background. NBDs are essential in the treatment and rehabilitation of burn patients. However, the core competencies of Chinese NBDs are seldom reported. Methods. Our analyses were based on a cross-sectional and multicenter study of 267 Chinese NBDs. Latent profile analysis was employed to identify NBDs' core competence profiles using the NBD Core Competencies Self-rating Scale (NBD-CCSS). We then explored the characteristics among different profiles and determined socio-demographic variables associated with profile membership by conducting ANOVA, Chi-square test, and multinominal logistic regression analyses. Results. A 3-profile model provided the best fit. The three profiles were titled "skillful competencies" (Class 1, n = 77, 28.8%), "moderate competencies" (Class 2, n = 140, 52.4%), and "poor competencies" (Class 3, n = 50, 18.7%). Regression analysis suggested that professional title, years of employment, and BICU experience were influencing factors of NBDs' profile membership of core competencies. NBDs who were supervisor nurses or above (OR = 0.802, 95% CI: 0.009, 0.759), with more than 7 years of employment (OR = 0.091, 95% CI: 0.009, 0.906) and BICU experience (OR = 3.564, 95% CI: 1.423, 8.925) were more likely to fall into Class 1. Conclusions. Our findings could provide evidence for nursing administrators to develop training programs to enhance NBDs' core competencies. In particular, variables associated with profile membership determined in the study may facilitate more tailored training strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Aims. Currently sedation is a common practice in colonoscopy to reduce pain of patients and improve the operator satisfaction, whereas its impact on examination quality, especially adenoma detection rate (ADR) is still controversial. Thus, we aimed to investigate the association of sedation with ADR. Methods. Consecutive patients receiving colonoscopy between January 2017 and January 2020 at the Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing, China, were collected. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression models were performed to investigate the association between sedation and ADR. Subgroup analysis and propensity score matching (PSM) analysis, as sensitivity analysis, were performed to validate the independent effect. Results. The ADR was significantly higher in cases with sedation (ADR: 36.9% vs. 29.1%, odds ratio [OR]: 1.42, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.31–1.55, P < 0.001). Multivariate analysis showed that the sedation was an independent factor associated with ADR (OR: 1.49, 95% CI: 1.35–1.65, P < 0.001). The effect was consistent in subgroup analyses (P > 0.05) and PSM analysis (ADR: 37.6% vs. 29.1%, OR: 1.47, 95% CI: 1.33–1.63, P < 0.001). Conclusion. Sedation was associated with a higher polyp and ADR s during colonoscopy, which can promote the quality of colonoscopy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Diverging runways are receiving considerable attention as replacements for parallel runways when constructing three or more runways in China. This has been prompted by the limitations associated with a single-direction airspace and associated regulations when using parallel runways. However, the operating efficiency of diverging runways is still greatly constrained by the separation standard for departing aircraft in CCAR-93TM-R5 and Decree of CAAC NO.123. To address these problems, an improved runway operation capacity model for a V-open multirunway airport is proposed to reduce the separation standard based on the equivalent lateral separation operation (ELSO) standard. A collision risk module is first proposed to assess the feasibility and safety of the proposed policy. Also, a novel runway capacity model for V-open multiple runways is then built to improve the operating efficiency for diverging runway. A series of comparative experiments based on actual flight data from Chengdu Tianfu International Airport demonstrated that reducing the divergence angle from 15° to 10° improved the runway operation capacity by about 8% based on the proposed improved policy. These research results could play a major role in facilitating appropriate amendments to the associated CAAC operation regulations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The efficacy and safety of high‐dose amoxicillin (AMX) and proton pump inhibitors (PPI) dual therapy raises much more attention in recent years. Comparative studies among the dual therapies are required to explore more suitable regimens. This study compared the efficacy, adverse events, and patient compliance of three different high‐dose dual regimens in treatment‐naive patients of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection. Materials and Methods: The study was a prospective, multicenter, open‐label, randomized controlled trial, including H. pylori‐infected treatment‐naive patients at 12 tertiary hospitals in China. The eligible subjects received high‐dose AMX and esomeprazole (ESO) dual therapy of different regimens. They were randomly assigned to group A (ESO 20 mg plus AMX 750 mg, Qid for 14 days), group B (ESO 40 mg Bid plus AMX 1 g Tid for 14 days), or group C (ESO 20 mg plus AMX 1 g, Tid for 14 days). The eradication rates, adverse events, and patient compliance of the three groups were compared. Results: Between April 2021 and January 2022, a total of 1080 subjects were screened and 945 were randomized. The eradication rates in groups A, B, and C were 88.6% (95% CI 84.5%–91.9%), 84.4% (95% CI 80.0%–88.3%), and 86.7% (95% CI 82.4%–90.2%; p =.315), respectively, based on intention‐to‐treat analysis; 90.3% (95% CI 86.4%–93.3%), 85.5% (95% CI 81.1%–89.2%), and 87.8% (95% CI 83.6%–91.2%; p =.197), respectively, according to modified intention‐to‐treat analysis; and 90.4% (95% CI 86.5%–93.5%), 85.8% (95% CI 81.4%–89.5%), and 88.3% (95% CI 84.1%–91.7%; p =.202) in per‐protocol analysis. History of antibiotics use in 2 years reduced eradication effect in group B (ESO 40 mg Bid, AMX 1 g Tid). The modified intention‐to‐treat eradication rates were 81.4% vs 90.0% among those with or without a history of antibiotics use in group B (p =.031). The adverse event rates were 13.7%, 12.7%, and 12.1% in groups A, B, and C, respectively (p =.834). Patient compliance of the three groups was similar. Conclusions: Two optimized AMX and PPI dual regimens (ESO 40 mg Bid or 20 mg Tid plus AMX 1 g Tid for 14 days) had similar efficacy, safety and compliance as compared with classical dual regimen (ESO 20 mg plus AMX 750 mg Qid for 14 days) in H. pylori‐infected treatment‐naive patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Effective accumulated temperature (EAT) is a basic index to predict plant growing and development, while EATs for key stages during Echinochloa crus‐galli seed‐setting are still unclear. We collected three E. crus‐galli populations (Nanling [NL], Feidong [FD], and Sihong [SH]) from different rice fields in eastern China and conducted four sets of pot experiments in a greenhouse. Plants of the three populations sown on May 9–12, averagely reproduced 484–671 mature seeds per plant; showed a duration of 67–76 days from sowing to heading, with an average EAT of 1,156–1,274°C; showed a duration of 90–94 days from sowing to seeds starting maturation in plant individuals with average EATs about 1,571–1,647°C; and showed a maturation stage lasting for 14–36 days. Significant negative correlations (p <.01) were found between the period of collecting day after seed maturation and the number or 1,000‐seed weight of mature seeds collected on the day, in each set of experiment. Compared with NL individuals sown on May 9, NL individuals sown on April 10 needed significantly higher EATs for periods from sowing to seed maturation, and from heading to seed maturation. According to logistic regressions, duration days needed for 50% of seeds to mature were 93–122 days after sowing, with EATs of 1,625–1893°C for these E. crus‐galli populations. This study revealed EATs for E. crus‐galli seed‐setting, which suggested time windows for panicle‐removing control of E. crus‐galli in rice fields. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The development of China's manufacturing industry has received global attention. However, research on the distribution pattern, changes, and driving forces of the manufacturing industry has been limited by the accessibility of data. This study proposes a method for classifying based on natural language processing. A case study was conducted employing this method, hotspot detection and driving force analysis, wherein the driving forces industrial development during the "13th Five-Year plan" period in Jiangsu province were determined. The main conclusions of the empirical case study are as follows. 1) Through the acquisition of Amap's point-of-interest (POI, a special point location that commonly used in modern automotive navigation systems.) data, an industry type classification algorithm based on the natural language processing of POI names is proposed, with Jiangsu Province serving as an example. The empirical test shows that the accuracy was 95%, and the kappa coefficient was 0.872. 2) The seven types of manufacturing industries including the pulp and paper (PP) industry, metallurgical chemical (MC) industry, pharmaceutical manufacturing (PM) industry, machinery and electronics (ME) industry, wood furniture (WF) industry, textile clothing (TC) industry, and agricultural and food product processing (AF) industry are drawn through a 1 km× 1km projection grid. The evolution map of the spatial pattern and the density field hotspots are also drawn. 3) After analyzing the driving forces of the changes in the number of manufacturing industries mentioned above, we found that manufacturing base, distance from town, population, GDP per capita, distance from the railway station were the significant driving factors of changes in the manufacturing industries mentioned above. The results of this research can help guide the development of manufacturing industries, maximize the advantages of regional factors and conditions, and provide insight into how the spatial layout of the manufacturing industry could be optimized. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Epoxiconazole is an effective pesticide to control Fusarium head blight (FHB), and the application will increase. To investigate the ecotoxicity of epoxiconazole to soil microbiome, we carried out an indoor experiment in which soils from two main regions of wheat production in China (Nanjing and Anyang) were treated with epoxiconazole (0, 0.0625, 0.625, or 6.25 mg kg–1) and incubated for 90 days. Under epoxiconazole stress, for bacteria and fungi, the abundance was increased and the diversity and community were impacted. In Anyang soil, the half-life of epoxiconazole was short with more increased species (linear discriminant analysis effect size biomarkers) and more increased xenobiotics biodegradation pathways in epoxiconazole treatments. The increased species mostly due to high abundance in initial state and more positive connections of the species. Co-occurrences revealed that epoxiconazole tightened bacterial connection, and increased positive correlations in Anyang soil. The N transformation was influenced with increased nifH and amoA; and the contents of NH 4 +-N and NO 3 –-N were also increased. The functions of C, S, and manganese metabolisms were also impacted by epoxiconazole. This work expands our understanding about epoxiconazole degradation and help us to properly assess the risk of epoxiconazole in soil. [Display omitted] • Soil microbial ecology was impacted by epoxiconazole. • The degradation efficiency is based on the abundance and the related connection of some species. • Increased xenobiotics biodegradation pathways increased epoxiconazole degradation. • N, C, S, and Mu metabolisms were influenced by epoxiconazole. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Combination of nifuroxazide and CpG ODN inhibited the HCC growth in mice. • Combination treatment prompted T cell anti-tumor immune response in mice. • Combination treatment increased M1 macrophage infiltration in tumor-tissues. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a common malignant tumour in China that remains a major challenge to the medical community, and effective treatment is urgently needed. Due to complex tumorigenesis, monotherapy shows poor therapeutic effects, and combined treatment becomes a necessary option. YW002, a CpG ODN-containing sequence, has been proven to enhance antitumor effects in tumour-bearing mouse models. Moreover, as a broad-spectrum antimicrobial drug, nifuroxazide exhibited an anti-HCC effect through activation of p-Stat3. Here, we tested the effect of nifuroxazide on HCC in vitro and then explored the therapeutic effect of combined nifuroxazide and CpG ODN on HCC in vivo. Nifuroxazide inhibited proliferation, induced apoptosis and suppressed migration and invasion in HepG2 cells in vitro. The combination therapy using nifuroxazide and CpG ODN significantly suppressed the growth of tumours in tumour-bearing mice with few side effects and achieved better therapeutic effects on HCC than monotherapy. Moreover, combined nifuroxazide and CpG ODN therapy significantly induced apoptosis, enhanced the infiltration of CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes and macrophages in tumour tissue, and increased the ratio of CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes in the spleens of tumour-bearing mice. The introduction of this combination therapy combining nifuroxazide and CpG ODN provided a new strategy for HCC treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • A suitable 1H qNMR-based technique was used to quantify total macamide in five maca. • This method show potential for the quality control of maca. • A new macamide represents the first example of macamides with azelaxyl fraction. Macamides are considered bioactive markers of maca, and they have been used as food and medicine for centuries. In the present study, a 1H qNMR method was developed, and the analyses of the specificity, linearity, sensitivity, accuracy, and precision further indicate the validity of this method. Furthermore, the 1H qNMR method was applied for the quantification of total macamides in five naturally air-dried maca samples with different origins and colors. The results showed that the content of total macamides was correlated with the origins and colors: China purple maca (1845.75 ± 3.45 μg g−1) > China yellow maca (1090.20 ± 2.07 μg g−1) > Peru yellow maca (393.30 ± 2.42 μg g−1) > China and Peru black maca (each 269.10 ± 1.03 μg g−1). In addition, a new macamide, N -benzyl-(9-carboxymethyl)-octanamide (2), which is the first example of a macamide with an azelaxyl motif, was identified from Chinese purple maca. Our research not only provides a valid method to determine the content of total macamides in different maca samples but also offers a reference for quality control of maca. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]