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Since 2001, Indonesia established fiscal decentralization to address the growing economic and social inequalities and promote regional economic development. Two decades later, the spatial effects of decentralization in reducing regional inequality in Indonesia are still unclear. Various studies indicate that geographical proximity, spatial linkages, and spillovers have major impacts on economic growth. This paper offers an empirical analysis of the long-run effects of fiscal decentralization and its spatial impacts on regional growth and convergence in Indonesia. The study uses district-level panel data over a 10-year period (2003–2013). We apply regional distribution indices, spatial cluster analysis, convergence analysis, and spatial econometrics. The convergence analysis uses GMM and spatial models. Our findings highlight the persistence of regional divergence and a widening development gap between regions, especially at the provincial level. The results show regional polarization and backwash effects with the strengthening of core regions and weakening of hinterlands. The paper shows that equalization funds are ineffective in reducing vertical and horizontal inequalities. Their distributional effect is unclear except for the revenue sharing fund which boosts economic growth. Furthermore, the paper demonstrates the importance of urban agglomerations, spatial proximity, labor size, and a skilled labor base in increasing regional economic performance. There are two main policy implications of this study. First, place-based economic policies are needed that emphasize endogenous local development and highlight the mobilization of resources (labor and capital). Second, national policies must support regional development based on a thorough understanding of the caveats of liberalization policies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main problem highlighted in this essay is the challenges being faced by Christian migrants in Indonesia. They are expected to succeed in overcoming the cross-cultural problems within their Christian communities, and externally to take part in building a fellowship beyond their own groups. Indonesia's multireligious and multicultural landscape has suffered in the past few decades from the politics of identity. The Christian migrants have also been affected by this. Whilst they need support in formulating afresh their Christian identity, they also require a broader intercultural mindset. Through observations, focus group discussions and literature reviews, the paper tries to formulate the role Christian migrants can explore in their cross-cultural contexts. The basic position it takes is that the Catholic migrants (a case in this paper) are also agents of mission and that migration is to some extent a process of building bridges among diverse peoples in society. The paper argues that there is a need for the migrants to be equipped with intercultural competencies and interreligious spirituality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper revisits the history of Indonesian broadcasting, focusing particularly on the broadcasting model implemented during the Japanese occupation (1942–1945) and its influence on broadcast organizations in the post-independence era. Taking into consideration four elements of broadcast governance—remit, structure, ownership, and funding—this study examines how the Japanese colonial model of radio became the model used by the Radio of the Republic of Indonesia. Examining the broadcast policies of colonial Japan and post-independence Indonesia, this paper finds policy connections between these countries' broadcast systems. Japanese colonial policy remained evident in the management of Indonesia's radio in the early independence era, particularly in the use of autocratic political propaganda and centralized control of media content. Even today, the military media of colonial Japan continues to influence how broadcasters serve Indonesia's national interests. This paper fills the gap in the literature on how Japanese colonialism has affected broadcast systems of Asia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Signalized intersections that are pretimed are commonly used in rapidly developing cities with diverse traffic patterns, including those found in Indonesia. These intersections are a common source of congestion and delays in road networks, particularly when there is non-lane based (NLB) traffic in urban areas. Accurate estimation of both the base saturation flow rate and capacity is essential for this type of facility, as an error in the prediction of the base saturation flow rate can result in significant bias in capacity evaluation and design at signalized intersections. The estimation of capacity at signalized intersections is critical for ensuring optimal signal timings, minimizing delay, and reducing congestion. Heterogeneous traffic, which refers to the presence of various types of vehicles with distinct static and dynamic characteristics, is a common phenomenon. To address this issue, this paper presents a modeling approach for the SFR that takes into account heterogeneous traffic and NLB movements. Indonesia, being an archipelago with 34 provinces, served as the focus of this study, which specifically concentrated on Banda Aceh, the capital province of Aceh province. Employing primary and observed data collected at a specific, predetermined signalized timing, this study aimed to investigate the impact of intersection geometry and heterogeneous traffic composition on the SFR. By adopting the modeling approach for NLB movements, the study formulated the BSFR model. To estimate the scale parameters of the BSFR, the multiple linear regression approach was utilized. The analysis results reveal that the existing BSFR based on the IHCM formula gives a substantially biased estimation because the PCEs from the Indonesian Highway Capacity Manual (IHCM) are underestimated. This source of error could be partially due to the heterogeneous (varied vehicle composition) traffic flow with NLB movements, unlike that observed under the prevailing conditions of IHCM 1997. The empirical results show that the existing IHCM should be improved to avoid overestimation, particularly for effective approach width (We) greater than 4.5 m. A comparison of the BSFR prediction model between IHCM's PCEs and new PCEs shows that the BSFR is predicted more accurately in the latter case. This finding demonstrates that the existing IHCM can be adjusted in two ways: adjusting PCEs or calibrating the BSFR formula. The proposed models can also enhance the accuracy of BSFR prediction, leading to better signalized intersection capacity estimation, providing support for designing traffic operation, alleviating traffic congestion, and reducing congestion delay within the city. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Statistics from the 2018 National Social and Economic Survey revealed that one out of nine young females in Indonesia have been in female child marriage, and the prevalence remains high. Considering the serious consequences of female child marriage and that Sustainable Development Goal 5 on gender equality has targeted the elimination of female child marriage by 2030, a study concerning the prevalence and determinants of female child marriage needs to be conducted in Indonesia. In this paper, we examined the prevalence of and factors associated with female child marriage in Indonesia using binary logistic regression. We examined data from the Indonesia Demographic and Health Survey conducted in 2017. A sample of 9,333 young females aged 15–20 years was included in the study. Our analysis involved descriptive and binary logistic regression analysis. The results are presented in percentages and odds ratios (OR), with their respective confidence intervals. Our findings indicate that health insurance and sex of household head did not significantly influence female child marriage. The prevalence of female child marriage in Indonesia was quite high, reaching about 12.53%. Females with no education [OR = 76.448; (CI = 29.73–196.70)], not working [OR = 1.662; (CI = 1.41–1.94)], those with the poorest wealth index [OR = 3.215; (CI = 2.336–4.425)], those living in the east of Indonesia [OR = 1.451; (CI = 1.132–1.862)], and those living in rural areas [OR = 0.718; (CI = 0.609–0.844)] had the higher odds of experiencing female child marriage. Meanwhile, females with a secondary education level [OR = 16.296; (CI = 11.098–23.930)], those with a rich wealth index [OR = 1.940; (CI = 1.404–2.681)], and those living in the middle of Indonesia [OR = 1.263; (CI = 1.074–1.487)] were less likely to experience female child marriage. Educational background was the most significant factor influencing the high prevalence of female child marriage in Indonesia. Female empowerment through education as well as poverty alleviation were factors that could be strengthened to ensure that female child marriage is reduced or eliminated in Indonesia. Equality of access to information and better quality of education also need to be prioritized. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper investigates the role of Islamic faith‐based organisations (FBOs) in Indonesia and examines the way in which their disaster recovery aid can be successful or less successful depending on social capital formation in communities affected by a disaster. The paper argues that Islamic FBOs play a prominent role in disaster‐affected communities by building new social capital or strengthening existing social capital. Failure to do so may affect a community's recovery and its long‐term resilience. Applying a framework that considers three types of social capital—bonding, bridging, and linking—from a comparative perspective, the paper discusses two cases of disaster recovery: one following the earthquake that struck Aceh in 2013; and the other after the Mount Kelud volcanic eruptions in East Java in 2014. In both instances, the findings highlight the importance of the village facilitator, cultural sensitivity, and understanding of local indigenous and religious practices for successful disaster recovery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Smooth interaction with a disaster‐affected community can create and strengthen its social capital, leading to greater effectiveness in the provision of successful post‐disaster recovery aid. To understand the relationship between the types of interaction, the strength of social capital generated, and the provision of successful post‐disaster recovery aid, intricate ethnographic qualitative research is required, but it is likely to remain illustrative because it is based, at least to some degree, on the researcher's intuition. This paper thus offers an innovative research method employing a quantitative artificial intelligence (AI)‐based language model, which allows researchers to re‐examine data, thereby validating the findings of the qualitative research, and to glean additional insights that might otherwise have been missed. This paper argues that well‐connected personnel and religiously‐based communal activities help to enhance social capital by bonding within a community and linking to outside agencies and that mixed methods, based on the AI‐based language model, effectively strengthen text‐based qualitative research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines the government's strong interest in Indonesia's economic activities, especially in the context of post-COVID-19 economic recovery. The objective is to qualitatively analyze economic recovery strategies, especially in the MSME and tourism sectors, which have a significant impact on economic growth. A dynamic systems approach with qualitative methods was applied for collecting data through interviews, observations, and the use of secondary data from authentic articles. The findings highlight the need for support in the MSME sector, including improving the quality of human resources, financial management, tax incentives, credit relief and restructuring, increased working capital financing, product support, and e-learning training. The tourism sector requires innovation and diversification in the areas of product development, destinations, and tourism infrastructure management. This study makes a novel contribution by presenting a qualitative system dynamics conceptual model for post-COVID-19 economic recovery strategies. Future research will focus on testing and validating the components of this model in the context of MSMEs and tourism and will help policymakers, management teams, and relevant stakeholders in their efforts to recover MSMEs and tourism sectors from the impacts of disasters. This will have a significant impact on everyone involved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Acta Vet Indones. The Indonesian Veterinary Journal / Jurnal Acta Veterinaria Indonesiana is the property of IPB University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Purpose: Efforts to prevent and eradicate the crime of money laundering require a strong legal basis to ensure legal certainty. This paper aims to analyse law enforcement on money launderers with juridical review perspectives. Design/methodology/approach: The research method used in this study is the statute approach, which is to examine all laws and regulations related to the crime of money laundering. The writing method used is the normative method, which is a type of research that uses the analysis of certain legislation. Findings: Three new findings were discovered. In assessing the validity or validation of a business ownership or business transaction, there are at least three pieces of evidence that need to be used, namely, presence/absence of company/business registration in an official government database; the presence/absence (including the amount) of tax reported on income tax and VAT; and the presence/absence of other legal documents relating to the existence or general licensing of a business. Research limitations/implications: The results of this study are also expected to be helpful for the community, government agencies, or institutions, such as the police, to combat corruption, and money laundering. The Prosecutor's Office and the Corruption Eradication Commission (KPK) describe the handling of money laundering crimes originating from money laundering crimes. Social implications: This research can provide an overview and input for the broader community as an early warning so as not to commit money laundering crimes. Originality/value: This is one of the pioneer studies looking into law enforcement on money launderers with comprehensive juridical review. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper projects that the figures and characteristics of leaders are needed in the power of political parties, especially in contesting simultaneous regional elections in Indonesia. In the 2014 and 2019 elections, Jokowi and Prabowo Subianto, respectively, were two central figures in each party. Analysis of survey data for eight Indonesian elections shows that party leadership and identity are the most important determinants of party votes in legislative and presidential elections. Political parties must correctly place a central figure in their respective parties. The central figure serves as a booster, navigator, and inspiration for party cadres. In addition, figures can also be public reference material to choose one political party, when it is difficult for people to distinguish ideology between one party and another. Nevertheless, the system, traditions, and regeneration process must run as it should. Because only systems, traditions, and regeneration will be the foundation of the future. Political parties as a large organization are certainly not enough to rely on only one individual. There must be a regeneration of leadership within the party. So, if the central figure is no longer in the party, the party can still survive to maintain its existence in society. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines the impact of family ownership and supervisory board characteristics on carbon emission disclosure. It uses balanced panel data and a matched-pair design of 124 non-financial firms listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange from 2017 to 2019. This study finds that family firms and larger boards improve, while female board members harm carbon emission performance. Further analyses reveal non-linear relationships between family ownership and carbon performance. When control rights are limited, family firms prioritize controlling managers and improving carbon quality. Conversely, they prioritize personal objectives over environmental concerns when there are high control rights, resulting in decreased carbon emission performance. Additionally, family board members generate more carbon information, indicating the family owners effectively utilize their position on the supervisory boards to influence the company's carbon emission performance. Finally, the study reports that more faculty member boards seem to hurt carbon emission reduction efforts. This result suggests that the diversity of their professional experiences does not affect the environmental effectiveness of supervisory boards. Our findings highlight the importance of understanding SEW principles and their connection to families in comprehending Indonesian corporate carbon emissions disclosures. The findings of this study enrich the worldwide literature by exploring the potential benefits of family business environmental performance. This study also adds to the literature on corporate governance, especially the role played by supervisory boards. Our findings align with the resource dependence theory, emphasizing the central function of supervisory boards as a monitoring tool. This study is constrained by its reliance on carbon emission data extracted from the annual reports of public firms, with a particular emphasis on pre-COVID-19 data. Future research should focus on sustainability reports and explore the time frame encompassing COVID-19 (2020–2022 datasets) to determine any differences in the findings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Diversity and inclusion is a key focus of the profession. This paper investigates the ecological inherited niche of Indonesia and which employers accounting students choose and whether this will result in a diverse and inclusive profession. The authors conceptualise diversity as the demand-from the profession encompassing professional accounting firms, and inclusion as the supply of individuals wishing to enter the profession. Design/methodology/approach: The 1377 responses to a questionnaire survey of students deciding on their career paths were analysed using a multinomial logistic regression and path model. Findings: The findings show that a lack of diversity in the profession is caused by the ecological background, constructing a local niche, that prevents diversity. This is manifest in ethnicity, gender and education, whereby the local niche consists of Chinese males recruited from B-rated private universities. To bring diversity and inclusivity into the workplace, the profession needs to entice people from multi-faceted groups and match ecological niche underpinnings to expectations of the professional landscape. Non-Chinese females are needed to become role models and trail blazers to establish a diverse profession. The public interest will then be better served. Originality/value: This study uses niche construction as the theoretical framing and demonstrates that the profession needs to take action to become truly diverse and inclusive. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this study was to assess the occurrence of microplastic in digestive organs (esophagus to intestine) of popular marine commercial fish species: Jack (Caranx SP.), blackspot snapper (Lutjanus fulviflamma), coral grouper (Epinephelus carallicala), golden snapper (Lutjanus johnii) and pickhandle barracuda (Sphyraena jello) from Pangempang Estuary in Indonesia. To separate the microplastic particles, each sample was digested using alkaline digestion solution, filtered on Whatman paper and then dried. Microplastic particles in the processed digestive organ contents were identified and enumerated using a dissecting stereo microscope. Microplastics were observed in 94 % of fish digestive organs sampled: 100 % jacks (n = 10), 80 % blackspot snapper (n = 10), 100 % coral grouper (n = 10), 90 % golden snapper (n = 10) and 100 % pickhandle barracuda (n = 10). In these fish samples we found in average of 41 ± 6.0, 26 ± 11.0, 15 ± 2.0, 11 ± 1.0 and 14 ± 2.0 SE microplastic particles per individual and an average of 499.5 ± 94.4, 501.5 ± 198.8, 83.6 ± 18.4, 79.8 ± 11.6 and 40.2 ± 25.0 SE microplastic particles per kg fish weight, in jacks, blackspot snapper, coral grouper, golden snapper and pickhandle barracuda, respectively. Fiber was the most dominant type accounting for 78.6 % of all observed microplastics. Microplastic beads were not detected. The correlation of the average consumed microplastic and the average fish weight per species showed a negative relationship (R² = 0.36), but was not significant (p-value = 0.28). Our finding suggests that demersal fish like jacks, blackspot snapper and coral grouper may have ingested a higher quantity of microplastic particles compared to pelagic species like pickhandle barracuda. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The city of South Tangerang, located in the south of DKI Jakarta, plays a role as a buffer city with a very strategic location. The city attracts many individuals and corporations to live, do business, and invest thanks to its potential and attractiveness. Tangerang has grown rapidly in less than two decades, much of which has also been supported by large private investors and developers such as Jaya, Sinar Mas, Lippo, and Ciputra. Therefore, synergy between the City Government and the private sector is very important in the development and development of the city. Amid change and uncertainty, scenario planning analysis methods are applied to formulate various public policies that support urban development goals by considering internal and external risks. This policy paper discusses the possibility of the future of Tangerang City based on efforts and harmony between the City Government and the private sector. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The contribution of oil and gas to development is a classic debate among scholars. Some believe that oil and gas are positively related to development, while others believe the opposite. This study examines the contribution of oil and gas to development in Indonesia. Historical analysis of long-term data series, extracted from statistical documents since the colonial era, shows a positive relationship between oil and development in Indonesia. Although its contribution fluctuates, oil and gas have contributed to growth and welfare. However, the future of Indonesia's oil and gas industry is at stake. Declining reserves and production and shrinking upstream investment due to declining competitiveness amid the green energy transition agenda threaten the sustainability of Indonesia's oil and gas industry in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Indonesia is experiencing population growth, as well as urbanization, thus increasing the needs of housing. As a result, land prices are soaring, and the housing supply cannot meet the demand. The most recent measure to overcome housing problems is the One Million House Program, which aims to provide more than a million homes annually, with the majority of them being simple housing. The main characteristics of simple housing are limited space, limited facilities, and the use of basic materials. Regulation stated that any housing must satisfy the requirement of livable housing, which means the fulfilment of safety, health, and living-area requirements. This paper looks at affordability, livability, and sustainability criteria based on government regulation. It is found that the performance of housing cannot satisfy some of the requirements. The problems come from either inherently limited housing design, occupant requirements, or local climates. The existing research only focuses on one of three factors. Intertwined relationships between the three factors make an integrated approach necessary. A solution based on integrated performance modeling of the criteria is proposed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cases of cyberbullying among high school students have become the center of attention of educational institutions as a new form of bullying using information technology. Many studies examine cyberbullying as a new form of bullying. However, studies on school climate, social support, and social self-efficacy in reducing cyberbullying behavior among high school students are still limited. Therefore, this study investigates the effect of school climate, social support, and social self-efficacy on cyberbullying behavior. This study involved 290 high school students in three schools in Kupang City, Indonesia. We used a simple random sampling technique to determine which respondents were involved. SPSS version 20 and Amos 18 software were used to analyze the data for this study. Data analysis in this study used structural equation modeling (SEM) analysis. The study’s results revealed that school climate and social self-efficacy significantly negatively affected high school students’ cyberbullying behavior. Meanwhile, social support has no direct influence on students’ cyberbullying behavior. Social self-efficacy has also been shown to mediate the effect of school climate on high school students’ cyberbullying behavior. An in-depth discussion is presented in this paper to provide an overview of the critical implications for educational practitioners. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

English as a Lingua Franca is emerging in Indonesia, but it is not a well-documented variety. This paper aims to describe the pronunciation features of Indonesian-Accented English (IAE). Fifty educated Indonesians who were regular users of English were recorded reading two texts. The phonological features of consonants, clusters, and vowels were investigated through acoustic analysis and spectrographic observation. The results show that IAE is not predictable from contrastive Indonesian English analyses; that IAE may confuse listeners (e.g., if 'she' is realised as [si:]); and that speakers may regularly produce sounds at the beginning of words that they do not produce at the ends of words. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper explores the motives and mechanisms behind data localization implemented by states to protect data, which is essential to emerging technologies such as Artificial Intelligence. Despite the significant negative aspects of data localization for states, the practice has become increasingly prevalent, leading to the unexplored question of why states choose to implement it. This suggests that data localization is a form of economic means derived from digital technologies and employed by states to serve political objectives. Focusing on the data in platforms, the theoretical mechanism of data localization is captured in light of two factors: network perception and security externality. Network perception pertains to a state's perception of the positive network effect generated by platforms, while security externality refers to a state's consideration of the security implications in relation to the economic benefits derived from the positive network effect, serving the national interest in domestic and/or international contexts. To substantiate these theoretical propositions, the paper employs a comparative case study approach where Vietnam, Singapore, and Indonesia have been chosen as empirical cases based on the selection strategy. The paper bridges the concept of economic statecraft with digital technologies, fosters interdisciplinary discussions, and offers policy implications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The post-method era is currently experiencing a surge in popularity within the realm of English language teaching, particularly in the context of English as a Foreign Language (EFL), such as in Indonesia. Given the crucial role of Speaking as a central element in communication, it requires meticulous attention and instruction in an EFL setting. Teachers play a pivotal role in preparing effective strategies to assist learners in achieving fluency and accuracy in spoken English. Consequently, this paper aims to expound on the recommended micro strategies derived from Kumaravadivelu's post-method framework. It delineates the macro strategies of post-method in English Language Teaching (ELT) as the foundational elements for creating micro strategies tailored to the teaching of Speaking in the Indonesian context. The article outlines ten macro strategies, which include increasing learning opportunities, facilitating negotiated interaction, minimizing perceptual mismatches, activating intuitive heuristics, fostering language awareness, contextualizing linguistic input, integrating language skills, promoting learner autonomy, ensuring social relevance, and raising cultural consciousness. Drawing on this strategic framework, the article gives illustrated instances of classroom activities and instructional tactics, dubbed micro strategies, that have been utilized to improve Indonesian learners' EFL Speaking competency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Environmental & Social Management Journal / Revista de Gestão Social e Ambiental is the property of Environmental & Social Management Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Environmental & Social Management Journal / Revista de Gestão Social e Ambiental is the property of Environmental & Social Management Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This paper describes English as a foreign language (EFL) teachers' pedagogic beliefs and practices regarding culture and interculturality and the extent to which Islamic outlook informed their instruction. Five Indonesian high-school EFL teachers participated in this study. Data were collected over a 12-week period through classroom observations, narrative frames, and stimulated-recall and in-depth interviews. Findings were analysed using a qualitative framework. Evidence indicates that participating teachers often drew on home knowledge and religious significance to make sense of ideas expressed in English. Despite realising the global prominence of English, there were hints that the teachers lumped members of the target culture together. Ambiguities surrounding the teachers' instruction reveal paradoxes of educational exigencies and attitudinal resistance to ostensibly Western culture. This study calls for EFL pedagogies being more responsive to local linguistic repertoire and religio-cultural factors, highlighting the need to liberate the English classes from rigid ties to particular cultures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hazardous elements in the marine environment potentially affect the safety of seafood production in the area. Some elements are considered as essential elements for humans in a low concentration, but some others are toxic and believed to induce cancer even though at a trace level. This paper has studied the source of hazardous elements contamination in Lampung Bay, Indonesia, whether anthropogenic or geogenic. Sampling was conducted at a one-mile distance from the shore. Some stations were also located in the river mouth to investigate how much inland pollution affects the bay. The mean enrichment factor (EF) for each hazardous element are 0.62, 3.09, 2.79, 4.18, 2.03, 6.10, and 2.05 for Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd, As and Pb, respectively, showing that all elements influenced by anthropogenic source except Cr. This result is proven by the lower geo-accumulation index (Igeo) normalisation, meaning the influence of geogenic sources is limited. Further statistical analysis using principal component analysis (PCA) showed that the river mouth sampling stations influenced the concentration of hazardous elements in the bay. Although the concentration of the elements is below the maximum level of the quality standard for marine sediment in almost all sampling stations, continuing monitoring of the environmental healthiness of the bay is encouraged to ensure the sustainability of fisheries production in this area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents a critical discourse analysis of the Gerakan 30 September (G30S) event's portrayal in Indonesian Grade XII history textbooks across various curricula from 1994 to 2013. By analysing four textbooks, the study reveals an evolving narrative of the Communist Party of Indonesia (PKI) from a predominantly negative portrayal in earlier curricula to more nuanced and multiperspective representations in later editions. Early textbooks, aligned with the New Order's anti-communist ideology, depict the Communist Party of Indonesia (PKI) as a malevolent force, whereas later texts, especially under the 2013 curriculum, offer diverse viewpoints, reflecting a shift toward critical thinking and balanced historical understanding. This shift indicates changing political ideologies and educational approaches in Indonesia, highlighting the role of textbooks in shaping historical perception and national identity. The findings illuminate the transformation in educational narratives, emphasizing how these changes in textbooks are indicative of broader societal and political shifts and their significant impact on shaping collective memory and national consciousness in Indonesia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to design a quadratic optimization model of an investment portfolio based on value-at-risk (VaR) by entering risk-free assets and company liabilities. The designed model develops Markowitz's investment portfolio optimization model with risk aversion. Model development was carried out using vector and matrix equations. The entry of risk-free assets and liabilities is essential. Risk-free assets reduce the loss risk, while liabilities accommodate a fundamental analysis of the company's condition. The model can be applied in various sectors of capital markets worldwide. This study applied the model to Indonesia's mining and energy sector. The application results show that risk aversion negatively correlates with the mean and VaR of the return of investment portfolios. Assuming that risk aversion is in the 5.1% to 8.2% interval, the maximum mean and VaR obtained for the next month are 0.0103316 and 0.0138270, respectively, while the minimum mean and VaR are 0.0102964 and 0.0137975, respectively. The finding of this study is that the vector equation for investment portfolio weights is obtained, which can facilitate calculating investment portfolio weight optimization. This study is expected to help investors control the quality of appropriate investment, especially in some stocks in Indonesia's mining and energy sector. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The growing use of the internet, especially in urban centres, has made social media the contemporary discursive battleground for Muslims to dispute their cultural and political subjectivities. Muslim womanhood, particularly, has always been a concept under constant scrutiny. Previously, narratives about the ideal Muslim women were dominated by male preachers in mosques and public seminars. Nonetheless, social media has given Muslim women a platform to express what their cultural identity entails, the problems they experience, and their aspirations. This paper analyses the cyberspace activism strategy used by so-called controversial Muslim women group to express their political subjectivity within the Muslims community. This paper focuses on the Instagram account of Cadar Garis Lucu, a self-proclaimed feminist niqabi (face-veiled) community. Content analysis of Cadar Garis Lucu's Instagram posts and in-depth interviews with its members revealed their three discursive strategies: emphasising authenticity – that their choice of face veiling is their own choice; appealing to moderate Indonesian Muslims' interpretations of religion as an expression of love and plurality; and utilising collaborations with other similarly moderate religious social media accounts, to further justify face-veiled as a part of moderate Islam in Indonesia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Republic of Indonesia is a country with a constitutional system that is governed by the Indonesian Constitution. It is an independent and effective law enforcement agency in Indonesia. This paper aims to explore the enforcement of state law by the Prosecutor's Office of Indonesia (Kejaksaan RI) in the perspective of Law Number 16 of 2004. It focuses on the mechanisms, practices, and effectiveness of this enforcement from a legal and procedural standpoint. The research may offer insights into the interpretation and application of this law, identify challenges, and suggest potential improvements or reforms in the enforcement process. It provides a solid legal foundation for the Attorney General's office of Indonesia to carry out its duties as a policing in upholding justice and legal sovereignty in Indonesia's established framework. It emphasizes the crucial role of the Penal Service of Indonesia in constitutional law enforcement, including prosecuting crimes that harm the interests of the state or the public. Ensuring constitutional law enforcement is crucial for maintaining legal stability, eradicating corruption, improving governance, and strengthening public trust. Indonesia can achieve effective enforcement through strengthening regulations, coordination between legal institutions, and government, and by enhancing capacity and resources through training, education, professional development, interagency cooperation, and transparency and accountability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To address the environmental concerns, the coal mining sector must embrace sustainable practices throughout its value chain, including the area of human resource management. This paper aims to develop a green human resource management framework suitable for the coal mining sector, incorporating the principles of environmental sustainability into the human resource management practices. The framework demonstrates the potential in supporting the coal mining sector in achieving sustainability. The study is based on a single case study of Alpha-90 Company, a major open-cut coal mining company in Indonesia. Data was collected through 7 (seven) interviews with the management team, document analysis, and direct observation. The case study confirmed the key components of the green human resource management framework. It also found that Alpha-90 Company was at the awareness stage of the green human resource management practices, acknowledging its importance but not fully implementing them. This study proposes theoretical insights, practical implications, and recommendations for human resource practitioners. Additionally, it contributes to the green human resource management literature by providing a framework specific to the coal mining sector. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The COVID-19 pandemic has accelerated digital disruption in various aspects of human life, one of which is the change in the lifestyle of music fans and connoisseurs from physical to digital forms. The proliferation of various applications and digital platforms that contain song and/or music copyrights around the world has directly and indirectly affected the way music and songs are enjoyed in Indonesia. In countries that are both technologically advanced such as the United States, various technological innovations have been created to be able to provide optimal legal protection against the use of copyright songs and/or music on digital platforms. This paper discusses about digital initiatives that have been and should be carried out by Indonesia in order to provide optimal legal protection against the use of song and/or music copyrights on digital platforms. This legal writing is empirical juridical research and is prescriptive, in nature, to provide solutions to the problems faced. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The southern part of Sumatra Island consists of the provinces of South Sumatra, Lampung, Jambi, Bengkulu, and Bangka Belitung. Generally, the growth of fisheries' main actor groups is based on physical matters or oriented toward homogeneity or physical similarities owned by each member, such as age, gender, ethnicity, color, religion, business, and other physical characteristics. From a gender perspective, these groups have a gap between men and women. Among them are women's representation in aquaculture and fishing groups. In addition, the male model in the processing/marketing group is also low. This role of women is caused by social and cultural constructions, role discrimination, stereotypes, marginalization of women in society, and women's dual roles in public and domestic aspects of daily life. The socio-cultural building in question is that women are unlikely to go out in the sea to catch fish. In certain ethnicities, women's access to productive assets and sources of capital is limited, and women's ability to improve knowledge and technology still needs to be improved. This paper aims to introduce the gender gaps in fisheries groups located in five provinces in Southern Sumatra in Indonesia. This study uses the gender analysis perspective approach. The roles of women and men in different fishery activities were described based on the gender analysis framework which is composed of an activity profile, access and control profile, and factors and trends. As a result, men dominate productive roles, while women dominate reproductive and household activities. Gender issues, interpreted as socially constructed differences between men and women, can affect key factors in sustainable livelihoods. Both men and women reported that their participation in socio-cultural activities is strongly linked to biology, with men taking on heavier labor associated with masculinity and women undertaking lighter activities. Understanding and including women's practical and strategic needs is critical to improving the effectiveness of development and the spread of its benefits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the current era of globalization, there are many new cultures have emerged from the outside and are spread in all aspects of life. This can be worrying about the condition of local wisdom in several areas of traditional villages in Indonesia, which, with the development of technology in the era of globalization, is feared to have an impact on the behavior of people who are increasingly abandoning local wisdom. The purpose of this paper is not only commercial, but also to preserve the local culture so that it is not degraded by the changing times in the era of globalization. The method used in this research is a literature case study in the form of traditional tourism villages in Indonesia, such as Cirendeu Traditional Village, Ngadas Traditional Village, Tenganan Traditional Village, Kemiren Traditional Village, and Naga Traditional Village. The results of this study reveal how important the role of tourism villages is. These villages serve as the main activity center for local residents who already have a deep understanding of local wisdom values, where they can support each other and apply these traditional teachings in their daily activities, following in the footsteps of their predecessors. In the framework of further research, it is recommended to look for ways to improve accessibility, both in terms of the ease of reaching tourism village locations and communicating with the local government. This action has the potential to have a greater positive impact on the development and sustainability of these traditional tourism villages while allowing more people to interact with its rich culture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents findings and insights from a pilot study on online drawing instruction focusing on the Bargue drawing method conducted with a sample of students from the Art and Design Department at Universitas Negeri Malang (UM), Indonesia. The study aimed to explore the feasibility of an online course consisting of 16 hours of instruction delivered in two-hour sessions held every Tuesday and Thursday. The pilot study involved a total of 20 students. The research methodology employed in this study involved observation of the student's behavior during the course and analysis of their drawing results. These methodologies facilitated a thorough evaluation of the student's progress and performance. The participants faced various challenges throughout the online course, including internet connectivity issues, communication effectiveness, and fluctuating student motivation. Eventually, only eight students completed the course successfully. However, these students demonstrated significant progress and achieved impressive results in their drawings. This paper discusses the limitations and challenges encountered during the pilot study, emphasizing the need for an offline workshop model due to the constraints of online learning. The insight gained from this study contributes to understanding the necessary changes and considerations that should be addressed if one intends to pursue online pedagogy for art and design education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Indonesia is a country with the largest Muslim population in the world. The food industry in Indonesia is largely determined by the halal certification issued by the Majelis Ulama Indonesia (MUI). A halal certificate is one of the requirements that must be met for food product entrepreneurs. A halal certificate is a proof that the food product produced has gone through a production and processing process following Islamic religious requirements. Purpose: This paper aims to provide information on the effect of halal certification on purchasing interests and consumer loyalty in brands that have halal certification on their food products. Design/methodology/approach: The method used in this study is Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with the AMOS approach. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling. Findings/Result: The results of the study show that the variable halal certification has an influence on purchase intention, and purchase intention has an effect on brand loyalty. The results of this study also provide a view for business actors, especially the food industry in Indonesia, that halal certificates are one of the factors that have a major influence on the existence of the food industry business in the future. Halal certificates not only provide benefits to consumers but also provide benefits to producers to achieve broader target consumers. Conclusion: Halal certification has a significant influence on consumer purchasing intentions in the Indonesian food industry. This certification increases purchasing interest and consumer confidence in product quality, which in turn encourages brand loyalty. In addition, halal certification is important for the sustainability of the food business because it can attract a wider market, providing benefits for consumers and producers. This research also confirms that the halal concept is a business issue based on Islamic law, and encourages the government to continue to socialize halal certification to have a positive impact on the health and economic sectors. Originality/value (State of the art): The findings of this research reveal how halal certification significantly influences purchase intention. This implies that providing halal certificates to food products in Indonesia can increase consumer buying interest because it can provide confidence that the products adhere to halal principles. Additionally, it can enhance consumer confidence in product quality and compliance, leading to repeat purchases, and indicating consumer loyalty to preferred brands. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This paper aims to apply several data mining techniques for predicting the daily precision improvement of Jakarta Islamic Index (JKII) prices based on big data of symmetric volatility in Indonesia's Islamic stock market. Design/methodology/approach: This research uses big data mining techniques to predict daily precision improvement of JKII prices by applying the AdaBoost, K-nearest neighbor, random forest and artificial neural networks. This research uses big data with symmetric volatility as inputs in the predicting model, whereas the closing prices of JKII were used as the target outputs of daily precision improvement. For choosing the optimal prediction performance according to the criteria of the lowest prediction errors, this research uses four metrics of mean absolute error, mean squared error, root mean squared error and R-squared. Findings: The experimental results determine that the optimal technique for predicting the daily precision improvement of the JKII prices in Indonesia's Islamic stock market is the AdaBoost technique, which generates the optimal predicting performance with the lowest prediction errors, and provides the optimum knowledge from the big data of symmetric volatility in Indonesia's Islamic stock market. In addition, the random forest technique is also considered another robust technique in predicting the daily precision improvement of the JKII prices as it delivers closer values to the optimal performance of the AdaBoost technique. Practical implications: This research is filling the literature gap of the absence of using big data mining techniques in the prediction process of Islamic stock markets by delivering new operational techniques for predicting the daily stock precision improvement. Also, it helps investors to manage the optimal portfolios and to decrease the risk of trading in global Islamic stock markets based on using big data mining of symmetric volatility. Originality/value: This research is a pioneer in using big data mining of symmetric volatility in the prediction of an Islamic stock market index. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Studying the dynamic relationship among financial literacy, financial inclusion, fintech lending, and business capital mediation in the context of MSME performance is intriguing due to the intricate interconnections between these variables. This paper sought to assess the effect of financial literacy, financial inclusion, and fintech lending on the MSME performance in North Maluku Province, Sula Islands Regency, Sanana District, Indonesia. This research employed business capital as the mediating variable. Using a structural equation modelling, this study indicates that financial literacy, financial inclusion, and fintech lending have a positive and significant effect on the performance of micro, small, and medium enterprises. The presence of business capital can serve as a mediating factor in how financial literacy, financial inclusion, and fintech lending affect the performance of micro, small, and medium enterprises. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction/Main Objectives: The number of Indonesian students who study abroad has expanded significantly during the past few decades. Nonetheless, the nation has a lot of variables that would assist in the growth of overseas students leaving the country in the future. Consequently, this study aims to investigate the variables influencing the financial literacy of Indonesian students participating in international exchange programs. This study empirically examines how students' financial behavior could be affected by their financial knowledge, financial attitude, and financial culture. It also tests how financial literacy can be directly influenced by financial behavior. Additionally, the mediating role of financial behavior has been evaluated. Background Problems: Notwithstanding the rise in the number of students enrolled in international programs, and the availability of such programs in educational institutions worldwide, these students will confront numerous obstacles and difficulties. A vital skill for these students to possess is financial literacy, since there is a lot of emphasis on cost-saving when pursuing higher education in a global setting. However, studies into financial literacy are noticeably lacking, particularly in emerging nations such as Indonesia. Novelty: The current paper adds to the limited studies concerning the financial life of international students by developing an integrated framework to examine the most crucial factors impacting the financial literacy of Indonesian students participating in international exchange programs. Research Methods: An online survey was conducted to gather the primary data from the respondents. The acquired data were analyzed using PLS-SEM. Finding/Results: The research findings showed that financial literacy was significantly impacted by financial behavior, which in turn was impacted by financial knowledge, financial attitudes, and financial culture. The relationship between financial knowledge, financial attitudes, financial culture, and financial literacy was found to be significantly mediated by financial behavior. Conclusion: The present work provides theoretical and managerial contributions regarding managing the financial life of international students in Indonesia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to analyse the impacts of cross-border activities and cooperation in the conflict management process in the Sulu-Sulawesi Sea. Using a qualitative approach with a case study method, this research collected longitudinal data from 2016 to 2022 through observation, interviews, and literature reviews. The results indicate that inter-state conflict can be managed through cooperation in political-economy and socio-cultural aspects instead of defence and security concerns. Legal and traditional cross-border cooperation have played important roles in conflict management by reducing violence and the practice of transnational crimes, increasing the welfare of transnational communities, and building good relations among cross-border actors. Several factors have supported these roles, prominently cultural proximity and trade interdependence which encourage diaspora and business networking. However, this research also identifies illegal cross-border activities that have negative impacts on conflict management by increasing tensions and disrupting regional stability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This paper aims to examine the role of collaboration, knowledge transfer, service partner development, information sharing and logistics integration on product–service systems supply chain agility. Design/methodology/approach: Data were collected from 405 official motorcycle service partners in Indonesia using questionnaires and were analyzed using structural equation modelling. Findings: Collaboration has a significant impact on knowledge transfer and information sharing. Information sharing and logistics integration as mediation to improve product–service systems supply chain agility. Likewise, knowledge transfers and service partner development also as mediation to enhance supply chain agility. As a result, collaboration has no significant direct impact to supply chain agility. Research limitations/implications: Given the state of the sampling refers to specific industry, so the generalization of the results will be limited. Practical implications: The model provides insight for managers on how collaboration, knowledge transfer, service partner development, information sharing and logistics integration positively affect product–service systems supply chain agility. Using measurement items of this study, managers can determine and evaluate the current state and formulate strategies to improve their product–service systems supply chain capabilities. Originality/value: The contribution of this study lies in investigating the role of dynamic capabilities for product–service systems offering to improve supply chain agility. This study provides benefits for academicians and industry by filling the gap of the nascent study in product–service systems and supply chain agility. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper explores the implementation and effectiveness of formative assessment strategies to decorate the mastery of teaching competencies among preservice teachers in Indonesia. It specializes in the role of mentoring in guiding and helping preservice teachers efficiently make use of formative assessment practices to improve their instructional techniques and learner studying results. The study investigates the demanding situations and opportunities encountered in integrating formative assessment into the teacher education curriculum and offers guidelines for enhancing the mentorship system. The research method uses a systematic literature review incorporating the evaluation synthesis and guidance for mentors in enhancing the skills and knowledge of future educators in the context of formative assessment. The findings of the current study are exemplified through an analysis of the several facets of formative assessment and its advantages in enhancing teaching and students' acquisition of knowledge. The findings also offer precious insights for teachers, mentors, and policymakers seeking to elevate the best of teacher education packages and continuous professional improvement amongst preservice teachers by guiding them on the rigorous theories and procedures of formative assessment. This study provides a summary of the theoretical contributions and a step-by-step process for implementing formative assessment. It also discusses the implications of formative assessment for assessment education policies and practices in Indonesia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This study aims to investigate cases of fraudulent financial statements that have occurred in Indonesia and explore the similarities of cases that existed in the period before and after the establishment of the Financial Services Authority. Design/methodology/approach: This paper provides a descriptive examination of financial misstatements issued by different regimes by listed companies of the capital market and financial institution supervisory agency and the introduction of new financial service authority; among 93 listed companies that were subject to an official investigation arising from the publication of financial misstatements, these assessments were facilitated by mean of content analysis of annual reports following the announcement of an investigation. Findings: The findings indicate that each regime has a specific pattern of financial statement fraud. It is found that senior management is responsible for most fraud, and recording a fictitious sale is the most common method of falsifying financial statements. Under the new regime, the publication of cases is limited since the introduction of risk-based supervision. Financial Services Authority is likely to fine and prosecute the director of a company as a perpetrator rather than a corporation as a legal entity. Originality/value: This study contributes to the literature on the incidence of financial statement fraud in public companies and provides a detailed descriptive comparison of cases scrutinized by securities exchange commission in an emerging country. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the past 20 years, divorce has increased in Indonesia. Indonesian statistics show that divorces initiated by women exceed those by men. One issue that is often neglected is how socioeconomic differences also play a role in this matter. Drawing on our collaborative research on Muslim divorces in Indonesia, this paper focuses on the interplay between divorce strategies and socioeconomic differences among Muslim couples. Our in-depth interviews with 93 Muslim men and women and 19 judges from Islamic courts show that class differences shape distinctive dynamics of divorce among Muslim Indonesians. Couples from less educated, lower-income backgrounds accept marriage dissolution more easily, with women becoming much less tolerant of men's behaviors such as infliction of domestic violence, infidelity, and failure to provide financial support. Educated, middle-class urban couples divorce for similar reasons but tend to experience a lengthier process accompanied by complex layers of conflict. Many educated women's narratives emphasize their ability to support themselves through working, and a desire to be free of a bad marriage at any cost. Class and education thus contribute to significant differences in the experience and trajectories of divorce in Indonesia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]