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Walking for transportation is a common and accessible means of achieving recommended physical activity levels, while providing important social and environmental co-benefits. Even though walking in rapidly growing urban areas has become especially challenging given the increasing dependence on motorised transportation, walking remains a major mode of transportation in Latin American cities. In this paper we aimed to quantify self-reported walking for transportation in Mexico City, Bogota, Santiago de Chile, Sao Paulo, and Buenos Aires, by identifying both walking trips that are conducted entirely on foot and walking events involved in trips mainly conducted on other means of transportation (e.g. private vehicle, public transit) among individuals ≥5-years old. We show how walking-only trips account for approximately 30% trips in the analysed cities, and we evidence how the pedestrian dimension of mobility is largely underestimated if walking that is incidental to other transportation modes is not accounted for: when considering all walking events, we observed an increase between 73% and 217% in daily walking time. As a result, we estimated that between 19% and 25% of residents in these cities meet the WHO physical activity guidelines solely from walking for transportation. The results of the study also suggest that the promotion of public transportation in large Latin American cities can especially help certain population groups achieve the daily recommended levels of physical activity, while among low-income groups accessibility and safety seem to be the key challenges to be addressed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article seeks to carry out a study on the measurement of justice in transportation through the introduction of original metrics of justice that consider different currencies (travel time, energy consumption, PM emissions and NOₓ emissions) and principles of justice (Equality, Priority and Sufficiency), relying on available data from five metropolitan regions in Latin America. Based on available data from five metropolitan regions in Latin America (Brasília, Ciudad de México, Montevideo, Santiago, and São Paulo), this manuscript seeks to reduce the theoretical gap in the transport literature through the development of metrics of distributive justice based on existing Origin-Destination transport surveys, which is expected to identify the characteristics that seem to govern a fairer transport system, as well as to inform practitioners and policy makers about the conditions driving fairer urban environments. In addition to contributions to the evaluation of transport policies with data from developing countries, the discussions presented in this paper intend to provide insights into the major role of selecting the principles of justice and the distributed resources to evaluate the degrees of fairness in transportation systems. • Gap between theoretical contributions on transport justice and empirical applications • Theoretical reflections provide an adequate framework for evaluating transportation • Different principles of justice yield different outputs in fairness assessment • Relevance of justifying the selection of relevant resources to be distributed [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The performance Un violador en tu camino [A rapist in your way] created by the Chilean feminist collective Las Tesis received global media attention during the 2019/2020 Chilean protests against inequality and human rights violations. Drawing on insights from Feminist Critical Discourse Studies, Corporeal Sociolinguistics and Multimodal Critical Discourse Studies, we analyse three video recordings of Las Tesis' performances in three capital cities in Latin America: Santiago, Buenos Aires, and Mexico City. We study how sounds, lyrics, body movements, and accessories work together to defy institutional, material, and symbolic violence against women. We also analyse how intertextual strategies in the Santiago/Chilean performance and their recontextualization in Buenos Aires and Mexico City were employed to resist structural patriarchal norms. The analysis reveals that through an adaptation of the song lyrics and the performances, the following social actors are explicitly identified as the instigators of violence against women: the police and the President (Chile), judges opposed to the legalization of abortion (Argentina) and the Catholic Church (Mexico). This study advances understanding of feminist emancipatory and resistance discourses in Latin America. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]