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2. 点胶-纸带式小粒径种子蔬菜精密播种机设计与试验.
- Author
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刘彩玲, 李方林, 姜 萌, 黄嵘彪, 戴 磊, and 郜占鹏
- Subjects
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PLANT spacing , *CHINESE cabbage , *DISPENSING pumps , *MACHINE performance , *PLANT variation , *ADHESIVE tape , *ROTATIONAL motion , *CORNSTARCH - Abstract
A high-precision mechanized seeding can greatly contribute to the vegetable production at present. In this study, a spotting glue-paper tape precision seeder was designed for the small seed vegetables, particularly combining the seed rope and printing seeding. Three components were also divided in the seeder, including the peristaltic pump glue, ratchet spotting glue, and seed metering device. Among them, the glue was a mixture of pregelatinized starch and water. Specifically, the glue volume and viscosity were the main factors affecting the number of adhered seeds. The glue point volume depended mainly on the rotation angle of the peristaltic pump during the movement. A pretest of seed adhesion was carried out to preliminarily determine the mass ratio of pregelatinized starch to water (less than 1:5), representing the glue viscosity. Furthermore, the frequency of pump and dispensing were analyzed to clarify the relationship between the peristaltic pump and ratchet speed, where the number of ratchet teeth was determined to be 4. As such, the matching was realized between the peristaltic pump and ratchet spotting glue. The ratchet profile was also designed, according to the spotting glue motion. A theoretical analysis was made on the movement of seeds in the seed guiding tube. It was found that the aggregation effect of seeds on the paper tape relied on the length and cross-sectional angle of the seed guiding tube, as well as the rotation speed of the socket wheel. The seed guiding tube was then optimized for the optimal structural parameters. A Box_Behnken test was also carried out, where the length and cross-sectional angle of the seed guiding tube, while the rotation speed of the socket wheel was taken as the test factors, whereas, the percentage of seeds in the effective area on the paper tape was taken as the test index. The results showed that the percentage of seeds in the effective area on the paper tape was 57.23%, when the length of the seed guiding tube was 56 mm, the section angle was 35°, and the rotation speed of the seed metering wheel was 30 r/min. An adhesion test was also performed on the Shanghai Qing 605 seeds with a diameter of 1.5-2.0 mm. The test factors were then selected as the roller angle of the peristaltic pump and the mass ratio of pregelatinized starch to water. An optimal combination of parameters was achieved, including the size of the glue point, and the mass ratio of pregelatinized starch to water. Once the roller rotation angle was 10° and the mass ratio of pre-gelatinized starch to water was 1:6, the single seed rate of glue point adhesion to seeds reached 97.4%. The adaptability test was also carried out on the whole machine on the working performance of different varieties of small seed vegetables. It was found that the single seed rates of Shanghai Qing 605 and Siji Chinese cabbage seeds were greater than 95% under the working speed of 0.5-1.5 m/s, whereas, the coefficient of variation of plant spacing was less than 10%, fully meeting the requirements of precision sowing indicators that specified in the standard NY/T1143-2006. Therefore, the single seed rate and the working efficiency of the improved seeder increased by 3.53%, and 50% than before. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
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3. Horror Film and Otherness: Film and Culture: ADAM LOWENSTEIN, 2022, New York, NY: Columbia university press, pp. xiii + 229, illus., $140.00 (cloth), $35.00 (paper).
- Author
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Gibson, Michael
- Subjects
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OTHER (Philosophy) , *WOOD chemistry , *HORROR films , *TRANSGENDER people , *SOCIAL evolution , *SELF-perception - Abstract
Adam Lowenstein's book, "Horror Film and Otherness," explores the social relevance and transformative power of horror cinema. Lowenstein argues that horror films can teach us about otherness and illuminate the ongoing evolution of social norms and identities. He challenges Robin Wood's analysis of American horror cinema, offering a more nuanced understanding of the genre's exploration of trauma, alienation, and displacement. Lowenstein engages with theorists and historians to examine the themes of aging, the body, gender, and sexuality in horror films from the 1970s to the present. While the book is comprehensive, it lacks coverage of trans people, which would further contribute to the exploration of otherness. Overall, "Horror Film and Otherness" is a landmark text that highlights the importance of horror in understanding society and the self. [Extracted from the article]
- Published
- 2023
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4. Black Women and the Changing Television Landscape: LISA M. ANDERSON, 2023, New York, NY, Bloomsbury Academic, pp. x + 165, illus. (black and white), $80.00 (cloth), $22.95 (paper).
- Author
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Biano, Ilaria
- Subjects
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WOMEN on television , *BLACK women , *BLACK people , *LANDSCAPE changes , *TELEVISION situation comedies - Abstract
"Black Women and the Changing Television Landscape" by Lisa M. Anderson is a book that examines the portrayal of Black women on television throughout history. Anderson, an associate professor of women and gender studies, builds on her previous work to explore the complex and evolving representations of Black women in media. Using a semiotic approach and drawing on the work of Black feminist scholars, Anderson analyzes specific television shows and personalities from the 1950s to the present. The book goes beyond simplistic judgments and aims to understand the historical and cultural contexts in which these representations exist, as well as the agency of Black women in shaping them. It is a valuable resource for scholars in cultural, media, and television studies. [Extracted from the article]
- Published
- 2024
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5. SceneWriting: The Missing Manual for Screenwriters: CHRIS PERRY and ERIC HENRY SANDERS, 2022, New York, NY, Bloomsbury Academic, pp. vii + 230, index and appendices (references, course adoption guide), $34.95 (paper), $111.50 (cloth).
- Author
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Brashich, Audrey D.
- Subjects
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SCREENWRITERS , *ENGAGED reading , *MOTION picture audiences , *SCREENPLAYS - Abstract
Approaching the writing of a scene in this way, the authors argue, makes character motivations clear, creates tension and leaves room for either additional obstacles or resolution. Which points to another fundamental premise that Perry and Sanders believe in, namely that every scene needs to have both a goal and an obstacle. I SceneWriting: The Missing Manual for Screenwriters i by Chris Perry and Eric Henry Sanders is an essential primer on the important foundational structure and elements that make a scene - and by extrapolation, a story - work. [Extracted from the article]
- Published
- 2023
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6. Recoverable mutual exclusion with abortability.
- Author
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Jayanti, Prasad and Joshi, Anup
- Subjects
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CONFERENCE papers , *MULTIPROCESSORS - Abstract
Recent advances in non-volatile main memory (NVM) technology have spurred research on algorithms that are resilient to intermittent failures that cause processes to crash and subsequently restart. In this paper we present a Recoverable Mutual Exclusion (RME) algorithm that supports abortability. Our algorithm guarantees FCFS and a strong liveness property: processes do not starve even in runs consisting of infinitely many crashes, provided that a process crashes at most a finite number of times in each of its attempts. On DSM and Relaxed-CC multiprocessors, a process incurs O (min (k , log n)) RMRs in a passage and O (f + min (k , log n)) RMRs in an attempt, where n is the number of processes that the algorithm is designed for, k is the point contention of the passage or the attempt, and f is the number of times that p crashes during the attempt. On a Strict CC multiprocessor, the passage and attempt complexities are O(n) and O (f + n) , respectively. Our algorithm uses only the read, write, and CAS operations, which are commonly supported by multiprocessors. Attiya, Hendler, and Woelfel proved that, with any mutual exclusion algorithm, a process incurs at least Ω (log n) RMRs in a passage, if the algorithm uses only the read, write, and CAS operations (in: Proc. of the Fortieth ACM Symposium on Theory of Computing, New York, NY, USA, 2008). This lower bound implies that the worst-case RMR complexity of our algorithm is optimal for the DSM and Relaxed CC multiprocessors. This paper is an expanded version of our conference paper as reported by Jayanti and Joshi (in: Atig and Schwarzmann (eds) Networked Systems. Springer International Publishing, Cham, 2019), which presented the first Recoverable Mutual Exclusion (RME) algorithm that supports abortability. This algorithm from our conference paper (in: Atig and Schwarzmann (eds) Networked Systems. Springer International Publishing, Cham, 2019) admits starvation when there are infinitely many aborts in a run. In this paper, we fix this shortcoming and prove the algorithm's properties by identifying an inductive invariant. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
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7. Ceremony Men: Making Ethnography and the Return of the Strehlow Collection: By Jason M. Gibson. Albany, NY: SUNY Press, 2020. Pp. 318. US$32.95 paper.
- Author
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Nugent, Maria
- Subjects
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ETHNOLOGY , *COLLECTIONS - Abstract
Ceremony Men: Making Ethnography and the Return of the Strehlow Collection: By Jason M. Gibson. The collection in question in Gibson's study is that assembled by linguist and ethnographer T.G.H. ("Ted") Strehlow, now housed at the purpose-built Strehlow Research Centre in Alice Springs. This brings me to the second innovation that Gibson makes in approaching Strehlow's archive: his decision to focus on the work that Strehlow did with the Anmatyerr. [Extracted from the article]
- Published
- 2023
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8. Platform placemaking and the digital urban culture of Airbnbification.
- Author
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Törnberg, Petter
- Subjects
COSMOPOLITANISM ,URBAN tourism ,DIGITAL technology ,ELECTRONIC paper ,POSTMODERNISM (Literature) ,CULTURE - Abstract
This paper develops the notion of "platform placemaking", describing how platforms mobilize user data to remake urban spatial imaginaries in their interests. Using Airbnb as a case, the paper studies the digital urban culture of "Airbnbification" – examining how Airbnb's reviews and descriptions become part of reshaping urban place, while contributing to the place alienation of long-term residents. Airbnb feeds a surge in urban tourists on the hunt for "real urban experiences": off-the-beaten-track, everyday and mundane urban life, seen as representing something "real" and "authentic". This paper situates Airbnb in the literature on postmodern consumption, and examines the way hosts and guests on Airbnb stage, perform and construct cosmopolitanism and "authentic" urban place to cater to the values of new urban tourism. The paper introduces an approach to studying digital urban culture through platform data, using computational discourse analysis to examine Airbnb in New York City. By linking narratives in reviews and neighborhood descriptions to census data, we examine how authenticity and cosmopolitanism is staged and marketed. The paper argues that Airbnb serves to promote a value system that devalues the cultural and spatial capital of long-term residents, implying that the new tourists' cosmopolitan longing to belong may thus come at the cost of the locals' own sense of belonging. The platform placemaking of Airbnb thus emphasizes urban place as a consumption experience, while depressing other ways of experiencing the city. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
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9. Position Paper Introducing a Sustainable, Universal Approach to Retrofitting Residential Buildings.
- Author
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Fedorczak-Cisak, Małgorzata, Bomberg, Mark, Yarbrough, David W., Lingo, Lowell E., and Romanska-Zapala, Anna
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RETROFITTING of buildings ,SCIENCE conferences ,DWELLINGS ,BUILDING envelopes ,REAL estate investment ,COVID-19 pandemic - Abstract
Protests during the 2021 Climate Conference in Glasgow exemplified our dilemma. The establishment perpetuates old thinking, while young people demand a new approach to mitigate the impact of climate change. The authors agree with the young people, and as a solution we propose to replace the current fragmentary approach with a new holistic one. The passive house approach that was conceptualized by the University of Illinois and built in Canada in 1977 showed us that energy consumption can be reduced about half of that used in the traditional design. Seventeen years later, a European passive house was built in Darmstadt. In 2008, a demonstration house in Syracuse, NY, showed that integrated passive measures produced energy use by about half of the NY state code for 2004. At the same time, some advanced houses in the USA showed total energy use of about 70 kWh/(m
2 ∙y). In 2008, at the first Building Enclosure Science and Technology Conference, two equally important objectives for 2030 were proposed by the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory: (1) a 90% reduction of energy use in new buildings and (2) 50% for the retrofitting of existing buildings, i.e., to the level achieved in the 1980s. The first objective has recently been achieved in small buildings while the large residential buildings remain on the level obtained in the 2000s. Yet, the retrofitting of existing buildings (the second objective) has been a dismal failure. This paper acknowledges progress in hydronic heating and cooling involving electric heat pumps and hybrid solar panels, building automatics used for operation of HVAC, and modification of air distribution systems that comes from experience with the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. Furthermore, it highlights that to accelerate energy efficiency and carbon emission reductions, there must be broad public-private educational programs with demonstrations of a new generation of retrofitting. Economically and ecologically retrofitted buildings will create a new approach to real estate investment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2022
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10. Fashioning James Bond: Costume, Gender and Identity in the World of 007: LLEWELLA CHAPMAN, 2022 London, NY, Bloomsbury Academic pp. xii + 320, illus., £65.00 (cloth), £19.99 (paper).
- Author
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Williams, Melanie
- Subjects
COSTUME ,FEMININE identity ,MASCULINE identity ,WEDDING gowns ,TEXTILES - Abstract
Fashioning James Bond: Costume, Gender and Identity in the World of 007: LLEWELLA CHAPMAN, 2022 London, NY, Bloomsbury Academic pp. xii + 320, illus., £65.00 (cloth), £19.99 (paper) Bond, James Bond, is synonymous with many iconographic elements, from gadgets and guns to megalomaniac foes with dastardly schemes, but the sharp-suited hero and the bikini-clad Bond girl are undoubtedly some of the franchise's most recognizable icons and absolutely central to its ongoing appeal. But despite being organized by Bond, the focus does not rest exclusively on the hero himself and there is plenty of space dedicated to discussing the costuming of those aforementioned Bond girls, later re-labelled Bond women, his bosses and colleagues, as well as the villains and their inevitable henchmen. [Extracted from the article]
- Published
- 2022
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11. Opinion: NY Must Protect a Voter's Right to a Paper Ballot.
- Author
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Cunningham, Brian and Cleare, Cordell
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BALLOTS ,VOTING ,VOTING machines ,ELECTIONS ,ELECTION boards ,ELECTION law ,VOTERS - Abstract
CITY VIEWS: OPINIONS and ANALYSIS, Government, Opinion, Politics, Politics & Government, 2023 elections, board of elections, ballots, paper ballots, new york state board of elections Keywords: CITY VIEWS: OPINIONS and ANALYSIS; Government; Opinion; Politics; Politics & Government; 2023 elections; ballots; board of elections; new york state board of elections; paper ballots EN CITY VIEWS: OPINIONS and ANALYSIS Government Opinion Politics Politics & Government 2023 elections ballots board of elections new york state board of elections paper ballots N.PAG N.PAG 1 11/10/23 20231107 NES 231107 I "At a time when Americans' faith in our government is at an all time low, outsourcing the functions of our democracy to a machine with a history of issues and little ability for verification is a risk that New York cannot afford." i Graph: Adi Talwar Eric Ramirez, 39, marking his ballot at a polling station in the Bronx during the June primary. VIVA guarantees that voters continue to control their own votes, allowing them to directly mark their ballots by hand, while ensuring that ballot marking machines are available to voters with disabilities or others who need or wish to use them. [Extracted from the article]
- Published
- 2023
12. The Art of Commercial Archives.
- Author
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Greenhill, Jennifer A.
- Subjects
ART archives ,COMMERCIAL art ,ARCHIVES ,CORPORATE bonds ,NATIONAL museums ,UNITED States history - Abstract
Drawing on the archives of the electrical spectacular designer Douglas Leigh, this essay demonstrates the benefits of approaching the papers of commercial artists and advertisers from an art-historical perspective. Leigh's substantial archive documenting decades of production in New York City would arguably be better placed in a collection like the National Museum of American History, which has strengths in the history of advertising. But what might this change of context render invisible in a collection like the Douglas Leigh Papers? [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
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13. The Brutalist Figure—Grid: Exploring New York Brutalism.
- Author
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Letzter, Jonathan
- Subjects
BRUTALISM (Architecture) ,ARCHITECTURAL details ,CONSTRUCTIVISM (Architecture) ,URBAN planning ,HOUSING development - Abstract
The grid plays a prominent role in architecture, aiding in space organization and influencing all aspects of planning, ranging from urban design to intricate building details. This paper posits that the grid receives heightened emphasis in Brutalism, particularly in constructivist Brutalism, where materials and construction are intentionally exposed. A question arises regarding the grid's characteristics—despite its subtle appearance, the grid can sometimes be deceptive, ambiguous, and manipulative. The paper analyzes the merits and drawbacks of employing the grid in architecture, shedding light on its contributions to both structural and perceptual comprehensibility, as well as its role in increasing usefulness. To illustrate the application and perception of the grid, the paper examines two primary planning levels: urban planning and building design. The case studies focus on examples from New York City housing developments, specifically those constructed between the 1950s and the 1970s, and projects by architect I. M. Pei, which offer valuable insights into practical implementation. The paper concludes that while the grid can establish order, it may also engender an "uncanny" feeling. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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14. 2020 Best Paper Award Accounting Historians Journal.
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FINANCIAL statements ,URBAN research ,ACCOUNT books ,ACCOUNTING methods ,ADMINISTRATIVE reform ,INTERNAL auditing - Abstract
This paper examines the administrative and accounting reforms coordinated by Herman A. Metz around the turn of the 20th century in New York City. Reform efforts were motivated by deficiencies in administering New York City's finances, including a lack of internal control over monetary resources and operational activities, and opaque financial reports. The activities of Comptroller Metz, who collaborated with institutions such as the New York Bureau of Municipal Research, were paramount in initiating and implementing the administrative and accounting reforms in the city, which contributed to reform efforts across the country. Metz promoted the adoption of functional cost classifications for city departments, developed flowcharts for improved transaction processing, strengthened internal controls, and published the 1909 Manual of Accounting and Business Procedure of the City of New York, which laid the groundwork for transparent financial reports capable of providing vital information about the city's activities and subsidiary units. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
15. Scholastic Corporation SWOT Analysis.
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PUBLISHING ,SWOT analysis - Abstract
A SWOT analysis of Scholastic Corporation is presented.
- Published
- 2024
16. Opinion: NY State Legislature Must Act to Curb the Perils of Plastic.
- Author
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Epstein, Harvey, Selden, Jane, and Augustine, Victoria
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PLASTICS ,PAPER recycling ,HOMELESSNESS - Abstract
Plastic pollution has become a public health concern, with studies showing the presence of microplastics and nanoplastics in our food, water, and bodies. Two bills introduced in the New York State legislature aim to address this issue. The Packaging Reduction and Recycling Infrastructure Act would ban the use of toxic chemicals in plastic production and mandate reductions in plastic packaging over the next 12 years. The Bigger, Better Bottle Bill would increase the container deposit fee and include more types of beverages in the deposit system. These bills would not only help reduce plastic pollution but also save taxpayers money and benefit marginalized individuals who collect and redeem beverage containers. Additionally, reducing plastic production is crucial for environmental and climate justice, as plastic production contributes significantly to greenhouse gas emissions and disproportionately affects low-income communities and communities of color. Legislation is needed to ensure a sustainable future. [Extracted from the article]
- Published
- 2024
17. THREE-DIMENSIONAL ENABLEMENT OF PLACE-BASED, PANDEMIC BEHAVIORS.
- Author
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Bagul, S. and Laefer, D.
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HEALTH facilities ,INFECTIOUS disease transmission ,PERSONAL protective equipment ,HUMAN behavior ,PANDEMICS - Abstract
Harvesting usable and meaningful disaster-related, spatio-temporal data at a highly granular level poses major challenges in its cleaning and aggregation. This paper presents a strategy related to those challenges with respect to individual behavior near COVID-19 laden healthcare facilities. This is done to enable the visualizing of egress behavior data as interactive, three-dimensional (3D) scenes to investigate human behavior patterns regarding touch-based, disease transmission. Therefore, the aim is to demonstrate how this concept of 3D epidemiology may provide new mechanisms to understand the relative risk and exposure prevalence for data analysis. This paper demonstrates 3D enablement of disaster-related field data through use of first-hand observations of 1,936 individuals egressing New York City healthcare facilities during the onset of COVID-19 in the Spring of 2020. The observations capture egress behavior in terms of where people go (e.g. coffee shop, Subway) and how they physically interact with the surroundings (i.e. what they touch and how long they remain). This paper introduces a mechanism for automated extraction and 3D visualization of such data in Potree, an open-source Web Graphics Library (WebGL) point cloud viewer. Distinctive vertex shaders are used to distinguish specific destination selection and behavioral patterns (e.g. personal protective equipment usage). Two-dimensional heatmaps are paired with 3D scenes to demonstrate the potential of using 3D visualization of spatio-temporal patterns for visualizing disease transmission potential. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
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18. The World Trade Center Health Program: an introduction to best practices.
- Author
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Calvert, Geoffrey M., Anderson, Kristi, Cochran, John, Cone, James E., Harrison, Denise J., Haugen, Peter T., Lilly, Gerald, Lowe, Sandra M., Luft, Benjamin J., Moline, Jacqueline M., Reibman, Joan, Rosen, Rebecca, Udasin, Iris G., and Werth, Aditi S.
- Subjects
HEALTH programs ,MEDICAL centers ,BEST practices ,TERRORISM ,SEPTEMBER 11 Terrorist Attacks, 2001 - Abstract
More than 20 years have elapsed since the September 11, 2001 (9/11) terrorist attacks on the World Trade Center (WTC), Pentagon and at Shanksville, PA. Many persons continue to suffer a variety of physical and mental health conditions following their exposures to a mixture of incompletely characterized toxicants and psychological stressors at the terrorist attack sites. Primary care and specialized clinicians should ask patients who may have been present at any of the 9/11 sites about their 9/11 exposures, especially patients with cancer, respiratory symptoms, chronic rhinosinusitis, gastroesophageal reflux disease, psychiatric symptoms, and substance use disorders. Clinicians, especially those in the NY metropolitan area, should know how to evaluate, diagnose, and treat patients with conditions that could be associated with exposure to the 9/11 attacks and its aftermath. As such, this issue of Archives contains a series of updates to clinical best practices relevant to medical conditions whose treatment is covered by the WTC Health Program. This first paper in the 14-part series describes the purpose of this series, defines the WTC Health Program and its beneficiaries, and explains how relevant Clinical Practice Guidelines were identified. This paper also reminds readers that because physical and mental health conditions are often intertwined, a coordinated approach to care usually works best and referral to health centers affiliated with the WTC Health Program may be necessary, since all such Centers offer multidisciplinary care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
19. Effectiveness of a culturally tailored HIV intervention in promoting PrEP among black women who use drugs in community supervision programs in New York City: a randomized clinical trial.
- Author
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Goddard-Eckrich, Dawn, McCrimmon, Tara, Bond, Keosha, Chang, Mingway, Hunt, Timothy, Hall, Jennifer, Russo, Mary, Ramesh, Vineha, Johnson, Karen A., Downey, Dget L., Wu, Elwin, El-Bassel, Nabila, and Gilbert, Louisa
- Subjects
COMMUNITY-based programs ,CLINICAL trials ,PRE-exposure prophylaxis ,BLACK women ,DRUG utilization ,DIAGNOSIS of HIV infections - Abstract
Background: In the U.S. there are significant racial and gender disparities in the uptake of pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP). Black Americans represented 14% of PrEP users in 2022, but accounted for 42% of new HIV diagnoses in 2021 and in the South, Black people represented 48% of new HIV diagnoses in 2021 but only 21% of PrEP users in 2022. Women who use drugs may be even less likely than women who do not use drugs have initiated PrEP. Moreover, women involved in community supervision programs (CSP) are less likely to initiate or use PrEP, More PrEP interventions that focus on Black women with recent history of drug use in CSPs are needed to reduce inequities in PrEP uptake. Methods: We conducted a secondary analysis from a randomized clinical trial with a sub-sample (n = 336) of the total (N = 352) participants from the parent study (E-WORTH), who tested HIV negative at baseline were considered PrEP-eligible. Black women were recruited from CSPs in New York City (NYC), with recent substance use. Participants were randomized to either E-WORTH (n = 172) an HIV testing plus, receive a 5-session, culturally-tailored, group-based HIV prevention intervention, versus an HIV testing control group (n = 180). The 5 sessions included an introduction to PrEP and access. This paper reports outcomes on improved awareness of PrEP, willingness to use PrEP, and PrEP uptake over the 12-month follow-up period. HIV outcomes are reported in a previous paper. Results: Compared to control participants, participants in this study assigned to E-WORTH had significantly greater odds of being aware of PrEP as a biomedical HIV prevention strategy (OR = 3.25, 95% CI = 1.64–6.46, p = 0.001), and indicated a greater willingness to use PrEP as an HIV prevention method (b = 0.19, 95% CI = 0.06–0.32, p = 0.004) over the entire 12-month follow-up period. Conclusions: These findings underscore the effectiveness of a culturally-tailored intervention for Black women in CSP settings in increasing awareness, and intention to initiate PrEP. Low uptake of PrEP in both arms highlight the need for providing more robust PrEP-on-demand strategies that are integrated into other services such as substance abuse treatment. Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02391233. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
20. Rezoning a top-notch CBD: The choreography of land-use regulation and creative destruction in Manhattan's East Midtown.
- Author
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Charney, Igal
- Subjects
CREATIVE destruction ,CANNABIDIOL ,CHOREOGRAPHY ,BUILT environment ,LAND use ,INSTITUTIONAL environment - Abstract
Copyright of Urban Studies (Sage Publications, Ltd.) is the property of Sage Publications, Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
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21. Ecuadorians in NYC: Language and Cultural Practices of a Community in the Diaspora.
- Author
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Puma Ninacuri, Christian and Gubitosi, Patricia
- Subjects
ECUADORIANS ,DIASPORA ,FOREIGN language education ,SOLIDARITY ,GROUP identity ,ETHNOLOGY - Abstract
Given that Ecuadorians are one of the largest groups of Hispanics living in New York, they have become a tight community that they now call little Ecuador. Although Ecuadorians living in the diaspora in NYC come from different parts of the country (mostly from the Andean region), they share the same cultural practices they performed in Ecuador that give them the sense of being in their country without bearing the instability and turmoil their country experiences. This shows how the group has fostered a sense of a multifaceted, multidimensional simultaneity between the host country and the motherland. The goal of this paper is to analyze the strategies Ecuadorian migrants use to validate their language and cultural practices to negotiate their identity as a group. Data for this paper come from ethnographic observations, semi-spontaneous conversations, oral interviews with members of the group, along with pictures taken while walking the community and participating in some of their events. Our study reveals that participants hold varying perceptions regarding their linguistic and cultural practices. However, it is noteworthy that they recognize these practices as a manifestation of Ecuadorianness, signifying a sense of solidarity among community members. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
22. Harmonizing Dimensionality: Unveiling the Prowess of Variational Auto-Encoder in Spark for Big Data Processing.
- Author
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Jawad, Wasnaa and Al-Bakry, Abbas
- Subjects
DISTRIBUTED computing ,MACHINE learning ,BIG data - Abstract
In the dynamic realm of big data processing, conquering the challenges imposed by highdimensional datasets is imperative. This paper introduces a groundbreaking advancement in dimensionality reduction, employing Variational Auto-Encoder (VAE) within the Spark distributed framework. The deliberate selection of the "TLC" dataset, representative of New York City taxi trips with inherent high dimensionality, highlights the practicality of our approach. Our research showcases the virtuoso performance of VAE, achieving an impressive 95.12% reduction ratio and 89.26% accuracy. This highlights VAE's ability to elegantly distill essential information while discarding superfluous dimensions, achieving a harmonious balance between reduction and accuracy. Furthermore, building on the demonstrated superiority of Spark over Hadoop in prior successes, our adoption of VAE aligns with the overarching goal of enhancing big data processing. Spark's consistent advantage as a distributed framework reaffirms its reliability in handling diverse machine learning algorithms. This paper not only contributes to the advancement of machine learning in big data processing but also underscores the adaptability, versatility, and consistent performance of our approach across various methodologies and frameworks. The success of VAE in reducing dimensionality, coupled with Spark's inherent advantages, positions this research as a valuable contribution to the exploration of advanced techniques in distributed big data processing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
23. Design of an Electronically Controlled Fertilization System for an Air-Assisted Side-Deep Fertilization Machine.
- Author
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Zhu, Qingzhen, Zhu, Zhihao, Zhang, Hengyuan, Gao, Yuanyuan, and Chen, Liping
- Subjects
PARTICLE swarm optimization ,TECHNICAL specifications ,PID controllers ,STEPPING motors - Abstract
The traditional air-assisted side-deep fertilization device has some problems, such as inaccurate control system parameters and poor precision in variable fertilization. It seriously affects the application and popularization of the device. Aiming at the above problems, this paper wanted to realize the precise fertilizer discharge control of an air-assisted side-deep fertilization device. This paper designs an electronically controlled fertilization system based on a PID controller from the past. The system model was constructed in MATLAB, and the mathematical model and transfer function model of a stepper motor, the mathematical model of fertilizer discharge, and the stepper motor rotational speed were established too. In order to improve the accuracy of precise fertilizer discharge control system parameters, the system parameters were optimized based on the particle swarm optimization algorithm and the control system tuner toolbox. We had established a validation test platform to test the performance of a precise fertilizer discharge control system. In the actual experiment, the maximum stability coefficient of variation was 0.91% at the target fertilizer discharge mass level of 350 g/min, and the maximum error of fertilizer discharge was 4.14% at 550 g/min of the target fertilizer discharge mass level. By analyzing the test results of the precise fertilizer discharge control system, the new precise fertilizer discharge control system had good fertilizer discharge stability and could also meet the technical specification for quality evaluation of fertilization machinery (NY/T 1003-2006). This research can improve the fertilizer discharge accuracy of the air-assisted side-deep fertilization control system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
24. Local Fabric: Mid-Century Modernisms, Textile and Fashion Design, and the Northwest Coast, 1940–1967.
- Author
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Allen, Laura J.
- Subjects
FASHION design ,TEXTILE design ,COASTS ,COMMERCIAL art ,NATIVE Americans ,FASHION - Abstract
In the mid-twentieth century, growing North American textile and ready-to-wear industries vigorously appropriated Native American aesthetics to cultivate a commercial and design identity apart from Europe. Most studies of the circulation of Indigenous idioms in these industries focus on Southwestern or South Pacific regionalisms, and scholarship on studio and commercial fabric and fashion design from the Northwest Coast in the twentieth century is limited. This paper contributes by raising Indigenous and non-Indigenous use of Northwest Coast design forms during the politically turbulent 1940s–1960s and analyzing the impact of this aesthetic vocabulary within broader North American textiles and fashion. Throughout, I engage with the approaches of critical fashion theory and multiple modernisms, considering the frictions of property and power relations within settler-colonial states, then and now. Drawing from study of objects, periodicals, and archival materials as well as first-person perspectives, I contextualize these representations within entangled art, museum, and design worlds in the Northwest Coast, New York City, and the Southwest. My examination illustrates that Northwest Coast artists and art ideas asserted a peripheral but locatable role in mid-century textiles and fashion, facilitating the development of today's robust Indigenous fashion network on the Northwest Coast and its cultural politics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
25. Mapping Poverty in Gotham: Visualizing New York City's Almshouse Ledgers from 1822 to 1835.
- Author
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Fennelly, Katherine
- Subjects
POVERTY ,NINETEENTH century ,ARCHIVAL research ,MAPS - Abstract
This paper maps and spatializes the Almshouse Ledger records for the children of unmarried parents in New York City in the 1820 and 1830s. Mapping the distribution of poverty and the provision of forms of welfare in the city, this paper illustrates specific areas of the city which were attracting the very poor as early as the second decade of the nineteenth century. This paper argues that migrants from countries with similar welfare systems to those established in New York may be overrepresented in the record due to familiarity with the system. This interdisciplinary paper combines archaeological approaches to GIS with archival research to illustrate the distribution of welfare provision. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
26. Scholastic Corporation SWOT Analysis.
- Subjects
PUBLISHING ,SWOT analysis - Abstract
A SWOT analysis of Scholastic Corporation is presented.
- Published
- 2023
27. Data on Gastroenterology Described by Researchers at Columbia University (Health Care Transition for Adolescents and Young Adults With Pediatric-onset Liver Disease and Transplantation: a Position Paper By the North American Society of ...).
- Subjects
TRANSITIONAL care ,YOUNG adults ,LIVER diseases ,LIVER transplantation ,GASTROENTEROLOGY - Abstract
Keywords for this news article include: New York City, New York, United States, North and Central America, Diet and Nutrition, Digestive System Diseases and Conditions, Gastroenterology, Health and Medicine, Hepatology, Liver Diseases and Conditions, Pediatric Gastroenterology, Pediatrics, Columbia University. Keywords: New York City; State:New York; United States; North and Central America; Diet and Nutrition; Digestive System Diseases and Conditions; Gastroenterology; Health and Medicine; Hepatology; Liver Diseases and Conditions; Pediatric Gastroenterology; Pediatrics EN New York City State:New York United States North and Central America Diet and Nutrition Digestive System Diseases and Conditions Gastroenterology Health and Medicine Hepatology Liver Diseases and Conditions Pediatric Gastroenterology Pediatrics 2023 FEB 20 (NewsRx) -- By a News Reporter-Staff News Editor at Gastroenterology Week -- Researchers detail new data in Gastroenterology. [Extracted from the article]
- Published
- 2023
28. Guest Editorial Special Section on the 2022 SEMI Advanced Semiconductor Manufacturing Conference.
- Author
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Bickford, Jeanne Paulette, Patterson, Oliver D., Le Cunff, Delphine, Buengener, Ralf, Radloff, Stefan, and Werbaneth, Paul
- Subjects
DIGITAL technology ,SEMICONDUCTOR manufacturing ,SPECIAL events ,CONFERENCES & conventions ,SEMICONDUCTOR devices - Abstract
The 2022 ASMC, our 33rd, returned to Saratoga Springs, NY as an in-person conference after 2 years as a virtual conference. While we are all grateful for the digital world’s enhancements that allowed this conference to be held remotely, attendees were happy to return to an in-person event where networking is much easier. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
29. Reviewing a 5-Year Grant-Funded Campus OER Initiative: Reflections, Successes, & Challenges.
- Author
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BOYLE, CHRISTINA
- Subjects
EDUCATIONAL resources ,PUBLIC universities & colleges ,HIGHER education ,TEXTBOOKS ,SUCCESS - Abstract
Open Educational Resources (OER) have continued to gain traction in higher education, assisting with ever-rising costs of publisher textbooks and supporting pedagogical innovation. Starting in 2017, NY state legislature has allocated funds annually to be split between its two public university systems to support and incentivize the adoption of OER. The author's institution, an included public college, has secured portions of this funding each year. This paper will focus on the initial five years of the statefunded OER initiative at the City University of New York (CUNY) College of Staten Island, with reflections on the successes of the program, the overall process of the annual grant cycle on campus, challenges that arose in the burgeoning OER program, and suggestions for future considerations. The main aim of this paper is to highlight the impact of state funding on the establishment of a library-facilitated OER initiative, to serve as a example for other institutions who are seeking to build an OER program. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
30. Information-theoretic analysis of Hierarchical Temporal Memory-Spatial Pooler algorithm with a new upper bound for the standard information bottleneck method.
- Author
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Sanati, Shiva, Rouhani, Modjtaba, and Hodtani, Ghosheh Abed
- Subjects
MACHINE learning ,INFORMATION theory ,FISHER information ,ALGORITHMS ,MARKOV processes ,DATA distribution - Abstract
Hierarchical Temporal Memory (HTM) is an unsupervised algorithm in machine learning. It models several fundamental neocortical computational principles. Spatial Pooler (SP) is one of the main components of the HTM, which continuously encodes streams of binary input from various layers and regions into sparse distributed representations. In this paper, the goal is to evaluate the sparsification in the SP algorithm from the perspective of information theory by the information bottleneck (IB), Cramer-Rao lower bound, and Fisher information matrix. This paper makes two main contributions. First, we introduce a new upper bound for the standard information bottleneck relation, which we refer to as modified-IB in this paper. This measure is used to evaluate the performance of the SP algorithm in different sparsity levels and various amounts of noise. The MNIST, Fashion-MNIST and NYC-Taxi datasets were fed to the SP algorithm separately. The SP algorithm with learning was found to be resistant to noise. Adding up to 40% noise to the input resulted in no discernible change in the output. Using the probabilistic mapping method and Hidden Markov Model, the sparse SP output representation was reconstructed in the input space. In the modified-IB relation, it is numerically calculated that a lower noise level and a higher sparsity level in the SP algorithm lead to a more effective reconstruction and SP with 2% sparsity produces the best results. Our second contribution is to prove mathematically that more sparsity leads to better performance of the SP algorithm. The data distribution was considered the Cauchy distribution, and the Cramer--Rao lower bound was analyzed to estimate SP's output at different sparsity levels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
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- View/download PDF
31. Roving consumers of pleasure: at the conceptual intersection of sport tourism and sex tourism.
- Author
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Van Rheenen, Derek and Roberson, Rachel
- Subjects
SPORTS tourism ,SEX trafficking ,SPECIAL events ,TOURISM ,COLONIES ,CONCEPTUAL models ,FORCED labor ,PLEASURE - Abstract
Mega sporting events, such as the FIFA World Cup, Olympic Games and Super Bowl, are often constructed as corresponding sites of bodily tourism, with a shared motivation among some tourists to purchase and consume both commercialized sport and sex. This paper begins by deconstructing the 'common sense' connection between sport tourism and sex trafficking. It recognizes, however, that both sport and sex tourism are grounded in bodily consumption and conquest. That is, both sex and sport tourism rely on the commodification and consumption of the body as currency and fantasy, defined as a libidinal economy. As such, this paper explores the colonial systems of power that enable and perpetuate the commodification of colonized bodies at the intersection of sport tourism and sex tourism. The paper situates this intersection within the colonial matrix of power and the structural hierarchies maintained through the colonial framing of power, race, gender and sexuality. In this sense, tourism is defined as roving colonialism [Sykes, H. (2017). The sexual and gender politics of sport mega-events: Roving colonialism. New York, NY: Routledge]. Using the colonial matrix of power as a theoretical framework, then, we evaluate the libidinal economies of sport tourism and sex tourism and propose a conceptual understanding of bodily labor and exploitation at this unique intersection. By using this conceptual framework, this paper calls for further empirical study that explicitly evaluates the impact of corresponding systems of sport tourism and sex tourism simultaneously at play within national and international sporting events. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
32. Biomass‐based lateral root morphological parameter models for rapeseed (Brassica napus L.).
- Author
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Zhang, Wei‐xin, Wu, Qian, Sun, Chuan‐liang, Ge, Dao‐kuo, Cao, Jing, Liang, Wan‐jie, Yin, Ying‐jun, Li, Hong, Cao, Hong‐xin, Zhang, Wen‐yu, Li, Bai‐ming, and Xin, Yu‐kai
- Subjects
RAPESEED ,ROOT growth ,ABSOLUTE value ,BIOMASS ,CULTIVARS ,SURFACE area - Abstract
Lateral roots, including adventitious roots, are the main component of rapeseed roots with support, absorb, and synthesis functions and their morphological parameters directly affecting the plant's aboveground growth and yield. Root biomass, as a material base for lateral root growth, can be used as a link between plant phenotypes and their physiological processes, as well as to enhance root 3D growth model mechanisms and accuracy. To quantify the relationships between lateral root morphological indices and the corresponding organ biomass for rapeseed, we used two cultivars, NY 22 (conventional) and NZ 1818 (hybrid), and conducted cultivar and fertilizing cylindrical tube experiments during the 2016–2019, with two fertilizer levels, no fertilizer, and 180 kg N ha−1 fertilizer. The lateral root biomass and morphological parameters were determined during the whole growth period. The biomass‐based lateral root morphological parameter models were developed by analyzing the quantitative relationship between the lateral root morphological indices and their corresponding biomass, and the descriptive models were verified with independent experimental data. The results showed that the correlation (r) of simulated and observed values for the lateral root morphological parameters are all greater than 0.9 with significant levels at p < 0.001. The absolute values of the average absolute difference (da) of simulated and observed values for the lateral root length (LLR), lateral root average diameter (ADLR), lateral root surface area (SALR), and lateral root volume (VLR) are −30.408 cm, −0.003 mm, 12.902 cm2, and 0.039 cm3, respectively. The RMSE values are 175.183 cm, 0.010 mm, 59.710 cm2, and 1.513 cm3, respectively. The ratio of da to the average observed values (dap) for the LLR and VLR are all less than 5%, and the ADLR and SALR are all <6%. The models developed in this paper have good performance and reliability for predicting lateral root morphological parameters of rapeseed. The study provides a mechanistic method for linking the rapeseed growth model with the morphological model using corresponding organic biomass and laying a good foundation for establishing a 3D morphological model for rapeseed root system based on biomass. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
33. The Carceral Geographies of Platform Delivery Work: Essential Workers and Bike Registrations in New York City.
- Author
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Ramachandran, Vignesh
- Subjects
- *
ELECTRONIC commerce , *CYCLING , *EARLY death , *FOREIGN workers , *DIFFERENCE (Philosophy) - Abstract
The critical platform studies literature is increasingly considering the role of social difference as a structuring logic in the platform economy, complementing understandings of worker precarity facilitated by worker misclassification and algorithmic management. Contributing to this literature, this paper demonstrates how platforms and police produce carceral geographies that manage and exploit immigrant delivery workers as surplus populations. The carceral geographies of the platform economy account for both how carceral space produces and manages the surplus populations from which platform capital draws its workers, facilitating the disposability and exploitation of workers. Focusing on South Asian delivery workers in New York City, the paper uses the example of bike registrations to show how police and platforms expand carceral spaces in immigrant communities, increasing their vulnerability to premature death and violence. Finally, it suggests how delivery worker organising offers instances of situated resistance that challenge platform capital and carceral logics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
34. Collective Memory, Visual Communication, and Symbolic Interactions with Statues: The Case of the Charging Bull of Wall Street.
- Author
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Mubasher, Annosha and Liao, Tim F.
- Subjects
SYMBOLIC interactionism ,PUBLIC spaces ,TOURIST attractions ,VISUAL communication ,PHOTOGRAPHY ,COLLECTIVE memory - Abstract
This research is concerned with individuals' symbolic interactions with the Charging Bull statue. We chose this statue because it is an extremely popular tourist attraction and the most visited nonhuman statue in New York City. However, there is no research devoted to understanding how visitors interact with the statue. To fill this gap in the literature, we examine people's interactions as a unique way of communicating with the Charging Bull statue in New York City through a photo analysis approach. Using the general framework of symbolic interactionism, the paper investigates poses, gestures, and more generally interactions of individuals near or with the statue to gain insights into the impact of the Charging Bull beyond a mere visual representation. The findings reveal various forms of interaction, including souvenir photography, active participation, unexpected interactions, and public-made symbolism. This study of these interactions contributes to the literature on collective memory and the study of statues. Additionally, this research highlights the inventiveness of the dynamic relationship between individuals and statues as symbols in the urban environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
35. A hybrid machine learning-mathematical programming optimization approach for municipal solid waste management during the pandemic.
- Author
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Ochoa-Barragán, Rogelio, Munguía-López, Aurora del Carmen, and Ponce-Ortega, José María
- Subjects
SOLID waste management ,MACHINE learning ,MATHEMATICAL programming ,COVID-19 pandemic ,WASTE management ,PANDEMICS ,MATHEMATICAL optimization - Abstract
This paper provides a mathematical optimization strategy for optimal municipal solid waste management in the context of the COVID-19 epidemic. This strategy integrates two approaches: optimization and machine learning models. First, the optimization model determines the optimal supply chain for the municipal waste management system. Then, machine learning prediction models estimate the required parameters over time, which helps generate future projections for the proposed strategy. The optimization model was coded in the General Algebraic Modeling System, while the prediction model was coded in the Python programming environment. A case study of New York City was addressed to evaluate the proposed strategy, which includes extensive socioeconomic data sets to train the machine learning model. We found the predicted waste collection over time based on the socioeconomic data. The results show trade-offs between the economic (profit) and environmental (waste sent to landfill) objectives for future scenarios, which can be helpful for possible pandemic scenarios in the following years. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
36. Autonomous Drones in Urban Navigation: Autoencoder Learning Fusion for Aerodynamics.
- Author
-
Wu, Jiahao, Ye, Yang, and Du, Jing
- Subjects
COMPUTATIONAL fluid dynamics ,REINFORCEMENT learning ,AERODYNAMICS ,BUILDING layout ,AERODYNAMIC load ,AERODYNAMICS of buildings - Abstract
Drones are becoming indispensable in emergency search and rescue (SAR), particularly in intricate urban areas where rapid and accurate response is crucial. This study addresses the pressing need for enhancing drone navigation in such complex, dynamic urban environments, where obstacles like building layouts and varying wind conditions create unique challenges. Particularly, the need for adapting drone autonomous navigation in correspondence with dynamic wind conditions in urban settings is emphasized because it is important for drones to avoid loss of control or crashes during SAR. This paper introduces a pioneering method integrating multiobjective reinforcement learning (MORL) with a convolutional autoencoder to train autonomous drones in comprehending and reacting to aerodynamic features in urban SAR. MORL enables the drone to optimize multiple goals, whereas the convolutional autoencoder generates synthetic wind simulations with a substantially lower computation cost compared to traditional computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations. A unique data transfer structure is also proposed, which fosters a seamless integration of perception and decision-making between machine learning (ML) and reinforcement learning (RL) components. This approach uses imagery data, specific to building layouts, allowing the drone to autonomously formulate policies, prioritize navigation decisions, optimize paths, and mitigate the impact of wind, all while negating the necessity for conventional aerodynamic force sensors. The method was validated with a model of New York City, offering substantial implications for enhancing automation algorithms in urban SAR. This innovation enables the possibility of more efficient, precise, and timely drone SAR operations within intricate urban landscapes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
37. Mapmaking as visual storytelling: the movement and emotion of managing sex work in the urban landscape.
- Author
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Jordenö, Sara and Horning, Amber
- Subjects
CARTOGRAPHY ,RISK-taking behavior ,SEX work ,UNSAFE sex ,GEOGRAPHICAL perception ,SHAME ,ARTISTS - Abstract
This paper explores an interdisciplinary approach that researchers can use to understand how people feel about their movement in the cityscape and their risk-taking activities by visualizing it. Author 1, a visual artist, and Author 2, a criminologist, used a psychogeography method where participants hand-drew maps of their everyday operations in the sex marketplace. Researchers, artists, and activists have used mapmaking to elucidate how individuals conceptualize physical space and place or their subjective, emotional relationship to the city's geography. Psychogeographers Lynch and Debord have used it to understand how participants feel about moving, inhabiting, navigating risk, and subverting space in the metropolis. We use this method as a vehicle to show how sex market facilitators' imagine the physical geographic space where they work in the nighttime economy, their embodiment in managing a business in the urban landscape, their emotions in this risk-taking activity, and how they feel rerouting city blocks and subverting formal capitalism. In addition, this technique enabled participants to feel and recall emotions of this lived experience, such as excitement, control, authenticity, shame, and freedom. Sixty participants who worked in New York City hand drew mental maps or visual depictions of where they worked within the city. This visual storytelling method provides an avenue for what O'Neill terms an ethno-mimetic process where images/performances make lived experiences palpable to viewers. In this case, we see a glimpse of the sensations of this high-risk activity in the sex marketplace, allowing us to understand participants' social relations, lived experiences, and motivations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
38. Sound in sight: audio and sound-focused art exhibitions in New York between 1978 and 1984.
- Author
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Kelly, Caleb
- Subjects
- *
ART exhibitions , *ART history , *SOUND art , *ART materials , *CONCEPTUAL art - Abstract
Throughout the 1970s, a drive towards the diversification of mediums available to artists led to artists working across numerous mediums not usually associated with visual art. While some came to work with sound as a central focus in their practice, most used sound as a medium to be employed in particular artworks for conceptual purposes. The paper is focused on five audio and sound exhibitions presented in New York City between 1978 and 1984. These large group exhibitions were held in alternative art spaces and not-for-profit art galleries and have received little critical attention beyond reviews published in local newspapers and art magazines. As such, these exhibitions have all but disappeared from the history of sound in art and from art history in general. I will argue that this cluster of group shows signal to an emergent practice that was moving past the post-medium condition and conceptual art towards the postmodernism of the 1980s. These exhibitions point to an understanding of sound as a medium of visual art that is at odds with contemporary scholarship in the sonic arts, which favours a music-based understanding of approaches to sound within the art gallery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
39. The effect of irrigation amounts on growth, yield and water use efficiency of different varieties of tigernut.
- Author
-
YIN Zi, WANG Xingpeng, ZHANG Lei, ZHAO Fengnian, LI Mingfa, and WANG Hongbo
- Subjects
WATER efficiency ,WATER consumption ,WATER storage ,IRRIGATION ,PRINCIPAL components analysis ,PLANT-water relationships - Abstract
[Objective] Tiger nut is a cash crop in southern Xinjiang and its production relies on irrigation. This paper presents the results of an experimental study on the effect of irrigation amounts on physiological traits, yield, and water use efficiency of different varieties of tiger nuts. [Method] The experiment studied two varieties: the Henan Round Grain (HY) and the Inner Mongolia Round Grain (NY), each irrigated by 18 mm (W1), 27 mm (W2), 36 mm (W3), and 45 mm (W4) of water, respectively. In each treatment, we measured the changes in soil water storage, plant height, tiller numbers, photosynthetic traits, yield, water consumption, and water use efficiency of the plants at different growing stages. [Result] Soil water storage and water consumption of both varieties increased with irrigation amount. Compared to W1, W4 increased average soil water storage and water consumption of the plants by 24.84% and 60.57% for the HY, and 18.46% and 55.61% for the NY, respectively. The plant height, tiller numbers, net photosynthesis (Pn), stomatal conductance (Gs), transpiration rate (Tr) and the yield of HY increased with irrigation amount (P<0.05), peaking in W2 with increases of 24.60%, 15.11%, 28.14%, 34.86%, 40.49% and 13.92% compared to W1. Intercellular carbon content (Ci) decreased with increasing irrigation amount. With the increase in irrigation amount, the plant height, tiller numbers, Pn, Gs, Tr, and the yield of NY all increased first followed by a decline; their associated values in W2 were 26.07%, 20.26%, 19.69%, 38.38%, 44.92% and 20.83% higher than those in W1. On average, Ci decreased with irrigation amount, being lowest in W2. Water use efficiency and irrigation water use efficiency of both varieties decreased with irrigation amount. Principal component analysis showed the net photosynthetic rate and water use efficiency can be used as indicators for variety selection. [Conclusion] The optimal irrigation amounts for the varieties HY and NY are 45 mm and 27 mm respectively, which can promote healthy growth, improve yields, and enhance water use efficiency of the plants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
40. The New York City Real Estate Industry and Voter Suppression.
- Author
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WALLACE, DEBORAH and WALLACE, RODRICK
- Subjects
VOTER suppression ,REAL estate business ,URBAN renewal ,MAYORAL elections ,POLITICAL community - Abstract
The built environment anchors social, economic, and political community. A limited neighbourhood milieu fosters and maintains relationships that enable a community to realize its values. Fundamental civic activities such as getting out the vote depend on this empowerment. Voting has declined across New York City, but especially in the Bronx, which experienced the largest decline in voting between the 1969 and 2021 mayoral elections. The South and Central Bronx is now the largest city area of extremely low voter participation. This paper explores how public policies generated by the real estate industry – specifically redlining, urban renewal, and planned shrinkage – in conjunction with the Permanent Registration article in the 1938 New York State Constitution suppressed voting. The distribution of premature mortality and other health problems in the Bronx appear to be another consequence of these policies. That is, disempowerment and health erosion appear related and stem from influence of the real estate industry on mayoral policy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
41. 'Informal' Financial Practices in the South Bronx: Family, Compadres, and Acquaintances.
- Author
-
Castro-Cosío, Antonieta
- Subjects
STRATEGIC planning ,FAMILY relations ,SOCIAL mobility ,MONEY market funds ,SOCIAL planning - Abstract
This paper explores the role of 'informal' financial practices in shaping the resilience of immigrant urban communities, many of which are centered around families—nuclear, extended, and chosen. It looks at financial transactions and services, with particular attention to Rotating Credit and Savings Associations (ROSCAs), whose members are frequently related to each other through ties of kinship, especially in Hispanic circles. In a pioneering study documenting ROSCAs, they were defined as associations where members agree to make regular contributions of money to a fund that is given to each contributor in rotation. Because of their presence in various cultures and geographies, researchers from various disciplines have studied them, mostly in developing countries and immigrant communities within the United States. It is argued that such mechanisms substitute or complement formal financial services that do not fulfill their needs and play a key role in the infrastructures of immigrant communities to be resilient in the face of adverse circumstances. Findings from the present study's fieldwork, conducted in one neighborhood in New York City's South Bronx, show that these kinds of groups address the members' short-term safety and resilience needs. However, given their low returns and unclear procedures to address wrongdoings, they entail higher risks for long term planning and social mobility. Nevertheless, given their persistent and organic nature across cultures and borders, they provide important insights to address those gaps and shed light on the contributions of family dynamics to the public domain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
42. Rent control according to Seinfeld.
- Author
-
Sanders, Shane, Luccasen, Andrew, and Alakshendra, Abhinav
- Subjects
RENT control ,STREAMING video & television ,COST control ,TELEVISION programs ,BRIBERY - Abstract
More than 30 years after its premiere, Seinfeld continues its run as a seminally popular television show. On October 1, 2021, five‐year streaming rights to the show were purchased by Netflix for $500 million. Set in New York City, where rent control laws have a long history, several episodes of the show consider the trials of apartment living, including shortages, tastes for discrimination by sellers, bribery, search costs, and quality degradation. Seinfeld also illustrates the informal process through which rent‐controlled apartments are advertised (e.g., less advertising under rent control shortage). This paper argues that popular media can be used as an effective pedagogical tool in learning. This paper analyzes four episodes of Seinfeld to help students identify and differentiate the very real costs of rent control. The paper also guides students to appreciate the difficulty in crafting a policy that is free of unintended consequences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
43. Internet Addiction: A Critical Psychology of Users: Emaline Friedman Routledge, New York, NY, 2021, 130pp., $46.95, paper, ISBN: 9780367172954.
- Author
-
Haaken, Janice
- Subjects
INTERNET addiction ,COMPUTER networks ,WORLD Wide Web ,PSYCHOLOGY ,PSYCHOANALYSTS ,ADDICTIONS - Abstract
Yet the literature on Internet addiction fails to establish the agent of this presumptive malady, Friedman points out, as well as what it is that users are actually doing or desiring that constitutes an addiction. In her new book, I Internet Addiction: A Critical Psychology of Users i (Routledge, 2021), Emaline Friedman takes on an enormous and weighty task. [Extracted from the article]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
44. A Nerve-Racking Journey.
- Author
-
Belcher-Hamilton, Lisa and Arnesen, Eric
- Subjects
BLACK men ,ENSLAVED persons ,UNDERGROUND Railroad (U.S. history) ,RAILROAD travel ,STEAMBOATS ,ABOLITIONISTS - Abstract
This article from Cobblestone magazine recounts the nerve-racking journey of Frederick Bailey, an enslaved person, as he attempted to escape to freedom in 1838. Frederick borrowed papers from a Black friend who was a sailor to pass as a free Black man. He traveled by train and steamboat, eventually reaching New York City, where he found help from the Underground Railroad. Frederick and his fiancée, Anna Murray, married and settled in New Bedford, Massachusetts, with the help of Nathan and Polly Johnson. They changed their last name to Douglass and became active in the abolitionist movement. The article also discusses the Fugitive Slave Laws and the challenges faced by escaped enslaved people in the United States. [Extracted from the article]
- Published
- 2024
45. Scholastic Corporation SWOT Analysis.
- Subjects
PUBLISHING ,SWOT analysis - Abstract
A SWOT analysis of Scholastic Corporation is presented.
- Published
- 2022
46. Grey hybrid normalization with period based entropy weighting and relational analysis for cities rankings.
- Author
-
Esangbedo, Moses Olabhele and Wei, Jieyun
- Subjects
CITIES & towns ,MULTIPLE criteria decision making ,GREY relational analysis ,ELECTRIC vehicle industry ,ENTROPY ,STATISTICAL weighting ,ELECTRIC charge - Abstract
Researchers have addressed uncertainty in multicriteria decision making from the perspective of the performance values of the alternatives, weighting of the evaluation criteria, and the evaluation methods. Still, they are yet to address the uncertainty caused by the normalization approach. In this paper, we show that different normalization methods, namely sum normalization, min–max normalization, vector normalization, and maximization normalization, can result in different rankings of the alternatives while the performance values and weights are unchanged. We applied the grey system theory to address the problem of uncertainty in this study from three aspects: alternative performance values measurement, criteria weighting, and decision matrix/table normalization within a period. The grey hybrid normalization method is proposed as the main contribution in this paper. Then, we present the rankings of 48 cities under uncertainty to decide the location of a branch office of a Chinese electric vehicle manufacturer as a practical example based on the grey entropy weighting method and grey relational analysis with positive and negative references (GRA-PNR) within the period from the year 2019 to 2021. The research results using this approach ranked New York City the best, with a stock market capitalization of economy validity as the top contributor in terms of weighting. Finally, we used simple additive weighting with grey value and the technique for order of preference by similarity to ideal solution with grey value methods to validate the study results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
47. When does 0–1 Principle Hold for Prefix Sums?
- Author
-
Morihata, Akimasa
- Subjects
SUFFIXES & prefixes (Grammar) ,PROGRAMMING languages ,BINARY sequences - Abstract
Knuth's 0–1 principle argues that the correctness of any swap-based sorting network can be verified by testing arbitrary sequences over Boolean values (i.e., 0 and 1). Voigtländer (Proceedings of the 35th ACM SIGPLAN-SIGACT symposium on principles of programming languages, POPL 2008, San Francisco, California, USA, January 7–12, 2008. ACM, New York, NY, pp 29–35, 2008. https://doi.org/10.1145/1328438.1328445) proved a similar result for prefix-sum networks that consist of associative binary operators: the correctness can be verified by testing arbitrary sequences and associative binary operators over three values, namely 0, 1, and 2. He raised the question of whether testing over Boolean values is sufficient if the binary operator is idempotent in addition to associative. This paper answers his question. First, there is an incorrect prefix-sum network for associative idempotent operators, the flaw of which cannot be detected by testing over Boolean values. Second, testing over Boolean values is sufficient if the binary operators are restricted to commutative in addition to associative and idempotent. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
48. Assessing targeted invitation and response modes to improve survey participation in a diverse New York City panel: Healthy NYC.
- Author
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Dasgupta, Shabitri, Perlman, Sharon E., Levanon Seligson, Amber, Dumas, Sarah E., Seil, Kacie, and Bholanath, Tashema
- Subjects
POISSON regression ,TEXT messages ,INTERNET access ,PARTICIPATION ,LOGISTIC regression analysis ,REGRESSION analysis - Abstract
Background: Healthy NYC is an innovative survey panel created by the New York City (NYC) Department of Health and Mental Hygiene (DOHMH) that offers a cost-effective mechanism for collecting priority and timely health information. Between November 2020 and June 2021, invitations for six different surveys were sent to Healthy NYC panelists by postal mail, email, and text messages. Panelists had the option to complete surveys online or via paper survey. Methods: We analyzed whether panelists varied by sociodemographic characteristics based on the contact mode they provided and the type of invitation that led to their response using logistic regression models. Poisson regression models were used to determine whether the number of invitations received before participating in a survey was associated with sociodemographic characteristics. Results: Younger age and higher education were positively associated with providing an email or text contact. Furthermore, age, race, and income were significant predictors for invitation modes that led to a survey response. Black panelists had 72% greater odds (OR 1.72 95% CI: 1.11–2.68) of responding to a mail invite and 33% lesser odds (OR 0.67, 95% CI: 0.54–0.83) of responding to an email invite compared with White panelists. Additionally, in five of the six surveys, more than half of the respondents completed surveys after two invites. Email invitations garnered the highest participation rates. Conclusions: We recommend using targeted invitation modes as an additional strategy to improve participation in panels. For lower-income panelists who do not provide an email address, it may be reasonable to offer additional response options that do not require internet access. Our study's findings provide insight into how panels can tailor outreach to panelists, especially among underrepresented groups, in the most economical and efficient ways. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
49. Interactive Documentary: Theory and Debate: Kate Nash, 2021, New York, NY, Routledge, pp. xi + 178, illus., bibliography, index, $160.00 (cloth), $44.95 (paper).
- Author
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Çarka, Eneos
- Subjects
BIBLIOGRAPHY ,POLITICAL participation ,APPROPRIATE technology ,DIGITAL media ,VIRTUAL reality ,PARTICIPATION - Abstract
Interactivity as performance allows Nash to draw attention to affect and emotion, considering the different forms that interactive documentary engages with embodied performances such as augmented and virtual reality documentary and gaming. Nash acknowledges the fragility of the interactive documentary because of its experimental approach adopting software platforms that are still in development limiting the audience reach, but she remains hopeful throughout the book that the future for the interactive documentary lies ahead, and we have perhaps only scratched the surface. This book shows how interactive documentary appropriates digital technologies in order to find new methods of engaging with realities that often confront contemporary social concerns and the intricacies of truth. [Extracted from the article]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
50. More Choices, More Problems? Ranked Choice Voting Errors in New York City.
- Author
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Cormack, Lindsey
- Subjects
BALLOTS ,NEW York City mayors ,VOTING ,MAYORAL elections ,INCOME ,ELECTIONS - Abstract
Examining the impacts of ranked choice voting (RCV) on voter efficacy is important as more areas consider adoption. The greater number of choices provided by longer RCV ballots may introduce opportunities for voters to misunderstand the ballot, make errant marks, or accidentally mark two or more candidates for one ranking, resulting in voidable ballots due to "overvoting." Using ballot data from the 2013 general election, the 2017, and 2021 New York City democratic mayoral primaries, this paper asks whether voidable overvote ballots are more concentrated in constituencies with lower levels of educational attainment, average household incomes, and differing racial make-ups, and if this relationship is more pronounced under RCV than traditional elections. In the first RCV election in 2021, voters in locations with lower levels of educational attainment and median household incomes had higher shares of overvote voidable ballots than those in locations with higher educational attainment and incomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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