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Eva Obodo's recent art exhibition at the kó gallery in Lagos showcased his works in textile art, which explore various aspects of social life in Nigeria. Obodo, a contemporary Nigerian artist and sculptor, incorporates techniques such as tying, stretching, and twisting materials to create extraordinary pieces. His works address social and political issues in postcolonial Africa, using materials like jute, fabric, and charcoal. The exhibition reflects the artist's sensitivity to the socio-political climate in Nigeria, particularly during the COVID-19 pandemic. Obodo's works challenge viewers to reflect on leadership challenges and the need for credibility, competence, and courage in society. [Extracted from the article]

Yarn engineering is a long-standing problem for the cotton spinning industry as the functional relationship between fiber and yarn properties is quite complex. The objective of this research is to develop a hybrid machine learning-based prescriptive yarn engineering system that can foretell the properties of cotton fiber for achieving desired yarn properties. Artificial neural network (ANN) and genetic algorithm (GA) were used to develop the predictive model for cotton yarn properties and optimization of cotton fiber properties, respectively. Two separate ANN models were developed for predicting yarn tenacity and yarn unevenness. The functional relationships approximated by the ANN models were used to formulate the fitness function for GA. The validation of the ANN-GA system demonstrated good accuracy as cotton fiber strength, length and length uniformity were predicted with very good accuracy (mean error < 5%). The developed machine learning system can supplant the intuition-based decision making in textile spinning industry and pave the way for yarn engineering. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Keywords: Spinning waste; cotton fibers; web; nonwoven; tear strength; burst strength; ; ; ; ; ; EN Spinning waste cotton fibers web nonwoven tear strength burst strength ZH 9064 9073 10 11/21/22 20221220 NES 221220 Introduction The raw material is considered as one of the most important factors affecting product costs in the textile industry based on its type, processing, and end-use. In this work, the webs of cotton fibers from spinning soft and hard wastes were formed after separating the short fibers from impurities by trash analyzer and carding fibers to form a web. Thus, textile material wastes can be classified as pre-consumer textile waste (soft and hard waste) and post-consumer textile waste. Following the procedures of staple length measurement mentioned above, the mean of fibers length from spinning waste is; I Mean fibers length (cm) = 1.34 ± 0.53 i The standard classification indicates that those fibers with length of 1 in. or less are categorized under short-staple fibers (Klein [11]). [Extracted from the article]

This paper reported the process of extraction and characterization of the properties of natural fiber from the leaves of the Furcraea foetida plant. The water retting method was used to extract the fiber. The fiber properties obtained were used to analyze the ability of fiber to be spun into yarn for textile application. A bundle of Furcraea foetida fibers consist of many individual fibers. The longitudinal view of the fiber cells show up as long cylindrical tubes and the cross-section of fibers were an irregular, polygonal shape. The tensile strength of the Furcraea foetida fibers was 3 g/denier. The elongation at break of the Furcraea foetida fibers was 8.61%. The fineness of the Furcraea foetida fibers was 8.3 tex. The average fiber length was 70.8 cm. The Furcraea foetida fibers were hygroscopic fibers with 8.48% moisture regain. The coefficient of friction of the Furcraea Foetida fibers was 0.053. The properties of the fiber showed that the Furcraea foetida fiber has potential to be spun into yarn. Natural fibers from the leaves of the Furcraea foetida plant could be used as an alternative material for textile application. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Disposal of large volumes of textile waste is an escalating problem for textile industries. Sisal spinning industry is the one of the textile industries releasing large volumes of textile waste in the landfills. The rising costs, and reduction of available space together with increasing stringent environmental measures are making burying and land filling of textile waste, a declining option. This study therefore explores recycling options where the potential of using sisal fiber waste produced during sisal spinning processes as raw materials for the production of paper pulp was investigated. Sampling was done at 21stCentury Holdings Limited allocated at Chang'ombe industrial street Dar es Salaam mainly dealer of sisal yarns production. Materials were prepared and cut into small pieces of about ½ inches to reduce the fiber into unit lengths so as to achieve pulping required performance. Pulping process was achieved through Soda pulping techniques with two different effective alkali charges (EA-20% and EA-24%) for 240 minutes under maximum temperature 140°C, and liquor to fiber ratio 4:1by using Mathis Labomat dyeing Machine. The kappa number obtained was (25.5, 34.5) for material treated under EA 24% and EA 20% respectively, Percentage pulp yield were (47.1, 54.4) for EA 24% and EA20% pulp respectively. Freeness (630CFS, 555CSF) after refining at 4500 rpm. Finally, the resulting pulp was used for hand sheet making and the sheets were tested for their mechanical properties; Grammage (61.1, 61.1) g/m2, Tensile index (9.9, 22.3) Nm/g, Tear index (13.3, 17.4) Nm2/g, burst index (1.7, 3.7 and 1.6) kPa.m2/g and Elongation at break (2.02, 2.22) % for EA24% pulp, EA20% pulp respectively. The findings shows that sisal fiber wastes have a promising potential for paper pulp production compared to other non-wood raw material. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Automation and mass-production are two of the many limitations in the tissue engineering industry. Textile fabrication methods such as electrospinning are used extensively in this field because of the resemblance of the extracellular matrix to the fiber structure. However, electrospinning has many limitations, including the ability to mass-produce, automate, and reproduce products. For this reason, this study evaluates the potential use of a traditional textile method such as spinning. Apart from mass production, these methods are also easy, efficient, and cost-effective. This study uses bovine-derived collagen fibers to create yarns using the traditional ring spinning method. The collagen yarns are proven to be biocompatible. Enzymatic biodegradability was also confirmed for its potential use in vivo. The results of this study prove the safety and efficacy of the material and the fabrication method. The material encourages higher cell proliferation and migration compared to tissue culture-treated plastic plates. The process is not only simple but is also streamlined and replicable, resulting in standardized products that can be reproduced. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses the significance of African textiles as interconnected elements that embody various aspects of creation, including cultivation, spinning, dyeing, and weaving. It highlights the role of textiles in connecting people and places, with a focus on their materiality, design, cultural meaning, and documentation of changing trend. It also mentions different types of textiles, weaving techniques, and their cultural significance.

Modeling of the elastic properties of twisted polyester textile threads was studied. A decrease of the degree of twisting of the textile threads in the allowed limits shortened the time of the technological process and improved the economics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, a three‐dimensional (3D) electrospinning machine is designed and implemented as a new type of delta 3D printer that incorporates the fabrication of textiles directly into the 3D printing process. The newly designed 3D machine enables custom‐shaped electrospun nanofibre sheets to be fabricated in a single process. The implemented prototype allows controllable nozzle movements in 3D space. Four design patterns are successfully fabricated using a polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) solution at an 18% weight concentration. The microscopic properties of the electrospun patterns are verified via scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to investigate the fibre morphology. The SEM image at 14.5 kV shows that the PVDF electrospun nanofibres appear smooth and uniform with varying diameters in the range of 700–400 nm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Knotless net panels are widely-adopted for traditional fish cages and offshore fish farms. A new screen force model based on numerical simulations of a portion of knotless net panels is proposed in this paper. At first, the hydrodynamic loads on knotless smooth and textile twisted net panels are studied using Improved Delayed Detached Eddy Simulations while varying the incoming velocity as well as the diameter and length of the net twines. The accuracy of the simulations is validated through a computational grid and domain independence study for the mean hydrodynamic loads on full-size net panels. The comparison of the hydrodynamic loads on a circular cylinder, cruciform and net panel reveals the unique hydrodynamics around net panels which emphasises the importance of studying complete panels. Then, a Kriging metamodel is established from the simulation-based data to generate response surfaces for the hydrodynamic load coefficients for a large range of flow and geometrical properties. Hence, this combination of high-fidelity CFD and Kriging metamodelling provides a more flexible approach than the common theoretical or experimental variations of screen force models. The metamodel predicts well the non-linear relation between drag coefficient, twine diameter and length of the twines. A second-order regression fitting is applied to generate a closed polynomial which is compared to existing approaches and physical measurements for validation. The proposed approach outperforms previous screen force models for the prediction of the drag and lift coefficients for a wide range of nets and inflow velocities due to the inclusion of different roughnesses and more geometrical properties of the net in the derivation. Finally, the proposed formula for the drag force coefficients is applied to a two-way coupled CFD method which is based on screen force models to determine the hydrodynamic loads. It can be shown that the new approach is superior to previously used screen force models for the simulation of the drag forces on and the velocity reduction behind net panels. • An improved screen force model based on CFD and Kriging methods firstly. • Different net materials are included in new formula firstly. • Extensive validations with experiments and existed screen models. • Application to two-way fluid–structure coupling for hydrodynamics coefficients and velocity reduction of nets. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]