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Purpose. Archery, a sport based on individual performance, requires postural stability, concentration and the ability to cope with stress. The effect of stress on success, however, is not clear in the adolescent age group. The present study investigates the association between stress and trait anxiety levels and postural control and shooting performance in young adolescent archers. Methods. Included in the study were a total of 22 licensed archers (6 female; 16 male) aged between 11 and 14 who were evaluated using the 'Anxiety Sensitivity Index-3' and 'Trier Social Stress Test' (child version, arithmetic component) to measure their trait anxiety status and susceptibility to stress, respectively. Stress was measured based on the number of heartbeats per minute. An evaluation of static postural control was made using a pedobarography device before arrow release, with and without subjecting the archer to stress. To assess performance, 10 arrows were shot at a target 18 metres away, twice - before and after subjecting the participant to stress.. Results. Postural control showed no significant change under stress. However, the participants' trait anxiety status inversely correlated with shooting success. Post-stress shooting scores correlated with total ASI-3 score (r = -0.513; p = 0.021) and its social sub-group (r = -0.634; p = 0.003). Conclusions. A moderately inverse correlation can be noted between the trait anxiety state and shooting success in young adolescent archers subjected to stress. Furthermore, stress was observed to have a detrimental effect on the shooting success of people with a high level of trait anxiety. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Warm-up is important for increasing athlete performance, preventing injuries and rehabilitation. Different methods are used for warm-up. In professional soccer, warming up has an important place in preventing injuries while increasing performance. The effect of warm-up on performance, endurance and injuries is still controversial. Today, conventional warm-up (CWU), FIFA11+ and self myofascial release (SMR) methods are frequently used for warm-up and rehabilitation. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of CWU, FIFA11+ and FIFA11+ plus SMR (F+SMR) methods on endurance in soccer players. The study included 16 licensed amateur male soccer players (Age: 17.00±00 years, Height: 174.12±5.89 cm, weight: 60.87±8.09 kg, Body Mass Index: 20.01±1.90) who regularly trained five times a week and played one official competition. CWU, FIFA 11+ and F+SMR sessions were performed on different days, respectively. Care was taken to ensure that the soccer players were not tired during the practice. After each warm-up session, the 30-15 intermittent fitness test was performed and its effects on endurance were evaluated. When running times, peak velocities and maximal aerobic speeds were compared; it was found that running times after CWU were 12.3% higher than FIFA 11+ warm-up, while peak running speeds after FIFA 11+ warm-up were 6.3% lower than CWU warm-up. In terms of maximal aerobic speed, 7.1% higher values were found in CWU warm-up group compared to FIFA 11+ and 3.5% higher values compared to F+SMR. In conclusion, in terms of endurance performance of the athletes, CWU and F+SMR warm-up showed higher running speeds compared to FIFA 11+ warm-up session. The results of the study show that CWU gives better results in terms of endurance and FIFA11+ warm-up method may be insufficient in this respect. It can be speculated that it is important for coaches to apply different warm-up methods for different purposes in the performance of soccer players. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]