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近年来电池储能以其响应速度快、能量密度高等优点，在电力系统中发挥重要作用。为满足实际应用的要求，电池储能系统需要将电池或电池组并联从而达到较高的可用容量，但并联电池在实际中受内阻、容量、荷电状态 （SOC）等影响将出现电流不平衡现象，一定程度上制约了电池充放电电流和使用条件，影响了电池性能。针对并联电池组支路电流采集过程繁琐且状态估计复杂的情况，以电池的二阶等效电路为基础，结合回路电流法建立了并联电池组的仿真模型。模型能够根据锂电池的性能参数及状态方程实现并联支路电流的计算，进而估计并联电池组的状态，省去了对并联支路电流的检测环节。同时重点研究了并联电池组的支路不均衡电流现象，以磷酸铁锂电池为例，分析了并联电池组的充电特性。针对并联电池组的支路不均衡电流影响因素较为复杂、难以解耦的特性，采用控制变量法，通过模型详细分析了内阻、容量、初始SOC等因素对支路电流点的影响，为并联电池组的设计、成组优化及性能分析提供了参考。

Copyright of China Brewing is the property of China Brewing Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The research block is characterized by extensive development of low-resistance oil formations, with little difference in resistivity between the oil and water formations, making logging fluid identification more difficult. In order to effectively identify the oil layer of low resistivity, synthetic minority oversampling technique(Smote) was adopted to oversample a few types of samples such as oil-water homogeneous layer, oil layer, etc. to equalize the dataset, and the gated recurrent unit (GRU) network model was utilized for fluid identification in low resistance reservoirs. Eight logging curve data such as natural gamma-ray (GR), deep resistivity(RD),density(DEN) were identified as input training models through correlation analysis and applied to the medium actual data, and GRU was compared with traditional recurrent neural network(RNN) and other three machine learning algorithms. The results show that the sequential data model is better than the traditional machine learning model for fluid recognition, and interpretation agreement rate of the Smote-GRU-based fluid recognition model reaches 89. 5%,compared to 81. 1% of traditional RNN, which achieves better application results. It is also confirmed through controlled experiments that the Smote algorithm improves the recognition rate of the classifier for minority class samples. The proposed method can provide a reference for fluid identification in oil layers of low resistivity with sample imbalance [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Steel Pipe is the property of Steel Pipe Magazine and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Telecommunication Engineering is the property of Telecommunication Engineering and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective To evaluate the effect of Chinese botulinum toxin type A on gastrocnemius hypertrophy by B-mode ultrasound combined with calf circumference measurement. Methods From August 2020 to October 2021, twenty-one female who were diagnosed as gastrocnemius hypertrophy were enrolled in this study. All the patients were treated with botulinum toxin type A at Plastic Surgery Hospital of Peking Union Medical College, CAMS. Twenty-one female were enrolled in this study. Each side of gastrocnemius muscle was injected with 100 U each case. Calf circumference of the thickest part of both legs was measured before and at 4, 12, and 24 weeks after injection and the thickness of the medial and lateral head of bilateral gastrocnemius muscles at contracted status was measured preoperatively, 12 weeks and 24 weeks postoperatively using B-ultrasound. Results The 21 patients were followed up for 6 months. The thickness of gastrocnemius muscles is (14.06±2.41) mm (the medial head) and (12.46±1.43) mm (the lateral head) at 12 weeks and the mean reduction of gastrocnemius muscles thickness were (19.44±11.46)% in the medial head and (25.71±8.57)% in the lateral head. At 24 weeks, the thickness of the muscle has a slight growth compared to 12 weeks, which is (16.46±1.78) mm (the medial head) and (15.86±1.14) mm (the lateral head). The reduction in calf circumference was (0.98±0.8)% at 4 weeks, (3.86±1.55)% at 12 weeks, and (1.63±0.94)% at 24 weeks. Conclusion Botulinum toxin type A is effective in treating hypertrophy of the gastrocnemius muscle. B-ultrasound combined with calf circumference measurement could effectively reflect the reduction of muscle thickness after domestic botulinum toxin type A injection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Rice (Orysa sativa L.) is one of the most important food crops in China, playing a major role in guaranteeing food security. Thanks to the development of science and technology, especially the progress of rice breeding technology, there have been two rounds of substantial increase in China’s rice yield since the large-scale application of dwarf rice breeding and hybrid rice technology. Consumer demand for rice varieties and rice products is becoming increasingly diversified in the new era, and the current efficiency of rice breeding is still not satisfactory enough to meet future demand. As a self-pollinated crop, rice requires multiple generations of continuous self-crossing to achieve genetic homozygosis and stability in segregating generations during the breeding process. However, the long growth cycle of rice in paddy field and the difficulty of year-round planting have led to a long breeding cycle, which has become one of the crucial bottlenecks in rice breeding. Speed breeding is a new technology rising in recent years that promotes crop growth, flowering and maturation through comprehensive measures such as environmental regulation and growth manipulation to expedite the crop generation advance, which can shorten the “seed to seed” cycle and realize multi-generation breeding annually, and promises to significantly shorten the breeding cycle and improve the breeding efficiency. In this review, we focus on the rice crop and systematically describe the research status and progresses of speed breeding in rice in terms of the rise of crop speed breeding technology, the research overview of rice speed breeding, key genes in rice speed breeding, environmental factors affecting the rice flowering and maturation, and the incorporation of speed breeding and modern breeding technology. Further, we discuss and look forward to the challenges and key directions of future research in this field, aiming to promote the rapid development and application of speed breeding technology in rice, improve the efficiency of rice breeding, and provide useful references for guaranteeing food security and sustainable development of agriculture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Journal of South China Agricultural University is the property of Gai Kan Bian Wei Hui and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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To explore the differences between parallelogram incision and fusiformis incision in the harvest of hair follicular unit. Methods From October 2017 to January 2020, the hair follicles in 127 patients were harvested by parallelogram incision or fusiformis incision. The number of hair follicles in 1 cm2 scalp stripe were calculated. The differences of follicular unit acquirement rate between parallelogram incision and fusiform incision were compared by paired t-test. Results The hair follicle acquirement rate by parallelogram incision was significant higher than that by fusiformis incision. The difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion In the harvest of hair follicles by scalp stripe method, parallelogram incision could achieve more hair follicles and less damages than fusiformis incision. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]