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Abstract The analysis of curated genomic, metagenomic and proteomic data is of paramount importance in the fields of biology, medicine, education, and bioinformatics. Although this type of data is usually hosted in raw format on free international repositories, the full access requires lots of computing power and large storage disk space for the domestic user. The purpose of the study is to offer a comprehensive set of microbial genomic and proteomic reference databases in an accessible and easy-to-use form to the scientific community and demonstrate its advantages and usefulness. Also, we present a case study on the applicability of the sketched data, for the determination of overall genomic coherence between two members of the Brucellacea family, which suggests they belong to the same genomospecies that remain as discrete ecotypes. A representative set of genomes, proteomes (from type material), and metagenomes were directly collected from the NCBI Assembly database and Genome Taxonomy Database (GTDB), associated with the major groups of Bacteria, Archaea, Virus, and Fungi. Sketched databases were subsequently created and stored on handy reduced representations by using the MinHash algorithm implemented in Mash software. The obtained dataset contains more than 133 GB of space disk reduced to 883.25 MB and represents 125,110 genomics/proteomic records from eight informative contexts, which have been prefiltered to make them accessible, usable, and user-friendly with limited computational resources. Potential uses of these sketched databases are discussed, including but not limited to microbial species delimitation, estimation of genomic distances and genomic novelties, paired comparisons between proteomes, genomes, and metagenomes; phylogenetic neighbor’s exploration and selection, among others.

Introduction: Depression is a common mental disorder and a leading cause of disability worldwide. Objective: To determine the prevalence of depression and related factors in me-dical students. Methods: quantitative, cross-sectional descriptive study with association analysis, in students from second to seventh year of medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, National Autono-mous University of Honduras. The universe was 3928 students. The sampling was non-probabilistic by convenience; 282 students answered the evaluation instruments. The Beck Depression scale measured and classified the degree of depression. Results: The proportion of depression was 74% (CI 95%, 69-79). Among the participants, 31% (87) students have suicidal ideation and 6% (17) have attempted suicide. Factors that increased the risk of de-pression: being single 96.1% (OR = 4.0, CI 95%, 1.5-10.7); being economically dependent 82% (OR = 2.1, CI 95%, 1.1-3.8); female sex 68% (OR = 3.2, CI 95%, 1.8-5.6); having a family history of depression 52% (OR = 2. 0, CI 95%, 1.2-3.6); having suffered from violence 45% (OR = 3.1, CI 95%, 1.6-5.8); being affected by vio-lence 32% (OR = 4.4, CI 95%, 1.9-10.2); having been diagnosed with depression 21% (OR = 9.2, CI 95%, 2.2-39.0). Discussion: The results of this study show a high proportion of depression in this population, in comparison with similar studies that report 9.3-55.9%. This should be an alarm to expand research and generate strategies to prevent depression.

Objetivo: Demostrar la eficacia de las terapias convencionales de enfermería intercultural en el alivio del insomnio. Método: se realizó una investigación cualitativo y descriptivo donde se tomaron datos de fuentes bibliográficas, teniendo en cuenta los síntomas del insomnio en los pacientes en la Clínica de Salud Intercultural y bibliografía consultada. Se utilizaron fuentes de información confiables como Google académico entre otros. Resultados: La totalidad de los estudios afirman que los síntomas del insomnio (dolor de cabeza, fatiga e irritabilidad) son aliviados con terapias tradicionales como masaje, acupuntura, entre otras. Discusión: Las terapias tradicionales (Auriculoterapia, masoterapia, acupuntura y fitoterapia) como tratamiento para la disminución de los síntomas del insomnio, demostraron ser efectivas en el alivio del insomnio. Como limitaciones, se encontró que existen escasas evidencias bibliográficas que demuestren dicha eficacia. Conclusiones: las terapias tradicionales como tratamiento para disminuir los síntomas del insomnio, son estudios con poco nivel de evidencia, pero gracias a estudios primarios realizados desde la antigüedad y a su uso en instituciones como la Clínica de Salud Intercultural, entre otras, que constan en la bibliografía, queda demostrada su efectividad y la posibilidad de disminuir el uso de fármacos, estas servirán para investigaciones futuras y se podrá implementar como uno de los principales tratamientos en cualquier institución que ofrezca servicios de salud.

Foundation: the human papillomavirus is a double-stranded DNA virus that infects the squamous epithelium in healthy individuals to produce warts and condylomas; it constitutes a health problem that affects globally.Objective: to identify the prevalence of anorectal conditions associated with human papillomavirus.Methods: descriptive research that included all patients with anorectal conditions associated with the human papillomavirus, from November 1st, 2020 to December 31st, 2021, treated in the Coloproctology Service of the Gustavo Aldereguía Lima Hospital, in Cienfuegos. The information was obtained from the clinical record and a data collection model. The analyzed variables were: age, sex, risk factors, clinical and pathological characteristics, topographic location of the lesion, and surgical technique applied.Results: the male sex and the age group between 30 and 39 years predominated; Cienfuegos was the most affected municipality. Relationships with multiple partners and early intercourse were the most significant risk factors; the anal canal was the most frequent location and ulcerectomy was the most used technique; Complications included delayed healing and urinary retention; most progressed satisfactorily after three months.Conclusions: human papillomavirus infection is related to the appearance of anal conditions.

This article presents a systematic review using PRISMA methodology to explore trends in the use of machine and deep learning in diagnosing and detecting Alzheimer’s disease using electroencephalography. This review covers studies published between 2013 and 2023, drawing on three leading academic databases: Scopus, Web of Science, and PubMed. The validity of the databases is evaluated considering essential factors such as the arrangement of EEG electrodes, data acquisition methodologies, and the number of participants. Additionally, the specific properties of the databases used in the research are highlighted, including EEG signal classification, filtering, segmentation approaches, and selected features. Finally, the performance metrics of the classification algorithms are evaluated, especially the accuracy achieved, offering a comprehensive view of the current state and future trends in the use of these technologies for the diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease.

Cuando historiadores e investigadores desean abordar tópicos sobre Ciudad Juárez y su región fronteriza en el siglo xx, se enfrentan a una escasez y dispersión de archivos de periódicos y revistas impresos localmente en esa época, que dificultan su labor. En este artículo se muestra el resultado de una amplia exploración dirigida a comprobar la existencia y acceso a colecciones en hemerotecas públicas y acervos privados, a fin de propiciar un mayor número de estudios sobre el siglo pasado local, concluyendo que podría ser mejor historiado a través de la necesaria recuperación de la memoria hemerográfica juarense.

Se analizó la producción de nopalito, Opuntia ficus-indica (L.) MILL., usando dos variedades, Villanueva (V) y Copena-V1 (C); dos densidades, 10 plantas m2 (D10) y 20 plantas m2 (D20); dos fertilizantes orgánicos, humus de lombriz (H) y estiércol ovino (O). El diseño experimental consistió en un arreglo factorial 2*2*3 (dos variedades, dos densidades de plantación y tres tipos de fertilización) en tres bloques al azar, con cuatro tratamientos, tres réplicas cada uno, 36 unidades experimentales, considerando testigos sin fertilizante (T). El tratamiento O/V/D20 produjo la mayor cantidad de nopalitos, 508; el tratamiento H/V/D10, tuvo la menor producción, 110 nopalitos. El tratamiento con mayor producción en peso fresco fue el O/C/D10, 60.6 t ha-1. El tratamiento H/C/D20 tuvo el rendimiento más bajo con 30 t ha-1. La prueba MANOVA mostró diferencias significativas (p

Foundation: dental eruption is a biological process of a dental organ migration from the period of tooth formation until it reaches the occlusion plane.Objective: determine the relationship between weight, height and the first permanent molar eruption as events of somatic growth in six-years-old children.Methods: descriptive cross-sectional observational study carried out at the Antonio Maceo Grajales school in the Cienfuegos municipality, from September 2020 to June 2021, which included 62 schoolchildren. The data were obtained through anthropometric sheets. Variables such as age, sex, skin color, weight, height and time of first molar eruption were analyzed. The collected data were located in statistical charts designed for this purpose with Excel XP and Microsoft Word 2010 was used as a text editor. Results: when relating percentiles of weight to height, eruption of molar number six and sex, it was observed that 21 females with normal weight had erupted the first molar (33.3% of the total number of children) and 13 normal weight males, out of a total of 25 , did not present signs of molar number six in the mouth (20.6% of the total). Height behaved within normal percentiles. Conclusions: the children in the sample studied have a delay in the first permanent molar eruption, without this being related to weight and height. The delay was more observed in men.

The biological sciences community is increasingly recognizing the value of open, reproducible and transparent research practices for science and society at large. Despite this recognition, many researchers fail to share their data and code publicly. This pattern may arise from knowledge barriers about how to archive data and code, concerns about its reuse, and misaligned career incentives. Here, we define, categorize and discuss barriers to data and code sharing that are relevant to many research fields. We explore how real and perceived barriers might be overcome or reframed in the light of the benefits relative to costs. By elucidating these barriers and the contexts in which they arise, we can take steps to mitigate them and align our actions with the goals of open science, both as individual scientists and as a scientific community.

Objectives This study aimed to explore the acceptability, feasibility, usability, and preliminary effect of an electronic patient-reported outcome (ePRO) intervention for patients with breast cancer in Mexico.Design We conducted a multimethod non-randomised pilot study. We used a pre-test/post-test design for quantitative assessment of the intervention’s effect on patients’ supportive care needs and quality of life. We conducted in-depth interviews (IDIs) with participants and healthcare workers to explore the intervention’s benefits and barriers and understand its feasibility.Participants 50 women aged 20–75 diagnosed with stage I–III breast cancer were enrolled within 2 weeks of starting neoadjuvant or adjuvant treatment with chemotherapy or radiotherapy. We excluded illiterate women and those with visual impairment, cognitive disability or severe depression. IDIs were conducted with 18 participants and 10 healthcare providers.Setting Oncology services in three public hospitals of the Mexican Social Security Institute.Intervention The ePRO intervention consisted of a responsive web application for weekly symptom reporting combined with proactive follow-up by nurses guided by predefined clinical algorithms for 6 weeks.Results 50 women were enrolled out of 66 eligible patients approached (75.8%). All 50 completed the 4-week follow-up assessment (100% retention). Completion of the symptom registry declined from 100% in week 1 to 66% in week 6. Participants experienced decreases in supportive care needs and increased quality of life. The ePRO application was rated highly usable. Participants and health professionals both perceived intervention benefits. Drawbacks included poor fit for women receiving radiotherapy and challenges using the application for women with low digital literacy or experiencing severe symptoms.Conclusions This pilot study provided evidence of the high usability and potential efficacy of a web-based ePRO intervention. We revised recruitment during the pilot to include multiple facilities, and we will further revise for the randomised trial to address barriers to successful ePRO implementation.Trial registration number ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT05925257.

Green areas are important places for biodiversity conservation within cities, but their vegetation is affected by various anthropogenic factors. This study used an exploratory approach to examine the influence of urbanisation and air pollution-related factors on the indicators for the composition and structure of vegetation in an urban area in northeast Mexico. Based on the spatial analysis of the major air pollutants, four sampling categories were delimited (rural, low, moderate and high urbanisation). The differences between categories, based on vegetation structure, were determined using non-parametric Kruskal-Wallis tests. The Importance Value was calculated for the species. The floristic similarity was compared using NMDS and PERMANOVA unidirectional. The relationship between environmental variables and abundance of species was evaluated using CCA. One hundred and ten plant species were collected, including ten alien species. The highest abundance and species richness were registered in the rural site. The general tendency of vegetation structure is to plants decreasing with respect to the increase in the levels of urbanisation and air pollution present in the study area. The association between the environmental variables and plant communities along the urbanisation gradient was significant, being the relative humidity, the particles lower than 2.5 μm, the dew point and the heat index as the most important variables. The understanding of the nature and variability of vegetation within green areas contributes to increasing our knowledge about the distribution of the environmental services they provide and the composition of the faunal communities that depend on them. For this reason, this study relates the plants of a specific area of northeast Mexico with the environmental quality present in an urban area.

Recently, Yu et al. derived a factorization procedure for detecting and computing the potential self-intersection of 3D integral Bézier cubics, claiming that their proposal distinctly outperforms existing methodologies. First, we recall that in the 2D case, explicit formulas already exist for the parameter values at the self-intersection (the singularity called crunode in algebraic geometry). Such values are the solutions of a quadratic equation, and affine invariants depend only on the curve hodograph. Also, the factorization procedure for cubics is well known. Second, we note that only planar Bézier cubics can display a self-intersection, so there is no need to address the problem in the more involved 3D setting. Finally, we elucidate the connections with the previous literature and provide a geometric interpretation, in terms of the affine classification of cubics, of the algebraic conditions necessary for the existence of a self-intersection. Cubics with a self-intersection are affine versions of the celebrated Tschirnhausen cubic.

Multisystemic inflammatory syndrome (MIS-C) is an inflammatory condition temporally associated with COVID-19 in children; nevertheless, the clinical and immunologic spectrum of MIS-C is heterogeneous, and its long-term effects are unknown. During the period of August 2020 to December 2021, a total of 52 MIS-C cases were confirmed in pediatric patients from the Hospital del Niño DIF Hidalgo, diagnosed using criteria from the World Health Organization. All patients had serologic IgG confirmation of SARS-CoV2, the mean age of the patients was 7 years, and 94% of the patients did not have a previous underlying disease. In addition to the presentation of lymphopenia, neutropenia, and thrombocytopenia, elevations in D-dimer and ferritin levels were observed in all patients. There was clinical improvement with intravenous gamma globulin and corticosteroid treatment.

Aim of study: (i) To investigate the diversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) associated with the roots of seed trees stands in a conserved and natural population of mahogany (Swietenia macrophylla), based on rDNA sequences; and (ii) to evaluate the dual colonization by AMF and dark septate fungi (DSF), showing the types of fungal colonization patterns in the dry season. Area of study: Tropical rainforest of Ejido Laguna Om, Quintana Roo, Mexico. Material and methods: We evaluated the AMF and DSF colonization in secondary root segments of ten adult trees of mahogany. We analysed the diversity of AMF in one composite sample of mahogany roots (three trees) using 18S rDNA gene with Illumina MiSeq platform. Main results: Through metabarcoding 14 virtual taxa belonging mainly to the genus Glomus and Diversispora were obtained, VTX00186 being the most abundant. The percentages of colonization for the different fungal structures were hyphae 80%, vesicles 18%, coils 2%, and arbuscules 0.5%; for DSF, 60% hyphae and 12% microsclerotia. The Paris-type colonization predominated with 61% in the roots. Research highlights: The knowledge of the AMF diversity present in natural mahogany forests will allow the selection of species for inoculation management seeking to enhance seedling survival and growth of this species.

Inflammation is the immune system’s first biological response to infection, injury, or irritation. Evidence suggests that the anti-inflammatory effect is mediated by the regulation of various inflammatory cytokines, such as nitric oxide, interleukins, tumor necrosis factor alpha-α, interferon gamma-γ, as well as the non-cytokine mediator, prostaglandin E2. Currently, the mechanism of action and clinical usefulness of phytochemicals is known; their action on the activity of cytokines, free radicals, and oxidative stress. The latter are of great relevance in the development of diseases, such that the evidence collected demonstrates the beneficial effects of phytochemicals in maintaining health. Epidemiological evidence indicates that regular consumption of fruits and vegetables is related to a low risk of developing cancer and other chronic diseases.

Pipes and offsets are the sets obtained by displacing the points of their progenitor $ S $ (i.e., spine curve or base surface, respectively) a constant distance $ d $ along normal lines. We review existing results and elucidate the relationship between the smoothness of pipes/offsets and the reach $ R $ of the progenitor, a fundamental concept in Federer's celebrated paper where he introduced the family of sets with positive reach. Most CAD literature on pipes/offsets overlooks this concept despite its relevance, so we remedy this deficiency with this survey. The reach admits a geometric interpretation, as the minimal distance between $ S $ and its cut locus. For a closed $ S $, the condition $ d < R $ means a singularity-free pipe/offset, coinciding with the level set at a distance $ d $ from the progenitor. This condition also implies that pipes/offsets inherit the smoothness class $ C^k $, $ k\ge1 $, of a closed progenitor. These results hold in spaces of arbitrary dimension, for pipe hypersurfaces from spines or offsets to base hypersurfaces.

This article addresses the emergence of a niche for sustainable agricultural production in the province of García Rovira, Colombia. It examines the intervention of the Colombian planning regime, which implements agendas for sustainable territorial development. However, these agendas are not adequately aligned with provincial realities, resulting in a productive decline. From a multi-level perspective, a production niche linked to the landscape has been identified, emphasizing sustainable practices and innovation. This study aimed to explore how planning influences the emergence of such niches and identified factors that promote their transition towards sustainability. Through a mixed methodology, growing sectors were accentuated and the profiles of the producers involved were outlined. The main conclusion is that the planned intervention is inefficient as the niche of sustainable production emerges without a clear influence. Therefore, it is proposed to re-evaluate planning using alternative analysis frameworks to detect emerging productive dynamics, serving as a basis for future plans. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Systemic inflammation and immunodeficiency are important components of cirrhosis-associated immune dysfunction (CAID), the severity of which is dynamic, progressive, and associated with the greater deterioration of liver function. Two inflammation phenotypes have been described: low-grade and high-grade systemic inflammation. Both of these phenotypes are related to liver cirrhosis function; thus, high-grade inflammation is correlated with the severity of hepatic insufficiency, bacterial translocation, and organic insufficiency, with which the risk of infections increases and the prognosis worsens. Bacterial translocation (BT) plays a relevant role in persistent systemic inflammation in patients with cirrhosis, and the prophylactic employment of antibiotics is useful for reducing events of infection and mortality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With increased frequency there are more transgender youths who request and require health care for issues regarding gender identity. The aim of this paper is to conduct a systematic review on the mental health of transgender adolescents and health care to which they have access regarding their discovery of transgender issues. This systematic review was undertaken by analysing international literature following PRISMA guidelines for systematic scientific reviews. The searches were conducted in the following databases: MEDLINE, SciELO, Psicodoc, PsycINFO and PubMed. A total of 24 articles complied with the inclusion criteria. The results indicate that transgender and non-conforming gender adolescents are an especially vulnerable group because they display high rates of mental health problems when compared to their cisgender peers. Hormone therapy for gender affirmation points to possible psychological benefits for this population group. In conclusion, transgender and non-conforming gender adolescents may exhibit mental health problems associated with the discrimination, rejection/repudiation, or bullying/harassment experienced in their corresponding social, health, and educational environments. This demands the need for a social change that promotes the acceptance and normalization of non-normative identities and genders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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This article presents a systematic review using PRISMA methodology to explore trends in the use of machine and deep learning in diagnosing and detecting Alzheimer's disease using electroencephalography. This review covers studies published between 2013 and 2023, drawing on three leading academic databases: Scopus, Web of Science, and PubMed. The validity of the databases is evaluated considering essential factors such as the arrangement of EEG electrodes, data acquisition methodologies, and the number of participants. Additionally, the specific properties of the databases used in the research are highlighted, including EEG signal classification, filtering, segmentation approaches, and selected features. Finally, the performance metrics of the classification algorithms are evaluated, especially the accuracy achieved, offering a comprehensive view of the current state and future trends in the use of these technologies for the diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Antiretroviral therapies (ART) are strongly associated with weight gain and metabolic syndrome (MetS) development in HIV-infected patients. Few studies have evaluated the association between gut microbiota and integrase strand transfer inhibitor (INSTI)-based and protease inhibitor (PI)-based regimens in HIV-infected patients with MetS. To assess this, fecal samples were obtained from HIV-infected patients treated with different regimens (16 PI + MetS or 30 INSTI + MetS) and 18 healthy controls (HCs). The microbial composition was characterized using 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing. The INSTI-based and PI-based regimens were associated with a significant decrease in α-diversity compared to HCs. The INSTI + MetS group showed the lowest α-diversity between both regimens. A significant increase in the abundance of short-chain fatty acid (SCFA)-producing genera (Roseburia, Dorea, Ruminococcus torques, and Coprococcus) was observed in the PI + MetS group, while Prevotella, Fusobacterium, and Succinivibrio were significantly increased in the INSTI + MetS group. Moreover, the Proteobacteria/Firmicutes ratio was overrepresented, and functional pathways related to the biosynthesis of LPS components were increased in the INSTI + MetS group. The gut microbiota of patients receiving INSTIs showed a more pronounced dysbiosis orchestrated by decreased bacterial richness and diversity, with an almost complete absence of SCFA-producing bacteria and alterations in gut microbiota functional pathways. These findings have not been previously observed.

Heavy metal pollution is a worldwide environmental and human health problem. Prosopis laevigata is a hyperaccumulator legume that bioaccumulates Pb, Cu and Zn. With interest in designing phytoremediation strategies for sites contaminated with heavy metals, we isolated and characterized endophytic fungi from the roots of P. laevigata growing on mine tailings located in Morelos, Mexico. Ten endophytic isolates were selected by morphological discrimination and a preliminary minimum inhibitory concentration was determined for zinc, lead and copper. A novel strain of Aspergillus closest to Aspergillus luchuensis was determined to be a metallophile and presented a marked tolerance to high concentrations of Cu, Zn and Pb, so it was further investigated for removal of metals and promotion of plant growth under greenhouse conditions. The control substrate with fungi promoted larger size characters in P. laevigata individuals in comparison with the other treatments, demonstrating that A. luchuensis strain C7 is a growth-promoting agent for P. laevigata individuals. The fungus favors the translocation of metals from roots to leaves in P. laevigata, promoting an increased Cu translocation. This new A. luchuensis strain showed endophytic character and plant growth-promotion activity, high metal tolerance, and an ability to increase copper translocation. We propose it as a novel, effective and sustainable bioremediation strategy for copper-polluted soils.