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The peer-reviewed collective monograph “The Image of Peter the Great in the Countries of East Asia” was prepared by scholars from St. Petersburg State University and the Institute of Oriental Manuscripts of the Russian Academy of Sciences. This book examines the features of the perception of the image of the first Russian Emperor Peter the Great (1672–1725) in China, Japan, South Korea and Vietnam. The main content of ideas about this Russian Tsar in these countries is revealed, the sources and ways of disseminating these ideas are considered. The study covers the chronological framework from the reign of Peter the Great to the 21st century. Archival texts of the 18th century, works of the 18th – 19th centuries, articles by publicists of the 19th – 20th centuries, works of modern historians of the considered countries, publications of various genres on the Internet, translations of Russian works about Peter the Great, educational and children's literature, documentaries and other materials have been studied. The specificity of interpretation in different ethno-cultural environments of facts about the life and work of the Tsar is explained.

The proposed review deals with the problem of the Three Great Reforms in the second half of the Edo period in Japan. All Three Reforms were named after the era, when each began (Kyoho, Kansei, and Tempo). The general slogan of the reforms was «back to the golden age», which meant the time of the founder of the Tokugawa dynasty. The real reason for the reforms was the need to reconcile some bourgeois changes in society with the formal feudal structure of the State organization. The content of each reform, its results, initiators and the socio-political situation are presented here in full, comprehensive form with basic details. The list of references is absent for the reason that the review itself is based on the materials of a doctoral dissertation, written by the author of the article previously, in Russian. The complete list of several hundred publications on the topic can be obtained by referring to the full text of the dissertation (Philippov A. V. «Three Great Reforms» and evolution process of the Japanese society, in the second half of the Edo period. Dissertation of Doctor in History. St. Petersburg, 2003. 503 p. URL: https://www.dissercat.com/content/tri-bolshie-reformy-i-protsessy-evolyutsii-yaponskogo-obshchestva-vtoroi-poloviny-epokhi-edo). The author suggests that the experience of reforms in Tokugawa Japan was very useful for the formation of national character, ethnic stereotypes of behaviour, psychology and way of thinking of the Japanese. The content of all Three Great Re-forms combined has never been presented in English or Japanese before.

The objectives and scientific tasks of the planned space experiment “Solntse-Terahertz” to be performed onboard the ISS Russian Segment are briefly described in the paper. In particular, the aim of the experiment is to study uninvestigated solar electromagnetic emission in the terahertz domain, in ~ 1012 – 1013 Hz (300-30 µm) frequency range. It is expected to obtain new data on solar active region emission including solar flare emission. These data are necessary to clarify the nature of solar activity and construct physical model of charged particle acceleration in active regions during solar flares and other astrophysical objects. We focus on the telescope optical system design and evaluation of main characteristics of this system. Results of simulations and comparison with the experimental verification of obtained characteristics are presented. A close correlation of the estimations and experimental results was obtained. As a result, main parameters of the telescope optical system of experimental hardware “Solntse-Terahertz” were determined. Key words: Sun, solar flares, terahertz emission, optical system.

The article discusses the main environmental problems of the Azov Sea. It is worth highlighting such problems as changes in salinity, temperature and general water pollution. It is shown that the main role in the deterioration of the situation is played by changes in the volume and quality of the waters of the rivers feeding the Azov Sea. The largest rivers are the Don and Kuban. These rivers are actively involved in the economic activities of the population of 15 subjects of the Russian Federation, which makes solving the problem of improving their hydrological and ecological condition an extremely difficult task. The article provides information about the adopted large-scale federal programs under which it is assumed to reduce the volume of water consumption, modernization of treatment facilities of industrial enterprises and settlements located near rivers with the use of the best available technologies, the prospects for the implementation of these programs are also outlined.

Local and integral characteristics of heat transfer are obtained at varying the Reynolds number Re = 5500, 11000, the distance between the jets y/D = 1.8, and the distance from the jets to the surface z/D = 0.5-10 for the system of two identical impinging jets. It is found in experiments that the effect of an adjacent jet leads to enhancement of local heat transfer at large distances between the nozzles and the barrier. It is also shown that an increase in the Re number increases integral heat transfer, and, at the same time, weakens the inter-jet interaction. The paper analyzes the scenarios of the behavior of local and integral heat transfer depending on the geometric and flow parameters of the system of two circular turbulent jets.

The work is aimed at creating a technique for reconstructing the three-dimensional structure of turbulent flows using data of a two-component laser-Doppler anemometer at the example of a flow in flat coplanar channels. Data of paired measurements by a two-component LDA at two different angles relative to the measurement point are used to obtain information about the three-dimensional structure of the flow. Further, all three components of the velocity vector were calculated using transformations. The developed method is used to measure the velocity field in a coplanar channel.