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A novel, rapid, and facile method for one-step sonoelectrochemical synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles (UEZ) was introduced in this study. The optimum operating parameters have been selected at a voltage of 7.5 V, KCl concentration of 0.5 M, and the reaction time of 60 min. The as-prepared UEZ were characterized by XRD, SEM, and HRTEM. It was found that the UEZ has a hexagonal wurtzite structure with high crystalline quality, good purity, a size range of 30-100 nm, and good photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue. This work provides a facile route for large-scale synthesizing ZnO nanoparticles via anodization., (© 2024 IOP Publishing Ltd.)

Background: Smoking among adolescents in schools is a major global public health concern. There is limited evidence regarding prevalence and associated factors in Vietnam., Objective: To compare the prevalence of smoking and associated factors among in-school adolescents aged 13-17 years in Vietnam between 2013 and 2019., Methods: Data were collected from two rounds of the national representative Vietnam Global School-based Student Health Survey (GSHS) conducted in 2013 (n = 3,331) and 2019 (n = 7,690). Logistic regression was used to identify the factors associated with tobacco and electronic cigarette smoking among in-school adolescents., Results: There was a significant reduction in the prevalence of current smoking (water pipes and cigarettes) from 5.4% (95% CI: 4.0-7.2) in 2013 to 2.8% (95% CI: 2.2-3.6) in 2019. In 2019, 2.6% of the in-school adolescents reported having used electronic cigarette products 30 days prior to the survey. Factors associated with a significantly higher likelihood of current smoking status included gender, loneliness, suicidal ideation, sexual activity, truancy, and alcohol consumption. Similar patterns were observed for e-cigarettes., Conclusion: Smoking among in-school adolescents in Vietnam decreased between 2013 and 2019. Follow-up studies are needed to further investigate causal factors so that future policies and communication programmes can be more effectively targeted to reduce smoking in adolescents.