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Fruit are rich source of antioxidants and total phenolic compounds (TPC). They are helpful in improving human health. As the consumption of fruit is increasing day by day, its wastage is also increasing. Currently, there is an increasing interest worldwide in the extraction of valuable chemicals from underutilized agro-wastes to investigate their potential commercial applications in cosmetics, drugs, and food preservation. The peels of many fruits, which are a byproduct of underutilized fruit processing, are a great source of various bioactive substances, including tannins, flavonoids, phenolics, and particularly limonoids, which are uncommon in other plants. In this review, it is discussed how ultrasonic energy has great importance in extracting polyphenols. By applying ultrasonication with enzymolysis or solvent, the yeild of polyphenols extract increases. Polyphenols present in different fruit peels help in improving human health as a preventative treatment agent against several oxidative stress degenerative disorders. Ultrasonic assisted extraction (UAE) breaks the cell wall and intracelleluar material comes out. In this way, it increases the yield of different polyphenols in fruit peel. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Depletion of fossil fuels and climate issues are calling for renewable sources of chemicals such as modern biomass, yet converting biomass into chemicals is challenging due to the inherent molecular complexity of biomass composition. Here, we review recent methods for the production of polyols from vegetable oil, lignin, and carbohydrates. We also review the production of polyurethane from biomass polyols. Conversion of vegetable oil into polyols is done by epoxidation, hydroformylation, and transesterification. Conversion of lignin into polyols is done by solvothermal liquefaction, hydroxymethylation, oxypropylation, and phenolation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A 4‐year‐old, spayed, female Jack Russell terrier dog presented after ingestion of 0.135 kg of dried beet pulp pellets. Survey radiographs revealed severe gastric distension. The dog was hospitalised and received intravenous fluids, analgesics and an antiemetic and recovered without complication. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first reported case of medical management of gastric distension secondary to beet pulp ingestion in a dog. This case illustrates that surgical intervention of severe gastric distension secondary to dry beet pulp ingestion may not be required. Close monitoring for evidence of gastric obstruction or perforation is warranted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research was focused on using raw bananas in place of natural wooden ice cream sticks. The raw bananas were used in a powdered form and then processed to create a substitute for the wooden sticks. A research operation was carried out, experimenting with different proportions of banana powder in a randomized complete block experimental design (RCBD). The properties of interest for the ice cream sticks were hardness, fracturability, and aw of samples, as well as a sensory evaluation. The research showed that ice cream sticks which contained 50–80% raw banana powder with 40% sugar and 40 min of baking resulted in a product with the properties of commonly used wooden ice cream sticks, and that the product also had a good appearance along with positive consumer response. In addition, the maximum shelf life of such ice-cream sticks was 8 days. In the future, development of this product can increase the value of bananas and also reduce the waste of single-use wooden ice cream sticks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]