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Investigation of root system architecture (RSA) has a huge potential to support the crop improvement under suboptimal nutrient and water conditions. The present study was carried out using eight genotypes of each mungbean and urdbean for comparative analysis of RSA traits among the genotypes. Presence of significant variations and medium to high heritability was observed for RSA traits. The genotypes KM 12-29 followed by PUSA 9072 among the mungbean genotypes and LBG 623 followed by PU 11-14 among the urdbean genotypes showed higher proportion of RSA traits. The higher percentage distribution of root traits was observed under diameter intervals in the order of 0-0.5 > 0.5-1.0 > 1.0-1.5 > 1.5-2.0 >> 2.0 mm in both mungbean and urdbean genotypes. Thus, the study shows the clear depiction and comparison of RSA traits among mungbean and urdbean genotypes, which can be exploited for cultivar development in future breeding programmes. Bangladesh J. Bot. 52(1): 61-69, 2023 (March)

Background: Phosphorus (P) is the essential nutrient required for the growth and development of plants. P deficiency mainly leads to dark green foliage, alteration of root architectural traits and higher root to shoot ratio in plants. Further P deficiency results in enhancement of reactive oxygen species (ROS), thereby it leads to oxidative damage to plant cells. Plants have developed the mechanisms like production of antioxidants to overcome this effect. Methods: In the present study, 18 genotypes were evaluated under a hydroponic system with normal and low P levels. After 21 days, the seedlings were used for investigating the physiological and antioxidant activity response of genotypes under normal and low P condition. Result: The mean values of traits chlorophyll concentration, root dry weight, root to shoot ratio, H2O2, FRAP and DPPH were significantly higher under low P condition compared to normal P condition. The correlation and principal component analysis revealed that the traits RDW and TDW are major contributors to variation and could be used for P deficiency screening in mungbean. Based on major contributing traits of variation, the genotypes PUSA 1333 was identified as an efficient genotype and could be used in P use efficiency improvement in mungbean.

NDLH 2051-1 has a mean seed cotton yield potential of 1590 kg ha-1 and has been singled out for commercial cultivation in the south and central zones of India by the Regional Agricultural Research Station, Nandyal, India. This cultivar represents an essential contribution to sustainable cotton production in India.