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Demonstrating software early and responding to feedback is crucial in agile development. However, it is difficult for stakeholders who are not on‐site customers but end users, marketing people, or designers, and so forth to give feedback in an agile development environment. Successful graphical user interface (GUI) test executions can be documented and then demonstrated for feedback. In our new concept, GUI tests from behavior‐driven development (BDD) are recorded, augmented, and demonstrated as videos. A GUI test is divided into several GUI unit tests, which are specified in Gherkin, a semi‐structured natural language. For each GUI unit test, a video is generated during test execution. Test steps specified in Gherkin are traced and highlighted in the video. Stakeholders review these generated videos and provide feedback, for example, on misunderstandings of requirements or on inconsistencies. To evaluate the impact of videos in identifying inconsistencies, we asked 22 participants to identify inconsistencies between (1) given requirements in regular sentences and (2) demonstrated behaviors from videos with Gherkin specifications or from Gherkin specifications alone. Our results show that participants tend to identify more inconsistencies from demonstrated behaviors, which are not in accordance with given requirements. They tend to recognize inconsistencies more easily through videos than through Gherkin specifications alone. The types of inconsistency are threefold: The mentioned feature can be incorrectly implemented, not implemented, or an unspecified new feature. We use a fictitious example showing how this feedback helps a product owner and her team manage requirements. We conclude that GUI test videos can help stakeholders give feedback more effectively. By obtaining early feedback, inconsistencies can be resolved, thus contributing to higher stakeholder satisfaction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction Body dysmorphic disorder, also known as dysmorphophobia, is a severe psychiatric disorder characterized by DSM-V as preoccupation with one or more perceived defects or flaws in physical appearance, that are not observable or appear slight to others. BDD can cause significant distress or impairment in social and occupational areas of life. It is often comorbid with other psychiatric conditions like major depressive disorder. Current ways of treatment include a combination of pharmacotherapy and cognitive-behavioral therapy. Aim of the study To summarize current knowledge of body dysmorphic disorder, its pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatment, outline possible areas for further research, and raise the awareness of the disorder. Material and methods The review was based on the PubMed database and was carried out using keywords to determine the latest publications. Summary Body dysmorphic disorder is a relatively common and severe condition that greatly diminishes patients' quality of life. While helpful diagnostic tools exist, BDD diagnosis remains relatively uncommon, posing challenges for patients to receive adequate treatment and continuing their suffering. Despite identifying several factors contributing to the disorder, much remains unknown. Many patients do not respond to standard treatment options, highlighting the need for further studies into the disorder's neurobiology, causes, and alternate treatment approaches to achieve a deeper comprehension of BDD as the number of new cases increases every year. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The phase field modeling of fracture is able to simulate the nucleation and the propagation of complex crack patterns. However, the relatively small internal lengths that are required usually lead to very fine meshes and high computational costs, especially for three‐dimensional applications. In the present work, additional cost also comes from the implicit dynamics regularization of unstable crack propagations which potentially leads to a large variation of time steps when switching from quasi‐static to dynamic regimes. To reduce the time to solution in this context, this study proposes a domain decomposition framework and acceleration techniques for the phase field fracture staggered solver. The displacement subproblem and the phase field one are solved with parallel domain decomposition solvers. Dual domain decomposition methods provide low cost preconditioner well adapted to the phase field subproblem. For displacement subproblems undergoing unstable crack propagations, primal domain decomposition methods are preferred to be less sensitive to the treatment of floating substructures. Preconditioners performances are assessed and scalability studies over academic test cases, up to 324 subdomains, are presented. Finally, the robustness of the approach is illustrated on two semi‐industrial simulations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this article, an optical majority/minority circuit has been designed using four electro‐optic Mach‐Zehnder interferometers. The binary decision diagram (BDD) is used to optimize the Boolean logical expression. In this design we get two outputs, one performs majority logic and the other performs minority logic simultaneously. Numerical simulation has been done with the obtained data from the beam propagation method. Pseudo‐eye diagram is also plotted to find amplitude modulation (AM) and extinction ratio (ER). AM and ER are found nearly 0.4 and 13 dB, respectively. A new parameter, the optical circuit complexity factor (OCC) factor has been calculated and from the result, it has been shown that the proposed design is more optimized than other majority/minority gate designs so far. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Thermal transport is of grave importance in many high-value applications. Heat dissipation can be improved by utilizing liquid metals as thermal interface materials. Yet, liquid metals exhibit corrosivity towards many metals used for heat sinks, such as aluminum, and other electrical devices (i.e., copper). The compatibility of the liquid metal with the heat sink or device material as well as its long-term stability are important performance variables for thermal management systems. Herein, the compatibility of the liquid metal Galinstan, a eutectic alloy of gallium, indium, and tin, with diamond coatings and the stability of the liquid metal in this environment are scrutinized. The liquid metal did not penetrate the diamond coating nor corrode it. However, the liquid metal solidified with the progression of time, starting from the second year. After 4 years of aging, the liquid metal on all samples solidified, which cannot be explained by the dissolution of aluminum from the titanium alloy. In contrast, the solidification arose from oxidation by oxygen, followed by hydrolysis to GaOOH due to the humidity in the air. The hydrolysis led to dealloying, where In and Sn remained an alloy while Ga separated as GaOOH. This hydrolysis has implications for many devices based on gallium alloys and should be considered during the design phase of liquid metal-enabled products. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As electrochemical oxidation technologies are energy-intensive, they are sparsely included in wastewater treatment plants. This study demonstrates a self-reliable glucose driven-electro-Fenton (GD-EF) system for decontamination of 2,4-dichlorophenoxy (2,4-D) herbicides without the supply of external current or voltage. It incorporates a cathode (graphite) which accepts electrons from abiotic glucose oxidation at anode (Pt/Ti or BDD or PbO2/Cu/Ti) and generates in situ H2O2. For the first time, the ability of Pt/Ti, BDD, and PbO2/Cu/Ti anodes in GD-EF and their influence on 2,4-D decontamination rate have been studied. Pt/Ti and PbO2/Cu/Ti exhibited maximum power densities of 60.42 and 219.3 µW cm−2, respectively than BDD (2.418 µW cm−2). Even though Pt/Ti fuel cell exhibited lower power density than the PbO2/Cu/Ti – fuel cell, it had a faster 2,4-D degradation rate of k = 18 × 10−3 s−1. The generated cathodic potential of −0.275 mV vs. Ag/AgCl in the Pt/Ti-fuel cell was sufficient to produce 23 mg L−1h−1 of H2O2. The high performance liquid chromatography analysis reveals the complete transformation of 2,4-D in 540 min and its degradation by 95% in 1080 min. This finding paves the way for greener decontamination of bio-recalcitrant herbicides with zero electrochemical energy consumption. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Internet-based cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) and stand-alone mindfulness meditation interventions are gaining empirical support for a wide variety of mental health conditions. In this study, we test the efficacy of web-based therapist-guided mindfulness-based cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT-M) for body dysmorphic disorder (BDD), a psychiatric disorder characterized by preoccupations with perceived defects in appearance. Objective: This study aims to determine whether CBT-M for BDD delivered on the web is feasible and acceptable and whether mindfulness meditation adds to CBT treatment effects for BDD. Methods: In this 8-week, 2-arm, parallel pilot randomized controlled trial, n=28 adults (aged between 18 and 55 years) were randomly allocated to an experimental group (web-based therapist-guided CBT-M) or a control group (web-based therapist-guided CBT). Study retention, accrual, and intervention adherence were assessed, along with self-report measures for BDD, depression, anxiety, and pain intensity taken at baseline and postintervention. Results: This study was feasible to implement and deemed acceptable by participants. After 8 weeks, significant improvements were found on all outcome measures for both treatment groups, and large between-group effect sizes favoring CBT-M were found for BDD symptom severity (d=--0.96), depression (d=--1.06), pain severity (d=--1.12), and pain interference (d=--1.28). However, linear mixed models demonstrated no significant differences between the groups over 8 weeks. Conclusions: The results suggest that mindfulness meditation may add to beneficial web-based CBT treatment effects for BDD. An adequately powered randomized control trial of web-based CBT-M is warranted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction Body dysmorphic disorder, also known as dysmorphophobia, is a severe psychiatric disorder characterized by DSM-V as preoccupation with one or more perceived defects or flaws in physical appearance, that are not observable or appear slight to others. BDD can cause significant distress or impairment in social and occupational areas of life. It is often comorbid with other psychiatric conditions like major depressive disorder. Current ways of treatment include a combination of pharmacotherapy and cognitive-behavioral therapy. Aim of the study To summarize current knowledge of body dysmorphic disorder, its pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatment, outline possible areas for further research, and raise the awareness of the disorder. Material and methods The review was based on the PubMed database and was carried out using keywords to determine the latest publications. Summary Body dysmorphic disorder is a relatively common and severe condition that greatly diminishes patients' quality of life. While helpful diagnostic tools exist, BDD diagnosis remains relatively uncommon, posing challenges for patients to receive adequate treatment and continuing their suffering. Despite identifying several factors contributing to the disorder, much remains unknown. Many patients do not respond to standard treatment options, highlighting the need for further studies into the disorder's neurobiology, causes, and alternate treatment approaches to achieve a deeper comprehension of BDD as the number of new cases increases every year.

Body Dysmorphic Disorder (BDD) represents a prevalent mental health condition characterized by distress arising from self-perceived physical imperfections. BDD serves as a contraindication to aesthetic surgery. Recognizing BDD holds paramount importance for plastic surgeons, as it is instrumental in averting the exacerbation of this condition while ensuring appropriate referrals. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of BDD in cosmetic surgery patients and to pinpoint key characteristics associated with BDD. This information provides plastic surgeons with specific factors to consider during preoperative evaluations. We employed TriNetX database to identify patients with BDD who underwent cosmetic surgery identified by Current Procedural Terminology codes. Demographics and patient characteristics were identified using the International Classification of Diseases 10 codes. We calculated odds ratios (OR) by using chi-squared tests to assess risk factors among patients with BDD. Of 226,374 patients who underwent plastic surgery between August 2002 and August 2022, fewer than 0.1% were diagnosed with BDD. Of the BDD patients, 52.1% were diagnosed after cosmetic surgery. Compared with the control group, BDD patients were more likely to undergo rhinoplasty (OR=1.784, p = 0.004) and nonlocalized lipectomy (OR=1.448, p = 0.021) and less likely to undergo blepharoplasty (OR=0.451, p = 0.002). Findings indicated a strong association between BDD patients undergoing cosmetic procedures and comorbid psychiatric conditions such as depression (OR=4.279, p < 0.05), anxiety (OR=5.490, p < 0.05), and Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (OR=3.993, p < 0.05). These findings underscore the ongoing significance of BDD in the context of cosmetic surgery, potentially indicating a lower surgery rate among BDD patients compared with previous estimates. Nevertheless, avenues for further improvement persist. Our data affirm the noteworthy occurrence of postsurgery BDD development, thereby highlighting the ongoing necessity for psychiatric evaluation in surgical patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Boron-doped diamond (BDD) electrodes are well known for the in situ production of strong oxidants. These antimicrobial agents are produced directly from water without the need of storage or stabilization. An in situ production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) used as antimicrobial agents has also been used in recently developed medical applications. Although BDD electrodes also produce ROS during water electrolysis, only a few medical applications have appeared in the literature to date. This is probably due to the difficulties in the miniaturization of BDD electrodes, while maintaining a stable and efficient electrolytic process in order to obtain a clinical applicability. In this attempt, a cannula-based electrode design was achieved by insulating the anodic diamond layer from a cathodic cannula, using a second layer of non-conducting diamond. The undoped diamond (UDD) layer was successfully grown in a spotted pattern, resulting in a perfectly insulated yet still functional BDD layer, which can operate as a miniaturized flow reactor for medical applications. The spotted pattern was achieved by introducing a partial copper layer on top of the BDD layer, which was subsequently removed after growing the undoped diamond layer via etching. The initial analytical observations showed promising results for further chemical and microbial investigations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present study reports the development and application of a flow injection analysis (FIA) system for the simultaneous determination of uric acid (UA) and caffeine (CAF) using cathodically pretreated boron-doped diamond electrode (CPT-BDD) and multiple-pulse amperometry (MPA). The electrochemical profiles of UA and CAF were analyzed via cyclic voltammetry in the potential range of 0.20–1.7 V using 0.10 mol L−1 H2SO4 solution as supporting electrolyte. Under optimized conditions, two oxidation peaks at potentials of 0.80 V (UA) and 1.4 V (CAF) were observed; the application of these potentials using multiple-pulse amperometry yielded concentration linear ranges of 5.0 × 10−8–2.2 × 10−5 mol L−1 (UA) and 5.0 × 10−8–1.9 × 10−5 mol L−1 (CAF) and limits of detection of 1.1 × 10−8 and 1.3 × 10−8 mol L−1 for UA and CAF, respectively. The proposed method exhibited good repeatability and stability, and no interference was detected in the electrochemical signals of UA and CAF in the presence of glucose, NaCl, KH2PO4, CaCl2, urea, Pb, Ni, and Cd. The application of the FIA-MPA method for the analysis of environmental samples resulted in recovery rates ranging between 98 and 104%. The results obtained showed that the BDD sensor exhibited a good analytical performance when applied for CAF and UA determination, especially when compared to other sensors reported in the literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Background Body Dysmorphic Disorder (BDD) is a significant aspect that compromises patient satisfaction after rhinoplasty. BDDQ-AS (Body Dysmorphic Disorder Questionnaire-Aesthetic Surgery) is a validated, simple, reliable patient-reported outcome measure. It is a screening tool to detect body dysmorphic disorder in rhinoplasty patients. This study aimed to translate, culturally adapt, and validate BDDQ-AS to Arabic as a novel tool for screening and detecting BDD in Arabic rhinoplasty individuals. Methods BDDQ-AS was translated from English to Arabic following the international consensus guidelines. We tested the translation on ten Arabic-speaking rhinoplasty patients to ensure that the final version was understandable and acceptable. The proposed Arabic version was then completed by 112 patients whose average age was 28.79 ± 9.32 years. The screening is assumed positive if the patients expressed bother and preoccupation about their appearance (questions 1 and 2 “yes”), as well as a moderately disrupted everyday life (question 7 "yes" or questions 3, 4, 5, or 6 are equal to or greater than “3′′). The internal consistency, test–retest reliability, and item-response theory (IRT) were used to evaluate psychometric validations. Results The Arabic BDDQ had a high level of internal consistency, as measured by Cronbach's alpha 0.995. The A-BDDQ-AS was deemed reliable with an Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC) of 0.989. A-BDDQ had good discrimination scores (above 2.0) with adequate difficulty parameters. The overall scale content validity average was 0.83, affirming that all items were relevant, clear, and straightforward. Conclusion The Arabic version of the BDDQ-AS is reliable, culturally adapted, and psychometrically validated to be readily used and incorporated into clinical practice. It is a beneficial tool that can guide the screening of Arabic rhinoplasty patients suffering from body dysmorphic disorder and be utilized in further studies to optimize patient outcomes. Graphical Abstract

The occurrence of 1,4-dioxane in the water has received significant attention due to its possible adverse effects to the environment and human health. The conventional techniques used for wastewater treatment are insufficient for the complete removal of 1,4-dioxane. Therefore, there is a need to develop technologies that can provide higher and faster 1,4-dioxane degradation capabilities. In this study, Electrochemical oxidation of 1,4-dioxane in laboratory water and electroplating industry wastewater was carried out in batch and plug flow reactor (PFR) configurations. Different process parameters were investigated and process optimization was performed. For the batch reactor, complete degradation of 1,4-dioxane from laboratory water was observed in 40 min with a pseudo-first order rate constant of 0.1076 min−1. For the simulated plating industry wastewater, 85.4% 1,4-dioxane was removed, while TOC and COD removals were 51% and 79%, respectively. For the PFR, 91% 1,4-dioxane degradation were observed for simulated wastewater, while COD removal was 99%. Since the electrochemical PFR showed the best performance, plating industry wastewater was treated via PFR under optimized conditions where 83% 1,4-dioxane degradation was achieved. Metal removals from the wastewater were also ranged between 88 and 99% via PFR. The electrical energy per order (EE/O) value of electrochemical treatment of 1,4-dioxane via electrochemical PFR was 6.62 kWh/m3 during the treatment of plating wastewater. 1,4-dioxane-2-one and 1,4-dioxane-2-ol were identified for the first time during electrochemical treatment of plating wastewater. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Aim There is almost no accurate information about the causes of body dysmorphic disorder. Many patients with body dysmorphic disorder who apply for plastic surgery show a negative response to these treatments and sometimes the symptoms get worse. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the causes of body dysmorphic disorder in women. Methods & Materials The present research was a qualitative study with a content analysis type. Variables and categories were obtained by interviewing 15 experts and eight people with body dysmorphic disorder and reviewing 71 articles. Also, to diagnose body dysmorphic disorder, Yale Brown’s Practical Obsession Questionnaire was used in addition to the interviews. The sampling method in this research was purposive sampling. Data analysis was done in three stages: open, central, and selective coding. The validity of the components was checked by calculating the content analysis index. Ethical Considerations In the research, before the interview, written consent was received regarding the specificity and confidentiality of the research (Code: IR.UM.REC.1401.105). Results The influential factors in body dysmorphic disorder were: a. Cultural and social factors b. Psychological factors, and c. Biological factors. Conclusion According to the obtained results, several factors play a role in the occurrence of body dysmorphic disorder, and their identification in different environments, cultures, and societies provides the possibility of developing preventive measures, and designing and developing a suitable treatment model. However, to increase the external validity of the research, it is suggested to conduct similar research in other societies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The presence of heavy metals in craft beers can endanger human health if the total metal content exceeds the exposure limits recommended by sanitary standards; in addition, they can cause damage to the quality of the beer. In this work, the concentration of Cd(II), Cu(II), and Fe(III) was determined in 13 brands of craft beer with the highest consumption in Quito, Ecuador, by differential pulse anodic stripping voltammetry (DPASV), using as boron-doped diamond (BDD) working electrode. The BDD electrode used has favorable morphological and electrochemical properties for the detection of metals such as Cd(II), Cu(II), and Fe(III). A granular morphology with microcrystals with an average size between 300 and 2000 nm could be verified for the BDD electrode using a scanning electron microscope. Double layer capacitance of the BDD electrode was 0.01412 μF cm−2, a relatively low value; Ipox/Ipred ratios were 0.99 for the potassium ferro-ferricyanide system in BDD, demonstrating that the redox process is quasi-reversible. The figures of merit for Cd(II), Cu(II), and Fe(III) were; DL of 6.31, 1.76, and 1.72 μg L−1; QL of 21.04, 5.87, and 5.72 μg L−1, repeatability of 1.06, 2.43, and 1.34%, reproducibility of 1.61, 2.94, and 1.83% and percentage of recovery of 98.18, 91.68, and 91.68%, respectively. It is concluded that the DPASV method on BDD has acceptable precision and accuracy for the quantification of Cd(II), Cu(II), and Fe(III), and it was verified that some beers did not comply with the permissible limits of food standards. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Aim There is almost no accurate information about the causes of body dysmorphic disorder. Many patients with body dysmorphic disorder who apply for plastic surgery show a negative response to these treatments and sometimes the symptoms get worse. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the causes of body dysmorphic disorder in women. Methods & Materials The present research was a qualitative study with a content analysis type. Variables and categories were obtained by interviewing 15 experts and eight people with body dysmorphic disorder and reviewing 71 articles. Also, to diagnose body dysmorphic disorder, Yale Brown’s Practical Obsession Questionnaire was used in addition to the interviews. The sampling method in this research was purposive sampling. Data analysis was done in three stages: open, central, and selective coding. The validity of the components was checked by calculating the content analysis index. Ethical Considerations In the research, before the interview, written consent was received regarding the specificity and confidentiality of the research (Code: IR.UM.REC.1401.105). Results The influential factors in body dysmorphic disorder were: a. Cultural and social factors b. Psychological factors, and c. Biological factors. Conclusion According to the obtained results, several factors play a role in the occurrence of body dysmorphic disorder, and their identification in different environments, cultures, and societies provides the possibility of developing preventive measures, and designing and developing a suitable treatment model. However, to increase the external validity of the research, it is suggested to conduct similar research in other societies.

En la actualidad, se busca que el proceso de desarrollo de software sea más rápido y efectivo. Las principales causas que impiden cumplir con este objetivo son los errores en las especificaciones de requisitos y la ausencia de pruebas acordes al producto construido. Como consecuencia, se obtienen productos de software que no alcanzan la calidad esperada por los clientes. Por ello, es crítico que los equipos de desarrollo de software le den prioridad a la etapa de pruebas, así como a la definición correcta de los requisitos, para evitar crear un producto que pueda resultar en la pérdida de recursos y en la insatisfacción de los stakeholders. Como respuesta a esta problemática, en el ámbito de desarrollo de software, se han diseñado distintas prácticas basadas en pruebas para minimizar errores en el proceso de desarrollo, entre estas, se pueden mencionar: Test-Driven Development, Behaviour-Driven Development y Acceptance Test Driven Development. En este artículo, se aborda una revisión literaria de estas prácticas con el objetivo de determinar la importancia de cada una, en el proceso de desarrollo de software, mediante el análisis de sus características y diferencias.

Background: Body Dysmorphic Disorder (BDD) is a significant aspect that compromises patient satisfaction after rhinoplasty. BDDQ-AS (Body Dysmorphic Disorder Questionnaire-Aesthetic Surgery) is a validated, simple, reliable patient-reported outcome measure. It is a screening tool to detect body dysmorphic disorder in rhinoplasty patients. This study aimed to translate, culturally adapt, and validate BDDQ-AS to Arabic as a novel tool for screening and detecting BDD in Arabic rhinoplasty individuals. Methods: BDDQ-AS was translated from English to Arabic following the international consensus guidelines. We tested the translation on ten Arabic-speaking rhinoplasty patients to ensure that the final version was understandable and acceptable. The proposed Arabic version was then completed by 112 patients whose average age was 28.79 ± 9.32 years. The screening is assumed positive if the patients expressed bother and preoccupation about their appearance (questions 1 and 2 "yes"), as well as a moderately disrupted everyday life (question 7 "yes" or questions 3, 4, 5, or 6 are equal to or greater than "3′′). The internal consistency, test–retest reliability, and item-response theory (IRT) were used to evaluate psychometric validations. Results: The Arabic BDDQ had a high level of internal consistency, as measured by Cronbach's alpha 0.995. The A-BDDQ-AS was deemed reliable with an Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC) of 0.989. A-BDDQ had good discrimination scores (above 2.0) with adequate difficulty parameters. The overall scale content validity average was 0.83, affirming that all items were relevant, clear, and straightforward. Conclusion: The Arabic version of the BDDQ-AS is reliable, culturally adapted, and psychometrically validated to be readily used and incorporated into clinical practice. It is a beneficial tool that can guide the screening of Arabic rhinoplasty patients suffering from body dysmorphic disorder and be utilized in further studies to optimize patient outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The bounded distance decoding (BDD) is a fundamental problem in lattice-based cryptography which is derived from the closest vector problem (CVP). In this paper, we adapt the lattice enumeration with discrete pruning, a burgeoning method for the shortest lattice vector problem (SVP), to solve BDD in various cryptanalysis scenarios using direct method. We first transfer the basic definition involved in discrete pruning technique from SVP to CVP, prove corresponding properties and give the specific procedures of the algorithm. Additionally, we use the discrete pruning technique to interpret the classical CVP algorithms, including Babai's nearest plane and Lindner–Peikert nearest planes, which can be regarded as discrete pruned enumeration on some special pruning sets. We propose three probability models in the runtime analysis to accurately estimate the cost of our algorithm in different application scenarios. We study the application of discrete pruned enumeration for BDD mainly on LWE-based cryptosystem and DSA with partially known nonces. The experimental results show that our new algorithm has higher efficiency than the previous algorithms which directly solve BDD, including the nearest plane(s) algorithms and the lattice enumeration with classical pruning strategies, and we are able to recover the DSA secret with less leaked information than the previous works. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The electrochemical evaluation of vildagliptin in solutions with and without surfactant was investigated using square wave and cyclic voltammetry methods. For this purpose, anionic surfactant showed a positive effect on the anodic pretreated boron-doped diamond electrode surface. Vildagliptin gave an irreversible wave at approximately + 1.28 V at Britton–Robinson buffer (containing 0.5 mM SDS pH 11.0) medium. Using square wave voltammetry, the anodic current signal showed a linear correlation with concentrations ranging from 2.94 µM to 55.86 µM. The limit of detection of 77.52 nM and the relative standard deviation of 1.19% were estimated at a concentration level of 2.94 µM (n = 10). Without any separation, the new electroanalytical method was effectively employed to vildagliptin determination in pharmaceutical formulations and urine samples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We consider online algorithms with respect to the competitive ratio. Here, we investigate quantum and classical one-way automata with a non-constant size of memory (streaming algorithms) as a model for online algorithms. We construct problems that can be solved by quantum online streaming algorithms better than by classical ones in the case of the logarithmic or sublogarithmic size of memory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Nowadays, aesthetic dermatology treatment has become not only physical beautification but also it can have positive effects on patients' mental health. Body dysmorphic disorder can be the reason for treatment dissatisfaction. In the general population, the prevalence of BDD is 1.9% and it is more common among cosmetic patients. The aim of this study was to conduct the most comprehensive evaluation of body image and BDD among aesthetic patients. Methods: We recruited a group of 412 individuals, who were asked to complete 6 different on-line questionnaires concerning self-image, i.e., COPS, AAI, FAS, BAS-2, BSQ-16, and RSES. Results: The prevalence of BDD ranged from 7.28% to 11.17%, depending on the screening tool that was used. Our research revealed that BDD susceptibility, body image, body appreciation, and self-esteem were strongly interrelated (p < 0.001). A higher BMI was a risk factor for BDD, body dissatisfaction, and depreciation. The financial status markedly influenced all of the features. A history of psychiatric treatment influenced the risk of BDD, body satisfaction, body appreciation, and self-esteem. A history of cosmetic procedures and treatment satisfaction had no impact on the obtained results. Conclusions: Improving recognition of body dissatisfaction among aesthetic patients is very important. The psychometric assessment of patients before cosmetic treatment could be of help in choosing the appropriate approach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to improve the stability of power system operation, in view of the problem that the line power and node voltage will exceed the limit due to the influence of uncertain factors during the operation of the power grid, considering the two uncertain factors of wind power and load fluctuation, a risk value index of over-limit risk is proposed to identify the vulnerability of the power grid. link. First, define the risk value index of line power over-limit and node voltage over-limit risk value respectively; then, use the n-k method to simulate the situation of line disconnection and node failure in the power grid respectively, and obtain the line over-limit risk value and node over-limit risk Lines and nodes are sorted by value; and the binary decision diagram (BDD) algorithm is used to improve the identification efficiency of the n-k method; then experiments are carried out on the IEEE 30-node system and the IEEE 118-node system to verify the out-of-limit risk value index and the n-k identification method effectiveness and universality; Finally, the line disconnection and node fault are simulated respectively, and the identification indicators and methods are evaluated based on the load shedding of the IEEE 118-node system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Diazinon, an organophosphorus pesticide, widely used in agricultural activities, can be effectively degraded in aqueous solutions via advanced oxidation processes. Electrochemical oxidation is a promising technique for the degradation of recalcitrant organic micropollutants in water. Thus, this study evaluated the pesticide diazinon degradation by anodic oxidation. To carry out the experiments, a synthetic solution of diazinon was used, with an initial concentration of 40 mg L−1. Two types of electrodes were evaluated, a dimensionally stable anode type, with RuO2–IrO2 composition, and a boron-doped diamond (BDD) electrode. In addition, two supporting electrolytes (NaCl and Na2SO4), the electrolyte concentration, current density and also energy consumption were evaluated. All configurations were able to promote the degradation of total organic carbon. The anodic oxidation for the degradation of diazinon was more efficient with the BDD electrode, reaching 97.5% of diazinon removal after 180 min with 25 mM of Na2SO4, a current density of 42 mA cm−2 and pH 3. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Despite emerging evidence on oxytocin's role in eating disorders,there is a need for a comprehensive review to integrate findings across neurobiological, genetic, hormonal, and therapeutic dimensions. This scoping review synthesizes existing literature on OXT's role in EDs and proposes a new theoretical perspective based on diverse research findings., Methods: In accordance with PRISMA guidelines, we systematically synthesized all peer-reviewed articles indexed on PubMed which focused on both OXT and EDs as of December 2023 (k = 32 studies, n = 1942 participants). After summarizing this literature in tables, we completed the narrative synthesis with a discussion of mechanisms informed by an unstructured literature review., Results: The existing studies propose a connection between OXT receptor Oxtr polymorphisms and ED diagnoses, severity of symptoms, macronutrient preferences, reward function, and early life stress. In addition, OXT plasma levels normalized with ED symptom reduction. Although some OXT studies have failed to show therapeutic changes in food intake and weight, few have reported ameliorations in brain function, food-related attentional bias, cognition, and emotional regulation. Some data have also suggested a contributory role of the transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) and sterol regulatory element binding proteins (SREBPs) to the etiology of EDs through Oxtr expression., Conclusion: Although the current evidence does not support OXT as a standalone cause of or treatment for EDs, OXT research holds promise as a way of identifying future therapies, and OXT itself may serve as a valuable adjunct., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest All authors declare no competing interests or funding sources., (Copyright © 2024. Published by Elsevier Inc.)

Boron-doped diamond (BDD) electrodes are well known for the in situ production of strong oxidants. These antimicrobial agents are produced directly from water without the need of storage or stabilization. An in situ production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) used as antimicrobial agents has also been used in recently developed medical applications. Although BDD electrodes also produce ROS during water electrolysis, only a few medical applications have appeared in the literature to date. This is probably due to the difficulties in the miniaturization of BDD electrodes, while maintaining a stable and efficient electrolytic process in order to obtain a clinical applicability. In this attempt, a cannula-based electrode design was achieved by insulating the anodic diamond layer from a cathodic cannula, using a second layer of non-conducting diamond. The undoped diamond (UDD) layer was successfully grown in a spotted pattern, resulting in a perfectly insulated yet still functional BDD layer, which can operate as a miniaturized flow reactor for medical applications. The spotted pattern was achieved by introducing a partial copper layer on top of the BDD layer, which was subsequently removed after growing the undoped diamond layer via etching. The initial analytical observations showed promising results for further chemical and microbial investigations.

Agile is often associated with a lack of architectural thinking causing technical debt but has the advantage of user centricity and a strong focus on value. Model-driven software engineering (MDSE) strongly performs for building a quality architecture and code, but lacks focus on user requirements and tends to consider development as a monolithic whole. The combination of Agile and MDSE has been explored, but a convincing integrated method has not been proposed yet. This paper addresses this gap by exploring the specific combination of MERODE—as an example of a proven MDSE method—with Scrum, a reference agile method offering a concrete (sprint-based) life cycle management on the basis of user stories. The method resulting of this integration is called Agile MERODE; it is driven by user stories, themselves associated with behavior-driven development scenarios. It allows for domain-driven design and permits fast development from domain models by means of code generation. An illustrative example further clarifies the practical application of Agile MERODE, while a case study shows the planning game application in the case's context. While the approach, in its entirety, allows reducing technical debt by building the architecture in a logical, consistent and complete manner, introducing MDSE involves a trade-off with pure value-driven development. Agile MERODE contributes to the state of the art by showing how to increase user centricity in MDSE, how to align model-driven engineering with the Scrum cycle, and how to reduce the technical debt of agile developments yet remaining value-focused. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and aim: There is almost no accurate information about the causes of body dysmorphic disorder. Many patients with body dysmorphic disorder who apply for plastic surgery show a negative response to these treatments and sometimes the symptoms get worse. The purpose of the present study is to investigate the causes of body dysmorphic disorder in women. Materials and methods: The present study is qualitative, content analysis type. Variables and categories were obtained by interviewing 15 experts and 8 people with body dysmorphic disorder, and reviewing 71 articles. Also, in order to diagnose body dysmorphic disorder, Yale Brown's Practical Obsession Questionnaire was used in addition to the interview. The sampling method in this research is purposive sampling. Data analysis was done in 3 stages of open, central and selective coding. The validity of the components was checked by calculating the content analysis index. Ethical considerations: In the research, before the interview, a written consent was received regarding the specificity and confidentiality of the research.(IR.UM.REC.1401.105) Findings: The influential factors in body dysmorphic disorder were: a. Cultural and social factors b. Psychological factors c. Biological factors. Conclusion: According to the obtained results, several factors play a role in the occurrence of body dysmorphic disorder, and their identification in different environments, cultures, and societies provides the possibility of developing preventive measures, and designing and developing a suitable treatment model. slow However, in order to increase the external validity of the research, it is suggested to conduct research similar to the present research in other societies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Women from countries with conflicting views on cosmesis may avoid these procedures for the fear of being rejected by the community. Understanding the motives that drive patients from these countries to seek cosmetic procedures helps discern possible causes of postoperative dissatisfaction, which can be prevented by careful selection of patients and individualizing their management protocols. Objectives: This study helps identify the factors that affect Egyptian Muslim women's attitude toward cosmetic procedures. The main factors tested were female gender role stress (FGRS), body dysmorphic disorder (BDD), and religious attitude. The secondary factors investigated were health evaluation, life satisfaction, self-satisfaction, social media use, TV exposure, spouse/friends/family influence, and internalization of beauty standards. Methods: Women willing to undergo cosmetic procedures were compared with those who were not. A survey exploring demographics and the different motives were posted for the public online. Results: Among 502 participants, 288 were willing to undergo cosmetic procedures and 214 were not. Our findings showed a statistically significant difference for the degree of BDD, FGRS, and religiousness between willing and unwilling groups. Moreover, greater pressure from partner to change appearance, influence of friends and family on opinion regarding beauty of oneself, internalization of beauty standards, and lower ratings of life and self-satisfaction showed statistically significant association with willingness to undergo cosmetic treatment. Conclusion: BDD, FGRS, and religious attitude are among the highest predictors of the willingness of women to undergo cosmetic procedures together with many other factors. This study is the first of its kind to evaluate several unexplored motives and opens the door for future research. Level of Evidence V: This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) is known as a mental disorder in which a person suffers from concern and distress with the perceived defects in their appearance and subsequently can experience significant impairment in social, occupational, and interpersonal functioning. Various studies have reported different BDD prevalence rates in patients with cosmetic surgery. However, there has been no comprehensive study that has examined the results of these studies. Therefore, this study aims to determine BDD prevalence in individuals requesting cosmetic surgery in a systematic review and meta-analysis. In this review study, a search was conducted in national and international databases of Cochrane, Embase, ScienceDirect, Scopus, PubMed, and Web of Science (WoS) between 1878 and January 2020. A random-effects model was used to analyze the data, and heterogeneity of studies was examined with the I2 index. Data analysis was done using comprehensive meta-analysis (Version 2). BDD prevalence in individuals requesting cosmetic surgery in 48 articles with a sample size of 14,913 was 19.2% (95% CI: 15.8–23%). Regarding heterogeneity based on meta-regression, a significant difference between the sample size (p <0.001) and BDD prevalence in patients with cosmetic surgery was observed. The results of this study showed that BDD prevalence in individuals requesting cosmetic surgery is high. Therefore, with the provision of feedback at hospitals, appropriate interventions, such as pre-screening for body image disturbance, should be mandated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Physical attacks, including passive Side-Channel Analysis and active Fault Injection Analysis, are considered among the most powerful threats against physical cryptographic implementations. These attacks are well known and research provides many specialized countermeasures to protect cryptographic implementations against them. Still, only a limited number of combined countermeasures, i.e., countermeasures that protect implementations against multiple attacks simultaneously, were proposed in the past. Due to increasing complexity and reciprocal effects, design of efficient and reliable combined countermeasures requires longstanding expertise in hardware design and security. With the help of formal security specifications and adversary models, automated verification can streamline development cycles, increase quality, and facilitate development of robust cryptographic implementations. In this work, we revise and refine formal security notions for combined protection mechanisms and specifically embed them in the context of hardware implementations. Based on this, we present the first automated verification framework that can verify physical security properties of hardware circuits with respect to combined physical attacks. To this end, we conduct several case studies to demonstrate the capabilities and advantages of our framework, analyzing secure building blocks (gadgets), S-boxes build from Toffoli gates, and the ParTI scheme. For the first time, we reveal security flaws in analyzed structures due to reciprocal effects, highlighting the importance of continuously integrating security verification into modern design and development cycles.

The present study reports the development and application of a flow injection analysis (FIA) system for the simultaneous determination of uric acid (UA) and caffeine (CAF) using cathodically pretreated boron-doped diamond electrode (CPT-BDD) and multiple-pulse amperometry (MPA). The electrochemical profiles of UA and CAF were analyzed via cyclic voltammetry in the potential range of 0.20–1.7 V using 0.10 mol L−1 H2SO4 solution as supporting electrolyte. Under optimized conditions, two oxidation peaks at potentials of 0.80 V (UA) and 1.4 V (CAF) were observed; the application of these potentials using multiple-pulse amperometry yielded concentration linear ranges of 5.0 × 10−8–2.2 × 10−5 mol L−1 (UA) and 5.0 × 10−8–1.9 × 10−5 mol L−1 (CAF) and limits of detection of 1.1 × 10−8 and 1.3 × 10−8 mol L−1 for UA and CAF, respectively. The proposed method exhibited good repeatability and stability, and no interference was detected in the electrochemical signals of UA and CAF in the presence of glucose, NaCl, KH2PO4, CaCl2, urea, Pb, Ni, and Cd. The application of the FIA-MPA method for the analysis of environmental samples resulted in recovery rates ranging between 98 and 104%. The results obtained showed that the BDD sensor exhibited a good analytical performance when applied for CAF and UA determination, especially when compared to other sensors reported in the literature.

The presence of heavy metals in craft beers can endanger human health if the total metal content exceeds the exposure limits recommended by sanitary standards; in addition, they can cause damage to the quality of the beer. In this work, the concentration of Cd(II), Cu(II), and Fe(III) was determined in 13 brands of craft beer with the highest consumption in Quito, Ecuador, by differential pulse anodic stripping voltammetry (DPASV), using as boron-doped diamond (BDD) working electrode. The BDD electrode used has favorable morphological and electrochemical properties for the detection of metals such as Cd(II), Cu(II), and Fe(III). A granular morphology with microcrystals with an average size between 300 and 2000 nm could be verified for the BDD electrode using a scanning electron microscope. Double layer capacitance of the BDD electrode was 0.01412 μF cm−2, a relatively low value; Ipox/Ipred ratios were 0.99 for the potassium ferro-ferricyanide system in BDD, demonstrating that the redox process is quasi-reversible. The figures of merit for Cd(II), Cu(II), and Fe(III) were; DL of 6.31, 1.76, and 1.72 μg L−1; QL of 21.04, 5.87, and 5.72 μg L−1, repeatability of 1.06, 2.43, and 1.34%, reproducibility of 1.61, 2.94, and 1.83% and percentage of recovery of 98.18, 91.68, and 91.68%, respectively. It is concluded that the DPASV method on BDD has acceptable precision and accuracy for the quantification of Cd(II), Cu(II), and Fe(III), and it was verified that some beers did not comply with the permissible limits of food standards.

In individuals with body dysmorphic disorder (BDD), perceptual appearance distortions may be related to imbalances in global vs. local visual processing. Understanding the mechanistic brain effects of potential interventions is crucial for rational treatment development. The dorsal visual stream (DVS) is tuned to rapid image presentation, facilitating global/holistic processing, whereas the ventral visual stream (VVS), responsible for local/detailed processing, reduces activation magnitude with shorter stimulus duration. This study tested a strategy of rapid, short-duration face presentation on visual system connectivity. Thirty-eight unmedicated adults with BDD and 29 healthy controls viewed photographs of their faces for short (125 ms, 250 ms, 500 ms) and long (3000 ms) durations during fMRI scan. Dynamic effective connectivity in DVS and VVS was analyzed. BDD individuals exhibited weaker connectivity from occipital to parietal DVS areas than controls for all stimuli durations. Short compared with long viewing durations (125 ms vs. 3,000 ms and 500 ms vs. 3,000 ms) resulted in significantly weaker VVS connectivity from calcarine cortex to inferior occipital gyri in controls; however, there was only a trend for similar results in BDD. The DVS to VVS ratio, representing a balance between global and local processing, incrementally increased with shorter viewing durations in BDD, although it was not statistically significant. In sum, visual systems in those with BDD are not as responsive as in controls to rapid face presentation. Whether rapid face presentation could reduce connectivity in visual systems responsible for local/detailed processing in BDD may necessitate different parameters or strategies. These results provide mechanistic insights for perceptual retraining treatment designs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]