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Background: The sodium may aggravate synovial inflammation and cartilage thinning. This incidence can cause joint pain and reduce functional activity. Not many people know the effect of sodium on the incidence of OA. Objective: This study aims to determine the relationship between sodium in the body and knee joint pain which results in functional activity. Methods: The quantitative descriptive study used accidental sampling. The study was conducted at three outpatient polyclinic orthopedics of hospitals and was approved by the Health Ethics Committee. All data were collected during the interview. The Semi-Quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire (SQ-FFQ) and the Nutrisurvey Indonesia 2007 application were used as a tool to collect daily sodium intake (mg). Knee joint pain score was measured using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) while functional body activity was measured using the Western Ontario McMaster Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC). The Pearson and Spearman test (p

Background: Osteoporosis is an increasing health problem in Indonesia. Fractures that occur in the spine and pelvis are considered to be the most common fracture sites for osteoporosis. Aim: to determine the differences in bone mineral density values in postmenopausal women with fracture and non-fracture. Methods: Survey was carried out in postmenopausal female patients with fractures and without fractures who were included in the inclusion criteria with a case-control study approach and had bone mass density data. For the group of cases with fracture, the amount of vertebral compression was measured using Gennant's measurement criteria. Interviews were conducted regarding the characteristics of patients with and without fracture. The differences in BMD values ​​were analyzed in postmenpausal female patients with fracture and without fracture by using unpaired T test on normal data distribution and Mann-Whitney test on abnormal data distribution. The measured BMD value is the T-score. The analysis result was considered significant if p 0.5). Conclusion: BMD L4 and femoral neck values ​​differ significantly in female patients with postmenopausal osteopenia with fracture and non-fracture.

Background: Many factors can cause changes in bone mass density (BMD) in women with postmenopausal osteopenia. Aim: Determine factors associated with changes in BMD in postmenopausal women with osteopenia with the most influential risk factors within 1 year.Methods: Survey was conducted on 38 patients who were included in the inclusion criteria with a cross-sectional study analysis and had BMD data for the last 2 years, body mass index, and conducted interviews for physical activity, age of menopause, and duration of menopause. Blood samples were also taken to check total calcium levels, vitamin D levels and estrogen levels. Finally, patients are followed for up to 1 week for daily nutrition records. The relationship between these factors and changes in BMD was analyzed using Pearson's or Spearman's test. The analysis result was considered significant if p 0.05. However, there was a significant relationship between menopause onset and changes in ward mass density (r = 0,321, p = 0,04) and lumbal 1 (r = 0,333, p = 0,04), serum vitamin D levels and changes in great trochanter mass density (r = 0,336, p = 0,036), physical activity score and changes in ward mass density (r = -0,522, p < 0,01).Conclusion: Â menopause onset, vitamin D and physical activity are significantly associated with changes in BMD in female patients with postmenopausal osteopenia.