8 results on '"Banas, K."'
Search Results
2. The potential of accelerator-based techniques as an analytical tool for forensics: The case of coffee
- Author
-
Chytry, P, Souza, G M S, Debastiani, R, Dos Santos, C E I, Antoine, J M R, Banas, A, Banas, K, Calcagnile, L, Chiari, M, Hajdas, I, Molnar, M, Pelicon, P, Pessoa Barradas, N, Quarta, G, Romolo, F S, Simon, A, Dias, J F, Chytry, P, Souza, G M S, Debastiani, R, Dos Santos, C E I, Antoine, J M R, Banas, A, Banas, K, Calcagnile, L, Chiari, M, Hajdas, I, Molnar, M, Pelicon, P, Pessoa Barradas, N, Quarta, G, Romolo, F S, Simon, A, and Dias, J F
- Subjects
AMS-14C ,Coffee ,Mass Spectrometry ,Pathology and Forensic Medicine ,Trace Elements ,Forensic science ,FTIR ,PIXE ,Settore MED/43 - Medicina Legale ,Drug Contamination ,Law ,Brazil - Abstract
We discuss how different accelerator-based techniques can be employed synergistically as a powerful analytical tool for forensic studies of foodstuff. Brazilian and Jamaican coffees were chosen as a showcase due to its popularity and potential risk of adulteration and/or falsification. Comprehensive characterization of major and trace elements, age since production and compound contents were achieved using different techniques, including PIXE (Particle-Induced X-ray Emission), FTIR (Fourier Transform Infrared), and AMS -C-14 (Accelerator Mass Spectrometry - Radiocarbon Analysis). While PIXE provides information on the elements present in the samples, FTIR probes the types of compounds through their vibrational spectra. Finally, AMS -C-14 is capable of dating organic samples regarding their harvesting time. Five different la-boratories from research institutions around the world took part in the experiments. The integration of the results obtained with different techniques provided multifaceted perspectives on the coffee under study, thus allowing a direct assessment of the material for forensic purposes such as authentication, determi-nation of provenance, and combat counterfeiting.(C) 2022 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
- Published
- 2021
3. How conceptualizing obesity as a disease affects beliefs about weight, and associated weight stigma and clinical decision-making in health care.
- Author
-
Rathbone JA, Cruwys T, Jetten J, Banas K, Smyth L, and Murray K
- Subjects
- Humans, Health Promotion, Clinical Decision-Making, Obesity therapy, Delivery of Health Care, Weight Prejudice, Migraine Disorders therapy
- Abstract
Objectives: This study empirically investigated how conceptualizing obesity as a disease (i.e., pathologizing obesity) affects beliefs about weight, and weight stigma and discrimination among health professionals., Design: An experiment that manipulated the pathologization of obesity was completed by a multi-nation sample of health professionals from Australia, UK, and USA (N = 365)., Methods: Participants were randomly assigned to one of two conditions where they were asked to conceptualize obesity as a disease or not a disease; then presented with a hypothetical medical profile of a patient with obesity who was seeking care for migraines. We measured biogenetic causal beliefs about obesity, endorsement of weight as a heuristic for health, negative obesity stereotypes, and treatment decisions., Results: Participants in the disease (vs. non-disease) condition endorsed biogenetic causal beliefs more strongly and made more migraine-related treatment recommendations. No effect of the manipulation was found for the remaining outcomes. Biogenetic causal beliefs about obesity were associated with less weight stigma. Endorsing weight as a heuristic for health was associated with greater weight stigma and differential treatment recommendations focused more on the patient's weight and less on their migraines., Conclusions: Pathologizing obesity may reinforce biogenetic explanations for obesity. Evidence demonstrates complex associations between weight-related beliefs and weight stigma and discrimination. Biogenetic causal beliefs were associated with less weight stigma, while endorsing weight as a heuristic for health was associated with greater weight stigma and differential treatment. Further research is needed to inform policies that can promote health without perpetuating weight-based rejection in health care., (© 2022 The Authors. British Journal of Health Psychology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of British Psychological Society.)
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Classification of the Residues after High and Low Order Explosions Using Machine Learning Techniques on Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) Spectra.
- Author
-
Banas AM, Banas K, and Breese MBH
- Abstract
Forensic science is a field that requires precise and reliable methods for the detection and analysis of evidence. One such method is Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, which provides high sensitivity and selectivity in the detection of samples. In this study, the use of FTIR spectroscopy and statistical multivariate analysis to identify high explosive (HE) materials (C-4, TNT, and PETN) in the residues after high- and low-order explosions is demonstrated. Additionally, a detailed description of the data pre-treatment process and the use of various machine learning classification techniques to achieve successful identification is also provided. The best results were obtained with the hybrid LDA-PCA technique, which was implemented using the R environment, a code-driven open-source platform that promotes reproducibility and transparency.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. Comparison of ATR-FTIR and O-PTIR Imaging Techniques for the Characterisation of Zinc-Type Degradation Products in a Paint Cross-Section.
- Author
-
Chua L, Banas A, and Banas K
- Subjects
- Lactates, Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared methods, Zinc, Paint analysis, Soaps
- Abstract
ATR-FTIR (attenuated total reflection-Fourier-transform infrared) microscopy with imaging is widely used in the heritage field to characterise complex compositions of paint cross-sections. However, some limitations include the need for ATR crystal contact with the sample and the inability to resolve particle size below the IR diffraction limit. Recently, a novel O-PTIR (optical-photothermal infrared) spectroscopy technique claimed to open a new avenue for non-invasive, efficient, and reliable analysis at sub-micron resolution. O-PTIR produces transmission-like FTIR spectra for interpretation, without the need to touch the sample, which are highly favourable attributes for analysing heritage samples. This paper reports the comparison of O-PTIR and ATR-FTIR techniques applied to a cross-section embedding a thin paint fragment that delaminated from a late 19th to early 20th-century oil portrait. The hazy paint fragment consisted of zinc soaps (both crystalline and amorphous), gordaite (NaZn
4 Cl(OH)6 SO4 ·6H2 O), and zinc lactate, that could not all be well-resolved with ATR-FTIR imaging. With O-PTIR analysis, the degradation compounds could be resolved at sub-micron resolution with an equivalent or better signal-to-noise ratio. This case study shows how the two techniques can be used to obtain comprehensive information at a broad level with ATR-FTIR and a detailed level with O-PTIR.- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. Emerging nuclear methods for historical painting authentication: AMS- 14 C dating, MeV-SIMS and O-PTIR imaging, global IBA, differential-PIXE and full-field PIXE mapping.
- Author
-
Calligaro T, Banas A, Banas K, Radović IB, Brajković M, Chiari M, Forss AM, Hajdas I, Krmpotić M, Mazzinghi A, Menart E, Mizohata K, Oinonen M, Pichon L, Raisanen J, Siketić Z, Šmit Ž, and Simon A
- Subjects
- Ions, Mass Spectrometry, Paint analysis, X-Rays, Paintings
- Abstract
There is a considerable interest in developing new analytical tools to fight the illicit trafficking of heritage goods and particularly of easel paintings, whose high market values attract an ever-increasing volume of criminal activities. The objective is to combat the illicit traffic of smuggled or forged paintworks and to prevent the acquisition of fakes or looted artefacts in public collections. Authentication can be addressed using various investigation techniques, such as absolute dating, materials characterization, alteration phenomena, etc.; for paintings this remains a challenging task due to the complexity of the materials (paint layers, ground, varnish, canvas, etc.) and preferable use of non-destructive methods. This paper outlines results from concerted action on detecting forged works of art within the framework of a Coordinated Research Project of the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) called Enhancing Nuclear Analytical Techniques to Meet the Needs of Forensic Sciences
1 . One of the main objectives is to foster the use of emerging Nuclear Analytical Techniques (NAT) using particle accelerators for authentication of paintings, with potential application to other forensics domains, by highlighting their ability to determine painting authenticity and to track restorations or anachronistic clues. The various materials comprising a test painting were investigated using an array of NAT. Binder, canvas and support were directly dated by14 C using Accelerator Mass Spectrometry (14C-AMS); binder and pigments' molecular composition was determined using Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry with MeV ions (MeV-SIMS); paint layer composition and stratigraphy were accurately determined using Ion Beam Analysis (IBA) and differential Particle-Induced X-ray Emission (PIXE); and pigment spatial distributions were mapped using full-field PIXE. High resolution Optical Photothermal Infrared Spectroscopy (O-PTIR) molecular imaging was also exploited. Obtained results are presented and discussed. It is shown that the combination of the above-mentioned techniques allowed reconstructing the history of the test painting., (Copyright © 2022. Published by Elsevier B.V.)- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. Exon skipping induced by CRISPR-directed gene editing regulates the response to chemotherapy in non-small cell lung carcinoma cells.
- Author
-
Banas K, Modarai S, Rivera-Torres N, Yoo BC, Bialk PA, Barrett C, Batish M, and Kmiec EB
- Subjects
- Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats genetics, Exons genetics, Gene Editing, Humans, NF-E2-Related Factor 2 genetics, Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung genetics, Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung therapy, Lung Neoplasms genetics, Lung Neoplasms therapy
- Abstract
We have been developing CRISPR-directed gene editing as an augmentative therapy for the treatment of non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) by genetic disruption of Nuclear Factor Erythroid 2-Related Factor 2 (NRF2). NRF2 promotes tumor cell survival in response to therapeutic intervention and thus its disablement should restore or enhance effective drug action. Here, we report how NRF2 disruption leads to collateral damage in the form of CRISPR-mediated exon skipping. Heterogeneous populations of transcripts and truncated proteins produce a variable response to chemotherapy, dependent on which functional domain is missing. We identify and characterize predicted and unpredicted transcript populations and discover that several types of transcripts arise through exon skipping; wherein one or two NRF2 exons are missing. In one specific case, the presence or absence of a single nucleotide determines whether an exon is skipped or not by reorganizing Exonic Splicing Enhancers (ESEs). We isolate and characterize the diversity of clones induced by CRISPR activity in a NSCLC tumor cell population, a critical and often overlooked genetic byproduct of this exciting technology. Finally, gRNAs must be designed with care to avoid altering gene expression patterns that can account for variable responses to solid tumor therapy., (© 2022. The Author(s).)
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. Comparing infrared spectroscopic methods for the characterization of Plasmodium falciparum-infected human erythrocytes.
- Author
-
Banas AM, Banas K, Chu TTT, Naidu R, Hutchinson PE, Agrawal R, Lo MKF, Kansiz M, Roy A, Chandramohanadas R, and Breese MBH
- Abstract
Malaria, caused by parasites of the species Plasmodium, is among the major life-threatening diseases to afflict humanity. The infectious cycle of Plasmodium is very complex involving distinct life stages and transitions characterized by cellular and molecular alterations. Therefore, novel single-cell technologies are warranted to extract details pertinent to Plasmodium-host cell interactions and underpinning biological transformations. Herein, we tested two emerging spectroscopic approaches: (a) Optical Photothermal Infrared spectroscopy and (b) Atomic Force Microscopy combined with infrared spectroscopy in contrast to (c) Fourier Transform InfraRed microspectroscopy, to investigate Plasmodium-infected erythrocytes. Chemical spatial distributions of selected bands and spectra captured using the three modalities for major macromolecules together with advantages and limitations of each method is presented here. These results indicate that O-PTIR and AFM-IR techniques can be explored for extracting sub-micron resolution molecular signatures within heterogeneous and dynamic samples such as Plasmodium-infected human RBCs., (© 2021. The Author(s).)
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
Catalog
Discovery Service for Jio Institute Digital Library
For full access to our library's resources, please sign in.