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The features of the expression and perception of vocal expressions as one of the forming multimodal affective states of a person are studied. The experiment, designed on the basis of the Russian-language version of the Geneva Emotion Recognition Test (GERT), involved two groups of women aged 18-45, 72 women each. One group was shown audio-video clips of 14 affective states, lasting 3-5 seconds, played by 10 professional actors according to the Stanislavsky system. The other group was presented with audio clips extracted from the same clips through headphones. It was demanded to recognize the state of the actors using an interactive image of the Geneva Emotion Wheel. It is shown that vocal expressions differ from the corresponding multimodal states by a low average accuracy of expression and identification, a different configuration and a high spread of estimates, a closer dependence on the degree of arousal, individual ways of expression and a fuzzy extended structure of categorical fields. The range of possibilities that vocal expressions have, ready to be included in cross-modal integrations, is indicated.

Comparative data on changes in structure and length of the spawning run for chum salmon, cherry salmon and pink salmon in the rivers of the northern part of Primorsky Territory are presented for 1998–2022. Appearance of new seasonal groups is noted for all these species. Length of the periods of spawning has become longer.

The work is aimed at considering the influence of modern special training programs in virtual reality (VR) on personality anxiety in adolescence. Materials of empirical research obtained on a sample of students of 2-4 courses of Moscow and Smolensk universities are presented. Respondents aged from 19 to 24 years old participated in the study 1 (N=15) (using the training VR environment with a first-person avatar) and 2 (N=24) (using the training VR program with an anthropomorphic avatar (female) (third-person). To diagnose anxiety we used methods: Spielberger-Hanin Self-Assessment Anxiety Test, A.T. Beck Anxiety Scale. A single-factor experimental design with independent groups was used; dependent variables were different types of anxiety, independent variables were the parameters of subjects' work with the training VR-program of high immersiveness. The results show that the high level training VR environment has a significant effect on anxiety reduction. Both personal and situational anxiety, as well as the general level of anxiety, decreased. In the control samples, either anxiety decreases, but at a much lower level, or no change occurs. Psychosemantic analysis of consciousness indicates changes not only in the conscious plan (connections between connotative meanings), but also in unconscious attitudes about one's anxiety state (manifested in the triad of depression: decreased mood, ideomotor and motor retardation). In general, VR programs with avatars should be considered as effective technologies and means of changing functional personality properties, in particular anxiety.

The article analyzes the sea trawl surveys on pink salmon and their interrelation with the values of pink salmon returns to the main spawning water bodies of the Bering and Okhotsk Seas. According to the fall trawl surveys in the Bering and Okhotsk Seas, the number of juvenile pink salmon was 1.05 and 2.10 billion, respectively. These estimates supposed return of 200 mln pink salmon in 2021 in the Bering Sea (catch — 160–180 thousand tons, 50 mln — pass to spawning groungs), 200–270 mln in the Sea of Okhotsk (catch in the western Kamchatka — 200– 250 thousand tons, 50 mln — pass), Mainland coast of the Sea of Okhotsk — 20–30 thousand tons, 13 mln — pass, eastern Sakhalin and Kurils — 20–25 thousand tons, 5–10 mln — pass). Results of summer trawl surveys of prenadromous pink salmon showed high level winter survival and confirmed earlier returns estimations. The actual pink salmon catch in the Sea of Okhotsk and Bering Sea basins of the Far East was 424.000 tons, which was close to the overall average forecasted catch of 418.000 tons. The Pacific salmon catch in the TINRO area of responsibility (Primorsky Krai and Chukotka AD) was 5.711 thousand tons (5.496 thousand tons — Chukotka AD, 0.215 thousand tons — Primorsky Krai).

The patterns of perception of a part and a whole of multimodal emotional dynamic states of people unfamiliar to observers are studied. Audio-video clips of fourteen key emotional states expressed by specially trained actors were randomly presented to two groups of observers. In one group (N=96, average age — 34, SD — 9.4l.), each audio—video image was shown in full, in the other (N=78, average age — 25, SD — 9.6l.), it was divided into two parts of equal duration from the beginning to the conditional middle (short phonetic pause) and from the middle to the end of the exposure. The stimulus material contained facial expressions, gestures, head and eye movements, changes in the position of the body of the sitters, who voiced pseudolinguistic statements accompanied by affective intonations. The accuracy of identification and the structure of categorical fields were evaluated depending on the modality and form (whole/part) of the exposure of affective states. After the exposure of each audio-video image from the presented list of emotions, observers were required to choose the one that best corresponds to what they saw. According to the data obtained, the accuracy of identifying the emotions of the initial and final fragments of audio-video images practically coincide, but significantly less than with full exposure. Functional differences in the perception of fragmented audio-video images of the same emotional states are revealed. The modes of transitions from the initial stage to the final one and the conditions affecting the relative speed of the perceptual process are shown. The uneven formation of the information basis of multimodal expressions and the heterochronous perceptogenesis of emotional states of actors are demonstrated.

The observers’ ideas about the value orientations of visual communicants were experimentally studied. The subjects were sequentially presented in random order with the faces of people depicted in photographs and artistic portraits. It was required, on the basis of a list of terminal and instrumental value orientations (M. Rokeach), first to evaluate one’s own beliefs, then the demonstrated characters. It is shown that the integral profiles of value ideas about personalities depicted in portraits and photos are well matched, have a similar structure and similar scores. The beliefs of characters in portraits are statistically higher than those in photographs. The effect is preserved when the values are differentiated by categories. Significant differences were obtained in relation to the following values: terminal values — Cognition, Mature love, Material wellbeing, Beauty, Happy family life, Pleasures; instrumental — Goodupbringing, Education, Diligence, Tolerance, Sensitivity, Cheerfulness. The observers’ ideas about their own values differ significantly from the value orientations of the depicted people and have little effect on their assessments.

As a rule, gender differences in the perception of human emotional states are studied on the basis of static pictures of face, gestures or poses. The dynamics and multiplicity of the emotion expression remain in the «blind zone». This work is aimed at finding relationships in the perception of the procedural characteristics of the emotion expression. The influence of gender and age on the identification of human emotional states is experimentally investigated in ecologically and socially valid situations. The experiments were based on the Russian-language version of the Geneva Emotion Recognition Test (GERT).83 audio-video clips of fourteen emotional states expressed by ten specially trained professional actors (five men and five women, average age 37 years) were randomly demonstrated to Russian participants (48 women and 48 men, Europeans, ages ranged from 20 to 62 years, with a mean age of 34 (SD = 9,4).It is shown that women recognize multimodal dynamic emotions more accurately, especially those which were expressed by women. Gender and age differences in identification accuracy are statistically significant for five emotions: joy, amusement, irritation, anger, and surprise. On women’s faces, joy, surprise, irritation and anger are more accurately recognized by women over 35 years of age (p

This article examines the changes in mental states and personality creativity when working with short-term virtual reality. This is part of comprehensive research on personality (and mental in general) changes in didactic and training VR programs. The first part of the work was aimed at examining the influence of modern didactic programs in virtual reality (VR) on mental states in adolescence. The materials of empirical research obtained on a sample of 1—2-year students of the Moscow State University of Psychology and Education and SmolSU are presented. In study 1 (N = 73) (with a highly immersive VR program) and 2 (N = 46) (using a didactic VR environment of low immersion), respondents aged 19 to 26 took part. We used the «Actual state» methodology by L.V. Kulikova, «Assessment of Mood», didactic VR programs are used as instructive independent variables. The results obtained indicate that the didactic VR environment of the highest level may has a significant effect on mental states, increasing indicators on the scales of activation, excitement, tone, euphoria, and reducing asthenia indicators. Conditions such as well-being, normal mood, calmness remain stable in immersive didactic VR. In the control sample, in a less immersive VR-environment, statistically significant changes in indicators — tone, excitement, well-being were not revealed. The second part of the research, which examines the effect of higher-level VR programs on creativity, was carried out using a similar mixed factorial design with one independent variable. Johnson’s questionnaire, Torrance and Rorschach tests were used to diagnose creativity. In the experimental group (with vive helmets), in the parameters of all three tests, significant differences were diagnosed according to the Wilcoxon criterion of no less than 95%. In the control group, where the subjects worked with the same program («Surfaces of the second order») on ordinary monitors, the significance of the changes was confirmed by the method of Johnson and Torrance by the Wilcoxon test, by the G test «in Torrance», the changes were not reliable, by «Rorschach», by the two criteria, the changes were not reliable. In general, the results showed that the higher immersiveness of even short didactic VR programs promotes greater changes in creativity. The effectiveness of VR programs in influencing mental states and creativity is determined by the successful modeling of 3D objects, high animation, interactivity, originally incorporated into the content of higher level VR. Changes in creativity in VR, along with changes in cognitive processes, personal parameters (motivation, abilities, focus, consciousness), mental states are considered as an indicator of the presence and specificity of VR ontology.