23 results on '"Blaiotta, Giuseppe"'
Search Results
2. Production of butyric acid by different strains of Lactobacillus plantarum (Lactiplantibacillus plantarum)
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Aiello, Alessandra, Pizzolongo, Fabiana, De Luca, Lucia, Blaiotta, Giuseppe, Aponte, Maria, Addeo, Francesco, and Romano, Raffaele
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- 2023
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3. Probiotic bacilli incorporation in foods: is really so easy?
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Blaiotta, Giuseppe, De Sena, Maria, De Girolamo, Fiorella, Aponte, Maria, and Romano, Raffaele
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- 2023
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4. A New Wound-Healing Tool Based on Glycyrrhiza glabra Extract-Loaded Ufasomes on Spanish Broom Dressings.
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Rossello, Simone, Mandrone, Manuela, Cerchiara, Teresa, Chiocchio, Ilaria, Rossi, Martina, Chinnici, Fabio, Sallustio, Valentina, Aponte, Maria, Blaiotta, Giuseppe, Luppi, Barbara, Abruzzo, Angela, Bigucci, Federica, and Cappadone, Concettina
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LICORICE (Plant) ,WOUND healing ,BIOACTIVE compounds ,HEALING ,FIBROBLASTS - Abstract
The development of innovative products for restoring skin integrity and promoting wound healing is still a challenge. The aim of this work was to evaluate an innovative Spanish broom wound dressing impregnated with Glycyrrhiza glabra extract-loaded ufasomes to improve wound healing. Ufasomes were characterized in terms of size, polydispersity index, entrapment efficiency, zeta potential, and stability. In addition, in vitro release studies and biocompatibility, biosafety, and scratch tests on WS1 fibroblasts were performed. The loaded ufasomes showed a nanometric size (<250 nm), good size distribution (lower than 0.3), and appropriate encapsulation efficiency (~67%). Moreover, the lipid vesicles showed good stability during the storage period and allowed for a slow release of glycyrrhizin, the main bioactive compound of the extract. Biological studies revealed that loaded vesicles are not cytotoxic, are hemocompatible, and lead to the complete closure of the scratch after about 33 h. To conclude, the results suggest that the developed dressings can be efficiently used to promote the healing process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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5. Technological and Safety Characterization of Coagulase-Negative Staphylococci Isolated from Sardinian Fermented Sausage Made by Ovine Meat
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Mangia, Nicoletta P., primary, Cottu, Michele, additional, Aponte, Maria, additional, Murgia, Marco A., additional, Mura, Maria E., additional, and Blaiotta, Giuseppe, additional
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- 2024
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6. Copper (II) Level in Musts Affects Acetaldehyde Concentration, Phenolic Composition, and Chromatic Characteristics of Red and White Wines.
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Errichiello, Francesco, Picariello, Luigi, Forino, Martino, Blaiotta, Giuseppe, Petruzziello, Ernesto, Moio, Luigi, and Gambuti, Angelita
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WHITE wines ,RED wines ,COPPER ,ACETALDEHYDE ,COLOR of wine ,GRAPES - Abstract
Copper (II), a vital fungicide in organic viticulture, also acts as a wine oxidation catalyst. However, limited data are currently available on the impact that maximum allowed copper (II) ion doses in wine grapes at harvest can have on aged wine quality. This was the focus of the present study. We investigated the copper (II) effects by producing both white and red wines from musts containing three initial metal concentrations according to the limits set for organic farming. In detail, the influence of copper (II) on fermentation evolution, chromatic characteristics, and phenolic compounds was evaluated. Interestingly, the white wine obtained with the highest permitted copper (II) dose initially exceeded the concentration of 1.0 mg/L at fermentation completion. However, after one year of storage, the copper (II) content fell below 0.2 ± 0.01 mg/L. Conversely, red wines showed copper (II) levels below 1.0 mg/L at the end of fermentation, but the initial copper (II) level in musts significantly affected total native anthocyanins, color intensity, hue, and acetaldehyde concentration. After 12-month aging, significant differences were observed in polymeric pigments, thus suggesting a potential long-term effect of copper (II) on red wine color stability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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7. Provolone Del Monaco Cheese: One, None, or One Hundred Thousand?
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Aponte, Maria, primary, Scarano, Luigi, additional, Peruzy, Mariafrancesca, additional, Fallico, Vincenzo, additional, Blaiotta, Giuseppe, additional, Anastasio, Aniello, additional, and Murru, Nicoletta, additional
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- 2024
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8. Addition of Organic Acids to Base Wines: Impacts on the Technological Characteristics and the Foam Quality of Sparkling Wines
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Domizio, Paola, primary, Luciano, Alessandra, additional, Marino, Antigone, additional, Picariello, Luigi, additional, Forino, Martino, additional, Errichiello, Francesco, additional, Blaiotta, Giuseppe, additional, Moio, Luigi, additional, and Gambuti, Angelita, additional
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- 2023
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9. Genetic diversity and signature of divergence in the genome of grapevine clones of Southern Italy varieties
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Villano, Clizia, primary, Procino, Silvia, additional, Blaiotta, Giuseppe, additional, Carputo, Domenico, additional, D’Agostino, Nunzio, additional, Di Serio, Ermanno, additional, Fanelli, Valentina, additional, La Notte, Pierfederico, additional, Miazzi, Monica Marilena, additional, Montemurro, Cinzia, additional, Taranto, Francesca, additional, and Aversano, Riccardo, additional
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- 2023
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10. Isolation and Characterization of Cryotolerant Yeasts from Fiano di Avellino Grapes Fermented at Low Temperatures
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Petruzziello, Ernesto, primary, Blaiotta, Giuseppe, additional, Pittari, Elisabetta, additional, Piombino, Paola, additional, and Aponte, Maria, additional
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- 2023
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11. Impact of Two Commercial S. cerevisiae Strains on the Aroma Profiles of Different Regional Musts
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Patrignani, Francesca, primary, Siesto, Gabriella, additional, Gottardi, Davide, additional, Vigentini, Ileana, additional, Toffanin, Annita, additional, Englezos, Vasileios, additional, Blaiotta, Giuseppe, additional, Grieco, Francesco, additional, Lanciotti, Rosalba, additional, Speranza, Barbara, additional, Bevilacqua, Antonio, additional, and Romano, Patrizia, additional
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- 2022
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12. Late blowing defect in Grottone cheese: detection of clostridia and control strategies
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Peruzy, Maria Francesca, primary, Blaiotta, Giuseppe, additional, Aponte, Maria, additional, De Sena, Maria, additional, and Murru, Nicoletta, additional
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- 2022
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13. Development of a Wet-Granulated Sourdough Multiple Starter for Direct Use
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Blaiotta, Giuseppe, primary, Romano, Raffaele, additional, Trifuoggi, Marco, additional, Aponte, Maria, additional, and Miro, Agnese, additional
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- 2022
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14. Validation of a Standard Protocol to Assess the Fermentative and Chemical Properties of Saccharomyces cerevisiae Wine Strains
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Romano, Patrizia, primary, Siesto, Gabriella, additional, Capece, Angela, additional, Pietrafesa, Rocchina, additional, Lanciotti, Rosalba, additional, Patrignani, Francesca, additional, Granchi, Lisa, additional, Galli, Viola, additional, Bevilacqua, Antonio, additional, Campaniello, Daniela, additional, Spano, Giuseppe, additional, Caridi, Andrea, additional, Poiana, Marco, additional, Foschino, Roberto, additional, Vigentini, Ileana, additional, Blaiotta, Giuseppe, additional, Corich, Viviana, additional, Giacomini, Alessio, additional, Cardinali, Gianluigi, additional, Corte, Laura, additional, Toffanin, Annita, additional, Agnolucci, Monica, additional, Comitini, Francesca, additional, Ciani, Maurizio, additional, Mannazzu, Ilaria, additional, Budroni, Marilena, additional, Englezos, Vasileios, additional, Rantsiou, Kalliopi, additional, Iacumin, Lucilla, additional, Comi, Giuseppe, additional, Capozzi, Vittorio, additional, Grieco, Francesco, additional, and Tufariello, Maria, additional
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- 2022
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15. Clonal selection of wine yeasts with differential adsorption activities towards phenolics and ochratoxin A
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Caridi, Andrea, primary, Sidari, Rossana, additional, Pulvirenti, Andrea, additional, Blaiotta, Giuseppe, additional, and Ritieni, Alberto, additional
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- 2022
- Full Text
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16. Production of butyric acid by different strains of Lactobacillus plantarum (Lactiplantibacillus plantarum)
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Alessandra Aiello, Fabiana Pizzolongo, Lucia De Luca, Giuseppe Blaiotta, Maria Aponte, Francesco Addeo, Raffaele Romano, Aiello, Alessandra, Pizzolongo, Fabiana, De Luca, Lucia, Blaiotta, Giuseppe, Aponte, Maria, Addeo, Francesco, and Romano, Raffaele
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Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology ,Food Science - Abstract
The butyric acid content produced by three Lactobacillus plantarum (Lactiplantibacillus plantarum) strains (FP37, FP38 and FP48) deposited as probiotic strains was determined. The experimentation was carried out to evaluate whether the production of butyric acid was due to lipolytic activity for the presence of specific lipases or was related to the fermentation of saccharides. Therefore, the three strains were inoculated in different substrates with and without the addition of fat (tributyrin). The free butyric acid contents were determined by gas chromatography after distilling each culture medium. The results showed that butyric acid production occurred mainly in the substrates supplemented with fat and therefore it was linked to the activity of specific L. plantarum lipase. The L. plantarum FP48 strain produced the highest amount of butyric acid in fat substrates and could be a useful strain in the development of dairy products with functional properties.
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- 2023
17. Stuck or sluggish fermentations in home-made beers: Beyond the surface
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Maria Aponte, Francesco Esposito, Giuseppina Sequino, Giuseppe Blaiotta, Francesca De Filippis, Aponte, Maria, Esposito, Francesco, Sequino, Giuseppina, Blaiotta, Giuseppe, and DE FILIPPIS, Francesca
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Bacteria ,Ethanol ,Beer ,General Medicine ,Saccharomyces cerevisiae ,Microbiology ,Immunoglobulin A ,Enterobacteriaceae ,RNA, Ribosomal, 16S ,Fermentation ,Food Microbiology ,Maltose ,Food Science ,Homebrewing, Microbial characterization, Biogenic amines, High-throughput sequencing analysis, HPLC - Abstract
In the last several years, the popularity of homebrewed beers has skyrocketed. However, this type of product is extremely vulnerable to microbial deterioration. Twelve homemade beers, some characterized by defects or stuck fermentation, were analysed by using a polyphasic approach encompassing culturomics and culture-independent techniques to better understand mechanisms that drive microbiota evolution throughout production and to highlight determinants responsible for crowning with success. Two sour beers, one apple-flavoured ale, two Italian grape ales, and seven standard ales were sampled. Microbiological characterization was obtained by plating on nine different media coupled with High- throughput sequencing analysis of fungal and bacterial communities by targeting ITS1–2 and the V3–V4 re- gions of the 16S rRNA, respectively. 2 7 TotalmicrofloraonPCAlargelyvariedamongsamples,rangingfrom
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- 2022
18. Impact of Two Commercial S. cerevisiae Strains on the Aroma Profiles of Different Regional Musts
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Francesca Patrignani, Gabriella Siesto, Davide Gottardi, Ileana Vigentini, Annita Toffanin, Vasileios Englezos, Giuseppe Blaiotta, Francesco Grieco, Rosalba Lanciotti, Barbara Speranza, Antonio Bevilacqua, Patrizia Romano, Patrignani, Francesca, Siesto, Gabriella, Gottardi, Davide, Vigentini, Ileana, Toffanin, Annita, Englezos, Vasileio, Blaiotta, Giuseppe, Grieco, Francesco, Lanciotti, Rosalba, Speranza, Barbara, Bevilacqua, Antonio, and Romano, Patrizia
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interlaboratory scale fermentation ,olatile molecule profile ,Saccharomyces cerevisiae EC1118 ,S. cerevisiae AWRI796 ,regional grape musts ,volatile molecule profile ,volatile molecule profile, Saccharomyces cerevisiae EC1118, S. cerevisiae AWRI796, regional grape musts, interlaboratory scale fermentation ,regional grape must ,Settore AGR/16 - Microbiologia Agraria ,Food Science - Abstract
The present research is aimed at investigating the potential of two commercial Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains (EC1118 and AWRI796) to generate wine-specific volatile molecule fingerprinting in relation to the initial must applied. To eliminate the effects of all the process variables and obtain more reliable results, comparative fermentations on interlaboratory scale of five different regional red grape musts were carried out by five different research units (RUs). For this purpose, the two S. cerevisiae strains were inoculated separately at the same level and under the same operating conditions. The wines were analyzed by means of SPME-GC/MS. Quali-quantitative multivariate approaches (two-way joining, MANOVA and PCA) were used to explain the contribution of strain, must, and their interaction to the final wine volatile fingerprinting. Our results showed that the five wines analyzed for volatile compounds, although characterized by a specific aromatic profile, were mainly affected by the grape used, in interaction with the inoculated Saccharomyces strain. In particular, the AWRI796 strain generally exerted a greater influence on the aromatic component resulting in a higher level of alcohols and esters. This study highlighted that the variable strain could have a different weight, with some musts experiencing a different trend depending on the strain (i.e., Negroamaro or Magliocco musts).
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- 2022
19. Validation of a Standard Protocol to Assess the Fermentative and Chemical Properties of Saccharomyces cerevisiae Wine Strains
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Patrizia Romano, Gabriella Siesto, Angela Capece, Rocchina Pietrafesa, Rosalba Lanciotti, Francesca Patrignani, Lisa Granchi, Viola Galli, Antonio Bevilacqua, Daniela Campaniello, Giuseppe Spano, Andrea Caridi, Marco Poiana, Roberto Foschino, Ileana Vigentini, Giuseppe Blaiotta, Viviana Corich, Alessio Giacomini, Gianluigi Cardinali, Laura Corte, Annita Toffanin, Monica Agnolucci, Francesca Comitini, Maurizio Ciani, Ilaria Mannazzu, Marilena Budroni, Vasileios Englezos, Kalliopi Rantsiou, Lucilla Iacumin, Giuseppe Comi, Vittorio Capozzi, Francesco Grieco, Maria Tufariello, Romano, Patrizia, Siesto, Gabriella, Capece, Angela, Pietrafesa, Rocchina, Lanciotti, Rosalba, Patrignani, Francesca, Granchi, Lisa, Galli, Viola, Bevilacqua, Antonio, Campaniello, Daniela, Spano, Giuseppe, Caridi, Andrea, Poiana, Marco, Foschino, Roberto, Vigentini, Ileana, Blaiotta, Giuseppe, Corich, Viviana, Giacomini, Alessio, Cardinali, Gianluigi, Corte, Laura, Toffanin, Annita, Agnolucci, Monica, Comitini, Francesca, Ciani, Maurizio, Mannazzu, Ilaria, Budroni, Marilena, Englezos, Vasileo, Rantsiou, Kalliopi, Iacumin, Lucilla, Comi, Giuseppe, Capozzi, Vittorio, Grieco, Francesco, and Tufariello, Maria
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Microbiology (medical) ,validation ,Saccharomyces cerevisiaae ,inter-laboratory ,food and beverages ,intra-laboratory ,protocol, validation, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, inter-laboratory, intra-laboratory, wine ,protocol ,Saccharomyces cerevisiae ,wine ,Microbiology - Abstract
This paper reports on a common experiment performed by 17 Research Units of the Italian Group of Microbiology of Vine and Wine (GMVV), which belongs to the Scientific Society SIMTREA, with the aim to validate a protocol for the characterization of wine strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. For this purpose, two commercial S. cerevisiae strains (EC 1118 and AWRI796) were used to carry out inter-laboratory- scale comparative fermentations using both synthetic medium and grape musts and applying the same protocol to obtain reproducible, replicable, and statistically valid results. Ethanol yield, production of acetic acid, glycerol, higher alcohols, and other volatile compounds were assessed. Moreover, the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy was also applied to define the metabolomic fingerprint of yeast cells from each experimental trial. Data were standardized as unit of compounds or yield per gram of sugar (glucose and fructose) consumed throughout fermentation, and analyzed through parametric and non-parametric tests, and multivariate approaches (cluster Frontiers in Microbiology | www.frontiersin.org 1 February 2022 | Volume 13 | Article 830277 Romano et al. Wine S. cerevisiae Protocol Validation INTRODUCTION Saccharomyces cerevisiae is the predominant yeast species in winemaking. Due to its adaptability to the stressful conditions imposed by grape must fermentation, it easily competes with other yeasts and bacteria, and being the main actor of the transformation of grape must into wine, it is universally known as the “wine yeast.” In the last decades, a wide number of molecular and physiological studies demonstrated the high genotypic and phenotypic diversity of S. cerevisiae wine strains (Romano et al., 2008; Csoma et al., 2010; Mercado et al., 2011; Capece et al., 2013; Tristezza et al., 2013; Legras et al., 2018; Peter et al., 2018). This biodiversity is strictly associated with a significant high technological variability (Pretorius, 2000) and is of great importance for a successful strain selection and the development of new starters able to modulate the organoleptic quality of wine (Romano et al., 2003). Wild strains of S. cerevisiae are genetically and phenotypically distinguished from the selected commercial starter strains that are the result of selection programs (Peter et al., 2018; Pontes et al., 2020). In general, the commercial strains are characterized by high ethanol and low-pH tolerance, and they exhibit scarce production of aromatic compounds and low sporulation activity and biodiversity level (Duan et al., 2018; Kang et al., 2019). On the contrary, the wild strains, possessing high genotypic and phenotypic diversity, produce relatively high amounts of different secondary metabolites, thus offering considerable potential for utilization in industrial applications (Kang et al., 2019). Therefore, wild isolates from flowers and sugar-rich sources can lead to an aromatic profile characterized by specific volatile compounds capable of characterizing wine (Pontes et al., 2020; Alfonzo et al., 2021). As an example, wine fermentations using native wild strains obtained from oaks produce earthy and sulfurous organoleptic characteristics but intense of citrus and floral attributes (Hyma et al., 2011). Thus, although industrial yeast strains represent a fundamental tool for reproducing the final quality of table wines, their massive use is not recommended for traditional wines in which peculiar traits are desired (Spano et al., 2010; Capozzi and Spano, 2011). For these reasons, indigenous yeast starters, which are supposedly well adapted to a specific grape must and reflect the biodiversity of a particular “terroir” are more and more requested by winemakers (Bokulich et al., 2014; Gilbert et al., 2014; Feghali et al., 2020). Indeed, it is hypothesized that in different vitivinicultural regions, specific yeast strains are naturally selected and that they are able to exalt the sensorial and aromatic profile of wine produced in that area. In fact, Knight and Goddard (2015) showed that genetically differentiated population of S. cerevisiae in New Zealand had a different impact on wine quality due to the production of a different complex mix of chemicals. Setati et al. (2012), while studying the spatial distribution of fungal microbial communities within and between vineyards from the same “terroir” found higher yeast heterogeneity on grape samples collected at different points inside individual vineyards than between vineyards with very contrasting farming strategies. Thus, the myriad of microclimates occurring within each vineyard due to differential shading of grapes by leaves, and the aspect of each grape cluster, greatly affects the qualitative/quantitative composition of the vineyard-associated yeast microbiota. Bokulich et al. (2014) used a high-throughput short-amplicon sequencing approach to demonstrate that specific regional and grape-variety factors shape the biodiversity of fungal and bacterial consortia inhabiting wine-grape surfaces. Indeed, the microbial assemblages correlate with specific climatic features, and this suggests a link between vineyard environmental conditions and microbial residence patterns. Taken together, these findings reveal the importance of microbial populations for the regional identity of wine (Bokulich et al., 2016) and underline that the utilization of S. cerevisiae indigenous strain with selected traits is fundamental to modulate the final characteristics of the wine. The first step toward the attainment of indigenous S. cerevisiae wine starters is the clonal selection of the yeast strains associated with the wine-producing area of interest. Clonal selection is based on the evaluation of a number of phenotypic characteristics that are requested to guarantee the production of wines with peculiar sensorial properties. Traditionally, these are distinguished in technological and qualitative characteristics. Technological characteristics, such as fermentation power (ethanol production), analysis, two-way joining, and principal component analysis). The results of experiments carried out by using synthetic must showed that it was possible to gain comparable results from three different laboratories by using the same strains. Then, the use of the standardized protocol on different grape musts allowed pointing out the goodness and the reproducibility of the method; it showed the main traits of the two yeast strains and allowed reducing variability amongst independent batches (biological replicates) to acceptable levels. In conclusion, the findings of this collaborative study contributed to the validation of a protocol in a specific synthetic medium and in grape must and showed how data should be treated to gain reproducible and robust results, which could allow direct comparison of the experimental data obtained during the characterization of wine yeasts carried out by different research laboratories.
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- 2022
20. Clonal selection of wine yeasts with differential adsorption activities towards phenolics and ochratoxin A
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Andrea Caridi, Rossana Sidari, Andrea Pulvirenti, Giuseppe Blaiotta, Alberto Ritieni, Caridi, Andrea, Sidari, Rossana, Pulvirenti, Andrea, Blaiotta, Giuseppe, and Ritieni, Alberto
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Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology ,Adsorption, clonal selection ochratoxin A, phenolics, winemaking, yeasts ,Food Science ,Biotechnology - Abstract
To design a rapid, simple, and low-cost procedure for yeast selection with differential adsorption activities toward phenolics and ochratoxin A, 284 yeast strains were screened. This was done by evaluating the type of growth during grape must fermentation, acetic acid production on Chalk agar, H2S production on BiGGY agar, and spore-formation on acetate agar. After that initial step, 84 strains were pre-selected and further studied by Petri plate tests and to determine their wine-making ability in trials and evaluating their differential adsorption activities toward phenolics and ochratoxin A. Three yeast strains were selected based on the above evaluations. After confirming that they belonged to Saccharomyces cerevisiae species and were diploids, a spore clonal selection was performed. The strain Sc1741A_1D was selected and used in winemaking at six Calabrian wineries and found to be suitable as wine starter to improve quality and safety of red wines.
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- 2022
21. Late blowing defect in Grottone cheese: detection of clostridia and control strategies
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Maria Francesca Peruzy, Giuseppe Blaiotta, Maria Aponte, Maria De Sena, Nicoletta Murru, Peruzy, Maria Francesca, Blaiotta, Giuseppe, Aponte, Maria, DE SENA, Maria, and Murru, Nicoletta
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Grottone cheese, Late blowing defect, Clostridium spp., Antimicrobial compounds - Abstract
“Grottone” is a pasta filata hard cheese produced in Campania region from cow’s milk and characterized by holes formation due to CO2 development by Propionic Acid Bacteria. The contamination of raw milk with butyric acid-producing spore-forming clostridia represent a major concern for cheese producers since clostridia outgrowth may lead to the cheese late blowing defect during ripening. Detection of clostridial endospores in milk before processing and the use of antimicrobial compounds may represent an important control strategy. The present study is aimed to point out the most suitable procedure for the determination of clostridial spores in dairy samples, and to assess the inhibitory activity of several antimicrobial compounds against Cl. sporo- genes. Based on results, MPN counts on Bryant and Burkey medium and CFU on RCM proved to be the most suitable proto- cols for routine testing. By using these pro- cedures clostridial spores were detected in 10 out 13 milk samples and in all cheeses with late blowing defect. Within antimicro- bial compounds, sodium nitrate is still the best choice for preventing late blowing, nevertheless a protective culture of Lacticaseibacillus casei proved to be a promising alternative. Nevertheless, the use of this protective culture in six Grottone cheese productions carried out at farm level, led to unsatisfactory results. Holes’ devel- opment was hampered likely for an inhibi- tion of the PAB starter and the expected ‘Grouviera-type’ taste was not perceived by panellists. Based on results, the use of pro- tective cultures needs to be contextualized and interactions with starters needs to be evaluated case by case.
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- 2022
22. Stuck or sluggish fermentations in home-made beers: Beyond the surface.
- Author
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Aponte, Maria, Esposito, Francesco, Sequino, Giuseppina, Blaiotta, Giuseppe, and De Filippis, Francesca
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BIOGENIC amines , *ACETOBACTER , *BEER , *FERMENTATION , *NUCLEOTIDE sequencing , *BACTERIAL communities , *FUNGAL communities - Abstract
In the last several years, the popularity of homebrewed beers has skyrocketed. However, this type of product is extremely vulnerable to microbial deterioration. Twelve homemade beers, some characterized by defects or stuck fermentation, were analysed by using a polyphasic approach encompassing culturomics and culture-independent techniques to better understand mechanisms that drive microbiota evolution throughout production and to highlight determinants responsible for crowning with success. Two sour beers, one apple-flavoured ale, two Italian grape ales, and seven standard ales were sampled. Microbiological characterization was obtained by plating on nine different media coupled with High-throughput sequencing analysis of fungal and bacterial communities by targeting ITS1–2 and the V3–V4 regions of the 16S rRNA, respectively. Total microflora on PCA largely varied among samples, ranging from <102 CFU/mL up to around 107 CFU/mL often reflecting yeast counts on WL and LM. LAB population's levels on MRS and SDBm did not overlap, with the counts on the latter being even 5 Log CFU/mL greater. Acetic Acid bacteria were retrieved in Sour beers, as well as in one IGA, even though acetic acid was not detectable by HPLC in this last sample. Brettanomyces spp. were only found in sour beers, as expected, whereas Enterobacteriaceae were never counted. A total of 63 yeasts were randomly isolated from countable plates. Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Wickerhamomyces anomalus were the most frequently isolated species. In many cases, Interdelta analysis biotyping of S. cerevisiae isolates consistently allowed the detection of the starter strain. By HST S. cerevisiae dominated the mycobiota in four samples, even if in one of them residual maltose and ethanol contents suggested a stuck fermentation. W. anomalus was found to be the dominant species in two beers. Fifty-five LAB cultures were isolated and identified. Pediococcus damnosus was the only species retrieved in sour beers and two Ales, while Levilactobacillus brevis was found in two Ale samples. HTS did not confirm this result in one Ale sample since the genus Panotea spp. accounted for over 90 % of the microbiota. Enterobacteriaceae which were never counted dominated the microbiome of two Ale beers. Biogenic amines content largely varied with three Ale samples greatly contaminated. Based on chemical and microbiological outcomes only one beer ASAle out of 12 could be considered acceptable. Furthermore, the widespread presence of LAB by culturomics and Enterobacteriaceae by HTS raises concerns about the final products' safety. • Homemade beers (n. 12) characterized by interruptions in fermentation were analysed. • The microbial community was evaluated by cultures' identification as well as by HTS. • S. cerevisiae and Wickerhamomyces anomalus were the most frequently isolated yeasts. • Panotea spp. was detected by both culture-dependent and -independent approaches. • Consumers should be alerted about microbial risks potentially related to homebrewing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
23. Development of a Wet-Granulated Sourdough Multiple Starter for Direct Use
- Author
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Giuseppe Blaiotta, Raffaele Romano, Marco Trifuoggi, Maria Aponte, Agnese Miro, Blaiotta, Giuseppe, Romano, Raffaele, Trifuoggi, Marco, Aponte, Maria, and Miro, Agnese
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Health (social science) ,food and beverages ,Plant Science ,sourdough ,starter ,wet granulation ,volatile compounds ,GC/MS ,Health Professions (miscellaneous) ,Microbiology ,Food Science - Abstract
The search for sourdough starters for the direct production of baked goods with all the advantages of biological sourdough fermentation is still a crucial issue. In this study, 43 Lactic Acid Bacteria strains isolated from mature sourdoughs were evaluated for features of technological interest and tested for fermentation ability. Three microbial combinations were selected and used to produce bread. Based on GC-MS and sensory analysis, bread made by using the three combinations of strains was characterized by a more complex aroma profile with the prevalence of VOCs typical of sourdough bread. To set up the best way to keep microbial viability upon drying, the three combinations were subject to freeze-drying and wet granulation, with the latter being used for the first time for food starters’ stabilization. Wet granulation ensured optimal strains’ viability. Surprisingly, the height attained by mature sourdoughs when inoculated with wet granulated starters was constantly higher than the height reached by sourdoughs made with the same starters as fresh cells. The microbial combination E75-B72 exhibited the best performances and may represent a starter able to ensure sourdough bread production in 16 h of fermentation at 28 °C.
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- 2022
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