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Copyright of Jinekoloji-Obstetrik & Neonatoloji Tip Dergisi is the property of T.C. Saglik Bakanligi Ankara Sehir Hastanesi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective: Studies on preserving the Azygos vein (AV) in primary esophageal atresia (EA) repair and its effects on complications such as stenosis, anastomotic leakage, and fistula are gradually increasing. We aimed to evaluate cases with preserved AV during primary repair of EA with thoracotomy. Material and Methods: The demographic data, operation notes, and postoperative outcomes of primary EA repair cases with preserved AVs operated between 2016 and 2021 were evaluated from hospital records, retrospectively. Results: In 5 years, the AVs of 9 neonates with esophageal atresia + distal fistula were preserved in 6 males and 3 females. The mean birth weight was 2374 g. Four cases were preterm. Echocardiography revealed an Interatrial Septal Aneurysm in 1, Fallot's Tetralogy in 1, and a right aortic arch in 1 patient. The mean age at surgery was 4 days (1-8 days); all patients were operated through a right thoracodorsal incision by the same surgeon. Extra-pleural thoracotomies were completed as intrapleural in four patients. The oblique-oblique anastomosis was tension-free in all cases. Enteral feeding began on the 4th day by nasogastric tube. The median duration of intubation was 6.6 days (1-11 days). Chest tubes were removed on the 10th day (8-14th day). No patient had anastomotic leakage, detachment, or fistula recurrence. The median hospitalization duration was 23.2 days (10-32 days). Four patients underwent esophageal dilation. Conclusion: Postoperative anastomotic leakage, fistula, and stenosis increase mortality and morbidity in children undergoing EA repair. During primary repair, the preservation of AV, which significantly contributes to esophageal drainage, should be preferred unless it increases intraoperative risk. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The term infravesical obstruction is used for functional or anatomical disorders that are located distal to the bladder neck and cause disruption or interruption of urinary flow. Among these pathologies, the most common cause of urinary system obstruction in male newborns is the posterior urethral valve. In this study, it was aimed to review the diseases that may cause infravesical obstruction in children. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The diagnosis of congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) is usually straightforward. However, cases with right-sided CDH can be challenging. We report a case of a neonate with right-sided diaphragmatic hernia presenting with hydrothorax. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: We aimed to determine the behavioral attitudes and diagnostic/interventional characteristics of the patients relatives who applied to our polyclinic during the closure period of COVID-19 pandemic. Material and Methods: This prospective study was conducted between June and July 2020. All results were statistically analyzed. Results: Hundred and five (61.8%) male, 65 (38.2%) female patients who applied to our outpatient clinic. The median age was 2 years. A total of children came with their parents, and 99.4% were wearing masks. Although 93.5% of the parents were wearing their masks correctly. At least one of the additional protective outfits was used by 7.1% of parents. Forty (23.5%) parents adapted at least one of the health protective behaviors. About 52.4% of patients were not wearing masks; and 92.6% of masked people were wearing them correctly. Surgery was performed in 10.5% of the patients under general anesthesia. Conclusion: The use of masks in children of working mothers and elderly fathers was increased; and correct use of masks in children was affected by the father's professions. The use of additional health protective methods in patients in those who come by their own vehicle was decreased. In the rate of mask use as the child's age gets older, they were found to be statistically significant parameters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: Testicular tumors are rare in children and have a bimodal distribution. The first peak is at two years of age in boys and comprises mainly non-GCNIS derived tumors (pre-pubertal teratoma and yolk sac lesions). Here, the clinical features and treatment of testicular tumors in prepubertal children in our center are presented. Materials and Methods: The clinical records of those patients treated for testicular tumors younger than 18 years in our institution from January, 2006 to June, 2022 were reviewed retrospectively. Results: A total of 12 patients were included in this study. All of the patients were younger than 3 years, except for one patient, who was 8 years old. The median age at primary diagnosis was 17 months (1-107 months). The most common clinical presentation was testicular swelling (n=9). Three patients were diagnosed incidentally. Serum α-fetoprotein (AFP) was increased in 3 patients with yolk sac tumors (>1,000 ng/dL) and in one patient with mature cystic teratoma (1 month-old infant with an AFP concentration of 629 ng/dL). Preoperative β-hCG levels were normal in all patients (<1.2 mIU/mL). Of the 11 patients whose preoperative scrotal ultrasound could be obtained, 5 solid-cystic lesions, 3 cystic lesions, and 2 solid lesions were reported. Calcification was detected in 4 patients. All 4 patients with malignant tumors and 3 patients with benign tumors underwent radical inguinal orchiectomy. Of the 5 tumors removed by testis preserving surgery, 2 were mature teratomas, 2 were epidermoid cyst and 1 was a benign multi-cystic lesion. There was a patient with yolk sac tumor who died in the fifth month postoperatively while receiving chemotherapy. The remaining patients had no metastatic or local primary testicular tumor recurrence during a mean follow-up of 92 months (2-198 months). Conclusion: Most pre-pubertal tumors are benign and testicular sparing surgery can be performed in patients with negative serum tumor markers. Inguinal radical orchiectomy is sufficient in the treatment of yolk sac tumor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background. Meconium peritonitis occurs when meconium leaks into the peritoneal cavity as a result of intrauterine gastrointestinal perforation. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the results of newborn patients who were followed and treated due to intrauterine gastrointestinal perforation in the pediatric surgery clinic. Methods. All newborn patients who were followed up and treated for intrauterine gastrointestinal perforation in our clinic between December 2009-2021 were analyzed retrospectively. Newborns who had no congenital gastrointestinal perforation were not included in our study. The data were analyzed using NCSS (Number Cruncher Statistical System) 2020 Statistical Software. Results. Within twelve years, intrauterine gastrointestinal perforation was detected in 41 newborns, including 26 (63.4%) males, and 15 (36.6%) patients who were operated on in our pediatric surgery clinic. Surgical findings of 41 patients diagnosed with intrauterine gastrointestinal perforation revealed the presence of volvulus (n=21), meconium pseudocyst (n=18), jejunoileal atresia (n=17), malrotation-malfixation anomaly (n=6), volvulus due to internal hernia (n=6), Meckel's diverticulum (n=2), gastroschisis (n=2), perforated appendicitis (n=1), anal atresia (n=1), and gastric perforation (n=1). Eleven patients (26.8%) died. Total intubation time was significantly higher in deceased cases. Postoperatively, deceased cases passed their first stool significantly earlier than surviving newborns. Besides, ileal perforation was seen significantly more frequently in deceased cases. However, the frequency of jejunoileal atresia was significantly lower in the deceased patients. Conclusions. Although sepsis has been held primarily responsible for the deaths in these infants from past to present, insufficiency in lung capacity necessitating intubation negatively affects their survival. Early passage of stool is not always an indicator of good prognosis after the operation, and patients may die due to malnutrition and dehydration, even after they are discharged after feeding, defecating and having weight gain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Behcet Uz Children's Hospital is the property of Galenos Yayinevi Tic. LTD. STI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective: The most important indication for tracheotomy in children is long-term intubation due to cardiopulmonary and neurological diseases. Pediatric tracheostomy is associated with varying complication (10–58%) and mortality (0–3.6%) rates. Herein, we aimed to present the results of our 12 years of pediatric tracheostomy experience. Methods: This was a retrospective study of medical records of pediatric patients who underwent tracheostomy in our pediatric surgery department from 2009 to 2021. Results: During 12 years, 37 tracheostomies were performed in 17 (45.9%) males and 20 (54.1%) female children, and the median age was 5 months (min: 2 months–14 years). Emergency tracheostomy was performed in 8 (21.6%), while planned tracheostomy in 29 (78.4%). During the operation and early postoperative days, any medical problem was detected in 34 (91.9%) patients, while 2 (5.4%) neonates with tracheal atresia were lost in the first and second postoperative days. One patient was desaturated (2.7%) due to decannulation during the tracheostomy dressing; however, tracheostomy cannula was safely inserted again after intratracheal intubation. Two cannulas were removed; granulation tissue was formed in 1 case, and occlusion of the cannula was observed in 2 cases (one on the post-operative 2nd day, and the second one on the post-operative 10th day) as complications of tracheostomy. Twenty-three patients (62.2%) survived, and 14 (37.8%) patients died. Among the surviving patients, two tracheostomies were closed in a boy (with congenital diaphragmatic hernia), and in a girl (with esophageal atresia, distal tracheoesophageal fistula, severe tracheomalacia, and Fallot tetralogy), 3 years postoperatively. Conclusion: Pediatric tracheotomy can be successfully performed with minimal complication rates through appropriate surgical technique and adequate postoperative care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hydrometrocolpos is a pelvic cystic mass representing the distension of the vagina and uterus due to a lower genital tract obstruction causing accumulation of utero‐cervical‐vaginal secretions or urine in the vagina and endometrial cavity. Prenatal diagnosis is uncommon and differential diagnosis of the underlying etiologies is quite challenging in the prenatal period. We present three cases of female fetuses with hydrometrocolpos and discuss the prenatal differential diagnoses in the light of ultrasound findings along with postnatal diagnoses and outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Massive hemobilia, an acute life-threatening condition, remains a diagnostic challenge in pediatric patients due to its rarity. In this study, the difficulties encountered in the diagnosis and treatment of acute massive hemobilia and acute obstructive jaundice in a 3-year-old boy are discussed in the light of the literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Since acute appendicitis is a clinical condition that develops after inflammation of the appendix, changes in the markers related to infection are expected in the laboratory tests of these cases. In this study, it was aimed to determine the changes in C-reactive protein (CRP) and hemogram examinations taken before and after surgery in children with perforated appendicitis and even to determine the markers that could indicate appendix perforation. Material and Methods: This study was conducted in children with perforated appendicitis who were operated on in our pediatric surgery department in 2019. Only patients whose pre-operative and post-operative laboratory tests were performed in our hospital were included in the study. The demographic characteristics, pre-operative and post-operative (CRP, White blood cell [WBC], neutrophil, lymphocyte, mean platelet volume [MPV], and platelets [PLT]) values were analyzed retrospectively. Results: Only 69 of 141 children with perforated appendicitis who were operated on in 2019 had pre- and post-operative tests performed in our hospital. Of the 69 cases included in our study, 29 were female (40.1%) and 40 were male (59.9%). The median pre-operative values of CRP, WBC, neutrophil, lymphocyte, MPV, and PLT were 4.4 (0.2-21.66) mg/dL, 14.46 (5.27-32.6) 103/mm3, 10.03 (2.6-20.25) 103/mm3, 1.76 (0.17-8.69) 103/mm3, 8.7 (6.99-134) fL, and 280 (134-497) 103/mm3, respectively. The median values of CRP, WBC, Nötrofil, Lenfosit, MPV, and PLT on the 5th post-operative day were 3.8 (0.2-17.7) mg/dL, 11.39 (4.4-36.8) 103/mm3, 8.63 (2.12-22.02) 103/mm3, 1.75 (0.41-6.17) 103/mm3, 8.7(6.5-146) fL, and 286 (146-721) 103/mm3, respectively. The difference of CRP and WBC between pre- and post-operative values was found to be significant based on Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test (Non-parametric) (<0.05). Conclusion: Moderately high CRP and WBC values are important as an infection marker in the diagnosis of acute appendicitis. Similar to the literature, it has been shown that the CRP level, which was high before the operation, gradually decreased after the operation, but still did not return to normal at discharge. The decrease in CRP and WBC values after surgery is an indication that inflammation has regressed after appendectomy, but it takes time to completely return to normal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cupping therapy, in its traditional name in the Middle East as al-hijamah, is a traditional and complementary treatment method that generally uses containers placed on the skin to create negative pressure through suction, and has been used all over the world from past to present. Infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis is a disease in which the outlet of the stomach undergoes almost complete obstruction due to the hypertrophy of the pyloric canal. It is seen in infants in the 1 months after birth and it’s the most effective treatment is surgery. This study discusses a patient with infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis, in whom the traditional alternative medicine method was performed due to severe jaundice, and then treated surgically. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of placental membrane covering of the omphalocele sac on the healing of giant omphaloceles requiring silo repair that could not be treated primarily., Methods: This prospective study was performed between October 2021 and October 2023 with the approval of our hospital's ethics committee. All pregnant women diagnosed with prenatal giant omphalocele were informed that their own placenta could be used for omphalocele repair if necessary, and their consent was obtained., Results: Over 24 months, 7 omphaloceles could not be closed primarily, and the placental amniotic membranes were wrapped around the omphalocele sacs and left for secondary healing. All patients underwent cesarean section. The mean gestational age at delivery was 37.6 ± 1.1 weeks (range, 36-39 weeks) according to the last menstruation and 35.3 ± 3.3 weeks (range, 29-39 weeks) according to ultrasound. The mean birth weight was 2814.3 ± 704.9 g (range, 1340-3400 g). Two infants were male (28.5%), and 5 were female (71.5%). The liver and intestines were in the omphalocele sacs. The mean transverse diameter, vertical diameter, and height of omphalocele sac were 15 ± 3.36 cm (range, 11-20 cm), 15.43 ± 3.1 cm (range, 12-19 cm), and 12.33 ± 3.13 cm (range, 8-16 cm), respectively. All the patients had unresectable livers that adhered to the sac. One of the patients had an omphalocele that ruptured during birth, and placental transplantation was performed after rupture repair. After wrapping with the placental membrane, all healed with tight granulation tissue. The mean hospitalization duration was 48.86 ± 26.99 days (range, 21-101 days). The median ventral hernia diameter was 7.07 ± 2.09 cm (range, 5-10 cm). The mean follow-up duration was 10.7 ± 6.8 months (range, 3-23 months). The discharge weight of the infants increased by an average of 789.28 ± 532.5 g compared with their birth weight, which was statistically significant (P =.028). The average transverse diameter of the omphalocele sac decreased by an average of 7.92 ± 3.67 cm compared with that at birth, which was statistically significant (P =.018). The vertical diameter measurement of the omphalocele sac decreased by an average of 5.75 ± 2.18 cm at discharge compared with that at birth, which was statistically significant (P =.046)., Conclusions: Wrapping the maternal placental membrane around the omphalocele sac is an inexpensive, effective, safe, and successful treatment method for preventing sac rupture during the secondary healing of giant omphaloceles., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2025 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Objective: The aim of the current study was to reveal ultrasonographic and clinical features, prenatal-postnatal outcomes and prognostic risk factors of fetal volvulus., Method: This retrospective study evaluated all cases of fetal volvulus diagnosed between 2018 and 2024 at the Perinatology center of Zeynep Kamil Women and Children Diseases Training and Research Hospital. In the vast majority of cases, the pediatric surgery team confirmed the conclusive diagnosis of volvulus during the postnatal period. The cohort was divided into two groups, the "survivor" and "deceased", in order to compare the outcome and to evaluate factors determining the outcome., Result: A total of 26 cases of fetal volvulus were followed up in our perinatology center which were confirmed by postnatal pediatric surgery or autopsy. Termination of pregnancy in two cases and intrauterine fetal death in one case were observed. Twenty-three cases reached live birth. Preterm labor, fetal growth restriction, ascites and decreased intestinal peristalsis were significantly more common in the deceased group. Neonatal death in five cases (19.2%), infant death in four cases (15.3%) and short gut syndrome in three cases (11.5%) were long term outcomes., Conclusion: Overall mortality rate may increase when fetal growth restriction, ascites, and decreased intestinal peristalsis are present with volvulus., (© 2024 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)