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This research analyzes HSS tool wear in turning AFNOR 07-05-04-04-02 steel with variations in machine speed (RPM) and feed depth. Steel, as an iron-based alloy, is known for its superior strength and corrosion resistance, while HSS chisels are used in the machining industry for their wear resistance and ability to maintain sharpness at high temperatures. The results showed that increasing RPM caused greater tool wear, with the highest difference in tool weight at RPM 900 and 1200, reaching 1.0 grams, compared to 0.752 grams at RPM 700. Surface roughness also increased with higher RPM; at 1200 RPM the average value of Ra reaches 4.390565 µm, while at 700 RPM it is only 2.944778 µm. These findings indicate that greater tool wear contributes to increased surface roughness of the workpiece. Variations in Ra, Rz, Rq, and Rt values indicate that different cutting parameters significantly influence the surface quality. This research is expected to provide valuable information for the machinery industry and support the development of materials science and increased productivity in manufacturing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this multilevel shaft turning performance is to analyze the specimen used, namely medium carbon steel alloy and get good workpiece results, knowing the ductility of the workpiece by adjusting the tool blade, speed, time, depth of cut, and surface roughness. The research method used is the impact test method to see the results of the influence of strong currents in steel joints. The results of this study are cutting speed is very influential on the results of the surface roughness of the test material, can be seen from the data analysis and research results. The surface of the test material with the highest level of smoothness is obtained from the use of the lowest cutting speed (100 m/min) with a roughness level of (4.1). The highest roughness level (7.1) with the cutting speed used (200 m/min). The higher the cutting speed used, the greater the price of the surface roughness value obtained or produced. However, the wear of the tool blade used is likely to also affect the level of surface roughness. Geram income depends on the cutting speed, the greater the feeding motion used, the greater the thickness of the resulting geram. The smaller the cutting speed used, the smaller the resulting furrow. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A field experiment was carried out to evaluate the effect of leveling and tillage equipment on the soil bulk density and the growth and production of maize. Three landscaping types of equipment, namely laser, pelvic, and grader equipment, and three tillage equipment, namely moldboard plow, chisel plow, and no-till farming system. Soil bulk density, practical productivity, plant height, weight of 100 seeds, number of seeds per ear, and the yield of maize were measured. The results can be summarized as follows: The interaction between the pelvic leveling equipment and the no-till farming system was superior in obtaining the lowest soil bulk density, while the interaction between the laser leveling equipment and chisel plow was superior in obtaining the highest plant height, the highest weight of 100 seeds stood 36.70 g, the highest number Seeds per ear stood 371.30 seeds per ear and the highest yield of the plant stood 6.36 tons ha-1 compared to the other interventions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper is concerned with the possibility of applying modern non-contact methods for assessing the wear as a result of tribological interaction between working bodies and the soil. An original method for wear testing using the test space discretization based on the 3D scanning technology was employed. A localized volumetric wear coefficient was proposed, allowing for wear analysis and improving the accuracy of the Holm-Archard model. The coefficient of local volumetric wear shows the influence of the nominal shape and the slip trajectory of the abrasive particle along the elementary surface on the intensity of wear. At local volumetric wear coefficient > 0.3, this factor determines the intensity of surface wear. Volumetric wear characteristics are the basis for prediction of wear consequences for different materials and techniques of reinforcement of working surfaces, subject to intensive wear in abrasive soil mass. The reliability of the study is confirmed by the comparison with the mass method for wear assessment and the results of the application of the proposed method for different conditions of abrasive wear of operating parts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article examines the development of woodworking industries in Kharkiv region, the situation of artisans, their income and everyday life. The impact of the new economic policy on production volumes is determined. Cooperage, carpentry, carpentry, and art products were studied. The transformation and development of handicrafts is identified and studied. The tax system that influenced woodworking handicraft production is considered. We made our own expedition to the workshop of a famous master who used the experience of his ancestors in the manufacture of products. The technology of production of wooden products characteristic of Kharkiv region is studied, and the industry concentration is determined. The connection of cooperage with other branches of agriculture is indicated. The authors studied the work of carpenters and described traditional housing of the hata-sena type and the gradual transformation in the Ukrainian village into a hata-sena-hata dwelling. We paid attention to the manufacture of tools (pitchforks, rakes), household items (troughs, mortars, ladles, buckets, etc.). The life of a rural family was directly connected with woodworking crafts, wood products were in demand, so the masters of this business increased significantly during the NEP period. The authors described the range of chiseled products, consisting of bowls, glasses, salt shakers, rolling pins. Birch, maple, hornbeam, and ash were used to make crafts. In the Slobozhansky Museum of local lore, at the exhibition "hall of ethnography", the authors studied wooden products and production technology of the period of the new economic policy in Kharkiv region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]