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Background: Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is a common disease in the urinary system, with a high incidence and poor prognosis in advanced stages. Although γ-interferon-inducible protein 16 (IFI16) has been reported to play a role in various tumors, its involvement in ccRCC remains poorly documented, and the molecular mechanisms are not yet clear. Methods: We conducted bioinformatics analysis to study the expression of IFI16 in ccRCC using public databases. Additionally, we analyzed and validated clinical specimens that we collected. Subsequently, we explored the impact of IFI16 on ccRCC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion through in vitro and in vivo experiments. Furthermore, we predicted downstream molecules and pathways using transcriptome analysis and confirmed them through follow-up experimental validation. Results: IFI16 was significantly upregulated in ccRCC tissue and correlated with poor patient prognosis. In vitro, IFI16 promoted ccRCC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion, while in vivo, it facilitated subcutaneous tumor growth and the formation of lung metastatic foci. Knocking down IFI16 suppressed its oncogenic function. At the molecular level, IFI16 promoted the transcription and translation of IL6, subsequently activating the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway and inducing epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Conclusion: IFI16 induced EMT through the IL6/PI3K/AKT axis, promoting the progression of ccRCC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we show that the Δ-genus Δ (X , L) ≥ 0 for any connected polarized demi-normal scheme (X , L) over an algebraically closed field k. As an application, we obtain Δ (X , I (K X + Λ)) ≥ 0 for any KSBA stable log scheme (X , Λ) , where I is the Cartier index of K X + Λ . We also construct examples of KSBA stable log schemes with I = 1 and Δ (X , K X + Λ) = 0 , which shows the inequality is sharp when I = 1. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cortical traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major cause of cognitive impairment accompanied by motor and behavioral deficits, and there is no effective treatment strategy in the clinic. Cell transplantation is a promising therapeutic strategy, and it is necessary to verify the survival and differentiation of cells after transplantation in large animal models like rhesus monkeys. In this study, we transplanted neural stem cells (NSCs) and simultaneously injected basic fibroblast growth factor/epidermal growth factor (bFGF/EGF) into the cortex (visual and sensory cortices) of rhesus monkeys with superficial TBI. The results showed that the transplanted NSCs did not enter the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and were confined to the transplantation site for at least one year. The transplanted NSCs differentiated into mature neurons that formed synaptic connections with host neurons, but glial scar formation between the graft and the host tissue did not occur. This study is the first to explore the repairing effect of transplanting NSCs into the superficial cerebral cortex of rhesus monkeys after TBI, and the results show the ability of NSCs to survive long-term and differentiate into neurons, demonstrating the potential of NSC transplantation for cortical TBI. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An experimental study was carried out to examine the antifouling effect of compound treatment with ultrasonic and magnetic fields simultaneously in convection heat transfer process. The ultrasonic was provided with a frequency of 20 kHz and powers up to 240 W, and the magnetic field was applied with field intensity of 0.25 T and 0.4 T, respectively. The results showed that the ultrasonic treatment presented a good antifouling effect in flow and heat transfer of hard water, and further the combined treatment of the ultrasonic and magnetic displayed much better performance in scale inhibition of convection heat transfer, in which the scale-inhibition efficiency got up to a maximum of 93.9%. The water treatment not only presented the good scale-inhibition effect but also had the morphology of fouling crystal changed. The crystal of calcium carbonate was mainly comprised of the dense calcite with a cubic shape for the case untreated but transformed to the slender aragonite branchlike after the treatment, and the aragonite became longer with the compound treatment. The experimental phenomenon was also discussed for understanding of the mechanism of the technical treatment, which may be referenced to the antifouling application in heat exchanger. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]