78 results on '"Costagliola, C."'
Search Results
2. Comment on Real-Time In Vivo Assessment of Retinal Reattachment in Humans Using Swept-Source Optical Coherence Tomography
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Dell'Omo, R. and Costagliola, C.
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Fluorescein Angiography ,Humans ,Retina ,Tomography, Optical Coherence ,Optical Coherence ,Tomography - Published
- 2022
3. Skull Base Approaches for Complex Vertebrobasilar Aneurysms
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Galzio, Renato, Ricci, A., Scogna, A., Zotta, D., and Costagliola, C.
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- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography Analysis of Vessel Density Indices in Early Post-COVID-19 Patients
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Flavia, Chiosi, Giuseppe, Campagna, Michele, Rinaldi, Gianluigi, Manzi, Roberto, dell'Omo, Giuseppe, Fiorentino, Mario, Toro, Fausto, Tranfa, Luca, D'Andrea, Magdalena, Rejdak, Ciro, Costagliola, Chiosi, F, Campagna, G, Rinaldi, M, Manzi, G, Dell'Omo, R, Fiorentino, G, Toro, M, Tranfa, F, D'Andrea, L, Rejdak, M, Costagliola, C, Chiosi, F., Campagna, G., Rinaldi, M., Manzi, G., Dell'Omo, R., Fiorentino, G., Toro, M., Tranfa, F., D'Andrea, L., Rejdak, M., and Costagliola, C.
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vessel density ,inflammatory biomarker ,COVID-19 ,OCT angiography ,General Medicine ,retinal microvasculature ,summary statement ,covid-19 ,oct angiography - Abstract
PurposeA hypercoagulable state has been reported to cause potential sight-threatening ischemia in patients suffering from Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). This study aimed to determine whether vessel density (VD), as measured by optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT-A), has insights into retinal and choriocapillaris vascular changes in patients affected by SARS-CoV-2 infection.MethodsHundred and fifty two patients positive for SARS-CoV-2 infection were enrolled in this observational, retrospective, controlled study. A control group of 60 healthy subjects was selected for statistical comparisons. Raw OCT and OCT-A data were exported and 3D datasets were analyzed to determine VD.ResultsHundred and forty eyes (92.1%) were included for final analysis. The VD of the superficial capillary plexus (SCP) did not differ between the two groups. The mean VD of the deep capillary plexus (DCP) and the choriocapillaris (CC) was significantly lower in the foveal sector of the COVID-19 group compared to healthy controls. Within the post-COVID-19 group, the lowest DCP and CC foveal VD values were recorded in patients treated with antiviral therapy; no differences were observed among COVID-19 patients with other comorbidities (hypertension, diabetes, thyroid disease) or taking antiplatelet therapy. DCP and CC foveal VD were significantly lower in patients hospitalized in an intensive care unit (ICU) than asymptomatic patients.ConclusionFoveal vessel density at the level of DCP and CC was reduced in post-COVID-19 patients. Further studies evaluating these changes over time will be needed to corroborate the hypothesis of a microvascular retinal impairment in individuals who have recently recovered from SARS-CoV-2 infection.
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- 2022
5. Effect of a Fixed Combination of Curcumin, Artemisia, Bromelain, and Black Pepper Oral Administration on Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography Indices in Patients with Diabetic Macular Edema
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Flavia Chiosi, Michele Rinaldi, Giuseppe Campagna, Gianluigi Manzi, Vincenzo De Angelis, Francesco Calabrò, Luca D’Andrea, Fausto Tranfa, Ciro Costagliola, Chiosi, F., Rinaldi, M., Campagna, G., Manzi, G., De Angelis, V., Calabro, F., D'Andrea, L., Tranfa, F., and Costagliola, C.
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genetic structures ,Administration, Oral ,black pepper ,Macular Edema ,Retrospective Studie ,Diabetes Mellitus ,Humans ,curcumin ,Prospective Studies ,Fluorescein Angiography ,Retrospective Studies ,diabetic retinopathy ,diabetic macular edema ,artemisia ,bromelain ,OCTA ,vascular flow density ,Nutrition and Dietetics ,Retinal Vessels ,Diabetes Mellitu ,Microaneurysm ,Retinal Vessel ,Bromelains ,Prospective Studie ,Case-Control Studies ,Case-Control Studie ,Piper nigrum ,Tomography, Optical Coherence ,Food Science ,Human - Abstract
Background: To investigate the effects of a fixed combination of Curcumin (200 mg), Artemisia (80 mg), Bromelain (80 mg), and Black pepper (2 mg) on vascular parameters in mild to moderate diabetic macular edema (DME). Design: Prospective, case-control study. Methods: Fifty-six patients affected by diabetes mellitus type II were enrolled in the study. Twenty-eight patients with DME received 2 tablets/day, before meals of a dietary complementary supplement containing in fixed combination Curcumin (200 mg), Artemisia (80 mg), Bromelain (80 mg), and Black pepper (2 mg) (Intravit®, OFFHEALTH Spa, Firenze, Italy) for 6 months. Twenty-eight age-matched subjects affected by diabetes mellitus type II were given placebo and served as control group. Patients underwent best correct visual acuity (BCVA), swept optical coherence tomography (OCT), and OCT-Angiography (OCTA). OCTA images of the superficial capillary plexus (SCP) and deep capillary plexus (DCP) were obtained for each eye. By the end of the follow-up patients were defined responder to the therapy when a decrease of more than 30 μm was registered in central retinal thickness (CRT) measurement, while a poor responder was determined by the absence of reduction or an increase in central retinal thickness at 6 months. We assessed the foveal avascular zone (FAZ) area, vessel density and quantified the number of microaneurysms in each layer. Results: A significant improvement of BCVA and CRT reduction was recorded at 6 months follow-up in the dietary complementary supplementation group compared to control (respectively p = 0.028 and p = 0.0003). VD of the total capillary plexus, microaneurysms count, glycaemia and HbA1c did not vary over the follow-up period between groups. Within the Intravit® group, poor responders tended to show a larger FAZ area, more microaneurysms, and a lower VD in the DCP compared to the good responders group (p < 0.0001). Conclusions: A fixed combination of Curcumin, Artemisia, Bromelain, and Black pepper oral administration may have a positive impact on central retinal thickness, visual acuity, and VD of the DCP in compensated type 2 diabetic patients with mild DME.
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- 2022
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6. Efficacy and Safety of Subthreshold Micropulse Yellow Laser for Persistent Diabetic Macular Edema After Vitrectomy: A Pilot Study
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Vincenza Bonfiglio, Robert Rejdak, Katarzyna Nowomiejska, Sandrine Anne Zweifel, Maximilian Robert Justus Wiest, Giovanni Luca Romano, Claudio Bucolo, Lucia Gozzo, Niccolò Castellino, Clara Patane, Corrado Pizzo, Michele Reibaldi, Andrea Russo, Antonio Longo, Matteo Fallico, Iacopo Macchi, Maria Vadalà, Teresio Avitabile, Ciro Costagliola, Kamil Jonak, Mario Damiano Toro, Bonfiglio, V, Rejdak, R, Nowomiejska, K, Zweifel, Sa, Justus Wiest, Mr, Romano, Gl, Bucolo, C, Gozzo, L, Castellino, N, Patane, C, Pizzo, C, Reibaldi, M, Russo, A, Longo, A, Fallico, M, Macchi, I, Vadalà, M, Avitabile, T, Costagliola, C, Jonak, K, Toro, Md, Bonfiglio, Vincenza, Rejdak, Robert, Nowomiejska, Katarzyna, Zweifel, Sandrine Anne, Justus Wiest, Maximilian Robert, Romano, Giovanni Luca, Bucolo, Claudio, Gozzo, Lucia, Castellino, Niccolò, Patane, Clara, Pizzo, Corrado, Reibaldi, Michele, Russo, Andrea, Longo, Antonio, Fallico, Matteo, Macchi, Iacopo, Vadala', Maria, Avitabile, Teresio, Costagliola, Ciro, Jonak, Kamil, and Toro, Mario Damiano
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Pharmacology ,diabetic retinopathy ,Settore MED/30 - Malattie Apparato Visivo ,inflammation ,OCT angiography ,subthreshold micropulse laser ,Pharmacology (medical) ,tractional DME - Abstract
Aim: To examine the effect of subthreshold micropulse yellow laser (SMYL) on best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), central macular thickness (CMT), and optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT-A) changes in eyes with persistent diabetic macular edema (DME) after pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) for tractional DME (TDME).Patients and Methods: In a comparative study, 95 eyes of 95 consecutive patients with persistent DME were prospectively enrolled. The SMYL group (54 eyes) was treated with SMYL 6 months after PPV, while the control group (41 eyes) was followed up without treatment. BCVA and CMT by OCT were analyzed at baseline and 3 and 6 months. Additionally, parameters such as the vessel density (VD) in the superficial capillary plexus (SCP) and deep capillary plexus (DCP), respectively, and the area of the foveal avascular zone (FAZ) were also evaluated on OCT-A.Results: There were no significant differences between both groups in demographic data. In the SMYL group, mean BCVA was significantly increased [F(2,106) = 17.25; p < 0.001; ηp2 = 0.246] from 51.54 ± 13.81 ETDRS letters at baseline to 57.81 ± 12.82 ETDRS letters at 3 months (p < 0.001) and 57.83 ± 13.95 EDTRS letters at 6 months (p < 0.001), respectively. In comparison to the control group, BCVA values were statistically significantly higher in the SMYL group at 3 and 6 months, respectively. Mean CMT significantly decreased [F(2,106) = 30.98; p < 0.001; ηp2 = 0.368] from the baseline value 410.59 ± 129.91 μm to 323.50 ± 89.66 μm at 3 months (p < 0.001) and to 283.39 ± 73.45 μm at 6 months (p < 0.001). CMT values were significantly lower in the SMYL group (p < 0.001), especially at 6 months follow-up time (p < 0.001) compared with the control group. Parafoveal VD in the SCP and DCP was significantly higher in the SMYL group in comparison to the control group, respectively, at 3-month (SCP p < 0.001; DCP p < 0.001) and 6-month follow-up (SCP p < 0.001; DCP p < 0.001). FAZ area was also significantly smaller in the SMYL group at 6-month follow-up (p = 0.001). There were no adverse SMYL treatment effects.Conclusion: SMYL therapy may be a safe and effective treatment option in eyes with persistent macular edema following PPV for TDME.
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- 2022
7. Intraoperative Anterior Segment Optical Coherence Tomography in the Management of Cataract Surgery: State of the Art
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Mario Damiano Toro, Serena Milan, Daniele Tognetto, Robert Rejdak, Ciro Costagliola, Sandrine Anne Zweifel, Chiara Posarelli, Michele Figus, Magdalena Rejdak, Teresio Avitabile, Adriano Carnevali, Rosa Giglio, Toro, Mario Damiano, Milan, Serena, Tognetto, Daniele, Rejdak, Robert, Costagliola, Ciro, Zweifel, Sandrine Anne, Posarelli, Chiara, Figus, Michele, Rejdak, Magdalena, Avitabile, Teresio, Carnevali, Adriano, Giglio, Rosa, Toro, M. D., Milan, S., Tognetto, D., Rejdak, R., Costagliola, C., Zweifel, S. A., Posarelli, C., Figus, M., Rejdak, M., Avitabile, T., Carnevali, A., and Giglio, R.
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anterior segment OCT ,cataract surgery ,intraoperative OCT ,surgical technique ,General Medicine - Abstract
Background: The introduction of non-invasive diagnostic tools in ophthalmology has significantly reshaped current clinical practice in different settings. Recently, different anterior segment (AS) intraoperative optical coherence tomography (i-OCT) systems have been employed for different interventional procedures including cataract surgery. Materials and Methods: A review on the use of AS i-OCT in the management of cataract surgery, following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines (PRISMA). The level of evidence according to the Oxford Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine (OCEM) 2011 guidelines, and the quality of evidence according to the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) system were assessed for all included articles. Results: Out of 6302 articles initially extracted, 6302 abstracts were identified for screening and 32 of these met the inclusion/exclusion criteria for full-text review; 19 articles were excluded. Conclusions: The use of AS i-OCT in cataract surgery, even if only a few studies have a high level or grade of evidence, may represent a useful tool for novel surgeons approaching phacoemulsification but also for expert ones for teaching purposes and to plan and manage complicated cases.
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- 2022
8. Effect of COVID-19-related lockdown on ophthalmic practice in Italy: A report from 39 institutional centers
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Roberto dell’Omo, Mariaelena Filippelli, Gianni Virgili, Francesco Bandello, Giuseppe Querques, Paolo Lanzetta, Teresio Avitabile, Francesco Viola, Michele Reibaldi, Francesco Semeraro, Luciano Quaranta, Stanislao Rizzo, Edoardo Midena, Giuseppe Campagna, Ciro Costagliola, Paola Marolo, Carlo Enrico Traverso, Michele Iester, Carlo Alberto Cutolo, Claudio Azzolini, Simone Donati, Elias Premi, Paolo Nucci, Stela Vujosevic, Giovanni Staurenghi, Ferdinando Bottoni, Francesco Romano, Domenico Grosso, Enrico Borrelli, Riccardo Sacconi, Paolo Milella, Simone Ganci, Mario R. Romano, Gabriella Ricciardelli, Davide Allegrini, Marco Casaluci, Davide Romano, Giorgio Marchini, Francesca Chemello, Camilla Amantea, Rino Frisina, Elisabetta Pilotto, Raffaele Parrozzani, Daniele Veritti, Valentina Sarao, Tognetto Daniele, Massimo Busin, Francesco Parmeggiani, Katia De Nadai, Luca Furiosi, Rodolfo Mastropasqua, Bruno Battaglia, Matteo Gironi, Stefano Gandolfi, Enrico Luciani, Paolo Mora, Costantino Schiavi, Patrizia Bertaccini, Alessandro Finzi, Matilde Roda, Carlo Cagini, Marco Lupidi, Fabrizio Giansanti, Daniela Bacherini, Gianmarco Tosi, Elena De Benedetto, Marco Nardi, Michele Figus, Chiara Posarelli, Cesare Mariotti, Vittorio Pirani, Michele Nicolai, Stefano Bonini, Marco Coassin, Antonio Di Zazzo, Mariacristina Savastano, Alfonso Savastano, Gloria Gambini, Umberto De Vico, Leopoldo Spadea, Andrea Iannaccone, Carlo Nucci, Federico Ricci, Francesco Aiello, Gabriele Gallo Afflitto, Leonardo Mastropasqua, Giada D’Onofio, Federica Evangelista, Lorenza Brescia, Pasquale Napolitano, Paolo Polisena, Nicolina Gianfrancesco, Domenico Trivisonno, Francesco Petti, Francesca Simonelli, Settimio Rossi, Antonio Tartaglione, Nicola Rosa, Maddalena De Bernardo, Cristiana Iaculli, Anna Valeria Bux, Giulia Maggiore, Francesco Boscia, Giancarlo Sborgia, Maria Oliva Grassi, Vincenzo Scorcia, Giuseppe Giannaccare, Guglielmo Parisi, Salvatore Cillino, Francesco Alaimo, Pasquale Aragona, Alessandro Meduri, Antonio Pinna, Andrea Sollazzo, Enrico Peiretti, Emanuele Siotto, dell’Omo, Roberto, Filippelli, Mariaelena, Virgili, Gianni, Bandello, Francesco, Querques, Giuseppe, Lanzetta, Paolo, Avitabile, Teresio, Viola, Francesco, Reibaldi, Michele, Semeraro, Francesco, Quaranta, Luciano, Rizzo, Stanislao, Midena, Edoardo, Campagna, Giuseppe, Costagliola, Ciro, Marolo, Paola, Traverso, Carlo Enrico, Iester, Michele, Cutolo, Carlo Alberto, Azzolini, Claudio, Donati, Simone, Premi, Elia, Nucci, Paolo, Vujosevic, Stela, Staurenghi, Giovanni, Bottoni, Ferdinando, Romano, Francesco, Grosso, Domenico, Borrelli, Enrico, Sacconi, Riccardo, Milella, Paolo, Ganci, Simone, Romano, Mario R., Ricciardelli, Gabriella, Allegrini, Davide, Casaluci, Marco, Romano, Davide, Marchini, Giorgio, Chemello, Francesca, Amantea, Camilla, Frisina, Rino, Pilotto, Elisabetta, Parrozzani, Raffaele, Veritti, Daniele, Sarao, Valentina, Daniele, Tognetto, Busin, Massimo, Parmeggiani, Francesco, De Nadai, Katia, Furiosi, Luca, Mastropasqua, Rodolfo, Battaglia, Bruno, Gironi, Matteo, Gandolfi, Stefano, Luciani, Enrico, Mora, Paolo, Schiavi, Costantino, Bertaccini, Patrizia, Finzi, Alessandro, Roda, Matilde, Cagini, Carlo, Lupidi, Marco, Giansanti, Fabrizio, Bacherini, Daniela, Tosi, Gianmarco, De Benedetto, Elena, Nardi, Marco, Figus, Michele, Posarelli, Chiara, Mariotti, Cesare, Pirani, Vittorio, Nicolai, Michele, Bonini, Stefano, Coassin, Marco, Di Zazzo, Antonio, Savastano, Mariacristina, Savastano, Alfonso, Gambini, Gloria, Vico, Umberto De, Spadea, Leopoldo, Iannaccone, Andrea, Nucci, Carlo, Ricci, Federico, Aiello, Francesco, Afflitto, Gabriele Gallo, Mastropasqua, Leonardo, D’Onofio, Giada, Evangelista, Federica, Brescia, Lorenza, Napolitano, Pasquale, Polisena, Paolo, Gianfrancesco, Nicolina, Trivisonno, Domenico, Petti, Francesco, Simonelli, Francesca, Rossi, Settimio, Tartaglione, Antonio, Rosa, Nicola, Bernardo, Maddalena De, Iaculli, Cristiana, Valeria Bux, Anna, Maggiore, Giulia, Boscia, Francesco, Sborgia, Giancarlo, Grassi, Maria Oliva, Scorcia, Vincenzo, Giannaccare, Giuseppe, Parisi, Guglielmo, Cillino, Salvatore, Alaimo, Francesco, Aragona, Pasquale, Meduri, Alessandro, Pinna, Antonio, Sollazzo, Andrea, Peiretti, Enrico, Siotto, Emanuele, Dell'Omo, R., Filippelli, M., Virgili, G., Bandello, F., Querques, G., Lanzetta, P., Avitabile, T., Viola, F., Reibaldi, M., Semeraro, F., Quaranta, L., Rizzo, S., Midena, E., Campagna, G., Costagliola, C., Marolo, P., Traverso, C. E., Iester, M., Cutolo, C. A., Azzolini, C., Donati, S., Premi, E., Nucci, P., Vujosevic, S., Staurenghi, G., Bottoni, F., Romano, F., Grosso, D., Borrelli, E., Sacconi, R., Milella, P., Ganci, S., Romano, M. R., Ricciardelli, G., Allegrini, D., Casaluci, M., Romano, D., Marchini, G., Chemello, F., Amantea, C., Frisina, R., Pilotto, E., Parrozzani, R., Veritti, D., Sarao, V., Daniele, T., Busin, M., Parmeggiani, F., De Nadai, K., Furiosi, L., Mastropasqua, R., Battaglia, B., Gironi, M., Gandolfi, S., Luciani, E., Mora, P., Schiavi, C., Bertaccini, P., Finzi, A., Roda, M., Cagini, C., Lupidi, M., Giansanti, F., Bacherini, D., Tosi, G., De Benedetto, E., Nardi, M., Figus, M., Posarelli, C., Mariotti, C., Pirani, V., Nicolai, M., Bonini, S., Coassin, M., Di Zazzo, A., Savastano, M., Savastano, A., Gambini, G., Vico, U. D., Spadea, L., Iannaccone, A., Nucci, C., Ricci, F., Aiello, F., Afflitto, G. G., Mastropasqua, L., D'Onofio, G., Evangelista, F., Brescia, L., Napolitano, P., Polisena, P., Gianfrancesco, N., Trivisonno, D., Petti, F., Simonelli, F., Rossi, S., Tartaglione, A., Rosa, N., Bernardo, M. D., Iaculli, C., Valeria Bux, A., Maggiore, G., Boscia, F., Sborgia, G., Grassi, M. O., Scorcia, V., Giannaccare, G., Parisi, G., Cillino, S., Alaimo, F., Aragona, P., Meduri, A., Pinna, A., Sollazzo, A., Peiretti, E., and Siotto, E.
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medicine.medical_specialty ,2019-20 coronavirus outbreak ,Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) ,Trauma, phacoemulsification, glaucoma, retinal detachment, choroidal neovascular membranes, venous occlusive disease, corneal transplantation ,Trauma ,choroidal neovascular membranes ,retinal detachment ,Retrospective Studie ,Settore MED/30 ,medicine ,Retrospective analysis ,choroidal neovascular membrane ,Humans ,venous occlusive disease ,Retrospective Studies ,corneal transplantation ,glaucoma ,phacoemulsification ,Communicable Disease Control ,SARS-CoV-2 ,COVID-19 ,Retinal Detachment ,Settore MED/30 - Malattie Apparato Visivo ,business.industry ,Retinal detachment ,General Medicine ,Phacoemulsification ,Surgical procedures ,medicine.disease ,Surgery ,Ophthalmology ,business ,trauma ,Human - Abstract
Background/objectives: To compare the number of eye surgical procedures performed in Italy in the 2 months following the beginning of lockdown (study period) because of COVID-19 epidemic with those performed in the two earlier months of the same year (intra-year control) and in the period of 2019 corresponding to the lockdown (inter-year control). Methods: Retrospective analysis of surgical procedures carried out at 39 Academic hospitals. A distinction was made between elective and urgent procedures. Intravitreal injections were also considered. Percentages for all surgical procedures and incidence rate ratios (IRR) for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) events were calculated. A p value Results: A total of 20,886 versus 55,259 and 56,640 patients underwent surgery during the lockdown versus intra-and inter-year control periods, respectively. During the lockdown, only 70% of patients for whom an operation/intravitreal injection was recommended, finally underwent surgery; the remaining patients did not attend because afraid of getting infected at the hospital (23%), taking public transportation (6.5%), or unavailable swabs (0.5%). Elective surgeries were reduced by 96.2% and 96.4%, urgent surgeries by 49.7% and 50.2%, and intravitreal injections by 48.5% and 48.6% in the lockdown period in comparison to intra-year and inter-year control periods, respectively. IRRs for RRDs during lockdown dropped significantly in comparison with intra- and inter-year control periods (CI: 0.65–0.80 and 0.61–0.75, respectively, p Conclusion: This study provides a quantitative analysis of the reduction of eye surgical procedures performed in Italy because of the COVID-19 epidemic.
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- 2022
9. Correlation between Retinal Vascularization and Disease Aggressiveness in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
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Gilda Cennamo, Daniela Montorio, Francesco Pio Ausiello, Luigifilippo Magno, Rosa Iodice, Alberto Mazzucco, Valentina Virginia Iuzzolino, Gianmaria Senerchia, Vincenzo Brescia Morra, Maria Nolano, Ciro Costagliola, Raffaele Dubbioso, Cennamo, G., Montorio, D., Ausiello, F. P., Magno, L., Iodice, R., Mazzucco, A., Iuzzolino, V. V., Senerchia, G., Brescia Morra, V., Nolano, M., Costagliola, C., and Dubbioso, R.
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disease progression ,OCT ,vascular ,inflammation ,ALS ,biomarker ,eye ,angiography ,choroid ,retinal nerve fiber layer ,Medicine (miscellaneous) ,General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology - Abstract
Abnormalities in retinal vascularization and neural density have been found in many neurodegenerative diseases; however, conflicting results are described in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS). The aim of the present study was, therefore, to systematically analyze retinal layers and vascularization by means of spectral-domain (SD-OCT) and optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT-A) in ALS patients. We enrolled 48 ALS patients and 45 healthy controls. ALS patients were divided into three groups: slow progressors (n = 10), intermediate progressors (n = 24) and fast progressors (n = 14), according to the disease progression rate. For SD-OCT, we evaluated the Subfoveal choroidal thickness (SFCT), ganglion cell complex (GCC) and retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL). Regarding the OCT-A, we assessed the vessel density (VD) in superficial and deep capillary plexuses, radial peripapillary capillary plexus, choriocapillary and the foveal avascular zone (FAZ) area. SD-OCT exam did not show any significant differences in GCC and RNFL thickness between patients and controls and among the three ALS groups. The SFCT was statistically greater in patients compared with controls (357.95 ± 55.15 µm vs. 301.3 ± 55.80 µm, p < 0.001); interestingly, the SFCT was thicker in patients with slow and intermediate disease progression than in those with fast disease progression (394.45 ± 53.73 µm vs. 393.09 ± 42.17 µm vs. 267.71 ± 56.24 µm, p < 0.001). OCT-A did not reveal any significant results. Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Functional Rating Scale-Revised (ALSFRS-r) and disease duration did not correlate with any of the OCT parameters, except for SFCT with ALSFRS-r (r = 0.753, p = 0.024). This study demonstrated the possible association between choroidal thickness and disease activity in ALS. OCT could be a useful biomarker in the management of the disease.
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- 2022
10. Topographic Outcomes in Keratoconus Surgery: Epi-on versus Epi-off Iontophoresis Corneal Collagen Cross-Linking
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Pasquale Napolitano, Fausto Tranfa, Luca D’Andrea, Ciro Caruso, Michele Rinaldi, Alberto Mazzucco, Nicola Ciampa, Antonietta Melenzane, Ciro Costagliola, Napolitano, P., Tranfa, F., D'Andrea, L., Caruso, C., Rinaldi, M., Mazzucco, A., Ciampa, N., Melenzane, A., and Costagliola, C.
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Corneal collagen cross-linking ,genetic structures ,Epi-off technique ,OSDI ,CXL ,Pachymetry ,General Medicine ,corneal collagen cross-linking ,keratoconus ,epi-on technique ,epi-off technique ,iontophoresis ,cornea ,pachymetry ,thinnest point ,eye diseases ,Cornea ,sense organs ,Thinnest point ,Iontophoresi ,Keratoconu ,Epi-on technique - Abstract
Background: Corneal collagen cross-linking (CXL) has become the gold standard for mild and moderate stages to stop the progression of keratoconus. We analyzed some corneal topography indices to compare iontophoresis epi-on and iontophoresis epi-off techniques throughout a two-year follow-up. Methods: A total of 64 eyes of 49 patients who underwent CXL were recruited. In 30 eyes the epi-off technique was performed, whereas the remaining 34 eyes were treated with the epi-on technique. All patients underwent a complete ophthalmologic examination that included CDVA, central and thinnest corneal thickness, Schirmer test I, TBUT test, and the Ocular Surface Disease Index. Results: In both groups, a significant improvement in visual function was recorded. No statistically significant differences between Kmax, Mean K, Flat K, Steep K values were found. Statistically significant differences (p < 0.05) between the epi-on and epi-off groups’ pachymetry before and after 24 months follow-up as well as between the epi-on and epi-off groups’ topographically thinnest point in the immediate post-surgery and 24 months after surgery were recorded. Conclusion: Our study highlighted that both techniques are valid in mid-term corneal stabilization. The advantage of the new iontophoresis epi-off cross-linking technique could be found in a faster imbibing time of the cornea, therefore reducing surgical times, with a lower risk of complications.
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- 2022
11. The incidence of severe complications in acanthamoeba keratitis: Qualitative and quantitative systematic assessment.
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Posarelli M, Passaro ML, Avolio FC, Costagliola C, Semeraro F, and Romano V
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- Humans, Incidence, Corneal Transplantation, Endophthalmitis epidemiology, Endophthalmitis diagnosis, Corneal Perforation diagnosis, Corneal Perforation epidemiology, Corneal Perforation etiology, Acanthamoeba Keratitis diagnosis, Acanthamoeba Keratitis epidemiology
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Acanthamoeba keratitis (AK) is a rare, sight-threating corneal infection. The disease is challenging to diagnose and treat, and the amoeba can rapidly encyst, persisting in the tissue and causing recurrences. Medical therapy is conventionally considered the first line treatment, but advanced cases could require more invasive treatments like a "chaud" corneal transplant. We review the incidence of severe complications in patients affected by AK. Of 439 reports screened, 158 met our inclusion criteria. Incidence of severe complications was low, with 2.21 % patients developing perforation, 1 % requiring evisceration/enucleation and less than 1 % developing endophthalmitis. Corneal transplantation was required in 16.68 % of the cases. According to our results, and considering the reported incidences of these complications in other infectious keratitis, AK patients have an overall low risk of developing perforation, endophthalmitis, and enucleation/evisceration. Nevertheless, data available in the literature remain poor, and further randomized control trials are needed to confirm our findings., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest None., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
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- 2024
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12. Diverse effects of synthetic glucocorticoid species on cell viability and stress response of neuroblastoma cells.
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Zerillo L, Polvere I, Stilo R, Vito P, Rinaldi M, Zotti T, and Costagliola C
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- Cell Line, Tumor, Humans, Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress drug effects, Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress physiology, Dexamethasone pharmacology, Hydrocortisone pharmacology, Prednisolone pharmacology, Betamethasone pharmacology, Neurons drug effects, Neurons metabolism, Glucocorticoids pharmacology, Cell Survival drug effects, Cell Survival physiology, Neuroblastoma pathology, Oxidative Stress drug effects, Oxidative Stress physiology
- Abstract
Glucocorticoids (GCs) are widely used as powerful anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive therapeutics in multiple pathological conditions. However, compelling evidence indicates that they might promote neurodegeneration by altering mitochondrial homeostatic processes. Although the effect of dexamethasone on cell survival and homeostasis has been widely investigated, the effect of other glucocorticoids needs to be explored in more detail. In this report, we have compared the neurotoxicity induced by dexamethasone, prednisolone, betamethasone, and hydrocortisone in cultured neuroblastoma cells, through the analysis of several parameters such as cell viability, ER stress, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial fusion and fission markers. Interestingly, we have found that synthetic glucocorticoids may impact neuronal viability by affecting different cellular responses, suggesting that their therapeutic use should be consciously decided after careful consideration of benefits and detrimental effects., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2024 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
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- 2024
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13. Changes in Macular Pigment Optical Density after Intravitreal Faricimab in Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration: A Pilot Study.
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Cennamo G, Rinaldi M, Chiosi F, and Costagliola C
- Abstract
Background: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of faricimab intravitreal injections in patients with exudative age macular degeneration (nAMD) after the loading dose using spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) and macular pigment optical density (MPOD). Methods : In this observational prospective study, we enlisted a total of 12 consecutive eyes of 12 patients (six females, six males; mean age 70.47 ± 2.46 years) affected by nAMD who consecutively presented to the Eye Clinic of the University of Naples "Federico II" and Monaldi Hospital of Naples, from June 2023 to December 2023. All patients received four once-monthly intravitreal injections of faricimab (6 mg/0.05 mL) (loading phase). At baseline and 1 month after the fourth faricimab monthly injection, all patients underwent assessment of best correct visual acuity (BCVA) and ophthalmic examination, including slit-lamp biomicroscopy, intraocular pressure (IOP), fundus biomicroscopy, SD-OCT, and MPOD. Results: A total of 12 eyes of 12 patients (six women, six men; mean age 70.47 ± 2.46 years) were included in this study. A statistically significant raise in BCVA and MOPD parameters was shown between baseline and after the loading phase ( p < 0.001). Conclusions : Intravitreal injections of faricimab led in the short term to a significant functional and MPOD improvement along with a decrease in central macular thickness (CMT) and thus appears to be an effective treatment option without relevant adverse effects. MOPD may be considered as a prognostic factor associated with a good visual prognosis after intravitreal injections treatment.
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- 2024
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14. Optical coherence tomography angiography features in Waldenström macroglobulinemia patients without Hyperviscosity syndrome: A pilot prospective study.
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Cennamo G, Rinaldi M, Severino A, De Fazio L, Malvone E, Martinelli V, and Costagliola C
- Subjects
- Humans, Male, Female, Middle Aged, Pilot Projects, Prospective Studies, Retinal Vessels diagnostic imaging, Blood Viscosity, Aged, Fluorescein Angiography methods, Adult, Case-Control Studies, Visual Acuity, Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia diagnostic imaging, Tomography, Optical Coherence methods
- Abstract
Purpose: To evaluate the retinal vessel density (VD) with optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) in asymptomatic patients affected by Waldenström macroglobulinemia (WM) without hyperviscosity syndrome (HVS) and to highlight the presence of microvascular damage in theese clinically asymptomatic WD patients., Design: Prospective study., Methods: A total of 43 eyes from 43 WM patients (24 females, 19 males, mean age 55.1 ± 13.6 years) were enrolled from January 2023 to December 2023 in the Eye Clinic of the University of Naples Federico II. Along with WM patients, 40 healthy subjects (HS) (20 females, 20 males, mean age 52.3 ± 15.6 years) with a normal ophthalmic examination and no history of intraocular surgery or retinal pathologic features were included as control group All patients and controls underwent OCTA RESULTS: The two groups were not significantly different for age and sex Visual acuity examination showed no statistically significant difference in BCVA between controls and patients Compared to HS, WD patients showed lower VD values in the SCP in the whole image (47.95 ± 5.17% vs. 52.99 ± 2.52 %; p < 0.001), as well as in the parafovea (53.01 ± 6.69% vs. 55.30 ± 2.61 %; p = 0.002), and fovea (21.38 ± 9.01% vs. 30.31 ± 5.84 %; p < 0.0001). On the other hand, in the DCP VD values were significantly higher in patients compared to controls in the whole image (55.82 ± 8.07% vs. 50.83 ± 5.46 %; p = 0.005), as well as in the parafovea (56.76 ± 6.26% vs. 52.59 ± 5.46 %; p = 0.0001), and fovea (38.75 ± 8.59% vs. 33.43 ± 8.68 %; p < 0.0001)., Conclusion: The finding that OCTA confirmed the presence of widespread microvascular damage in WD patients clinically silent. Thus, OCTA is a safe rapid imaging technique that could represent a valid biomarker of systemic vascular dysfunction., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest All authors certify that they have no affiliations with or involvement in any organization or entity with any financial interest (such as honoraria; educational grants; participation in speakers’ bureaus; membership, employment, consultancies, stock ownership, or other equity interest; and expert testimony or patent-licensing arrangements), or non-financial interest (such as personal or professional relationships, affiliations, knowledge or beliefs) in the subject matter or materials discussed in this manuscript., (Copyright © 2024 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
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- 2024
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15. Modified Sodium hyaluronate conjugated to riboflavin (Har® 0.1 %) as lubricant eyedrops in the treatment of dry eye: A prospective randomised study.
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Caruso C, D'Andrea L, Rinaldi M, Senese I, Piscopo R, and Costagliola C
- Abstract
Background: This study evaluates the therapeutic efficacy of HAr® (a novel ophthalmic solution containing modified hyaluronic acid covalently linked to riboflavin) compared to hyaluronic acid eye drops in patients with dry eye disease (DED)., Methods: Sixteen consecutive patients with bilateral medium to severe DED were divided into two groups. Group 1 received HAr® 0.1 % (Ribohyal®), while Group 2 received HA 0.1 % eye drops. Parameters such as Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) score, osmolarity, break-up time (BUT), non-invasive BUT (NIBUT), tear meniscus measurement, Schirmer test, and Oxford Staining were evaluated. This study has been successfully registered on ClinicalTrials.gov public (Identifier NCT06122428)., Results: The Ribohyal group showed faster improvement in OSDI scores, with a statistically significant difference at 2 h (mean classification difference: -51.75; p = 0.0003). Photophobia significantly reduced at 2 h, 4 weeks, and 8 weeks in the Ribohyal group compared to baseline (p < 0.0001). Osmolarity improved significantly after 8 weeks in both groups (p < 0.0001)., Conclusions: HAr® 0.1 % (Ribohyal®) effectively reduced DED symptoms and improved photophobia within 2 h of instillation, lasting up to 8 weeks., Competing Interests: The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (© 2024 The Authors.)
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- 2024
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16. Effects of Laurus Nobilis Eye Drop on Selenite-Induced Cataract Formation and Oxidative Stress-Related Parameters in Rabbits: An Experimental Study.
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Palazzo M, Concilio M, Ambrosone L, Rinaldi M, Tranfa F, and Costagliola C
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Purpose: To evaluate the protective role of Laurus Nobilis eye drops on selenite-induced cataracts in suckling rabbits., Methods: Fifteen male albino suckling rabbits with no signs of ocular inflammation were randomly assigned to three groups: controls (Group A), sodium-selenite group (Group B) and sodium-selenite plus Laurus Nobilis group (Group C). By selenite treatment, cataract formation was experimentally induced and then graded. The grade of oxidative stress was defined in the lens, measuring the concentration of malondialdehyde, alpha-tocopherol, oxidized glutathione, ascorbic acid and hydrogen peroxide, and in blood samples as levels of alpha-tocopherol and malondialdehyde., Results: Mean lens concentrations of GSSG, H2O2, and MDA levels in group B were significantly higher than in both group C and control. Ascorbic acid and alpha-tocopherol concentrations were lower in group B than in both group C and A. As plasma oxidative status markers, the level of MDA was higher in group B respected group C and A. The mean alpha-tocopherol levels in group B were significantly lower than in both group A and group C., Conclusions: In animals treated with Laurus Nobilis -based eye drops, inflammation was inhibited, and lipid peroxidation was significantly reduced. Laurus nobilis leaves extract represents a good source of antioxidant components that may contrast sodium selenite-induced cataractogenesis in suckling rabbits.
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- 2024
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17. Primary Orbital Respiratory Epithelial Cyst: A Systematic Review and Two Case Reports.
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Laezza MP, Alqahtani R, Lanni V, Iuliano A, Althaqib RN, Maktabi A, Costagliola C, and Strianese D
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- Humans, Male, Female, Respiratory Mucosa pathology, Choristoma diagnosis, Choristoma surgery, Cysts diagnosis, Cysts surgery, Orbital Diseases diagnosis, Orbital Diseases surgery, Tomography, X-Ray Computed, Magnetic Resonance Imaging
- Abstract
A primary orbital respiratory cyst is a congenital choristoma that presents in the orbit and with different signs and symptoms depending on the location, which might also change the surgical approach. The aim of this report is to describe 2 new cases of primary respiratory epithelial cysts and to review the literature on presentation, management, and risk factors with different surgical approaches and complications. Two cases presenting with gradually increased proptosis had a confirmed diagnosis of a respiratory epithelial cyst. CT and MRI imaging revealed a thin-walled intraconal cystic lesion. Complete surgical removal was not possible and an incisional biopsy of the wall was performed. Rarely, orbital respiratory epithelium cysts are primary lesions. The high risk of breaking the capsule during surgery and the presence of residual epithelial cells within the orbit may cause cyst's recurrence. Indeed, we recommend careful attention during dissection maneuvers and a long-term follow-up., Competing Interests: The authors have no financial or conflicts of interest to disclose., (Copyright © 2024 The American Society of Ophthalmic Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Inc.)
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- 2024
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18. Open-source, 3D printable IOL holder for detailed, smartphone-based anterior segment photography.
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Passaro ML, Airaldi M, Ancona C, Ventura M, Iodice P, Costagliola C, Semeraro F, and Romano V
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- Humans, Smartphone, Photography instrumentation, Printing, Three-Dimensional, Lenses, Intraocular, Anterior Eye Segment diagnostic imaging
- Abstract
Smartphones are increasingly relevant resources in medical practice as they are ubiquitous and reasonably cheap. Among the advantages of using smartphones in medical practise, there is the possibility of obtaining reproducible photographic documentation of various conditions. This is particularly true in the ophthalmic field, where anterior segment color photography plays a significant role in the diagnosis and the management of ocular surface diseases. Here we propose an original design for an open-source smartphone accessory for taking and sharing high-definition photographs of the anterior segment. It can be easily reproduced via 3D printing, and it only needs to be integrated with an intraocular lens (IOL), widely available to the majority of ophthalmologists. Compared to other solutions described previously, it allows a precise and reproducible placement of the IOL on the smartphone camera, avoiding manual positioning that could result tricky and time-consuming. The IOL holder is cheap, scalable, portable and it can be quickly assembled and disassembled, without permanently modifying the smartphone camera., Competing Interests: Declaration of conflicting interestsThe authors declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article.
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- 2024
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19. Choroidal Thickness and brolucizumab intravitreal injection: Cause or effect of intraocular inflammation?
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Cennamo G, Rinaldi M, Malvone E, and Costagliola C
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- Humans, Male, Female, Aged, Wet Macular Degeneration drug therapy, Aged, 80 and over, Angiogenesis Inhibitors administration & dosage, Middle Aged, Intravitreal Injections, Choroid pathology, Choroid drug effects, Choroid diagnostic imaging, Tomography, Optical Coherence methods, Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized adverse effects, Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized administration & dosage, Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized therapeutic use
- Abstract
Purpose: to analyze the structural changes of choroidal thickness in patients with brolucizumab-related exudative vitritis after intravitreal injection, using EDI-OCT., Methods: One hundred eyes of one hundred patients, affected by exudative age related-macular degeneration treated with brolucizumab intravitreal injection between January 2022 and august 2023 at Eye clinic of University of Federico II Naples, were enrolled. All eyes underwent macular examination using Enhanced Deep Imaging-OCT (Spectralis, Heidelberg Engineering inc.) preoperatively and at each postoperative check (1, 3, 6, 12 months). Anterior segment evaluation at slit lamp before and after injection was performed., Results: Of the 100 treated eyes, 4 showed inflammatory signs related to exudative vitreitis, with inflammation signs at slit lamp examination and confirmed by OCT and B scan ecography. EDI-OCT revealed, in all of these 4 patients, a significant increase of choroidal thickness compared to baseline., Conclusion: choroidal thickness could be correlated in the inflammatory response generated in patients undergoing treatment with brolucizumab., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest All authors certify that they have no affiliations with or involvement in any organization or entity with any financial interest (such as honoraria; educational grants; participation in speakers’ bureaus; membership, employment, consultancies, stock ownership, or other equity interest; and expert testimony or patent-licensing arrangements), or non-financial interest (such as personal or professional relationships, affiliations, knowledge or beliefs) in the subject matter or materials discussed in this manuscript., (Copyright © 2024. Published by Elsevier B.V.)
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- 2024
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20. Epigenetics in Glaucoma.
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D'Esposito F, Gagliano C, Bloom PA, Cordeiro MF, Avitabile A, Gagliano G, Costagliola C, Avitabile T, Musa M, and Zeppieri M
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- Humans, Glaucoma genetics, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Epigenesis, Genetic, DNA Methylation, Glaucoma, Open-Angle genetics
- Abstract
Primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) is defined as a "genetically complex trait", where modifying factors act on a genetic predisposing background. For the majority of glaucomatous conditions, DNA variants are not sufficient to explain pathogenesis. Some genes are clearly underlying the more "Mendelian" forms, while a growing number of related polymorphisms in other genes have been identified in recent years. Environmental, dietary, or biological factors are known to influence the development of the condition, but interactions between these factors and the genetic background are poorly understood. Several studies conducted in recent years have led to evidence that epigenetics, that is, changes in the pattern of gene expression without any changes in the DNA sequence, appear to be the missing link. Different epigenetic mechanisms have been proven to lead to glaucomatous changes in the eye, principally DNA methylation, post-translational histone modification, and RNA-associated gene regulation by non-coding RNAs. The aim of this work is to define the principal epigenetic actors in glaucoma pathogenesis. The identification of such mechanisms could potentially lead to new perspectives on therapeutic strategies.
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- 2024
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21. Compatibility of a New Ocular Surface Dye with Disposable and Bi-Weekly Soft Contact Lenses: An Experimental Study.
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Troisi M, Caruso C, D'Andrea L, Rinaldi M, Piscopo R, Troisi S, and Costagliola C
- Abstract
Ocular surface staining for assessing corneal and conjunctival epithelium integrity is typically conducted using fluorescein, lissamine green, or rose Bengal dyes. Recently, a novel vital dye, REmark
® , based on riboflavin, has been proposed for ocular surface examination. In the management of corneal and ocular surface diseases (OSD), the use of contact lenses is integral to therapeutic strategies. This study explores the compatibility of REmark® with four different types of disposable or bi-weekly soft contact lenses. Morphological variations observed under stereomicroscopy and ultraviolet (UV) ray transmittance in the visible spectrum (VIS) were evaluated at 2 and 4 h post-immersion of the contact lenses in both the original fluid and the new dye. The findings indicate no significant differences between the group treated with the original liquid and those immersed in REmark® , except for a yellow hue observed in the latter group, which dissipates after 8 h in physiological solution. This study highlights the potential of utilizing the new vital dye for ophthalmologic examinations even in the presence of applied soft contact lenses, offering a promising avenue for improved diagnostic practices and patient comfort.- Published
- 2024
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22. Corneal collagen cross-linking in patients with keratoconus from the Dresden protocol to customized solutions: theoretical basis.
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Caruso C, D'Andrea L, Troisi M, Rinaldi M, Piscopo R, Troisi S, and Costagliola C
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Keratoconus is an ectatic condition characterized by gradual corneal thinning, corneal protrusion, progressive irregular astigmatism, corneal fibrosis, and visual impairment. The therapeutic options regarding improvement of visual function include glasses or soft contact lenses correction for initial stages, gas-permeable rigid contact lenses, scleral lenses, implantation of intrastromal corneal ring or corneal transplants for most advanced stages. In keratoconus cases showing disease progression corneal collagen crosslinking (CXL) has been proven to be an effective, minimally invasive and safe procedure. CXL consists of a photochemical reaction of corneal collagen by riboflavin stimulation with ultraviolet A radiation, resulting in stromal crosslinks formation. The aim of this review is to carry out an examination of CXL methods based on theoretical basis and mathematical models, from the original Dresden protocol to the most recent developments in the technique, reporting the changes proposed in the last 15y and examining the advantages and disadvantages of the various treatment protocols. Finally, the limits of non-standardized methods and the perspectives offered by a customization of the treatment are highlighted., Competing Interests: Conflicts of Interest: Caruso C, None; D'Andrea L, None; Troisi M, None; Rinaldi M, None; Piscopo R, None; Troisi S, None; Costagliola C, None., (International Journal of Ophthalmology Press.)
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- 2024
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23. T-shaped pars plana scleral incision to remove large intraocular foreign body.
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Toro MD, Nowomiejska K, Concilio M, Motta L, Rekas KM, Costagliola C, Avitabile T, Castellino N, Caputo G, Choragiewicz T, and Rejdak R
- Abstract
Aim: To investigate the efficacy and safety profile of T-shaped pars plana scleral incision technique in removing large intraocular foreign bodies, during 23-gauge pars plana vitrectomy., Methods: Retrospective interventional case series that included patients diagnosed with a large intraocular foreign body (IOFB). Possible postoperative complications were recorded 24 h, 1 month, 3 and 6 months postoperatively., Results: Thirty eyes of 30 patients (48 ± 5 years old) were enrolled. All IOFBs were successfully removed: mean diameters of 7.8 ± 2.0 mm and 2.6 ± 0.3 mm. Silicone oil and sulfur hexafluoride were used in 27 and 3 eyes, respectively. Lensectomy was performed in 27 eyes. Intraocular lens was implanted at first attempt in 12 eyes; during a second operation in 12 eyes and 6 eyes remained aphakic. At any follow-up, no signs of postoperative complications were observed. Secondary retinal detachment occurred in 12 eyes. Mean preoperative corrected distance visual acuity was 0.04, on the Snellen scale; it increased to 0.07, at last follow-up. Mean intraocular pressure was 17.97 mmHg. All eyes were preserved., Conclusion: T-shaped scleral incision could be an effective, safe and easy-to-perform standard procedure to remove large IOFBs during pars plana vitrectomy, without increasing the risk of surgical complications and additional damage to the ocular tissues., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. The author(s) declared that they were an editorial board member of Frontiers, at the time of submission. This had no impact on the peer review process and the final decision., (Copyright © 2024 Toro, Nowomiejska, Concilio, Motta, Rekas, Costagliola, Avitabile, Castellino, Caputo, Choragiewicz and Rejdak.)
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- 2024
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24. Reply to comment on: Optical coherence tomography angiography in central serous chorioretinopathy treated with oral eplerenone and half-fluence photodynamic therapy: A comparative study.
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Clemente L, Cennamo G, Montorio D, Fossataro F, Passaro ML, and Costagliola C
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- Humans, Administration, Oral, Visual Acuity, Photosensitizing Agents therapeutic use, Tomography, Optical Coherence, Central Serous Chorioretinopathy drug therapy, Central Serous Chorioretinopathy diagnosis, Fluorescein Angiography methods, Eplerenone administration & dosage, Eplerenone therapeutic use, Photochemotherapy methods, Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonists administration & dosage, Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonists therapeutic use, Spironolactone administration & dosage
- Abstract
Competing Interests: Declaration of conflicting interestsThe authors declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article.
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- 2024
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25. Quality assurance in corneal transplants: Donor cornea assessment and oversight.
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Romano V, Passaro ML, Ruzza A, Parekh M, Airaldi M, Levis HJ, Ferrari S, Costagliola C, Semeraro F, and Ponzin D
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- Humans, Donor Selection standards, Donor Selection methods, Cornea, Tissue and Organ Procurement standards, Corneal Diseases surgery, Corneal Transplantation methods, Corneal Transplantation standards, Quality Assurance, Health Care, Eye Banks standards, Tissue Donors
- Abstract
The cornea is the most frequently transplanted human tissue, and corneal transplantation represents the most successful allogeneic transplant worldwide. In order to obtain good surgical outcome and visual rehabilitation and to ensure the safety of the recipient, accurate screening of donors and donor tissues is necessary throughout the process. This mitigates the risks of transmission to the recipient, including infectious diseases and environmental contaminants, and ensures high optical and functional quality of the tissues. The process can be divided into 3 stages: (1) donor evaluation and selection before tissue harvest performed by the retrieval team, (2) tissue analysis during the storage phase conducted by the eye bank technicians after the retrieval, and, (3) tissue quality checks undertaken by the surgeons in the operating room before transplantation. Although process improvements over the years have greatly enhanced safety, quality, and outcome of the corneal transplants, a lack of standardization between centers during certain phases of the process still remains, and may impact on the quality and number of transplanted corneas. Here we detail the donor screening process for the retrieval teams, eye bank operators. and ophthalmic surgeons and examine the limitations associated with each of these stages., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
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- 2024
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26. Targeting shared pathways in tauopathies and age-related macular degeneration: implications for novel therapies.
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Rinaldi M, Pezone A, Quadrini GI, Abbadessa G, Laezza MP, Passaro ML, Porcellini A, and Costagliola C
- Abstract
The intricate parallels in structure and function between the human retina and the central nervous system designate the retina as a prospective avenue for understanding brain-related processes. This review extensively explores the shared physiopathological mechanisms connecting age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and proteinopathies, with a specific focus on tauopathies. The pivotal involvement of oxidative stress and cellular senescence emerges as key drivers of pathogenesis in both conditions. Uncovering these shared elements not only has the potential to enhance our understanding of intricate neurodegenerative diseases but also sets the stage for pioneering therapeutic approaches in AMD., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2024 Rinaldi, Pezone, Quadrini, Abbadessa, Laezza, Passaro, Porcellini and Costagliola.)
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- 2024
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27. Comparative Analysis of Tomographic Indicators Forecasting Decompensation in Fuchs Endothelial Corneal Dystrophy.
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Passaro ML, Airaldi M, Ancona C, Cucco R, Costagliola C, Semeraro F, and Romano V
- Abstract
Purpose: To compare the performance of 3 commercially available tomographers (the Pentacam Scheimpflug camera, the swept-source optical coherence tomography Casia, and the blue light slit-scanning tomographer Precisio) in the identification of patterns associated with Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy (FECD) decompensation., Methods: This was a clinic-based cross-sectional imaging study. Pachymetry maps and posterior surface elevation maps were acquired with the 3 devices from 61 eyes affected by FECD. The maps were graded according to the evidence of tomographic patterns predictive of FECD decompensation (loss of parallel isopachs, displacement of the thinnest point, and focal posterior depression) by 2 blind cornea specialists., Results: The loss of parallel isopachs was significantly less frequently evident in Pentacam pachymetry maps [8%, 95% confidence interval (CI) (3%, 18%)] compared with both the Casia [31%, 95% CI (20%, 44%), P = 0.01] and Precisio devices [24%, 95% CI (15%, 37%), P = 0.05]. The displacement of the thinnest point was graded as most evident in a significantly higher proportion of Precisio pachymetry maps [43%, 95% CI (31%, 55%)] compared with both the Pentacam [13%, 95% CI (6%, 24%), P = 0.001] and Casia devices [21%, 95% CI (12%, 33%), P = 0.03]. There were no significant differences in the identification of focal posterior depression on posterior elevation maps across the 3 devices., Conclusions: Identification of patterns predictive of FECD prognosis on pachymetry and posterior elevation maps is possible with different devices. However, their evidence varies across tomographers, and the results from different devices are not interchangeable., Competing Interests: The authors have no funding or conflicts of interest to disclose., (Copyright © 2024 The Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.)
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- 2024
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28. Congenital Optic Disc Anomalies: Insights from Multimodal Imaging.
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Cennamo G, Rinaldi M, Concilio M, and Costagliola C
- Abstract
In this comprehensive review, we delve into the significance of multimodal imaging in diagnosing and managing complications of congenital optic disc anomalies. While the fundus examination is the gold standard tool in the diagnosis of these pathologies, spectral domain (SD) optical coherence tomography (OCT) and optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) could shed light on the pathogenesis and treatment. Moreover, this review seeks to offer a comprehensive insight into the multimodal approach of these rare congenital pathologies. In conclusion, congenital anomalies of the optic nerve represent a major challenge for ophthalmologists. Further research could be useful to clarify the pathophysiology of these diseases and define a correct and more specific treatment approach.
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- 2024
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29. Reply to Wostyn, P. Targeting the Cerebrospinal Fluid Compartment in Glaucoma: Still the Dark Side of the Moon? Comment on "Passaro et al. Glaucoma as a Tauopathy-Is It the Missing Piece in the Glaucoma Puzzle? J. Clin. Med . 2023, 12 , 6900".
- Author
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Passaro ML, Matarazzo F, Abbadessa G, Pezone A, Porcellini A, Tranfa F, Rinaldi M, and Costagliola C
- Abstract
We are grateful to the author of the comment [...].
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- 2024
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30. RP1 Dominant p.Ser740* Pathogenic Variant in 20 Knowingly Unrelated Families Affected by Rod-Cone Dystrophy: Potential Founder Effect in Western Sicily.
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D'Esposito F, Randazzo V, Vega MI, Esposito G, Maltese PE, Torregrossa S, Scibetta P, Listì F, Gagliano C, Scalia L, Pioppo A, Marino A, Piergentili M, Malvone E, Fioretti T, Vitrano A, Piccione M, Avitabile T, Salvatore F, Bertelli M, Costagliola C, Cordeiro MF, Maggio A, and D'Alcamo E
- Subjects
- Humans, Sicily epidemiology, Founder Effect, Eye Proteins, Phenotype, Pedigree, Mutation, DNA Mutational Analysis, Microtubule-Associated Proteins genetics, Cone-Rod Dystrophies genetics, Retinitis Pigmentosa genetics, Retinitis Pigmentosa diagnosis
- Abstract
Background and Objectives . Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) is the most common inherited rod-cone dystrophy (RCD), resulting in nyctalopia, progressive visual field, and visual acuity decay in the late stages. The autosomal dominant form (ADRP) accounts for about 20% of RPs. Among the over 30 genes found to date related to ADRP, RP1 pathogenic variants have been identified in 5-10% of cases. In a cohort of RCD patients from the Palermo province on the island of Sicily, we identified a prevalent nonsense variant in RP1 , which was associated with ADRP. The objective of our study was to analyse the clinical and molecular data of this patient cohort and to evaluate the potential presence of a founder effect. Materials and Methods . From 2005 to January 2023, 84 probands originating from Western Sicily (Italy) with a diagnosis of RCD or RP and their relatives underwent deep phenotyping, which was performed in various Italian clinical institutions. Molecular characterisation of patients and familial segregation of pathogenic variants were carried out in different laboratories using Sanger and/or next-generation sequencing (NGS). Results. Among 84 probands with RCD/RP, we found 28 heterozygotes for the RP1 variant c.2219C>G, p.Ser740* ((NM_006269.2)*, which was therefore significantly prevalent in this patient cohort. After a careful interview process, we ascertained that some of these patients shared the same pedigree. Therefore, we were ultimately able to define 20 independent family groups with no traceable consanguinity. Lastly, analysis of clinical data showed, in our patients, that the p.Ser740* nonsense variant was often associated with a late-onset and relatively mild phenotype. Conclusions . The high prevalence of the p.Ser740* variant in ADRP patients from Western Sicily suggests the presence of a founder effect, which has useful implications for the molecular diagnosis of RCD in patients coming from this Italian region. This variant can be primarily searched for in RP-affected subjects displaying compatible modes of transmission and phenotypes, with an advantage in terms of the required costs and time for analysis. Moreover, given its high prevalence, the RP1 p.Ser740* variant could represent a potential candidate for the development of therapeutic strategies based on gene editing or translational read-through therapy for suppression of nonsense variants.
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- 2024
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31. Combined or sequential DMEK in cases of cataract and Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy-A systematic review and meta-analysis.
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Romano V, Passaro ML, Bachmann B, Baydoun L, Ni Dhubhghaill S, Dickman M, Levis HJ, Parekh M, Rodriguez-Calvo-De-Mora M, Costagliola C, Virgili G, and Semeraro F
- Subjects
- Humans, Endothelium, Corneal transplantation, Retrospective Studies, Descemet Membrane surgery, Cell Count, Fuchs' Endothelial Dystrophy surgery, Descemet Stripping Endothelial Keratoplasty adverse effects, Cataract complications
- Abstract
To compare the outcomes of Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK) performed after phacoemulsification and intraocular lens (IOL) implantation (sequential DMEK) and DMEK combined with phacoemulsification and IOL implantation (combined DMEK) in patients with Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy (FECD) and cataract. Systematic literature review and meta-analysis performed according to the PRISMA guidelines and registered in PROSPERO. Literature searches were conducted in Medline and Scopus. Comparative studies reporting sequential DMEK and combined DMEK in FECD patients were included. The main outcome measure of the study was the corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA) improvement. Secondary outcomes were postoperative endothelial cell density (ECD), rebubbling rate and primary graft failure rate. Bias risk was assessed and a quality appraisal of the body of evidence was completed using the Cochrane Robin-I tool. A total of 667 eyes (5 studies) were included in this review, 292 eyes (43.77%) underwent a combined DMEK, while 375 (56.22%) eyes underwent a sequential DMEK surgery. We found no evidence of a difference between the two groups (mean difference, 95% CI) regarding: (1) CDVA improvement (-0.06; -0.14, 0.03 LogMAR; 3 studies, I
2 : 0%; p = 0.86); (2) postoperative ECD (-62; -190, 67 cells/mm2 ; 4 studies, I2 : 67%; p = 0.35); (3) rebubbling (risks ratio: 1.04; 0.59, 1.85; 4 studies, I2 : 48%; p = 0.89); and primary graft failure rate (risks ratio: 0.91; 0.32, 2.57; 3 studies, I2 : 0%; p = 0.86). Of all the 5 non-randomized studies, all (100%) were graded as low quality. The overall quality of the analysed studies was low. Randomized controlled trials are needed to confirm no difference or superiority of one approach in terms of CDVA, endothelial cell count and postoperative complication rate between the two arms., (© 2023 The Authors. Acta Ophthalmologica published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Acta Ophthalmologica Scandinavica Foundation.)- Published
- 2024
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32. Changes in macular pigment optical density after full-thickness macular hole closure using inverted flap technique.
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Rinaldi M, Cennamo G, Passaro ML, and Costagliola C
- Subjects
- Humans, Middle Aged, Photosensitizing Agents, Retinal Perforations surgery, Macular Pigment, Photochemotherapy methods, Retinal Diseases
- Abstract
Full-thickness macular hole (FTMH) is a debilitating retinal disorder, particularly in its advanced forms, necessitating surgical intervention for vision restoration. This case report details the successful closure of a large FTMH using the inverted flap technique, highlighting the essential role of multimodal imaging, and particularly macular pigment optical density (MPOD) assessment, in preoperative and postoperative evaluation. A 55-year-old patient presented with severe vision loss in one eye due to a large FTMH. Surgery was performed by an expert vitreoretinal surgeon, resulting in significant postoperative improvements in visual acuity and retinal architecture. Multimodal imaging, including MPOD assessment, played a pivotal role in preoperative evaluation and postoperative monitoring. The notable increase in MPOD following successful surgery suggests its potential role as a valuable adjunctive biomarker associated with a good visual prognosis following this type of macular hole surgical interventions., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest All authors certify that they have no affiliations with or involvement in any organization or entity with any financial interest (such as honoraria; educational grants; participation in speakers’ bureaus; membership, employment, consultancies, stock ownership, or other equity interest; and expert testimony or patent-licensing arrangements), or non-financial interest (such as personal or professional relationships, affiliations, knowledge or beliefs) in the subject matter or materials discussed in this manuscript., (Copyright © 2023. Published by Elsevier B.V.)
- Published
- 2024
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33. Exploring the Impact of Glycemic Control on Diabetic Retinopathy: Emerging Models and Prognostic Implications.
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Tecce N, Cennamo G, Rinaldi M, Costagliola C, and Colao A
- Abstract
This review addresses the complexities of type 1 diabetes (T1D) and its associated complications, with a particular focus on diabetic retinopathy (DR). This review outlines the progression from non-proliferative to proliferative diabetic retinopathy and diabetic macular edema, highlighting the role of dysglycemia in the pathogenesis of these conditions. A significant portion of this review is devoted to technological advances in diabetes management, particularly the use of hybrid closed-loop systems (HCLSs) and to the potential of open-source HCLSs, which could be easily adapted to different patients' needs using big data analytics and machine learning. Personalized HCLS algorithms that integrate factors such as patient lifestyle, dietary habits, and hormonal variations are highlighted as critical to reducing the incidence of diabetes-related complications and improving patient outcomes.
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- 2024
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34. Optic Nerve Head and Retinal Changes in Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension: Correlation with Short-Term Cerebrospinal Fluid Pressure Monitoring.
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Toro MD, Castellino N, Russo A, Scollo D, Avitabile T, Rejdak R, Rejdak M, Cimino V, Costagliola C, Carnevali A, and Chisari CG
- Abstract
Background: We aimed to assess the status of the optic nerve and retina by optical coherence tomography (OCT) in a group of patients with idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) on the basis of dynamic changes in intracranial pressure., Methods: This observational and cross-sectional study included patients affected by idiopathic intracranial hypertension with papilledema (IIHWP) and patients with idiopathic intracranial hypertension without papilledema (IIHWOP). All participants underwent an OCT examination of the macula and optic nerve head. Parameters related to intracranial pressure, including cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) opening pressure (oCSFp), CSF mean pressure (mCSFp), and pulse wave amplitude (PWA), were included in the analysis., Results: Out of the 22 subjects enlisted for the study, a total of 16 patients suggestive of IIH were finally enrolled. Papilledema was detected in nine subjects (56.2%) and seven patients were affected by IIHWOP (43.7%). The OCT examination showed a higher mean RNFL thickness in IIHWP patients in comparison to IIHWOP in both eyes ( p < 0.05 and p < 0.01, respectively). Intracranial pressure (ICP) measurements showed that IIHWP had higher values of oCSFp, mCSFp, and PWA compared to IIHWOP ( p = 0.0001, p = 0.0001, and p = 0.0001, respectively). In addition, ICP parameters significantly correlated with RNFL., Conclusions: Clinical parameters suggestive of idiopathic intracranial hypertension are associated with retina and optic nerve OCT parameters. OCT is a useful tool to detect these alterations in a non-invasive fashion.
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- 2024
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35. OCT angiography indices and the choroidal vascularity index in wild-type transthyretin (TTR) amyloidosis (ATTRwt).
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Rinaldi M, Tranfa F, Chiosi F, Campagna G, De Bernardo M, Gioia M, Natale F, Caiazza M, Dongiglio F, Verrillo F, Palmiero G, Limongelli G, and Costagliola C
- Abstract
Purpose: Retinal angiopathy represents a well-known ocular manifestation of hereditary transthyretin amyloidosis (ATTRv). Until recently, there have been no reports on retinal changes in ATTRwt. In this retrospective observational clinical study, we aimed to determine whether vessel density (VD) indices and the choroidal vascularity index (CVI) could offer insights into retinal and choroidal vascular changes among patients affected by ATTRwt., Methods: Eighteen patients with a confirmed diagnosis of ATTRwt underwent structural optical coherence tomography (OCT) and OCT angiography (OCTA). We established a control group consisting of 16 healthy subjects for statistical comparisons. The 3D OCT and OCTA datasets were analyzed to assess retinal and choroidal thickness and VD. For measuring CVI, we obtained measurements for the total choroid area (TCA), luminal area (LA), and stromal area (SA)., Results: The mean VD exhibited a statistically significant reduction in the superficial capillary plexus (SCP), deep capillary plexus (DCP), and choriocapillaris (CC) among the ATTRwt group in comparison to the control group ( p < 0.0001). Notably, ATTRwt patients displayed decreased choroidal thickness ( p = 0.08). Additionally, the median CVI was lower in the ATTRwt group than in the control group ( p = 0.04)., Conclusion: The indices from OCTA and CVI have the potential to serve as non-invasive biomarkers for the quantitative evaluation of retinal and choroidal vascular involvement in patients with ATTRwt., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2024 Rinaldi, Tranfa, Chiosi, Campagna, De Bernardo, Gioia, Natale, Caiazza, Dongiglio, Verrillo, Palmiero, Limongelli and Costagliola.)
- Published
- 2024
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36. Glaucoma as a Tauopathy-Is It the Missing Piece in the Glaucoma Puzzle?
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Passaro ML, Matarazzo F, Abbadessa G, Pezone A, Porcellini A, Tranfa F, Rinaldi M, and Costagliola C
- Abstract
Glaucoma is a chronic neurodegenerative disorder affecting the visual system which can result in vision loss and blindness. The pathogenetic mechanisms underlying glaucomatous optic neuropathy are ultimately enigmatic, prompting ongoing investigations into its potential shared pathogenesis with other neurodegenerative neurological disorders. Tauopathies represent a subclass of neurodegenerative diseases characterized by the abnormal deposition of tau protein within the brain and consequent microtubule destabilization. The extended spectrum of tauopathies includes conditions such as frontotemporal dementias, progressive supranuclear palsy, chronic traumatic encephalopathy, and Alzheimer's disease. Notably, recent decades have witnessed emerging documentation of tau inclusion among glaucoma patients, providing substantiation that this ocular disease may similarly manifest features of tauopathies. These studies found that: (i) aggregated tau inclusions are present in the somatodendritic compartment of RGCs in glaucoma patients; (ii) the etiology of the disease may affect tau splicing, phosphorylation, oligomerization, and subcellular localization; and (iii) short interfering RNA against tau, administered intraocularly, significantly decreased retinal tau accumulation and enhanced RGC somas and axon survival, demonstrating a crucial role for tau modifications in ocular hypertension-induced neuronal injury. Here, we examine the most recent evidence surrounding the interplay between tau protein dysregulation and glaucomatous neurodegeneration. We explore the novel perspective of glaucoma as a tau-associated disorder and open avenues for cross-disciplinary collaboration and new treatment strategies.
- Published
- 2023
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37. Multimodal imaging in differential diagnosis between papilledema and choroidal neovascularization associated with morning glory syndrome.
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Cennamo G, Montorio D, Brescia Morra V, and Costagliola C
- Abstract
Purpose: To describe the role of optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) to help in differential diagnosis between papilledema and a rare case of choroidal neovascularization (CNV) associated with Morning Glory Syndrome (MGS)., Methods: Observational case report., Results: A 22-year old man was referred to Eye clinic from Neurological unit with a diagnosis of papilledema in right eye. OCTA scans on the optic disc revealed a dense radial peripapillary vascular network while two polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV) were present in peripapillary region at the edge of staphyloma in corrispondence of choriocapillary layer. Therefore, the patient underwent three-monthly intravitreal injections of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor. One and six months after loading phase, the PCVs showed no clinical activity at structural spectral domain-OCT and OCTA., Conclusion: This case revealed the crucial role of OCTA as an efficace diagnostic technique in discriminating papilledema from MGS complicated by CNV, allowing to make differential diagnosis, useful in ophthalmological and neurological clinical practice., Competing Interests: Declaration of conflicting interestsThe author(s) declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article.
- Published
- 2023
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38. Optical coherence tomography angiography in Bietti crystalline dystrophy.
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Montemagni M, Arrigo A, Battaglia Parodi M, Bianco L, Antropoli A, Malegori A, Bandello F, Tranfa F, and Costagliola C
- Abstract
Purpose: Bietti crystalline dystrophy (BCD) is a rare autosomal recessive retinal dystrophy caused by pathogenic variants of CYP4V2 gene and characterized by shiny yellow deposits in the retina and progressive atrophy of the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) and choriocapillaris. The main aim of the present study is to describe the optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) characteristics of a patient affected by BCD., Methods: A 59-years-old female with genetically confirmed BCD underwent an ophthalmological examination complete of OCTA performed in the atrophic retina, the junctional zone and the apparently normal retina. The area of choriocapillaris (CC) atrophy was compared to the area of RPE atrophy on fundus autofluorescence (FAF) imaging., Results: A severe vessel density (VD) deficit at the level of superficial and deep capillary plexa as well as CC was registered in atrophic areas, which resulted deeper with respect to the junctional area, whereas the apparently preserved retina revealed VD values similar to that of control eyes. The area of RPE atrophy on FAF was larger (55.90 mm
2 in right eye and 48.76 mm2 in left eye) than the area of CC atrophy on OCTA imaging (51.86 mm2 and 42.44 mm2 respectively in right and left eye)., Conclusions: Our findings suggest that VD impairment of retinal plexa and CC follows the degeneration of RPE as demonstrated by the greater size of the area of RPE atrophy compared to CC atrophy. Further investigations based on OCTA imaging are necessary to enhance our knowledge of this rare disease., Competing Interests: Declaration of conflicting interestsThe author(s) declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article.- Published
- 2023
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39. Qualitative and quantitative analysis of an explanted opacified hydrophilic IOL after over two years from cataract surgery.
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Tripodi S, Toro MD, Rejdak R, Costagliola C, Avitabile T, Carnevali A, Bruzzichessi D, Gambaro S, and Porta A
- Abstract
Opacification of hydrophilic intraocular lenses (IOLs) is an uncommon complication, that can appear after uneventful cataract surgery. We report a case of opacified Hydroview® IOL in a 76-year-old woman, with a previous history of pars plana vitrectomy with silicon oil tamponade in her right eye for a proliferative diabetic retinopathy, who developed an opacification of the IOL after over two years from a silicon oil/BSS exchange in combination with an uneventful phacoemulsification. The patient complained about a progressive decrease in her visual acuity. The slit-lamp examination confirmed the opacification of the IOL. Therefore, because of blurred vision, a combined procedure of explant and exchange of the IOL was performed in the same eye. Qualitative (Optic microscope, X-Ray powder Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM)) and quantitative (Instrumental Neutron Activation Analysis (INAA)) analysis of the IOL material were performed. Here, our aim is to report the acquired data of the explanted Hydroview® H60M IOL., Competing Interests: Declaration of conflicting interestsThe author(s) declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article.
- Published
- 2023
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40. Evaluation of changes in epivascular glia before and after intravitreal dexamethasone implant: An OCT pilot study.
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Cennamo G, Montanaro L, Massa L, Malvone E, and Costagliola C
- Subjects
- Humans, Dexamethasone therapeutic use, Glucocorticoids, Pilot Projects, Prospective Studies, Photosensitizing Agents therapeutic use, Tomography, Optical Coherence methods, Intravitreal Injections, Retrospective Studies, Treatment Outcome, Diabetic Retinopathy drug therapy, Photochemotherapy methods, Macula Lutea
- Abstract
Purpose: To detect changes in epivascular glia (EVG) in diabetic retinopathy after intravitreal dexamethasone implant using en face optical coherence tomography (enface OCT) and OCT angiography (OCTA) and to correlate improvements in functional and structural features., Methods: A total of 38 eyes of 38 patients were enroled in this prospective study. They were divided into two different study groups: the first group including 20 eyes with diabetic retinopathy type 1 complicated by macular oedema and the control group including 18 eyes from 18 healthy age-matched patients. The main outcome measures were: (i) differences at baseline in the foveal avascuar zone (FAZ) area in the study group versus control; (ii) the presence of epivascular glia in the study group versus control, (iii) differences at baseline between foveal macular thickness versus control; (iv) changes in foveal macular thickness, FAZ and epivascular glia in the study group before and after intravitreal dexamethasone implant., Results: At baseline FAZ area detected at OCTA was larger in the study group than in the control group, and epivascular glia was only detected in the study group. Three months after intravitreal injection of dexamethasone implant in the study group the best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) improved and central macular tickness reduced (P<0.0001). No significant differences were found in FAZ area while epivascular glia disappeared in 80% of the patients after treatment., Conclusions: Glia activation due to retinal inflammation in diabetic retinopathy (DR) can be detected on en face-OCT as epivascular glia. Intravitreal dexamethasone (DEX) implant improves both the anatomical and functional condition in the presence of these signs., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest All authors certify that they have no affiliations with or involvement in any organization or entity with any financial interest (such as honoraria; educational grants; participation in speakers’ bureaus; membership, employment, consultancies, stock ownership, or other equity interest; and expert testimony or patent-licensing arrangements), or non-financial interest (such as personal or professional relationships, affiliations, knowledge or beliefs) in the subject matter or materials discussed in this manuscript., (Copyright © 2023. Published by Elsevier B.V.)
- Published
- 2023
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41. Reply to comment on: Morphovascular changes after Anti-VEGF intravitreal injection for a choroidal neovascularization secondary to COVID-19 infection in a pediatric patient.
- Author
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Cennamo G, Massa L, Montanaro L, Magli A, and Costagliola C
- Subjects
- Humans, Child, Intravitreal Injections, Photosensitizing Agents therapeutic use, Ranibizumab therapeutic use, Photochemotherapy methods, COVID-19, Choroidal Neovascularization drug therapy
- Abstract
Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest All authors certify that they have no affiliations with or involvement in any organization or entity with any financial interest (such as honoraria; educational grants; participation in speakers’ bureaus; membership, employment, consultancies, stock ownership, or other equity interest; and expert testimony or patent-licensing arrangements), or non-financial interest (such as personal or professional relationships, affiliations, knowledge or beliefs) in the subject matter or materials discussed in this manuscript.
- Published
- 2023
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42. Scleral flaps, pars plana vitrectomy and gore-tex sutured posterior chamber intraocular lens placement: a case series and review of literature.
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Napolitano P, Filippelli M, Carosielli M, Costagliola C, and Dell'Omo R
- Abstract
Introduction: Cataract surgery is one of the most common surgical procedures performed worldwide. Intraocular lens (IOL) implants are placed routinely in the capsular bag after successful cataract extraction. However, in the absence of adequate capsular support, IOL may be placed in the anterior chamber, fixated to the iris or fixated to the sclera. The purpose of this study is to report the clinical outcomes and safety profile of a trans-scleral sutured intraocular lens (IOL) technique using scleral flaps, vitrectomy, and Gore-Tex suture to place posterior chamber IOL., Methods: Retrospective, interventional case series of eyes undergoing scleral fixation of an IOL using Gore-Tex suture with concurrent vitrectomy. Ocular examination with the logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution visual acuity (logMAR BCVA), tonometry, and slit-lamp biomicroscopy was performed on all patients at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months after the operation. All post-operative complications were recorded., Results: Twenty-five eyes of 25 patients were included. Mean logMAR BCVA improved from 0.43 ± 0.36 (20\40 Snellen equivalent) preoperatively to 0.13 ± 0.18 (20\25 Snellen equivalent) postoperatively at 12 months (p<0.01). Indications included surgical aphakia (16) and dislocated lens implant (9). No cases of IOL opacification, suprachoroidal haemorrhage, post-operative endophthalmitis, IOL dislocation, Gore-Tex exposure, or retinal detachment were observed during the follow-up period., Conclusion: Ab externo scleral fixation of IOLs with Gore-Tex suture plus scleral flap is well tolerated and associated with a very low rate of suture exposition. Moreover, our study confirms excellent refractive outcomes after surgery., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. The author CC declared that they were an editorial board member of Frontiers, at the time of submission. This had no impact on the peer review process and the final decision., (Copyright © 2023 Napolitano, Filippelli, Carosielli, Costagliola and Dell’Omo.)
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- 2023
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43. How to Set Up Genetic Counselling for Inherited Macular Dystrophies: Focus on Genetic Characterization.
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Raimondi R, D'Esposito F, Sorrentino T, Tsoutsanis P, De Rosa FP, Stradiotto E, Barone G, Rizzato A, Allegrini D, Costagliola C, and Romano MR
- Subjects
- Humans, Genetic Counseling, Macular Degeneration genetics, Macular Degeneration therapy, Retinal Dystrophies genetics, Retinal Dystrophies therapy, Macula Lutea
- Abstract
Inherited macular dystrophies refer to a group of degenerative conditions that predominantly affect the macula in the spectrum of inherited retinal dystrophies. Recent trends indicate a clear need for genetic assessment services in tertiary referral hospitals. However, establishing such a service can be a complex task due to the diverse skills required and multiple professionals involved. This review aims to provide comprehensive guidelines to enhance the genetic characterization of patients and improve counselling efficacy by combining updated literature with our own experiences. Through this review, we hope to contribute to the establishment of state-of-the-art genetic counselling services for inherited macular dystrophies.
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- 2023
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44. Morphovascular changes after anti-VEGF intravitreal injection for a choroidal neovascularization secondary to COVID-19 infection in a pediatric patient.
- Author
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Cennamo G, Massa L, Montanaro L, Magli A, and Costagliola C
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Humans, Child, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A, Angiogenesis Inhibitors therapeutic use, Intravitreal Injections, Quality of Life, Photosensitizing Agents therapeutic use, Ranibizumab therapeutic use, Tomography, Optical Coherence, Fluorescein Angiography, Retrospective Studies, Photochemotherapy methods, COVID-19 complications, COVID-19 pathology, Choroidal Neovascularization drug therapy, Macula Lutea
- Abstract
Choroidal neovascularization (CNV) is a common pathologic lesion that occurs in various chorioretinopathy. Although the incidence of CNV is quite rare in children and adolescents, these lesions have a severe impact on visual acuity and quality of life over patients' lifetime. The management of CNV in pediatric patients is challenging, clear guidelines are limited due to a lack of randomized clinical trials. However, the more promising option is the use of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) inhibitors. We reported a case of recurrent idiopathic choroidal neovascularization in a healthy pediatric patient after COVID 19 infection. Optical coherence tomography angiofraphy (OCTA) showed, in a non invasive way, a choroidal neovascularization at the posterior pole including macula and superior temporal arcade in the right eye, while the left eye was unaffected. In order to inactivate the neovascularization, intravitreal injections of anti-VEGF (Lucentis-Ranibizumab 0.3 mL) were performed in the right eye. Six months after the injections BCVA of the right eye was improved from 0.7 logMAR to 0.2 logMAR. OCT-A examination did not detect any signs of attivation of the preexistent neovascularization. It is reasonable to assert that Anti-VEGF could be the main treatment in case of choroidal neovascularization in young patients after COVID 19 infection due to the high chorioretinal level of VEGF-A described in these diseases., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest All authors certify that they have no affiliations with or involvement in any organization or entity with any financial interest (such as honoraria; educational grants; participation in speakers’ bureaus; membership, employment, consultancies, stock ownership, or other equity interest; and expert testimony or patent-licensing arrangements), or non-financial interest (such as personal or professional relationships, affiliations, knowledge or beliefs) in the subject matter or materials discussed in this manuscript., (Copyright © 2023 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
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- 2023
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45. Biomarkers of Vitreous Cortex Remnants in Eyes With Primary Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment.
- Author
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dell'Omo R, Carosielli M, Rapino G, Affatato M, Cucciniello P, Virgili G, Filippelli M, Costagliola C, and Campagna G
- Subjects
- Humans, Visual Acuity, Retina, Vitrectomy methods, Biomarkers, Retinal Detachment diagnosis, Retinal Detachment surgery
- Abstract
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify pre-operative biomarkers of vitreous cortex remnants (VCRs) in eyes with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD)., Methods: Prospective case series of 103 eyes treated with pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) to repair RRD. Pre-operatively, optical coherence tomography (OCT) and B-scan ultrasonography (US) were used to study the vitreo-retinal interface and vitreous cortex status. If detected during PPV, VCRs were removed. Images acquired pre-operatively were compared with intra-operative findings and with postoperative OCT images taken at 1, 3, and 6 months of follow-up. Multivariate regression analyses were performed to determine associations between VCRs and pre-operative variables., Results: The presence of VCRs at the macula (mVCRs) and at the periphery (pVCRs), was ascertained intra-operatively in 57.3% and 53.4% of the eyes, respectively. Pre-operatively, a preretinal hyper-reflective layer (PHL) and a saw-toothed aspect of the retinal surface (SRS) were identified with OCT in 73.8% and 66% of the eyes, respectively. US sections showed a vitreous cortex running close and parallel to the detached retina upon static and kinetic examination (the "lining sign") in 52.4% of the cases. Multivariate regression analyses showed an association between PHL and SRS and intra-operative evidence of mVCRs (P = 0.003 and < 0.0001, respectively) and between SRS and "lining sign" and pVCRs (P = 0.0006 and 0.04, respectively)., Conclusions: PHL and SRS on OCT and the "lining sign" on US appear to be useful pre-operative biomarkers of the intra-operative presence of VCRs., Translational Relevance: Preoperative identification of VCRs biomarkers may help to plan the operating strategy in eyes with RRD.
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- 2023
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46. Corrigendum: Dry eye disease severity and impact on quality of life in type II diabetes mellitus.
- Author
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Zhmud T, Malachkova N, Rejdak R, Costagliola C, Concilio M, Drozhzhyna G, Toro Mario D, and Veretelnyk S
- Abstract
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1103400.]., (Copyright © 2023 Zhmud, Malachkova, Rejdak, Costagliola, Concilio, Drozhzhyna, Toro Mario and Veretelnyk.)
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- 2023
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47. The role of choriocapillaris vessel density in the pathogenesis of macular neovascularization associated with choroidal osteoma.
- Author
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Cennamo G, Iacucci G, Breve MA, Montorio D, Xompero C, and Costagliola C
- Subjects
- Humans, Choroid pathology, Fluorescein Angiography methods, Retrospective Studies, Tomography, Optical Coherence methods, Choroid Neoplasms complications, Choroid Neoplasms diagnosis, Choroidal Neovascularization diagnosis, Choroidal Neovascularization etiology, Choroidal Neovascularization pathology, Osteoma complications, Osteoma diagnosis, Osteoma pathology
- Abstract
Purpose: To detect the vessel density of choriocapillaris (CC) vascular network in eyes affected by choroidal osteoma and in eyes complicated by macular neovascularization (MNV), using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA)., Methods: In this retrospective study, twenty-eight eyes of 28 patients were divided into three groups: group 1 including patients with calcified choroidal osteoma, group 2 including patients with decalcified choroidal osteoma, and group 3 including patients with decalcified choroidal osteoma complicated by MNV. OCTA analyzed the vessel density of CC in these lesions localized in the peripapillary region., Results: We enrolled 12 eyes with calcified choroidal osteoma, 11 eyes with decalcified choroidal osteoma, and 5 eyes with decalcified choroidal osteoma complicated by MNV. The eyes with decalcified choroidal osteoma and MNV revealed a statistically significant reduction in vessel density of the CC respect to the other groups (p < 0.001). Moreover, the vessel density of CC in decalcified choroidal osteoma was significantly reduced compared to calcified choroidal osteoma (p < 0.001)., Conclusions: OCTA allowed a quantitative evaluation of choriocapillaris vessel density in choroidal osteoma, in order to detect the changes of this vascular network, which could lead to the development of MNV. Therefore, OCTA could be a new diagnostic tool in the clinical management of the choroidal osteoma., Clinical Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT05342324., (© 2022. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.)
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- 2023
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48. Corrigendum: A two-year longitudinal study of retinal vascular impairment in patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment.
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Criscuolo C, Cennamo G, Montorio D, Carotenuto A, Migliaccio M, Moccia M, Salvatore E, Lanzillo R, Costagliola C, and Morra VB
- Abstract
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.993621.]., (Copyright © 2023 Criscuolo, Cennamo, Montorio, Carotenuto, Migliaccio, Moccia, Salvatore, Lanzillo, Costagliola and Morra.)
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- 2023
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49. Long-term effects of early/late-onset visual deprivation on macular and retinal nerve fibers layer structure: A pilot study.
- Author
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Magli A, Esposito Veneruso P, Rinaldi M, Caputo R, Tranfa F, and Costagliola C
- Subjects
- Humans, Pilot Projects, Retina diagnostic imaging, Tomography, Optical Coherence methods, Nerve Fibers, Retinal Ganglion Cells, Cataract
- Abstract
Background/aims: Tomographic analysis of macular and peripapillary retinal nerve fibers layer (RNFL) thickness in patients with history of congenital (CC) and developmental cataract (DC)., Methods: Analysis of macular and RNFL thickness using a spectral-domain optical coherence tomography was performed. Retinal layers thickness was measured using the internal segmentation software. Measurements of affected (unilateral and bilateral), contralateral eyes and control eyes were compared., Results: Patients with history of CC or DC (n = 13 and 11 respectively) and 35 healthy control subjects were enrolled. Thicker inner and outer nuclear layers (INL, ONL) and thicker ONL were found when CC and DC group when compared to controls respectively. Bilateral CC showed the most relevant differences. Slight thickening of CC inner retinal layers were found when compared to DC. Increased superonasal RNFL thickness was found in CC group when compared to DC and controls. Thickening of RNFL of contralateral unaffected eyes of unilateral CC were found when compared to controls., Conclusion: Significant macular and RNFL thickness changes between CC, DC patients and controls that partially involve also contralateral unaffected eyes of unilateral congenital cataract were found. CC and DC groups show significant differences only in inner retinal layers thickness. Our data suggest that early visual deprivation may influence retinal arrangements occurring during development involving predominantly the outer nuclear layer and para/perifoveal inner retinal layers, and confirm that early treatment of CC allow to achieve better long-term visual outcome. Moreover functional and structural data support the hypothesis that unilateral amblyopia is not exclusively an unilateral issue., Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist., (Copyright: © 2023 Magli et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.)
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
50. Sympathetic Ophthalmia after Vitreoretinal Surgery without Antecedent History of Trauma: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
- Author
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Ripa M, Panos GD, Rejdak R, Empeslidis T, Toro MD, Costagliola C, Ferrara A, Gotzaridis S, Frisina R, and Motta L
- Abstract
Background: To evaluate the morbidity frequency measures in terms of the cumulative incidence of sympathetic ophthalmia (SO) triggered by single or multiple vitreoretinal (VR) surgery procedures in eyes without an antecedent history of trauma and previous ocular surgery, except for previous or concomitant uneventful lens extraction, and to further investigate the relationship between VR surgery and SO., Methods: A literature search was conducted using PubMed, Embase, and Scopus from inception until 11 November 2022. The Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) critical appraisal checklist for the case series and the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale were used to assess the risk of bias. The research was registered with the PROSPERO database (identifier, CRD42023397792). Meta-analyses were conducted using the measurement of risk and a 95% confidence interval (CI) for each study., Results: A random-effect meta-analysis demonstrated that the pooled cumulative incidence of SO triggered by single or multiple VR surgery procedures in eyes without an antecedent history of trauma and previous ocular surgery, except for previous or concomitant uneventful lens extraction among patients who developed SO regardless of the main trigger, was equal to 0.14 with a CI between 0.08 and 0.21 (I
2 = 78.25, z: 7.24, p < 0.01). The pooled cumulative incidence of SO triggered by single or multiple VR surgery procedures in eyes without an antecedent history of trauma and previous ocular surgery, except for previous or concomitant uneventful lens extraction among patients who underwent VR surgery, was equal to 0.03 for every 100 people, with a confidence interval (CI) between 0.02% and 0.004% (I2 = 27.77, z: 9.11, p = 0.25)., Conclusions: Despite postsurgical SO being a rare entity, it is a sight-threatening disease. VR surgery should be viewed as a possible inciting event for SO and considered when counseling patients undergoing VR surgery.- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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