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This systematic review aims to evaluate the current evidence regarding safety and efficacy of magnetic sphincter augmentation (MSA) for the treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) after laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG). Conversion to Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) carries the risk of surgical and metabolic complications and may be contraindicated in patients with normalized or near-normalized body mass index. The LINX™ procedure aims to restore LES competency and to repair the crura. We included 109 patients (14 studies) undergoing LINX™ implant after LSG. Median follow-up was 18.9 months (range 0.3-63). Both the GERD-HRQL (38 ± 13 vs. 10 ± 11; p = 0.0078) and daily PPI use (97.4% vs. 25.3%; p < 0.0001) were significantly improved. Overall, 31.8% of the patients experienced device-related adverse events, mainly self-limiting. LINX™ explant for esophageal erosion occurred in 0.9% of the patients., (© 2024. The Author(s).)

Restrictive diets (RD) can influence the inflammatory phenotype of dams and their offspring. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the effects of caloric restriction on the neuroinflammatory profile in the hippocampus and the short-term recognition memory of male offspring from RD-fed dams. Mice dams received standard diet ad libitum (CONT) or restrictive diet (RD; 30% reduction of CONT consumption) during pregnancy and lactation. Male pups were weaned at 21 days and randomly divided into two groups that received CONT or RD; groups were named according to maternal/offspring diets: CONT/CONT, CONT/RD, RD/CONT, and RD/RD. At 90 days old, short-term memory was assessed by the object recognition test (ORT); the inflammatory state of the hippocampus was analyzed by gene expression of sirtuin-1 (Sirt1) and inflammasome Nlrp3; and by protein expression of toll-like receptor-4 (TLR-4) and zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1). Our results showed an improvement in short-term memory in RD-fed offspring. The expression of Sirt1 was higher in RD/CONT compared to CONT/CONT and decreased in RD/RD compared to CONT/RD. Nlrp3 gene expression showed an offspring effect, being decreased in RD-fed mice. TLR-4 expression was higher in RD/CONT compared to CONT/CONT, similarly to ZO-1 expression. However, ZO-1 also showed a maternal diet effect and increased expression in the offspring of RD dams. Our findings demonstrate that caloric restriction improved short-term recognition memory. However, a restrictive diet should be applied with caution; depending on the offspring's diet, it may not benefit the neuroinflammatory phenotype or cognition., (Copyright © 2022 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)