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2. Modelling soil water and nutrient dynamics under different irrigation techniques of onion production

Author

Mulu Derbie, Abebech Abera Beyene, Sisay Asres, and Mamaru Yenesew

Subjects
Soil water dynamic, nutrient dynamics, irrigation technique, Hydrus-1D, Hydraulic engineering, TC1-978, Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering, TD1-1066
Abstract

Irrigation remains important to meet the needs of the people by increasing agricultural productivity. However, its water productivity in developing countries is low due to inefficient irrigation water management. The main objective of this study was to evaluate soil water, crop growth and nutrient dynamics under different irrigation techniques. Hydrus-1D model was used to simulate soil water content (SWC), actual evapotranspiration (ETa) and soil leachates. The model performance was evaluated by comparing the measured and simulated treatment variables. The Hydrus-1D performance showed good agreement between the observed and simulated SWC (R2 = 0.55–0.81; NRMSE = 0.01-0.09; d-index = 0.95-0.99) and with a very good agreement for nitrate-nitrogen (NO3–N) leaching (R2 = 0.97, d index = 0.99 and NRMSE = 0.02). Similarly, performance in simulating PO4-P were acceptable (R2 = 0.88; d index = 0.99; NRMSE = 0.04). The value of SWC (cm3 cm−3) ranged from 0.30 to 0.38 at 10 cm and from 0.27 to 0.37 at 20 cm soil depths. The seasonal drainage water was reduced to 86%, 87%, and 54 %, respectively for AFI, FFI, and OHI treatments compared with CFI treatment. The NO3–N leaching was reduced by 41%, 71%, and 83% under AFI, FFI, and OHI compared with CFI while phosphate – P (PO4-P) leaching was 60%, 66%, and 79.6%, respectively, lower in AFI, FFI, and OHI than CFI. The highest seasonal ETa (421.95 mm) was found in CFI while the lowest (335.22 mm) was found in AFI treatment. Besides, the highest IWP (9.11 kg/m3) was obtained from AFI technique indicating that that AFI was the most efficient irrigation technique in saving both nutrient and water under onion production. Hydrus-1D could be a successful tool for predicting water and nutrient transport management decisions to improve water and nutrient management.

Published
2024
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3. Psychological Distress Associated With Suicidal Ideation Among Glaucoma Patients Attending at Tertiary Eye Care Clinic, Gondar, Ethiopia

Author

Fantahun Andualem BSc, Dawed Ali BSc, Techilo Tinsae BSc, Girum Nakie BSc, Getachew Muluye Gedef BSc, Demeke Demilew BSc, Tesfaye Derbie Begashaw BSc, Lidiya Fasil Tegegn BSc, and Jemal Seid BSc

Subjects
Nursing, RT1-120
Abstract

Introduction Suicide is defined as the deliberate taking of one's own life with either implicit or explicit proof; however, it can also refer to the contemplation or actualization of suicide. Suicide is a mental illness with several contributing factors. It is frequently linked to sex, age, health problems, substance misuse, and traumatic life experiences. Objective The purpose of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of suicide thought and attempts among glaucoma patients and its contributing factors in Gondar, Ethiopia, 2022. Methods An observational cross-sectional study was conducted on 422 glaucoma patients at the Tertiary Eye Care Clinic, University of Gondar Comprehensive and Specialized Hospital. Suicidal ideation and attempts were assessed using the suicidality module of the World Mental Health Survey Initiative version of the World Health Organization's Composite International Diagnostic Interview. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regressions were conducted to identify factors associated with suicidal ideation and attempts. The variables with a p -value less than 0.05 and a 95% CI were considered statistically significant. Results The overall prevalence of suicidal ideation and attempt was 6.4% with a 95% CI of 4.3–9.2% and 2.4% with a 95% CI of 1.1–4.3%, respectively. In multivariate analysis, severe psychological distress, moderate psychological distress, mild psychological distress, and current substance use were identified as risk factors for suicidal ideation, whereas living alone, co-morbid chronic medical disease, and ever-present substance use were identified as risk factors for suicidal attempts. Conclusion Based on this study finding, the prevalence of suicidal ideation and attempts was high among glaucoma patients. This study may provide further information to pay much attention to the physical health care of patients with glaucoma. More representative samples, or rather, a cross-sectional study design, should be used in future studies aiming for more precise data.

Published
2024
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4. Depression and its associated factors among textile factory workers at the Almeda textile factory, North Ethiopia

Author

Tesfaye Derbie Begashaw and Fantahun Andualem

Subjects
depressive symptoms, depression, associated factors, textile factory workers, textile factory, Ethiopia, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270
Abstract

BackgroundDepression is becoming a significant burden and a potential cause of disability worldwide. According to a World Health Organization (WHO) study conducted in both developed and developing countries, the prevalence of depression is 10.4%. There are differences in the prevalence of depression among the population based on a number of variables, including concomitant medical problems, substance abuse, employment environment, and demographics. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of depression and its associated risk factors among textile industrial workers.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted on 409 workers from the Almeda Textile Factory in Adwa from May to June 2020. The outcome variable was depression, assessed using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). Variables with p-values of

Published
2024
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5. Global, regional, and national burden of HIV/AIDS, 1990–2021, and forecasts to 2050, for 204 countries and territories: the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021

Author

Carter, Austin, Zhang, Meixin, Tram, Khai Hoan, Walters, Magdalene K, Jahagirdar, Deepa, Brewer, Edmond D, Novotney, Amanda, Lasher, Dylan, Mpolya, Emmanuel A, Vongpradith, Avina, Ma, Jianing, Verma, Megan, Frank, Tahvi D, He, Jiawei, Byrne, Sam, Lin, Christine, Dominguez, Regina-Mae Villanueva, Pease, Spencer A, Comfort, Haley, May, Erin A, Abate, Yohannes Habtegiorgis, Abbastabar, Hedayat, Abdelkader, Atef, Abdi, Parsa, Abdoun, Meriem, Abdul Aziz, Jeza Muhamad, Abidi, Hassan, Abiodun, Olumide, Aboagye, Richard Gyan, Abreu, Lucas Guimarães, Abtew, Yonas Derso, Abu-Gharbieh, Eman, Aburuz, Salahdein, Abu-Zaid, Ahmed, Addo, Isaac Yeboah, Adegboye, Oyelola A, Adekanmbi, Victor, Adetunji, Charles Oluwaseun, Adetunji, Juliana Bunmi, Adeyinka, Daniel Adedayo, Adhikari, Kishor, Adnani, Qorinah Estiningtyas Sakilah, Adzigbli, Leticia Akua, Afrashteh, Fatemeh, Afzal, Saira, Aghamiri, Shahin, Agide, Feleke Doyore, Agodi, Antonella, Agyemang-Duah, Williams, Ahinkorah, Bright Opoku, Ahmad, Faisal, Ahmad, Sajjad, Ahmad, Shahzaib, Ahmad, Aqeel, Ahmed, Ibrar, Ahmed, Haroon, Ahmed, Syed Anees, Ahmed, Safoora, Ahmed, Ali, Ahmed, Mohammed, Ahmed, Ayman, Akalu, Gizachew Taddesse, Akinosoglou, Karolina, Al Awaidy, Salah, Al Hamad, Hanadi, Al Mosa, Amjad S, Al Zaabi, Omar Ali Mohammed, Alalalmeh, Samer O, Alam, Nazmul, Alam, Noore, Alanezi, Fahad Mashhour, Alayu, Daniel Shewaye, AlBataineh, Mohammad T, Alemohammad, Seyedeh Yasaman, Al-Gheethi, Adel Ali Saeed, Ali, Syed Shujait, Ali, Mohammed Usman, Ali, Abid, Ali, Liaqat, Ali, Waad, Al-Ibraheem, Akram, Almazan, Joseph Uy, Altaf, Awais, Altwalbeh, Diala, Alvis-Guzman, Nelson, Al-Zyoud, Walid Adnan, Amani, Reza, Amera, Tewodros Getnet, Ameyaw, Edward Kwabena, Amiri, Sohrab, Amu, Hubert, Amusa, Ganiyu Adeniyi, Anil, Abhishek, Anjorin, Abdul-Azeez Adeyemi, Antonio, Carl Abelardo T, Anwar, Saleha, Anwer, Razique, Anyabolo, Ekenedilichukwu Emmanuel, Anyasodor, Anayochukwu Edward, Apostol, Geminn Louis Carace, Ardekani, Ali, Areda, er, Aregawi, Brhane Berhe, Aremu, Abdulfatai, Armani, Keivan, Asemahagn, Mulusew A, Ashemo, Mubarek Yesse, Ashraf, Tahira, Asika, Marvellous O, Asmerom, Haftu Asmerom, Atout, Maha Moh'd Wahbi, Aujayeb, Avinash, Awad, Hamzeh, Awotidebe, Adedapo Wasiu, Ayala Quintanilla, Beatriz Paulina, Ayele, Firayad, Azadnajafabad, Sina, Aziz, Shahkaar, B, Darshan B, Babu, Giridhara Rathnaiah, Badar, Muhammad, Bahramian, Saeed, Bako, Abdulaziz T, Balcha, Wondu Feyisa, Bam, Kiran, Banik, Biswajit, Bardhan, Mainak, Bärnighausen, Till Winfried, Barqawi, Hiba Jawdat, Basharat, Zarrin, Bashiru, Hameed Akande, Basiru, Afisu, Bastan, Mohammad-Mahdi, Basu, Saurav, Bathini, Prapthi Persis, Batra, Kavita, Batra, Ravi, Bayleyegn, Nebiyou Simegnew, Begum, Tahmina, Behnoush, Amir Hossein, Beiranvand, Maryam, Belete, Melaku Ashagrie, Belete, Abel Cherkos, Beloukas, Apostolos, Beneke, Alice A, Beran, Azizullah, Berhie, Alemshet Yirga, Bermudez, Amiel Nazer C, Bernstein, Robert S, Beyene, Kebede A, Bhardwaj, Pankaj, Bhardwaj, Nikha, Bhat, Ajay Nagesh, Bhat, Vivek, Bhatti, Gurjit Kaur, Bhatti, Jasvinder Singh Singh, Bishaw, Keralem Anteneh, Bisht, Khushboo D, Bodhare, Trupti, Bodunrin, Aadam Olalekan, Boltaev, Azizbek A, Borhany, Hamed, Bouaoud, Souad, Brown, Colin Stewart, Buonsenso, Danilo, Burkart, Katrin, Bustanji, Yasser, Butt, Zahid A, Cao, Chao, Cárdenas, Rosario, Cenderadewi, Muthia, Chadwick, Joshua, Chakraborty, Chiranjib, Chakraborty, Sandip, Chandika, Rama Mohan, Chattu, Vijay Kumar, Chaurasia, Akhilanand, Chen, Guangjin, Ching, Patrick R, Chopra, Hitesh, Choudhari, Sonali Gajanan, Chu, Dinh-Toi, Chukwu, Isaac Sunday, Chung, Eric, Cindi, Zinhle, Couto, Rosa A S, Cruz-Martins, Natalia, Cuadra-Hernández, Silvia Magali, Dabo, Bashir, Dadras, Omid, Dagnew, Gizachew Worku, Dahiru, Tukur, Dai, Xiaochen, Darwesh, Aso Mohammad, das Neves, José, Dash, Nihar Ranjan, Dashti, Mohsen, De la Hoz, Fernando Pio, Debopadhaya, Shayom, Degenhardt, Louisa, Delgado-Enciso, Ivan, Deribe, Kebede, Des Jarlais, Don C, Desai, Hardik Dineshbhai, Deuba, Keshab, Dhane, Amol S, Dhingra, Sameer, Diaz, Daniel, Diaz, Michael R, Ding, Delaney D, Do, Thanh Chi, Dohare, Sushil, Dongarwar, Deepa, dos Santos, Wendel Mombaque, Doshi, Ojas Prakashbhai, Dsouza, Ashel Chelsea, Dsouza, Haneil Larson, Dsouza, Viola Savy, Duraisamy, Senbagam, Dziedzic, Arkadiusz Marian, Ebrahimi, Alireza, Ed-Dra, Abdelaziz, Edinur, Hisham Atan, Efendi, Ferry, Ekholuenetale, Michael, Ekundayo, Temitope Cyrus, El Sayed, Iman, Elhadi, Muhammed, Eltaha, Chadi, Eskandarieh, Sharareh, Eslami, Majid, Eze, Ugochukwu Anthony, Fahim, Ayesha, Fatehizadeh, Ali, Fauk, Nelsensius Klau, Fazeli, Patrick, Fekadu, Ginenus, Ferreira, Nuno, Firew, Belete Sewasew, Fischer, Florian, Folayan, Morenike Oluwatoyin, Foroutan, Behzad, Fukumoto, Takeshi, G, Sridevi, Gadanya, Muktar A, Gaidhane, Abhay Motiramji, Gaipov, Abduzhappar, Gandhi, Aravind P, Ganiyani, Mohammad Arfat, Gebregergis, Miglas Welay, Gebrehiwot, Mesfin, Gebremeskel, Teferi Gebru, Getachew, Motuma Erena, Ghadiri, Keyghobad, Ghasemzadeh, Afsaneh, Ghashghaee, Ahmad, Gholami, Ehsan, Gholizadeh, Nasim, Ghorbani, Mahsa, Gil, Artyom Urievich, Girmay, Alem Abera, Golechha, Mahaveer, Golinelli, Davide, Goulart, Alessandra C, Goyal, Anmol, Gudeta, Mesay Dechasa, Gupta, Sapna, Gupta, Bhawna, Habteyohannes, Awoke Derbie, Haghmorad, Dariush, Haj-Mirzaian, Arvin, Halwani, Rabih, Handiso, Demelash Woldeyohannes, Haq, Zaim Anan, Harapan, Harapan, Hargono, Arief, Hasaballah, Ahmed I, Hasnain, Md Saquib, Hassan, Shoaib, Hassanipour, Soheil, Hegazi, Omar E, Heidari, Mohammad, Hezam, Kamal, Hlongwa, Mbuzeleni Mbuzeleni, Hoan, Nguyen Quoc, Hoogar, Praveen, Hosseinzadeh, Mehdi, Hosseinzadeh Adli, Ahmad, Hundie, Tsegaye Gebreyes, Hushmandi, Kiavash, Huynh, Hong-Han, Ibitoye, Segun Emmanuel, Ikiroma, Adalia, Ikuta, Kevin S, Ilesanmi, Olayinka Stephen, Ilic, Irena M, Iradukunda, Arnaud, Isa, Mustafa Alhaji, Ismail, Nahlah Elkudssiah, Iyamu, Ihoghosa Osamuyi, J, Vinothini, Jacobsen, Kathryn H, Jain, Akhil, Jairoun, Ammar Abdulrahman, Jakovljevic, Mihajlo, Janodia, Manthan Dilipkumar, Javadi Mamaghani, Amirreza, Jema, Alelign Tasew, Jokar, Mohammad, Jonas, Jost B, Joseph, Nitin, Joshua, Charity Ehimwenma, Kabir, Ali, Kabir, Md. Awal, Kabir, Zubair, Kadashetti, Vidya, Kaliyadan, Feroze, Kanmodi, Kehinde Kazeem, Kannan S, Suthanthira, Karaye, Ibraheem M, Karimi Behnagh, Arman, Kassel, Molly B, Kayode, Gbenga A, Khajuria, Himanshu, Khalid, Nauman, Khalil, Anees Ahmed, Khamesipour, Faham, Khan, Gulfaraz, Khan, Ejaz Ahmad, Khan, Yusra H, Khan, Mohammad Jobair, Khan, M Nuruzzaman, Khatab, Khaled, Khidri, Feriha Fatima, Khorrami, Zahra, Khosravi, Majid, Khubchandani, Jagdish, Kim, Min Seo, Kim, Jong Yeob, Kim, Yun Jin, Kisa, Adnan, Kisa, Sezer, Komaki, Somayeh, Kondlahalli, Shivakumar KM Marulasiddaiah, Koul, Parvaiz A, Koulmane Laxminarayana, Sindhura Lakshmi, Krishan, Kewal, Kuate Defo, Barthelemy, Kuddus, Md Abdul, Kulimbet, Mukhtar, Kulkarni, Vishnutheertha, Kumar, Rakesh, Kumar, Vijay, Kumar, Nithin, Kumar, Manasi, Ladan, Muhammad Awwal, Lal, Dharmesh Kumar, Le, Thao Thi Thu, Le, Nhi Huu Hanh, Lee, Seung Won, LeGrand, Kate E, Lerango, Temesgen L, Li, Ming-Chieh, Ligade, Virendra S, Lim, Stephen S, Limenh, Liknaw Workie, Liu, Xuefeng, Liu, Runben, Lodha, Rakesh, Loreche, Arianna Maever, M. Amin, Hawraz Ibrahim, Ma, Zheng Feei, Majeed, Azeem, Malakan Rad, Elaheh, Malhotra, Hardeep Singh, Malhotra, Kashish, Malik, Ahmad Azam, Malik, Iram, Mallhi, Tauqeer Hussain, Mansournia, Mohammad Ali, Marasini, Bishnu P, Martinez-Guerra, Bernardo Alfonso, Martins-Melo, Francisco Rogerlândio Rogerlândio, Martorell, Miquel, Marzo, Roy Rillera, Mathur, Navgeet, McKowen, Anna Laura W, Meles, Hadush Negash, Melese, Endalkachew Belayneh, Memish, Ziad Ahmed, Mendoza, Walter, Menezes, Ritesh G, Meretoja, Tuomo J, Mestrovic, Tomislav, Meylakhs, Peter, Mhlanga, Laurette, Michalek, Irmina Maria, Micheletti Gomide Nogueira de Sá, Ana Carolina, Minervini, Giuseppe, Minh, Le Huu Nhat, Moazen, Babak, Mohamed, Nouh Saad, Mohammad-Alizadeh-Charandabi, Sakineh, Mohammadian-Hafshejani, Abdollah, Mohammed, Hussen, Mohammed, Salahuddin, Mohammed, Mustapha, Mokdad, Ali H, Monasta, Lorenzo, Moni, Mohammad Ali, Montazeri, Fateme, Moradi, Maryam, Moradi, Yousef, Motappa, Rohith, Mougin, Vincent, Mubarik, Sumaira, Mukoro, George Duke, Mulita, Francesk, Munjal, Kavita, Munkhsaikhan, Yanjinlkham, Murlimanju, B.V., Musaigwa, Fungai, Mustafa, Ghulam, Muthupandian, Saravanan, Nagarajan, Ahamarshan Jayaraman, Naghavi, Pirouz, Naik, Gurudatta, Nainu, Firzan, Najafi, Mohammad Sadeq, Nargus, Shumaila, Navaratna, Samidi Nirasha Kumari, Naveed, Muhammad, Nayak, Vinod C, Nayak, Biswa Prakash, Nduaguba, Sabina Onyinye, Negesse, Chernet Tafere, Nematollahi, Mohammad Hadi, Nguefack-Tsague, Georges, Nguyen, Dang H, Nguyen, Hien Quang, Nguyen, Van Thanh, Niazi, Robina Khan, Nigatu, Yeshambel T, Nikravangolsefid, Nasrin, Niranjan, Vikram, Nnaji, Chukwudi A, Noor, Syed Toukir Ahmed, Not applicable, Nawsherwan, Noubiap, Jean Jacques, Nri-Ezedi, Chisom Adaobi, Nugen, Fred, Nutor, Jerry John, Nzoputam, Chimezie Igwegbe, Nzoputam, Ogochukwu Janet, Obamiro, Kehinde O, Odetokun, Ismail A, Oghenetega, Onome Bright, Oguntade, Ayodipupo Sikiru, Okeke, Sylvester Reuben, Okekunle, Akinkunmi Paul, Okonji, Osaretin Christabel, Olagunju, Andrew T, Olakunde, Babayemi Oluwaseun, Olalusi, Oladotun Victor, Olatubi, Matthew Idowu, Olorukooba, Abdulhakeem Abayomi, Olufadewa, Isaac Iyinoluwa, Omar Bali, Ahmed, Onwujekwe, Obinna E, Opejin, Abdulahi, Ordak, Michal, Orish, Verner N, Ortiz-Brizuela, Edgar, Osuagwu, Uchechukwu Levi, Ouyahia, Amel, P A, Mahesh Padukudru, Padubidri, Jagadish Rao, Palladino, Claudia, Pandey, Ashok, Panos, Leonidas D, Paredes, Jose L, Parija, Pragyan Paramita, Parikh, Romil R, Pashaei, Ava, Pasovic, Maja, Patel, Sangram Kishor, Pathan, Aslam Ramjan, Patil, Shankargouda, Pawar, Shrikant, Pepito, Veincent Christian Filipino, Peprah, Emmanuel K, Peprah, Prince, Pereira, Marcos, Perna, Simone, Petcu, Ionela-Roxana, Pham, Hoang Tran, Pillay, Julian David, Poluru, Ramesh, Postma, Maarten J, Pourtaheri, Naeimeh, Pradhan, Jalandhar, Prakash, Prem, Prakasham, Thejeswar N N, Prates, Elton Junio Sady, Pribadi, Dimas Ria Angga, Priscilla, Tina, Puvvula, Jagadeesh, Qattea, Ibrahim, Qazi, Asma Saleem, Radhakrishnan, Raghu Anekal, Rafferty, Quinn, Rafique, Ibrar, Rahim, Fakher, Rahimi-Movaghar, Afarin, Rahimi-Movaghar, Vafa, Rahman, Mosiur, Rahmani, Amir Masoud, Rahmani, Shayan, Rahmanian, Nazanin, Rahmanian, Mohammad, Rahmanian, Vahid, Rajaa, Sathish, Ramadan, Mahmoud Mohammed, Ramadan, Hazem, Ramasamy, Shakthi Kumaran, Ramesh, Pushkal Sinduvadi, Rana, Kritika, Ranabhat, Chhabi Lal, Rao, Mithun, Rao, Sowmya J, Rashidi, Mohammad-Mahdi, Rathish, Devarajan, Rauniyar, Santosh Kumar, Rawaf, Salman, Redwan, Elrashdy Moustafa Mohamed, Reiner Jr., Robert C, Rezaeian, Mohsen, Rodriguez, Jefferson Antonio Buendia, Root, Kevin T, Ross, Allen Guy, Rotimi, Kunle, Roy, Nitai, Rwegerera, Godfrey M, Sabet, Cameron John, Saddik, Basema Ahmad, Saeb, Mohammad Reza, Saeed, Umar, Saeedi, Pooya, Safi, Sher Zaman Zaman, Sagar, Rajesh, Saheb Sharif-Askari, Fatemeh, Saheb Sharif-Askari, Narjes, Sahebkar, Amirhossein, Sahoo, Soumya Swaroop, Saif, Zahra, Sajid, Mirza Rizwan, Salam, Nasir, Salami, Afeez Abolarinwa, Saleh, Mohamed A, Salehi, Leili, Samadi Kafil, Hossein, Samy, Abdallah M, Sanjeev, Rama Krishna, Santric-Milicevic, Milena M, Saravanan, Aswini, Sartorius, Benn, Sathyanarayan, Anudeep, Satpathy, Maheswar, Sawhney, Monika, Sedighi, Mansour, Semagn, Birhan Ewunu, Senapati, Sabyasachi, Sethi, Yashendra, Seylani, Allen, Shah, Pritik A, Shahid, Samiah, Shaikh, Masood Ali, Shamekh, Ali, Shamshirgaran, Mohammad Ali, Shamsi, Anas, Shanawaz, Mohd, Shannawaz, Mohammed, Sharifan, Amin, Sharifi-Rad, Javad, Shastry, Shamee, Shenoy, Rekha Raghuveer, Shetty, Premalatha K, Shetty, Mahabalesh, Shetty, Pavanchand H, Shiferaw, Desalegn, Shirkoohi, Reza, Shittu, Aminu, Shrestha, Sunil, Sibhat, Migbar Mekonnen, Siddig, Emmanuel Edwar, Siedner, Mark J, Singh, Jasvinder A, Singh, Paramdeep, Singh, Surjit, Singh, Harmanjit, Sinto, Robert, Skryabina, Anna Aleksandrovna, Smith, Amanda E, Sobia, Farrukh, Sokhan, Anton, Solanki, Shipra, Solanki, Ranjan, Sorensen, Reed J D, Sulaiman, Sahabi K, Szarpak, Lukasz, T Y, Sree Sudha, Tabish, Mohammad, Tadakamadla, Santosh Kumar, Taheri Abkenar, Yasaman, Taiba, Jabeen, Talaat, Iman M, Tampa, Mircea, Tamuzi, Jacques Lukenze, Tan, Ker-Kan, Tanwar, Manoj, Tarkang, Elvis Enowbeyang, Taveira, Nuno, Teklay, Gebrehiwot, Tesfaye, Behailu Terefe, Teye-Kwadjo, Enoch, Thakur, Ramna, Thangaraju, Pugazhenthan, Thapa, Rajshree, Thapar, Rekha, Thienemann, Friedrich, Thomas, Joe, Tovani-Palone, Marcos Roberto, Tran, Thang Huu, Tran, Mai Thi Ngoc, Tsai, Alexander C, Tsegay, Guesh Mebrahtom, Tumurkhuu, Munkhtuya, Udoh, Arit, Ullah, Irfan, Ullah, Atta, Umair, Muhammad, Umar, Muhammad, Unnikrishnan, Bhaskaran, Vahdati, Sanaz, Vaithinathan, Asokan Govindaraj, Varthya, Shoban Babu, Vasankari, Tommi Juhani, Verras, Georgios-Ioannis, Villafañe, Jorge Hugo, Vo, Anh Truc, Vos, Theo, Walde, Mandaras Tariku, Wamai, Richard G, Wang, Yanzhong, Waqas, Muhammad, Ward, Paul, Wassie, Gizachew Tadesse, Weintraub, Robert G, Weldetinsaa, Haftom Legese, Weldu, Gebre Adhanom, Westerman, Ronny, Wickramasinghe, Nuwan Darshana, Woldekidan, Mesfin Agachew, Wong, Yen Jun, Worku, Nigus Kassie, Wu, Zenghong, Wu, Xinsheng, Yaghoubi, Sajad, Yesera, Gesila Endashaw, Yezli, Saber, Yi, Siyan, Yiğit, Arzu, Yin, Dehui, Yismaw, Yazachew, Yon, Dong Keon, Yonemoto, Naohiro, Zakham, Fathiah, Zhang, Haijun, Zhang, Jingya, Zhao, Hanqing, Zhu, Bin, Zhuang, Qingyuan, Zhumagaliuly, Abzal, Zielińska, Magdalena, Zihao, Liu, Zikarg, Yossef Teshome, Zoladl, Mohammad, Zumla, Alimuddin, Zyoud, Samer H, Zheng, Peng, Aravkin, Aleksandr Y, Imai-Eaton, Jeffrey W, Naghavi, Mohsen, Schumacher, Austin E, Hay, Simon I, Murray, Christopher J L, and Kyu, Hmwe

Published
2024
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7. Gut microbes as medical signature for the effectiveness of immunotherapy in patients with advanced non‐small cell lung cancer

Author

Adane Adugna, Yalew Muche, Mohammed Jemal, Samuel Derbie Habtegiorgis, Habtamu Belew, and Gashaw Azanaw Amare

Subjects
gut microbes, immunotherapy, medical signatures, non‐small cell lung cancer, Geriatrics, RC952-954.6
Abstract

Abstract Lung cancer (LC) is the most common cause of cancer‐related death worldwide and poses a severe threat to public health. Immunotherapy with checkpoint blockers has improved the outlook for advanced non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) therapy. For the treatment of patients with advanced NSCLC, antibodies such as anti‐programmed death 1 (anti‐PD1), anti‐programmed death ligand 1 (anti‐PD‐L1), and anti‐cytotoxic T lymphocyte‐associated antigen 4 (anti‐CTLA‐4) are of paramount importance. Anti‐PD‐1 and anti‐PD‐L1 monoclonal antibody therapies are used to block the PD‐1/PD‐L1 pathway and identify cancerous cells to the body's defenses. Antibodies directed against CTLA‐4 (anti‐CTLA‐4) have also been shown to improve survival rates in patients with NSCLC. Currently, other immunotherapy approaches like neoadjuvant immune checkpoint inhibitors (NAICIs) and chimeric antigen receptor T‐cell (CAR‐T) therapies are applied in NSCLC patients. NAICIs are used for resectable and early stage NSCLC and CAR‐T is used to find more useful epitope sites for lung tumors and destroy cancer cells. A patient's gut microbiota might influence how their immune system reacts to NSCLC immunotherapy. The majority of intestinal microbes stimulate helper/cytotoxic T cells, induce natural killer (NK) cells, activate various toll‐like receptors (TLR), build up cluster of differentiation 8 (CD8), increase PD‐1 production, and attract chemokine receptors towards cancer cells. Thus, they serve as immune inducers in NSCLC immunotherapy. Nonetheless, certain bacteria can function as immune suppressors by inhibiting DC proliferation, stopping CD28 trafficking, restoring CD80/CD86, increasing immunological tolerance, and upsetting Th17 cells. Therefore, they are prevalent in non‐responders with NSCLC immunotherapy.

Published
2024
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8. Global burden of bacterial antimicrobial resistance 1990–2021: a systematic analysis with forecasts to 2050

Author

Naghavi, Mohsen, Vollset, Stein Emil, Ikuta, Kevin S, Swetschinski, Lucien R, Gray, Authia P, Wool, Eve E, Robles Aguilar, Gisela, Mestrovic, Tomislav, Smith, Georgia, Han, Chieh, Hsu, Rebecca L, Chalek, Julian, Araki, Daniel T, Chung, Erin, Raggi, Catalina, Gershberg Hayoon, Anna, Davis Weaver, Nicole, Lindstedt, Paulina A, Smith, Amanda E, Altay, Umut, Bhattacharjee, Natalia V, Giannakis, Konstantinos, Fell, Frederick, McManigal, Barney, Ekapirat, Nattwut, Mendes, Jessica Andretta, Runghien, Tilleye, Srimokla, Oraya, Abdelkader, Atef, Abd-Elsalam, Sherief, Aboagye, Richard Gyan, Abolhassani, Hassan, Abualruz, Hasan, Abubakar, Usman, Abukhadijah, Hana J, Aburuz, Salahdein, Abu-Zaid, Ahmed, Achalapong, Sureerak, Addo, Isaac Yeboah, Adekanmbi, Victor, Adeyeoluwa, Temitayo Esther, Adnani, Qorinah Estiningtyas Sakilah, Adzigbli, Leticia Akua, Afzal, Muhammad Sohail, Afzal, Saira, Agodi, Antonella, Ahlstrom, Austin J, Ahmad, Aqeel, Ahmad, Sajjad, Ahmad, Tauseef, Ahmadi, Ali, Ahmed, Ayman, Ahmed, Haroon, Ahmed, Ibrar, Ahmed, Mohammed, Ahmed, Saeed, Ahmed, Syed Anees, Akkaif, Mohammed Ahmed, Al Awaidy, Salah, Al Thaher, Yazan, Alalalmeh, Samer O, AlBataineh, Mohammad T, Aldhaleei, Wafa A, Al-Gheethi, Adel Ali Saeed, Alhaji, Nma Bida, Ali, Abid, Ali, Liaqat, Ali, Syed Shujait, Ali, Waad, Allel, Kasim, Al-Marwani, Sabah, Alrawashdeh, Ahmad, Altaf, Awais, Al-Tammemi, Alaa B., Al-Tawfiq, Jaffar A, Alzoubi, Karem H, Al-Zyoud, Walid Adnan, Amos, Ben, Amuasi, John H, Ancuceanu, Robert, Andrews, Jason R, Anil, Abhishek, Anuoluwa, Iyadunni Adesola, Anvari, Saeid, Anyasodor, Anayochukwu Edward, Apostol, Geminn Louis Carace, Arabloo, Jalal, Arafat, Mosab, Aravkin, Aleksandr Y, Areda, Demelash, Aremu, Abdulfatai, Artamonov, Anton A, Ashley, Elizabeth A, Asika, Marvellous O, Athari, Seyyed Shamsadin, Atout, Maha Moh'd Wahbi, Awoke, Tewachew, Azadnajafabad, Sina, Azam, James Mba, Aziz, Shahkaar, Azzam, Ahmed Y., Babaei, Mahsa, Babin, Francois-Xavier, Badar, Muhammad, Baig, Atif Amin, Bajcetic, Milica, Baker, Stephen, Bardhan, Mainak, Barqawi, Hiba Jawdat, Basharat, Zarrin, Basiru, Afisu, Bastard, Mathieu, Basu, Saurav, Bayleyegn, Nebiyou Simegnew, Belete, Melaku Ashagrie, Bello, Olorunjuwon Omolaja, Beloukas, Apostolos, Berkley, James A, Bhagavathula, Akshaya Srikanth, Bhaskar, Sonu, Bhuyan, Soumitra S, Bielicki, Julia A, Briko, Nikolay Ivanovich, Brown, Colin Stewart, Browne, Annie J, Buonsenso, Danilo, Bustanji, Yasser, Carvalheiro, Cristina G, Castañeda-Orjuela, Carlos A, Cenderadewi, Muthia, Chadwick, Joshua, Chakraborty, Sandip, Chandika, Rama Mohan, Chandy, Sara, Chansamouth, Vilada, Chattu, Vijay Kumar, Chaudhary, Anis Ahmad, Ching, Patrick R, Chopra, Hitesh, Chowdhury, Fazle Rabbi, Chu, Dinh-Toi, Chutiyami, Muhammad, Cruz-Martins, Natalia, da Silva, Alanna Gomes, Dadras, Omid, Dai, Xiaochen, Darcho, Samuel D, Das, Saswati, De la Hoz, Fernando Pio, Dekker, Denise Myriam, Dhama, Kuldeep, Diaz, Daniel, Dickson, Benjamin Felix Rothschild, Djorie, Serge Ghislain, Dodangeh, Milad, Dohare, Sushil, Dokova, Klara Georgieva, Doshi, Ojas Prakashbhai, Dowou, Robert Kokou, Dsouza, Haneil Larson, Dunachie, Susanna J, Dziedzic, Arkadiusz Marian, Eckmanns, Tim, Ed-Dra, Abdelaziz, Eftekharimehrabad, Aziz, Ekundayo, Temitope Cyrus, El Sayed, Iman, Elhadi, Muhammed, El-Huneidi, Waseem, Elias, Christelle, Ellis, Sally J, Elsheikh, Randa, Elsohaby, Ibrahim, Eltaha, Chadi, Eshrati, Babak, Eslami, Majid, Eyre, David William, Fadaka, Adewale Oluwaseun, Fagbamigbe, Adeniyi Francis, Fahim, Ayesha, Fakhri-Demeshghieh, Aliasghar, Fasina, Folorunso Oludayo, Fasina, Modupe Margaret, Fatehizadeh, Ali, Feasey, Nicholas A, Feizkhah, Alireza, Fekadu, Ginenus, Fischer, Florian, Fitriana, Ida, Forrest, Karen M, Fortuna Rodrigues, Celia, Fuller, John E, Gadanya, Muktar A, Gajdács, Márió, Gandhi, Aravind P, Garcia-Gallo, Esteban E, Garrett, Denise O, Gautam, Rupesh K, Gebregergis, Miglas Welay, Gebrehiwot, Mesfin, Gebremeskel, Teferi Gebru, Geffers, Christine, Georgalis, Leonidas, Ghazy, Ramy Mohamed, Golechha, Mahaveer, Golinelli, Davide, Gordon, Melita, Gulati, Snigdha, Gupta, Rajat Das, Gupta, Sapna, Gupta, Vijai Kumar, Habteyohannes, Awoke Derbie, Haller, Sebastian, Harapan, Harapan, Harrison, Michelle L, Hasaballah, Ahmed I, Hasan, Ikramul, Hasan, Rumina Syeda, Hasani, Hamidreza, Haselbeck, Andrea Haekyung, Hasnain, Md Saquib, Hassan, Ikrama Ibrahim, Hassan, Shoaib, Hassan Zadeh Tabatabaei, Mahgol Sadat, Hayat, Khezar, He, Jiawei, Hegazi, Omar E, Heidari, Mohammad, Hezam, Kamal, Holla, Ramesh, Holm, Marianne, Hopkins, Heidi, Hossain, Md Mahbub, Hosseinzadeh, Mehdi, Hostiuc, Sorin, Hussein, Nawfal R, Huy, Le Duc, Ibáñez-Prada, Elsa D, Ikiroma, Adalia, Ilic, Irena M, Islam, Sheikh Mohammed Shariful, Ismail, Faisal, Ismail, Nahlah Elkudssiah, Iwu, Chidozie Declan, Iwu-Jaja, Chinwe Juliana, Jafarzadeh, Abdollah, Jaiteh, Fatoumatta, Jalilzadeh Yengejeh, Reza, Jamora, Roland Dominic G, Javidnia, Javad, Jawaid, Talha, Jenney, Adam W J, Jeon, Hyon Jin, Jokar, Mohammad, Jomehzadeh, Nabi, Joo, Tamas, Joseph, Nitin, Kamal, Zul, Kanmodi, Kehinde Kazeem, Kantar, Rami S, Kapisi, James Apollo, Karaye, Ibraheem M, Khader, Yousef Saleh, Khajuria, Himanshu, Khalid, Nauman, Khamesipour, Faham, Khan, Ajmal, Khan, Mohammad Jobair, Khan, Muhammad Tariq, Khanal, Vishnu, Khidri, Feriha Fatima, Khubchandani, Jagdish, Khusuwan, Suwimon, Kim, Min Seo, Kisa, Adnan, Korshunov, Vladimir Andreevich, Krapp, Fiorella, Krumkamp, Ralf, Kuddus, Mohammed, Kulimbet, Mukhtar, Kumar, Dewesh, Kumaran, Emmanuelle A P, Kuttikkattu, Ambily, Kyu, Hmwe Hmwe, Landires, Iván, Lawal, Basira Kankia, Le, Thao Thi Thu, Lederer, Ingeborg Maria, Lee, Munjae, Lee, Seung Won, Lepape, Alain, Lerango, Temesgen Leka, Ligade, Virendra S, Lim, Cherry, Lim, Stephen S, Limenh, Liknaw Workie, Liu, Chaojie, Liu, Xiaofeng, Liu, Xuefeng, Loftus, Michael J, M Amin, Hawraz Ibrahim, Maass, Kelsey Lynn, Maharaj, Sandeep B, Mahmoud, Mansour Adam, Maikanti-Charalampous, Panagiota, Makram, Omar M, Malhotra, Kashish, Malik, Ahmad Azam, Mandilara, Georgia D, Marks, Florian, Martinez-Guerra, Bernardo Alfonso, Martorell, Miquel, Masoumi-Asl, Hossein, Mathioudakis, Alexander G, May, Juergen, McHugh, Theresa A, Meiring, James, Meles, Hadush Negash, Melese, Addisu, Melese, Endalkachew Belayneh, Minervini, Giuseppe, Mohamed, Nouh Saad, Mohammed, Shafiu, Mohan, Syam, Mokdad, Ali H, Monasta, Lorenzo, Moodi Ghalibaf, AmirAli, Moore, Catrin E, Moradi, Yousef, Mossialos, Elias, Mougin, Vincent, Mukoro, George Duke, Mulita, Francesk, Muller-Pebody, Berit, Murillo-Zamora, Efren, Musa, Sani, Musicha, Patrick, Musila, Lillian A, Muthupandian, Saravanan, Nagarajan, Ahamarshan Jayaraman, Naghavi, Pirouz, Nainu, Firzan, Nair, Tapas Sadasivan, Najmuldeen, Hastyar Hama Rashid, Natto, Zuhair S, Nauman, Javaid, Nayak, Biswa Prakash, Nchanji, G Takop, Ndishimye, Pacifique, Negoi, Ionut, Negoi, Ruxandra Irina, Nejadghaderi, Seyed Aria, Nguyen, QuynhAnh P, Noman, Efaq Ali, Nwakanma, Davis C, O'Brien, Seamus, Ochoa, Theresa J, Odetokun, Ismail A, Ogundijo, Oluwaseun Adeolu, Ojo-Akosile, Tolulope R, Okeke, Sylvester Reuben, Okonji, Osaretin Christabel, Olagunju, Andrew T, Olivas-Martinez, Antonio, Olorukooba, Abdulhakeem Abayomi, Olwoch, Peter, Onyedibe, Kenneth Ikenna, Ortiz-Brizuela, Edgar, Osuolale, Olayinka, Ounchanum, Pradthana, Oyeyemi, Oyetunde T, P A, Mahesh Padukudru, Paredes, Jose L, Parikh, Romil R, Patel, Jay, Patil, Shankargouda, Pawar, Shrikant, Peleg, Anton Y, Peprah, Prince, Perdigão, João, Perrone, Carlo, Petcu, Ionela-Roxana, Phommasone, Koukeo, Piracha, Zahra Zahid, Poddighe, Dimitri, Pollard, Andrew J, Poluru, Ramesh, Ponce-De-Leon, Alfredo, Puvvula, Jagadeesh, Qamar, Farah Naz, Qasim, Nameer Hashim, Rafai, Clotaire Donatien, Raghav, Pankaja, Rahbarnia, Leila, Rahim, Fakher, Rahimi-Movaghar, Vafa, Rahman, Mosiur, Rahman, Muhammad Aziz, Ramadan, Hazem, Ramasamy, Shakthi Kumaran, Ramesh, Pushkal Sinduvadi, Ramteke, Pramod W, Rana, Rishabh Kumar, Rani, Usha, Rashidi, Mohammad-Mahdi, Rathish, Devarajan, Rattanavong, Sayaphet, Rawaf, Salman, Redwan, Elrashdy Moustafa Mohamed, Reyes, Luis Felipe, Roberts, Tamalee, Robotham, Julie V, Rosenthal, Victor Daniel, Ross, Allen Guy, Roy, Nitai, Rudd, Kristina E, Sabet, Cameron John, Saddik, Basema Ahmad, Saeb, Mohammad Reza, Saeed, Umar, Saeedi Moghaddam, Sahar, Saengchan, Weeravoot, Safaei, Mohsen, Saghazadeh, Amene, Saheb Sharif-Askari, Narjes, Sahebkar, Amirhossein, Sahoo, Soumya Swaroop, Sahu, Maitreyi, Saki, Morteza, Salam, Nasir, Saleem, Zikria, Saleh, Mohamed A, Samodra, Yoseph Leonardo, Samy, Abdallah M, Saravanan, Aswini, Satpathy, Maheswar, Schumacher, Austin E, Sedighi, Mansour, Seekaew, Samroeng, Shafie, Mahan, Shah, Pritik A, Shahid, Samiah, Shahwan, Moyad Jamal, Shakoor, Sadia, Shalev, Noga, Shamim, Muhammad Aaqib, Shamshirgaran, Mohammad Ali, Shamsi, Anas, Sharifan, Amin, Shastry, Rajesh P, Shetty, Mahabalesh, Shittu, Aminu, Shrestha, Sunil, Siddig, Emmanuel Edwar, Sideroglou, Theologia, Sifuentes-Osornio, Jose, Silva, Luís Manuel Lopes Rodrigues, Simões, Eric A F, Simpson, Andrew J H, Singh, Amit, Singh, Surjit, Sinto, Robert, Soliman, Sameh S M, Soraneh, Soroush, Stoesser, Nicole, Stoeva, Temenuga Zhekova, Swain, Chandan Kumar, Szarpak, Lukasz, T Y, Sree Sudha, Tabatabai, Shima, Tabche, Celine, Taha, Zanan Mohammed-Ameen, Tan, Ker-Kan, Tasak, Nidanuch, Tat, Nathan Y, Thaiprakong, Areerat, Thangaraju, Pugazhenthan, Tigoi, Caroline Chepngeno, Tiwari, Krishna, Tovani-Palone, Marcos Roberto, Tran, Thang Huu, Tumurkhuu, Munkhtuya, Turner, Paul, Udoakang, Aniefiok John, Udoh, Arit, Ullah, Noor, Ullah, Saeed, Vaithinathan, Asokan Govindaraj, Valenti, Mario, Vos, Theo, Vu, Huong T L, Waheed, Yasir, Walker, Ann Sarah, Walson, Judd L, Wangrangsimakul, Tri, Weerakoon, Kosala Gayan, Wertheim, Heiman F L, Williams, Phoebe C M, Wolde, Asrat Arja, Wozniak, Teresa M, Wu, Felicia, Wu, Zenghong, Yadav, Mukesh Kumar Kumar, Yaghoubi, Sajad, Yahaya, Zwanden Sule, Yarahmadi, Amir, Yezli, Saber, Yismaw, Yazachew Engida, Yon, Dong Keon, Yuan, Chun-Wei, Yusuf, Hadiza, Zakham, Fathiah, Zamagni, Giulia, Zhang, Haijun, Zhang, Zhi-Jiang, Zielińska, Magdalena, Zumla, Alimuddin, Zyoud, Sa'ed H. H, Zyoud, Samer H, Hay, Simon I, Stergachis, Andy, Sartorius, Benn, Cooper, Ben S, Dolecek, Christiane, and Murray, Christopher J L

Published
2024
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9. Phytochemical property and antimicrobial activity of Ficifolius A. Rich root extract: Advancing Ethiopian indigenous wart curing medicinal plant

Author

Yassin Adem, kedir Yesuf, Solomon Getachew, and kedir Derbie

Subjects
Indigenous plants, Ficifolius A.Rich root, Phytochemical property, Squalene, Wart treatment, Science (General), Q1-390, Social sciences (General), H1-99
Abstract

Although there may be a number of disadvantages, many patients prefer the traditional medication over surgical wart therapy since it may permanently remove the abscess from the body. The roots of the Ficifolius A. Rich plant are one of the native plants used in Ethiopia for traditional wart treatment. Therefore, the main goal of the research was to examine the phytochemical characteristics, identify the chemical compounds, and assess the antimicrobial effectiveness of the previously described plant root extract against gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus and gram-negative Escherichia coli pathogenic bacteria. Consequently, phytochemical characteristics such as tannins, alkaloids, flavonoids, phenols, and saponin were perceived, which inferred the therapeutic implications of root extracts. Furthermore, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry investigations identified a number of chemical components, including the particular antiviral substance Squalene. Moreover, antibacterial test results showed that the growth of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria was inhibited with the application of crude extract. Generally, Ficifolius A. rich root extract could be effectively utilized for the treatment of anal warts.

Published
2024
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10. Evaluate the adaptability of Eucalyptus species in the highlands of the Amhara region

Author

Gezahagn Getachew, Andualem Ayalew, kehlot Gebre hana, Derbie wudu, Hodadis Kassahun, Abera Tesfaye, Mesay Alene, Tigabu Redae, and Negussie Siyum

Subjects
Adaptability, Dominant, Eucalyptus growers, Eucalyptus species, Highland, Science (General), Q1-390, Social sciences (General), H1-99
Abstract

The predominant cultivation of Eucalyptus globulus in the highlands of the Amhara region poses a significant risk, as any disease/insect outbreak affecting this species could result in extensive barren lands across the country. Therefore, the study aimed to explore the adaptability of various Eucalyptus species to diversify and safeguard against potential ecosystem disruptions. Six different Eucalyptus species (E.globulus, E.camaldulensis, E.grandis, E.saligna, E.viminalis, and E.citiodora) were subjected to a Randomized Complete Design with three replications. All the required parameters were measured and analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics with R version 4.3.1. Statistically significant variations were observed between Eucalyptus species at P

Published
2024
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12. Prevalence of anemia and its associated factors among children aged 6–23 months, in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta analysis

Author

Molla Azmeraw, Amare Kassaw, Samuel Derbie Habtegiorgis, Agimasie Tigabu, Abraham Tsedalu Amare, Kindie Mekuria, Dessie Temesgen, Alemu Birara Zemariam, Gashaw Kerebeh, Berihun Bantie, Dessie Alemnew, and Biruk Beletew Abate

Subjects
Anemia, children under two years, Ethiopia, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270
Abstract

Abstract Introduction Despite several strategies exist for anemia prevention and control, it has been the major public health important problem in the world. Numerous immediate and long-term health issues were reported in children who have history of anemia including decreased work productivity in adult hood period. Although analyzing data on burden and risk factors of anemia are the recommended action areas of World Health Organization framework for accelerating anemia reduction, the aggregated national burden and contributors of anemia in Ethiopia has not been determined so far. There for, this systematic and meta-analysis study is aimed to assess the pooled prevalence and associated factors of anemia among children aged 6–23 months in Ethiopia. Methods The electronic databases including PubMed, Scopus, EMBASE, Web of Science, Science Direct, Google scholar and institutional repositories were searched using search terms. The studies that reported the prevalence and/or risk factors of anemia in children 6–23 months of age were included. The JBI quality assessment tool was used to evaluate the quality of each study. The data was extracted with Microsoft Excel, 2019 and analyzed with STATA 17.0 statistical software. A random effect model was used to estimate the pooled prevalence of anemia and its associated factors. The Cochrane Q-test statistics and I2 test were used to measure heterogeneity between the included studies. Furthermore, publication bias was examined using the funnel plot graph and statistical tests (Egger’s and begg tests). Outliers also visualized using Galbraith plot. When necessary, sensitivity analysis was also employed to detect small study effect. Result Ten studies with a total population of 14, 733 were included for analysis. The pooled prevalence of anemia among children aged 6–23 months of age in Ethiopia was found to be 57.76% (95%CI; 51.61–63.91; I2 = 97.192%; p

Published
2023
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13. Phenotypic characterization of indigenous sheep breeds in the Jimma Zone, Oromia, Ethiopia

Author

Yaregal Derbie and Hailu Tilahun

Subjects
Phenotype, characterization, linear measurement, correlation, quantitative, Veterinary medicine, SF600-1100
Abstract

The objective of the study was to undertake phenotypic characterization of sheep, in their production environment. A total of 570 sheep were used in this study for body measurements. After the data were collected, using the Proc GLM model, quantitative data were analysed by SAS version 9.3 (2014) and qualitative data were analysed by SPSS. The dominant coat colour pattern observed was 81.1% plain, 16.4% patchy and sheep with spotted pattern (2.5%), respectively. Brown (43.5%), fawn (17.5%) and red (13.0%) were the most frequently observed coat colour types. The majority (91.1%) of sheep were polled whereas (8.9%) of the sheep were horned. The effect of the district on body weight and most of the linear body measurements were significant (p

Published
2023
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16. Global fertility in 204 countries and territories, 1950–2021, with forecasts to 2100: a comprehensive demographic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021

Author

Bhattacharjee, Natalia V, Schumacher, Austin E, Aali, Amirali, Abate, Yohannes Habtegiorgis, Abbasgholizadeh, Rouzbeh, Abbasian, Mohammadreza, Abbasi-Kangevari, Mohsen, Abbastabar, Hedayat, Abd ElHafeez, Samar, Abd-Elsalam, Sherief, Abdollahi, Mohammad, Abdollahifar, Mohammad-Amin, Abdoun, Meriem, Abdullahi, Auwal, Abebe, Mesfin, Abebe, Samrawit Shawel, Abiodun, Olumide, Abolhassani, Hassan, Abolmaali, Meysam, Abouzid, Mohamed, Aboye, Girma Beressa, Abreu, Lucas Guimarães, Abrha, Woldu Aberhe, Abrigo, Michael R M, Abtahi, Dariush, Abualruz, Hasan, Abubakar, Bilyaminu, Abu-Gharbieh, Eman, Abu-Rmeileh, Niveen ME, Adal, Tadele Girum Girum, Adane, Mesafint Molla, Adeagbo, Oluwafemi Atanda Adeagbo, Adedoyin, Rufus Adesoji, Adekanmbi, Victor, Aden, Bashir, Adepoju, Abiola Victor, Adetokunboh, Olatunji O, Adetunji, Juliana Bunmi, Adeyinka, Daniel Adedayo, Adeyomoye, Olorunsola Israel, Adnani, Qorinah Estiningtyas Sakilah, Adra, Saryia, Afolabi, Rotimi Felix, Afyouni, Shadi, Afzal, Muhammad Sohail, Afzal, Saira, Aghamiri, Shahin, Agodi, Antonella, Agyemang-Duah, Williams, Ahinkorah, Bright Opoku, Ahlstrom, Austin J, Ahmad, Aqeel, Ahmad, Danish, Ahmad, Firdos, Ahmad, Muayyad M, Ahmad, Sajjad, Ahmad, Tauseef, Ahmed, Ali, Ahmed, Ayman, Ahmed, Haroon, Ahmed, Luai A, Ahmed, Meqdad Saleh, Ahmed, Syed Anees, Ajami, Marjan, Aji, Budi, Akalu, Gizachew Taddesse, Akbarialiabad, Hossein, Akinyemi, Rufus Olusola, Akkaif, Mohammed Ahmed, Akkala, Sreelatha, Al Hamad, Hanadi, Al Hasan, Syed Mahfuz, Al Qadire, Mohammad, AL-Ahdal, Tareq Mohammed Ali, Alalalmeh, Samer O, Alalwan, Tariq A, Al-Aly, Ziyad, Alam, Khurshid, Al-amer, Rasmieh Mustafa, Alanezi, Fahad Mashhour, Alanzi, Turki M, Albakri, Almaza, Albashtawy, Mohammed, AlBataineh, Mohammad T, Alemi, Hediyeh, Alemi, Sharifullah, Alemu, Yihun Mulugeta, Al-Eyadhy, Ayman, Al-Gheethi, Adel Ali Saeed, Alhabib, Khalid F, Alhajri, Noora, Alhalaiqa, Fadwa Alhalaiqa Naji, Alhassan, Robert Kaba, Ali, Abid, Ali, Beriwan Abdulqadir, Ali, Liaqat, Ali, Mohammed Usman, Ali, Rafat, Ali, Syed Shujait Shujait, Alif, Sheikh Mohammad, Aligol, Mohammad, Alijanzadeh, Mehran, Aljasir, Mohammad A M, Aljunid, Syed Mohamed, Al-Marwani, Sabah, Almazan, Joseph Uy, Al-Mekhlafi, Hesham M, Almidani, Omar, Alomari, Mahmoud A, Al-Omari, Basem, Alqahtani, Jaber S, Alqutaibi, Ahmed Yaseen, Al-Raddadi, Rajaa M, Al-Sabah, Salman Khalifah, Altaf, Awais, Al-Tawfiq, Jaffar A, Altirkawi, Khalid A, Aluh, Deborah Oyine, Alvi, Farrukh Jawad, Alvis-Guzman, Nelson, Alwafi, Hassan, Al-Worafi, Yaser Mohammed, Aly, Hany, Aly, Safwat, Alzoubi, Karem H, Ameyaw, Edward Kwabena, Amin, Tarek Tawfik, Amindarolzarbi, Alireza, Amini-Rarani, Mostafa, Amiri, Sohrab, Ampomah, Irene Gyamfuah, Amugsi, Dickson A, Amusa, Ganiyu Adeniyi, Ancuceanu, Robert, Anderlini, Deanna, Andrade, Pedro Prata, Andrei, Catalina Liliana, Andrei, Tudorel, Anil, Abhishek, Anil, Sneha, Ansar, Adnan, Ansari-Moghaddam, Alireza, Antony, Catherine M, Antriyandarti, Ernoiz, Anvari, Saeid, ANWAR, SALEHA, Anwer, Razique, Anyasodor, Anayochukwu Edward, Arabloo, Jalal, Arabzadeh Bahri, Razman, Arafa, Elshaimaa A, Arafat, Mosab, Araújo, Ana Margarida, Aravkin, Aleksandr Y, Aremu, Abdulfatai, Aripov, Timur, Arkew, Mesay, Armocida, Benedetta, Ärnlöv, Johan, Arooj, Mahwish, Artamonov, Anton A, Arulappan, Judie, Aruleba, Raphael Taiwo, Arumugam, Ashokan, Asadi-Lari, Mohsen, Asemi, Zatollah, Asgary, Saeed, Asghariahmadabad, Mona, Asghari-Jafarabadi, Mohammad, Ashemo, Mubarek Yesse, Ashraf, Muhammad, Ashraf, Tahira, Asika, Marvellous O, Athari, Seyyed Shamsadin, Atout, Maha Moh'd Wahbi, Atreya, Alok, Aujayeb, Avinash, Ausloos, Marcel, Avan, Abolfazl, Aweke, Amlaku Mulat, Ayele, Getnet Melaku, Ayyoubzadeh, Seyed Mohammad, Azadnajafabad, Sina, Azevedo, Rui M S, Azzam, Ahmed Y, Badar, Muhammad, Badiye, Ashish D, Baghdadi, Soroush, Bagheri, Nasser, Bagherieh, Sara, Bahmanziari, Najmeh, Bai, Ruhai, Baig, Atif Amin, Baker, Jennifer L, Bako, Abdulaziz T, Bakshi, Ravleen Kaur, Balasubramanian, Madhan, Baltatu, Ovidiu Constantin, Bam, Kiran, Banach, Maciej, Bandyopadhyay, Soham, Banik, Biswajit, Banik, Palash Chandra, Bansal, Hansi, Baran, Mehmet Firat, Barchitta, Martina, Bardhan, Mainak, Bardideh, Erfan, Barker-Collo, Suzanne Lyn, Bärnighausen, Till Winfried, Barone-Adesi, Francesco, Barqawi, Hiba Jawdat, Barrow, Amadou, Barteit, Sandra, Basharat, Zarrin, Bashir, Asma'u I J, Bashiru, Hameed Akande, Basiru, Afisu, Basso, João Diogo, Basu, Sanjay, Batiha, Abdul-Monim Mohammad, Batra, Kavita, Baune, Bernhard T, Bayati, Mohsen, Begum, Tahmina, Behboudi, Emad, Behnoush, Amir Hossein, Beiranvand, Maryam, Bejarano Ramirez, Diana Fernanda, Bekele, Alehegn, Belay, Sefealem Assefa, Belgaumi, Uzma Iqbal, Bell, Michelle L, Bello, Olorunjuwon Omolaja, Beloukas, Apostolos, Bensenor, Isabela M, Berezvai, Zombor, Berhie, Alemshet Yirga, Bermudez, Amiel Nazer C, Bettencourt, Paulo J G, Bhagavathula, Akshaya Srikanth, Bhardwaj, Nikha, Bhardwaj, Pankaj, Bhardwaj, Prarthna V, Bhaskar, Sonu, 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Mosfequr, Rahman, Mohammad Hifz Ur, Rahman, Mosiur, Rahman, Muhammad Aziz, Rahmanian, Vahid, Rahmati, Masoud, Rahnavard, Niloufar, Rai, Pramila, Raimondo, Diego, Rajabpour-Sanati, Ali, Rajput, Prashant, Ram, Prasanna, Ramasamy, Shakthi Kumaran, Rana, Juwel, Rana, Kritika, Rana, Shailendra Singh, Ranabhat, Chhabi Lal, Rancic, Nemanja, Rane, Amey, Ranjan, Shubham, Rao, Chythra R, Rao, Indu Ramachandra, Rapaka, Deepthi, Rasella, Davide, Rashedi, Sina, Rashedi, Vahid, Rashidi, Mohammad-Mahdi, Rasul, Azad, Ratan, Zubair Ahmed, Rathnaiah Babu, Giridhara, Rauniyar, Santosh Kumar, Ravikumar, Nakul, Rawaf, David Laith, Rawaf, Salman, Rawassizadeh, Reza, Rawlley, Bharat, Reddy, Murali Mohan Rama Krishna, Redwan, Elrashdy Moustafa Mohamed, Remuzzi, Giuseppe, Reshmi, Bhageerathy, Rezaei, Nazila, Rezaei Nejad, Aida, Rezaeian, Mohsen, Riad, Abanoub, Riaz, Mavra A, Rickard, Jennifer, Rikhtegar, Reza, Robinson-Oden, Hannah Elizabeth, Rodrigues, Célia Fortuna, Rodriguez, Jefferson Antonio Buendia, Rohilla, Ravi, Romadlon, Debby Syahru, Ronfani, Luca, Rout, Himanshu Sekhar, Roy, Bedanta, Roy, Nitai, Roy, Priyanka, Rubagotti, Enrico, Ruela, Guilherme de Andrade, Rumisha, Susan Fred, Runghien, Tilleye, S, Manjula, S N, Chandan, Saad, Aly M A, Saadatian, Zahra, Saber-Ayad, Maha Mohamed, SaberiKamarposhti, Morteza, Sabour, Siamak, Sada, Fatos, Saddik, Basema, Sadee, Bashdar Abuzed, Sadeghi, Ehsan, Sadeghi, Erfan, Saeb, Mohammad Reza, Saeed, Umar, Safi, Sher Zaman, Sagoe, Dominic, Saha, Manika, Sahebkar, Amirhossein, Sahoo, Soumya Swaroop, Sahu, Monalisha, Saif, Zahra, Sakshaug, Joseph W, Salamati, Payman, Salami, Afeez Abolarinwa, Saleh, Mohamed A, Salem, Marwa Rashad, Salem, Mohammed Z Y, Salimi, Sohrab, Samadzadeh, Sara, Samodra, Yoseph Leonardo, Samuel, Vijaya Paul, Samy, Abdallah M, Sanabria, Juan, Sanadgol, Nima, Sanna, Francesca, Santric-Milicevic, Milena M, Saqib, Haaris, Saraswathy, Sivan Yegnanarayana Iyer, Saravanan, Aswini, Saravi, Babak, Sarikhani, Yaser, Sarkar, Tanmay, Sarmiento-Suárez, Rodrigo, Sarode, Gargi Sachin, Sarode, Sachin C, Sarveazad, Arash, Sathian, Brijesh, Sathish, Thirunavukkarasu, Sathyanarayan, Anudeep, Sayeed, Abu, Sayeed, Md Abu, Scarmeas, Nikolaos, Schlee, Winfried, Schuermans, Art, Schwebel, David C, Schwendicke, Falk, Selvaraj, Siddharthan, Sengupta, Pallav, Senthilkumaran, Subramanian, Sepanlou, Sadaf G, Serban, Dragos, Serván-Mori, Edson, Sethi, Yashendra, SeyedAlinaghi, SeyedAhmad, Seyedi, Seyed Arsalan, Seylani, Allen, Shafie, Mahan, Shah, Jaffer, Shah, Pritik A, Shahbandi, Ataollah, Shahid, Samiah, Shahwan, Moyad Jamal, Shaikh, Ahmed, Shaikh, Masood Ali, Shamim, Muhammad Aaqib, Shams-Beyranvand, Mehran, Shamsi, Mohammad Anas, Shanawaz, Mohd, Shankar, Abhishek, Shannawaz, Mohammed, Sharath, Medha, Sharfaei, Sadaf, Sharifan, Amin, Sharifi-Rad, Javad, Sharma, Manoj, Sharma, Rajesh, Sharma, Ujjawal, Sharma, Vishal, Shastry, Rajesh P, Shavandi, Amin, Shaw, David H, Shayan, Amir Mehdi, Shayan, Maryam, Shehabeldine, Amr Mohamed Elsayed, Sheikh, Aziz, Sheikhi, Rahim Ali, Shenoy, Manjunath Mala, Shetty, Pavanchand H, Shi, Peilin, Shiferaw, Desalegn, Shigematsu, Mika, Shiri, Rahman, Shirkoohi, Reza, Shittu, Aminu, Shivarov, Velizar, Shokraneh, Farhad, Shool, Sina, Shorofi, Seyed Afshin, Shuja, Kanwar Hamza, Shuval, Kerem, Siddig, Emmanuel Edwar, Silva, João Pedro, Silva, Luís Manuel Lopes Rodrigues, Silva, Soraia, Simonetti, Biagio, Singal, Anjali, Singh, Abhinav, Singh, Balbir Bagicha, Singh, Jasvinder A, Siraj, Md Shahjahan, Smith, Georgia, Socea, Bogdan, Sokhan, Anton, Solanki, Ranjan, Solanki, Shipra, Soleimani, Hamidreza, Soliman, Sameh S M, Solomon, Yonatan, Song, Yimeng, Sorensen, Reed J D, Spartalis, Michael, Sreeramareddy, Chandrashekhar T, Srivastava, Vijay Kumar, Stanikzai, Muhammad Haroon, Starodubov, Vladimir I, Starodubova, Antonina V, Stefan, Simona Cătălina, Steiropoulos, Paschalis, Stokes, Mark A, Subramaniyan, Vetriselvan, Suleman, Muhammad, Suliankatchi Abdulkader, Rizwan, Sultana, Abida, Sun, Jing, Swain, Chandan Kumar, Sykes, Bryan L, Szarpak, Lukasz, Szeto, Mindy D, Szócska, Miklós, Tabaee Damavandi, Payam, Tabarés-Seisdedos, Rafael, Tabatabaei Malazy, Ozra, Tabatabaeizadeh, Seyed-Amir, Tabatabai, Shima, Tabb, Karen M, Tabish, Mohammad, Taheri Soodejani, Moslem, Taiba, Jabeen, Tajbakhsh, Ardeshir, Talaat, Iman M, Talukder, Ashis, Tampa, Mircea, Tamuzi, Jacques Lukenze, Tan, Ker-Kan, Tang, Haosu, Tareke, Derbie Alemu DA, Tariku, Mengistie Kassahun, Tat, Vivian Y, Tavangar, Seyed Mohammad, Teimoori, Mojtaba, Temsah, Mohamad-Hani, Temsah, Reem Mohamad Hani, Teramoto, Masayuki, Terefa, Dufera Rikitu, Tesler, Riki, Teye-Kwadjo, Enoch, Thakur, Ramna, Thangaraju, Pugazhenthan, Thankappan, Kavumpurathu Raman, Thapar, Rekha, Tharwat, Samar, Thayakaran, Rasiah, Thomas, Nihal, Tichopad, Ales, Ticoalu, Jansje Henny Vera, Tiruye, Tenaw Yimer, Titova, Mariya Vladimirovna, Tonelli, Marcello, Tovani-Palone, Marcos Roberto, Traini, Eugenio, Tran, Jasmine T, Tran, Nghia Minh, Trihandini, Indang, Tromans, Samuel Joseph, Truyen, Thien Tan Tri Tai, Tsatsakis, Aristidis, Tsermpini, Evangelia Eirini, Tumurkhuu, Munkhtuya, Tyrovolas, Stefanos, Uddin, Sayed Mohammad Nazim, Udoakang, Aniefiok John, Udoh, Arit, Ullah, Atta, Ullah, Saeed, Ullah, Sana, Umakanthan, Srikanth, Umeokonkwo, Chukwuma David, Unim, Brigid, Unnikrishnan, Bhaskaran, Upadhyay, Era, Usman, Jibrin Sammani, Vacante, Marco, Vahabi, Seyed Mohammad, Vaithinathan, Asokan Govindaraj, Valizadeh, Rohollah, Van den Eynde, Jef, Varavikova, Elena, Varga, Orsolya, Vart, Priya, Varthya, Shoban Babu, Vasankari, Tommi Juhani, Vellingiri, Balachandar, Venugopal, Deneshkumar, Verghese, Nicholas Alexander, Verma, Madhur, Veroux, Massimiliano, Verras, Georgios-Ioannis, Vervoort, Dominique, Villafañe, Jorge Hugo, Vinayak, Manish, Violante, Francesco S, Vishwakarma, Mukesh, Vladimirov, Sergey Konstantinovitch, Vlassov, Vasily, Vo, Bay, Volovat, Simona Ruxandra, Vos, Theo, Vujcic, Isidora S, Wafa, Hatem A, Waheed, Yasir, Wakwoya, Elias Bekele, Wang, Cong, Wang, Denny, Wang, Fang, Wang, Shu, Wang, Yanzhong, Wang, Yuan-Pang, Ward, Paul, Wassie, Emebet Gashaw, Watson, Stefanie, Weaver, Marcia R, Weerakoon, Kosala Gayan, Weiss, Daniel J, Wells, Katherine M, Wen, Yi Feng, Westerman, Ronny, Wiangkham, Taweewat, Wickramasinghe, Dakshitha Praneeth, Wickramasinghe, Nuwan Darshana, Willeit, Peter, Wondimagegene, Yohannes Addisu, Wu, Felicia, Xia, Juan, Xiao, Hong, Xu, Gelin, Xu, Suowen, Xu, Xiaoyue, Yadollahpour, Ali, Yaghoobpoor, Shirin, Yaghoobpour, Tina, Yaghoubi, Sajad, Yahaya, Zwanden Sule, Yang, Danting, Yang, Lin, Yano, Yuichiro, Yaribeygi, Habib, Ye, Pengpeng, Yesodharan, Renjulal, Yesuf, Subah Abderehim, Yezli, Saber, Yigezu, Amanuel, Yip, Paul, Yon, Dong Keon, Yonemoto, Naohiro, You, Yuyi, Younis, Mustafa Z, Yousefi, Zabihollah, Yu, Chuanhua, Yu, Yong, Yuan, Chun-Wei, Zafari, Nima, Zakham, Fathiah, Zaki, Nazar, Zamagni, Giulia, Zandi, Milad, Zandieh, Ghazal G Z, Zangiabadian, Moein, Zastrozhin, Mikhail Sergeevich, Zhang, Haijun, Zhang, Meixin, Zhang, Yunquan, Zhong, Chenwen, Zhou, Juexiao, Zhu, Bin, Zhu, Lei, Zielińska, Magdalena, Zou, Zhiyong, Zyoud, Samer H, Murray, Christopher J L, Smith, Amanda E, and Vollset, Stein Emil

Published
2024
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18. Acceptance of human papillomavirus vaccination and parents’ willingness to vaccinate their adolescents in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Author

Awoke Derbie, Daniel Mekonnen, Eyaya Misgan, Melanie Maier, Yimtubezinash Woldeamanuel, and Tamrat Abebe

Subjects
HPV, Vaccination uptake, Parents‘ willingness, Ethiopia, Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens, RC254-282, Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216
Abstract

Abstract Introduction Despite the global vaccination campaign to prevent HPV-related morbidity, HPV vaccination uptake remains unacceptably low in the developing world, like Ethiopia. For strong interventional measures, compiled data in the field is required which is otherwise missed in the Ethiopian context. Therefore, this systematic review aimed to provide an estimate of the HPV vaccination uptake, mothers‘ willingness to vaccinate their adolescent girls, and associated factors in Ethiopia. Methods Articles were systematically searched using comprehensive search strings from PubMed/Medline, SCOPUS, and grey literature from Google Scholar. Two reviewers assessed study eligibility, extracted data, and assessed the risk of bias independently. Meta-analysis was performed using STATA v 14 to pool the vaccination uptake and mothers‘ willingness toward HPV vaccination in Ethiopia. Results We included 10 articles published between 2019 and 2022 covering reports of 3,388 adolescent girls and 2,741 parents. All the included articles had good methodological quality. The pooled estimate of the proportion of good knowledge about HPV vaccination and the agreement of girls to get the vaccine was 60% (95%CI: 59–62) and 65% (95%CI: 64–67), respectively. The pooled estimate of vaccination uptake of at least one dose of HPV vaccine among girls was 55% (95%CI: 53–57). Positive attitudes to the vaccine, higher maternal education, and having knowledge about HPV and its vaccine were reported as statistically significant predictors. On the contrary, not having adequate information about the vaccine and concerns about possible side effects were reported as reasons to reject the vaccine. Likewise, the pooled estimate of mothers who were knowledgeable about HPV vaccination, who had a positive attitude, and willing to vaccinate their children were 38% (95%CI: 36–40) 58% (95%CI: 56–60), and 74% (95%CI: 72–75), respectively. Conclusions Knowledge about the HPV vaccine among girls and their vaccination uptake is suboptimal that falls short of the 2030 WHO targets. Therefore, stakeholders need major efforts in rolling out vaccination programs and monitoring their uptake. Social mobilization towards primary prevention of HPV infection should focus on adolescents. The existing strategies need to address the predictors of uptake by educating girls and parents.

Published
2023
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19. Mortality of acute poisoning and its predictors in Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Author

Animut Takele Telayneh, Samuel Derbie Habtegiorgis, Molla Yigzaw Birhanu, Bickes Wube Sume, Temesgen Ayenew, Getnet Gedif, Bekalu Endalew, Dejenu Tsegaye, Getasew Yirdaw, Kalkidan Worku Mitiku, Frehiwot Molla, Nurilign Abebe Moges, and Getachew Mullu Kassa

Subjects
Acute poisoning, Mortality, Predictors, Ethiopia, Science (General), Q1-390, Social sciences (General), H1-99
Abstract

Introduction: Poison is defined as any chemical that has the potential to affect or harm human physiology due to its chemical activity. Poisoning is becoming a major preventable public health issue in many countries, including Ethiopia. There is a variation in acute poisoning mortality among the existing evidence in Ethiopia. This study aims to determine the pooled mortality rate from acute poisoning and its predictors in Ethiopia. Methods: We searched available evidence of acute poisoning mortality in databases such as PubMed, Hinari, Cochrane, ScienceDirect, and other search engines. Using the Microsoft Excel data extraction form, three authors independently extracted all relevant data. The Higgins I2 test statistics were used to examine heterogeneity among included studies A random-effects model was used to analyze the pooled estimates and predictors in Stata MP version 17. Results: We retrieved 2685 relevant records from different database sources, and after screening, 21 studies (17 published and 4 unpublished) were included. The pooled mortality rate for acute poisoning was 4.69(95 % CI: 3.69, 5.69 I2 = 94.7 %). The most common poisoning agents are organophosphate (29.9 %), household cleansing agents (17.5 %), and pharmaceuticals/medications (9.3 %). The majority of poisoning cases were intentional poisoning committed suicide. Poisoning cases in rural areas [RR: 3.98(95 % CI: 1.41, 11.25)] and delayed arrival times [RR: 2.90(95 % CI: 1.45, 5.84)] were identified predictors of mortality. Conclusions: In this study, the pooled mortality from acute poisoning was 4.69 %. Poisoned cases from rural areas and delayed arrival times to the hospital were predictors of mortality. To prevent mortality, healthcare professionals should give special attention to rural residents and delayed arrival of poison cases. To control this avoidable death, poison control centers should be strengthened, and other preventive measures implemented at the national level.

Published
2024
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20. Prevalence of posttraumatic stress disorder and associated factors among displaced people in Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Author

Fantahun Andualem, Mamaru Melkam, Girmaw Medfu Takelle, Girum Nakie, Techilo Tinsae, Setegn Fentahun, Gidey Rtbey, Tesfaye Derbie Begashaw, Jemal Seid, Lidiya Fasil Tegegn, Getachew Muluye Gedef, Desalegn Anmut Bitew, and Tilahun Nega Godana

Subjects
epidemiology, prevalence, posttraumatic stress disorder, PTSD, displaced people, refugees, Psychiatry, RC435-571
Abstract

BackgroundThe number of people who have been displaced from their homes due to violence, conflict, and natural disasters. The displaced persons are vulnerable to PTSD; however, being women, individuals with lower socio-economic status and intense exposure to physical assault are more vulnerable. The reviews stated that the pooled prevalence of PTSD among refugees in high-income countries was higher than the general population. However, there has been no review done on PTSD among displaced persons in Africa. Therefore, the aim of this review was to summarise the most recent data evidence on the pooled prevalence of posttraumatic stress disorder and the pooled effect of associated factors on adult displaced people in Africa.MethodsWe used an appropriate guideline for systematic reviews and meta-analyses reports, which is the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). This review protocol was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42023411371). The publications were identified from PubMed/Medline, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, Scopus databases, and other grey searches of Google Scholar and World Health Organisation (WHO) reports. The data was extracted in Microsoft Excel, and then it will be imported into STATA 11.0 for analysis.ResultsWe have included 10 studies conducted in African countries with 5287 study participants. In this meta-analysis, the pooled prevalence of PTSD among displaced people in Africa was 55.64 (95% CI: 42.76–68.41%). Further, in subgroup analysis regarding the study participants, the pooled prevalence of PTSD among internally displaced people and refugees was 56.35% and 54.04%, respectively. Among the associated factors, being female, unemployed, and depression were significantly related to PTSD among displaced people.ConclusionsIn this review, the pooled prevalence of PTSD among displaced people in Africa was high. Demographic characteristics (female, single, and unemployed), substance use disorder, and depression were risk factors for PTSD among displaced people. This finding might help the stakeholders (mental health policy makers, administrators, and mental health professionals) to address the prevention, early screening, and management of PTSD among displaced people and to give attention to more vulnerable bodies.Systematic review registrationPROSPERO, identifier CRD42023411371.

Published
2024
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23. Comparative serum lipid and immunohematological values among adult pulmonary tuberculosis and tuberculosis lymphadenitis cases and their association with sputum bacilli load and time to culture positivity in Northwestern Ethiopia

Author

Mekonnen, Daniel, Nibret, Endalkachew, Munshea, Abaineh, Derbie, Awoke, Zenebe, Yohannes, Tadese, Aimro, Birku, Tigist, Tesfa, Endalamaw, Sinishaw, Mulusew Alemneh, Getachew, Hailu, Gashaw, Yosef, Yismaw, Gizachew, Kebede, Mihiretu M., and Gelaw, Baye

Published
2023
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26. Multicentre Cross-Sectional Study Describing Postoperative Wound Care Practice in Northeast Ethiopia

Author

Lidiya Fasil Tegegn MSc, Fantahun Andualem MSc, Tesfaye Derbie Begashaw MSc, Jemal Seid MSc, and Kibir Temesgen MSc

Subjects
Nursing, RT1-120
Abstract

Background Postoperative care is the management of a patient after surgery that includes care given during the immediate postoperative period. Postoperative complications are continuing to be a major source of morbidity following operative procedures. Postoperative wound infection delays the patient’s recovery, increases discomfort, and prolongs the hospital stay. Objective The study aimed to assess among nurses working in governmental hospitals in the south Wollo zone and Oromia special zone, northeast Ethiopia, 2020. Methods Institution-based cross-sectional study design was conducted on governmental hospitals in the south Wollo zone and Oromia special zone. Variables in multivariable logistic regression, p -value

Published
2023
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27. Valorization of calcium hypochlorite precipitate as a new source of heterogeneous catalyst development for biodiesel production: A preliminary experiment

Author

Kedir Derbie Mekonnen and Kefyalew Hailemariam

Subjects
Ca(ClO)2 precipitate, Heterogeneous catalyst, Methanolysis, Waste cooking oil methyl ester, Science (General), Q1-390, Social sciences (General), H1-99
Abstract

One of the main problem related with liquid bleach production from calcium hypochlorite is the amount of precipitates generated and its consequent management. As a result, academic and industrial communities have been challenged with searching of a means for its valorization. Therefore, this research explores the application of the precipitate as a viable source of Ca-based heterogeneous catalyst development for the production of waste cooking oil methyl esters for the first-time. The catalyst was prepared by dividing the precipitates into three forms, viz. raw untreated (RC), heat treated (RC-TB), and NaOH impregnated plus thermally activated (RC-ITB). The prepared catalysts were efficiently characterized by XRF, XRD, FTIR, SEM, and BET techniques. The characterization results indicated that the catalysts are mainly composed of calcium metal in the form of oxides (CaO), calcite (CaCO3) and Portlandite (Ca(OH)2), which are the promising constituents of basic catalysts. The BET inspection of RC, RC-TB, and RC-ITB revealed the specific surface area of 8.509, 9.089, and 9.312 m2/g, respectively. At the same reaction conditions, the maximum biodiesel yield of 76.05 % was achieved by RC-ITB compared to RC-TB (62.57 %) and RC (19.74 %), because it's larger specific surface area and highest basic nature (pH = 12.65 at 1:5 w/v) improves the reaction catalysis through better catalyst-substrates interactions. The lower biodiesel yield was attained through the RC catalyst due to its untreated surface, lower specific area, and weak alkaline nature (pH value = 10.66 at 1:5 w/v). Furthermore, regardless of the amount of yield, almost similar fuel properties and functional groups of the products over the coded catalysts were observed. Generally, the possibility of calcium hypochlorite precipitate as a precursor of Ca-based heterogeneous catalyst has been effectively proven in this research, which could be very important for environmental safety and industrial resource integration.

Published
2023
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28. Comparative serum lipid and immunohematological values among adult pulmonary tuberculosis and tuberculosis lymphadenitis cases and their association with sputum bacilli load and time to culture positivity in Northwestern Ethiopia

Author

Daniel Mekonnen, Endalkachew Nibret, Abaineh Munshea, Awoke Derbie, Yohannes Zenebe, Aimro Tadese, Tigist Birku, Endalamaw Tesfa, Mulusew Alemneh Sinishaw, Hailu Getachew, Yosef Gashaw, Gizachew Yismaw, Mihiretu M. Kebede, and Baye Gelaw

Subjects
Serum lipid, Immunohematological values, Pulmonary tuberculosis, Tuberculous lymphadenitis, Ethiopia, Nutritional diseases. Deficiency diseases, RC620-627
Abstract

Abstract Background The serum lipid and immunohematological values of tuberculosis lymphadenitis (TBLN) patients is poorly documented relative to pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) cases. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the serum lipid and immunohematological values of patients with TBLN in comparison with PTB (PTB) patients. Methods An institution-based comparative cross-sectional study was conducted in Northwest Ethiopia from March to December 2021. The study participants were bacteriologically confirmed PTB (n = 82) and TBLN (n = 94) cases with no known comorbidity and whose ages was greater than 18 years and with no current pregnancy. Independent sample t-test, one-way ANOVA, box plot, and correlation matrix were used to analyze the data. Results The body mass index (BMI), CD4 + T cell count, and high-density lipoprotein-Cholesterol (HDL-C) values were significantly higher among TBLN cases compared with PTB cases. Additionally, the total white blood cell (WBC) count, hemoglobin (Hb), total Cholesterol (CHO) and creatinine (Cr) values were relatively higher among TBLN than PTB (P > 0.05). On the reverse, the platelet count and triacylglycerol (TAG) values were relatively higher among PTB than in TBLN cases. While the mean days of culture positivity were 11.6 days for TBLN, the mean days of culture positivity were 14.0 days for PTB. Anemia and serum lipid values showed no correlation with sputum bacilli load and time to culture positivity. Conclusion Tuberculous lymphadenitis patients were well-endowed with serum lipid, immunological and nutritional status compared with PTB cases. Hence, the high incidence rate of TBLN in Ethiopia could not be explained by low peripheral immunohematological values, malnutrition, Anemia, and dyslipidemia. Further study for identifying the predictors for TBLN in Ethiopia is highly desirable.

Published
2023
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30. High-risk human papillomavirus genotype distribution among women with gynecology complaints in northwest Ethiopia

Author

Awoke Derbie, Melanie Maier, Bereket Amare, Eyaya Misgan, Endalkachew Nibret, Uwe G. Liebert, Yimtubezinash Woldeamanuel, and Tamrat Abebe

Subjects
Human papillomavirus (HPV), HR-HPV, Genotype distribution, Northwest Ethiopia, Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens, RC254-282, Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216
Abstract

Abstract Background Human papillomavirus (HPV) genotypes differ by geographic location. With the advent of HPV vaccination and HPV-based cervical screening tests in Ethiopia, a nationwide dataset on the genotype distribution of HPV among women has paramount importance in the fight against cervical cancer. However, there is limited data in this regard in the northwest part of the country. Therefore, this study aimed to identify the genotype distribution of high-risk HPVs among women presenting with cervical abnormalities. Methods A health facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted at Felege Hiwot Comprehensive Specialized Hospital (FHCSH), Bahir Dar–Ethiopia. Women aged ≥ 30 years who visited the hospital gynecology unit from 01 March 2019 to 30 October 2021 were included. Following general and pelvic examinations, a senior gynecologist collected cervical punch biopsies for histopathological examinations and cervical swabs for HR-HPV detection using the Abbott Alinity m system (Abbott Molecular, Des Plaines, IL, USA). Extended genotyping was carried out with the INNO-LiPA HPV Genotyping Extra II assay (INNO-LiPA; Fujirebio Europe, Ghent, Belgium) as per the manufacturer protocols at the Institute of Virology, Leipzig University Hospital, Germany. Results We included 355 women with a mean age of 46.4 ± 11.4 years. The majority of the participants, 277 (79.4%) were sexually active before the age of 18 years and 180 (51.6%) had multiple sexual partners. Forty-eight (13.5%) of the participants were HIV positive. The proportion of HR-HPV was 53.0% (n = 188; 95%CI: 47.8–58.1%). From these samples, 13 different HR-HPV types with a total of 258 sequences were identified. The detection of HR-HPV increased significantly with an increase in the age of the participants. The predominant identified HR-HPV was HPV16, 50.4% followed by HPV31 (9.7%), HPV33 (8.5%), HPV39, and HPV68 each (5.8%) and HPV18 (4.7%). Of the total HR-HPV-positive women, 23.9% (45/188) were infected with multiple HR-HPV types. All HPV16, HPV18, HPV35, and HPV45 genotypes (as a single or in coinfections) were found to be associated with either high-grade lesions or cervical cancer. Conclusions HR-HPV infection was reportedly higher among women in the present study area. Based on our findings, we strongly recommend the nonavalent HPV vaccine for immunization and any HPV-based screening method to take into consideration the predominant genotypes circulating in the country. The role of multiple HPV infections in high-grade cervical lesions entails further study in Ethiopia.

Published
2023
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32. Nutritional compositions and functional properties of New Ethiopian chickpea varieties: Effects of variety, grown environment and season

Author

Lamesgen Yegrem, Derbie Mengestu, Oli Legesse, Workenh Abebe, and Negussie Girma

Subjects
varieties, chickpea, Functional properties and nutritional composition, Nutrition. Foods and food supply, TX341-641, Food processing and manufacture, TP368-456
Abstract

Chickpeas are nutritious legumes, which are a rich source of proteins, fiber, carbohydrate, vitamins and minerals. Factors affect the nutritional composition of crops including chickpeas like variety, growing environments and seasons are the most common. Studies have not yet reported on the effects of variety, grown location, and grown season on specifically for Ethiopia chickpea nutritional and functional characteristics. To address this, eleven released chickpea varieties were grown at three locations in Ethiopia, during 2018 and 2019 main cropping season, representing three different agroecological environments. Then functional properties, proximate and minerals composition and in chickpea flour were determined. Variation in most nutritional composition and functional properties of eleven chickpea varieties were observed among grown within each location in each season. Statistical analysis of combined data showed significant differences among varieties, locations, and grown season for each measured parameter. High proportion of the total variation for almost studied parameters explained by the main effects of variety indicates a significant heritability for them. Growing location was found to have a significant effect on all functional properties except OAC, total ash, crude fat, crude protein, carbohydrate, energy, calcium, magnesium, iron and zinc. Grown Season was found to affect OAC, WAC, SC, FS, EA, total ash, calcium, magnesium, iron and zinc. Rainfall is the climate characteristic that may be responsible for these year-dependent differences. HC and SC (r = 0.902) and energy and fat (r = 0.800) showed positive correlation whereas, carbohydrate and protein (r = −0.896) and energy and fiber (r = −0.674) showed negative correlation. The current study established a better understanding of the varietal effects of genotype and environment on functional and nutritional composition properties of chickpea flours.

Published
2022
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36. Psychological Distress Associated With Suicidal Ideation Among Glaucoma Patients Attending at Tertiary Eye Care Clinic, Gondar, Ethiopia.

Author

Andualem, Fantahun, Ali, Dawed, Tinsae, Techilo, Nakie, Girum, Gedef, Getachew Muluye, Demilew, Demeke, Begashaw, Tesfaye Derbie, Tegegn, Lidiya Fasil, and Seid, Jemal

Subjects
CROSS-sectional method, PSYCHOLOGICAL distress, SUICIDAL ideation, GLAUCOMA, SCIENTIFIC observation, MULTIPLE regression analysis, STATISTICAL sampling, INTERVIEWING, EYE care, DISEASE prevalence, DESCRIPTIVE statistics, SUICIDAL behavior, ODDS ratio, STATISTICS, CLINICS, CONFIDENCE intervals, DATA analysis software, SOCIAL support, SOCIODEMOGRAPHIC factors, SPECIALTY hospitals, SOCIAL stigma
Abstract

Introduction: Suicide is defined as the deliberate taking of one's own life with either implicit or explicit proof; however, it can also refer to the contemplation or actualization of suicide. Suicide is a mental illness with several contributing factors. It is frequently linked to sex, age, health problems, substance misuse, and traumatic life experiences. Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of suicide thought and attempts among glaucoma patients and its contributing factors in Gondar, Ethiopia, 2022. Methods: An observational cross-sectional study was conducted on 422 glaucoma patients at the Tertiary Eye Care Clinic, University of Gondar Comprehensive and Specialized Hospital. Suicidal ideation and attempts were assessed using the suicidality module of the World Mental Health Survey Initiative version of the World Health Organization's Composite International Diagnostic Interview. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regressions were conducted to identify factors associated with suicidal ideation and attempts. The variables with a p -value less than 0.05 and a 95% CI were considered statistically significant. Results: The overall prevalence of suicidal ideation and attempt was 6.4% with a 95% CI of 4.3–9.2% and 2.4% with a 95% CI of 1.1–4.3%, respectively. In multivariate analysis, severe psychological distress, moderate psychological distress, mild psychological distress, and current substance use were identified as risk factors for suicidal ideation, whereas living alone, co-morbid chronic medical disease, and ever-present substance use were identified as risk factors for suicidal attempts. Conclusion: Based on this study finding, the prevalence of suicidal ideation and attempts was high among glaucoma patients. This study may provide further information to pay much attention to the physical health care of patients with glaucoma. More representative samples, or rather, a cross-sectional study design, should be used in future studies aiming for more precise data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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37. Leaf Mustard (Brassica juncea) Germplasm Resources Showed Diverse Characteristics in Agro-Morphological Traits and Glucosinolate Levels

Author

Awraris Derbie Assefa, Seong-Hoon Kim, Ho Chul Ko, Nayoung Ro, Parthiban Subramanian, Yun-Jo Chung, Yong-Hyuk Lee, Bum-Soo Hahn, and Ju-Hee Rhee

Subjects
agro-morphological characters, diversity, glucosinolates, leaf mustard, Chemical technology, TP1-1185
Abstract

Leaf mustard, characterized by its purple/red/green leaves with a green/white midrib, is known for its thick, tender, and spicy leaves with a unique taste and flavor. There were only a few studies reported on leaf mustard for its morphological and biochemical traits from Korea. A total of 355 leaf mustard accessions stored at the GenBank of the National Agrobiodiversity Center were evaluated for 25 agro-morphological traits and seven intact glucosinolates (GSLs). The accessions showed a wide variation in terms of most of the traits. The quantitative agro-morphological traits varied from 16.0 (leaf length) to 48.7% (petiole width) of the coefficient of variation (CV). The highest variation was observed in glucoiberin (299.5%, CV), while the total GSL showed a CV of 66.1%. Sinigrin, followed by gluconapin and gluconasturtiin, was the most abundant GSL, accounting for as high as 75% of the total GSLs, while glucobrassicanapin and glucoiberin were the least abundant, contributing 0.7% and 0.1% on average, respectively. Sinigrin had a positive significant correlation with all GSLs but gluconasturtiin, while glucobarbarin and gluconasturtiin were highly positively correlated to each other, but least correlated with other GSLs. The leaf length was negatively correlated with sinigrin and glucoiberin. The width of the petiole showed a positive correlation with gluconapin, glucobrassicanapin, and glucobrassicin, while the length of the petiole had a negative correlation with sinigrin, glucobrassicanapin, glucoiberin, glucobrassicin, and the total GSLs. A higher width of the midrib was associated with higher contents of gluconapin, glucobrassicanapin, and glucobrassicin. A PCA analysis based on the agro-morphological traits showed that the first and second principal components accounted for 65.2% of the overall variability. Accessions that form a head tend to exhibit a longer leaf length, a larger plant weight, a thicker midrib, and higher widths of the midrib, petiole, and leaf. The GSLs showed inconsistent inter-and intra-leaf variation. Accessions that identified for various traits in their performance, such as, for example, Yeosu66 and IT259487 (highest total glucosinolates) and IT228984 (highest plant weight), would be promising lines for developing new varieties.

Published
2023
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38. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy as a tool for identifying the unique characteristic bands of lipid in oilseed components: Confirmed via Ethiopian indigenous desert date fruit

Author

Kedir Derbie Mekonnen

Subjects
Oilseed, Desert date, FTIR analysis, Lipid bands, Functional group, Science (General), Q1-390, Social sciences (General), H1-99
Abstract

Searching for good sources of value-added lipids that can be utilized for industrial and domestic applications is getting a fast-growing attention. Hence, the exploitation of underutilized fruit species for oil production is of particular care. But, rapid and accurate characterization of oil-bearing biomass before considering it as an alternative source is essential to know the properties of interest which significantly influence biomass conversion. Instead of testing oilseed components to know their lipid reach part via extractive techniques, one of the rapid analysis methods is Fourier transform infrared spectroscopic approach. Thus, this paper aims to identify the unique characteristic bands of lipids in oilseed components confirmed via Ethiopian desert date fruit (i.e., mesocarp, endocarp, kernel and oil). While all parts of the fruit were subjected to oil extraction, it was proved that the only fatty portion containing about 40.32% wt of lipid was in its kernel. Accordingly, the only functional groups observed in the oil-rich part include = C–H stretching at 3006/7 cm−1 in aromatic and olefins of unsaturated fatty acid, symmetrical C–H stretching of aliphatics in the –CH3 groups at 2853 cm−1, C–O stretching in esters due to asymmetric vibrations of C–C(=O)–O bonds at 1159/66 cm−1, and C–H rocking vibration of methylene in alkanes at 718/23 cm−1.

Published
2023
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39. Married women pre-marital HIV testing status in Ethiopia: Individual and community level factor analysis

Author

Molla Yigzaw Birhanu, Daniel Bekele Ketema, Melaku Desta, Samuel Derbie Habtegiorgis, Belayneh Mengist, Alehegn Aderaw Alamneh, Ayenew Negesse Abeje, Eniyew Tegegne, Aytenew Geremew Mengist, Migbar Dessalegn, Getamesay Molla Bekele, and Selamawit Shita Jemberie

Subjects
pre-marital, married women, HIV testing, Ethiopia, multi-level, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract

IntroductionMarriage between serodiscordant individuals accounts for 65–85% of new infections. Pre-marital Human Immune Virus (HIV) testing opens the door for HIV infection prevention and control. There are no studies that have evaluated the coverage and factors influencing pre-marital HIV testing at the community level in Ethiopia.MethodsThis study was conducted using 10,008 samples of data extracted from Ethiopian demographic and health surveys (EDHS), 2016. To identify individual and community level factors a multi-level binary logistic regression model was used. Among fitted models, “full” model was taken as the best model. To declare the presence or absence of significant association with pre-marital HIV testing, a p-value < 0.05 with confidence interval (CI) was used.ResultsIn Ethiopia, 21.4% (95% CI: 20.6, 22.2%) of study participants had pre-marital HIV testing. Age 35–49 years (AOR = 0.25; 95% CI: 0.09, 0.66), educated (AOR = 1.76; 95% CI: 1.17, 2.79), rich (AOR = 1.95; 95% CI: 1.13, 3.55), having media exposure (AOR = 1.54; 95% CI: 1.30, 4.71), and high community level literacy (AOR = 0.38; 95% CI: 0.22, 0.66) were factors significantly associated with pre-marital HIV testing.ConclusionThe low coverage of pre-marital HIV testing in Ethiopia is insufficient to have a significant influence on the HIV/Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) epidemic. Information dissemination to create awareness about human rights and public health implications of pre-marital HIV testing áre necessary while it is made mandatory.

Published
2023
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43. Human papillomavirus genotype distribution in Ethiopia: an updated systematic review

Author

Awoke Derbie, Daniel Mekonnen, Endalkachew Nibret, Melanie Maier, Yimtubezinash Woldeamanuel, and Tamrat Abebe

Subjects
Human papillomaviruses, HPV, Genotype distribution, Ethiopia, Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216
Abstract

Abstract Background Cervical cancer is caused by infection with high-risk human papillomaviruses (HR-HPVs). It is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths in Ethiopia and globally. To develop efficient vaccination and HPV-based cervical cancer screening approaches, data on genotype distribution of HPVs is crucial. Hence, the study was aimed to review HPV genotype distribution in Ethiopia. Methods Research articles were systematically searched using comprehensive search strings from PubMed/Medline and SCOPUS. Besides, Google Scholar was searched manually for grey literature. The last search was conducted on 18 August 2021. The first two authors independently appraised the studies for scientific quality and extracted the data using Excel sheet. The pooled HPV genotype distribution was presented with descriptive statistics. Results We have included ten studies that were reported from different parts of the country during 2005 and 2019. These studies included 3633 women presented with different kinds of cervical abnormalities, from whom 29 different HPV genotypes with a sum of 1926 sequences were reported. The proportion of high-risk, possible/probable high-risk and low-risk HPVs were at 1493 (77.5%), 182 (9.4%) and 195 (10.1%), respectively. Of the reported genotypes, the top five were HPV 16 (37.3%; 95% CI 35.2.1–39.5%), HPV 52 (6.8%; 95% CI 5.8–8.0%), HPV 35 (4.8%; 95% CI 3.9–5.8%), HPV 18 (4.4%; 95% CI 3.5–5.3%) and HPV 56 (3.9%: 95% CI 3.1–4.9%). Some of other HR-HPV groups include HPV 31 (3.8%), HPV 45 (3.5%), HPV 58 (3.1%), HPV 59(2.3%), and HPV 68 (2.3%). Among the high-risk types, the combined prevalence of HPV 16/18 was at 53.7% (95% CI 51.2–56.3%). HPV 11 (2.7%: 95% CI 2.1–3.5%), HPV 42 (2.1%: 95% CI 1.5–2.8%) and HPV 6 (2.1%: 95% CI 1.4–2.7%) were the most common low-risk HPV types. Conclusions We noted that the proportion of HR-HPV types was higher and HPV 16 in particular, but also HPV 52, HPV 35 and HPV 18, warrant special attention in Ethiopian’s vaccination and HPV based cervical screening program. Additional data from other parts of the country where there is no previous HPV genotype report are needed to better map the national HPV genotypes distribution of Ethiopia.

Published
2022
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44. Pre-labor rupture of membranes and associated factors among pregnant women admitted to the maternity ward, Northwest Ethiopia

Author

Animut Takele Telayneh, Daniel Bekele Ketema, Belayneh Mengist, Lieltework Yismaw, Yibelu Bazezew, Molla Yigzaw Birhanu, and Samuel Derbie Habtegiorgis

Subjects
Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270
Abstract

Pre-labor rupture of membranes (PROM) is the rupture of fetal membranes before the onset of labor. PROM is found in 3–15% of all pregnancies and 30–40% of preterm labor worldwide. The most serious complications are neonatal and prenatal mortality, which is higher in Africa, including Ethiopia. Despite a paucity of evidence on the magnitude and factors affecting PROM after 28 weeks of gestation but before the onset of labor (including both term and preterm PROM). Hence, the purpose of this study was to determine the magnitude and identify associated factors of the pre-labor rupture of membranes. An institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 315 pregnant women from April 10, 2019 to June 30, 2019 at Debre Markos Referral Hospital. The samples were chosen using a systematic random sampling method among admitted pregnant women. The data were entered using EpiData entry version 4.2 and cleaned and analyzed using Stata/SE version 14.0. In binary logistic regressions, variables with a p-value

Published
2023

45. Magnitude and associated factors of respectful maternity care in Tirunesh Beijing Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2021

Author

Alemu Basazin Mingude, Tadesse Mamo Dejene, Samuel Derbie Habtegiorgis, and Fiseha Sahle

Subjects
Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract

Objective: The main aim of this research was to assess the magnitude of respectful maternity care and associated factors during labour and delivery in Tirunesh Beijing General Hospital, 2021. Methods: Facility-based cross-sectional research was employed among 319 postnatal mothers who were selected by systematic random sampling technique. Bi-variable and multi-variable logistic regression analysis was used to identify associated factors. Variables whose p-value

Published
2022
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46. Food taboos and associated factors among agro-pastoralist pregnant women: A community-based cross-sectional study in Eastern Ethiopia

Author

Tesfa Mengie, Yadeta Dessie, Gudina Egata, Temesgen Muche, Samuel Derbie Habtegiorgis, and Lemma Getacher

Subjects
Food taboos, Pregnant women, Ethiopia, Prevalence, Agro-pastoralist area, Science (General), Q1-390, Social sciences (General), H1-99
Abstract

In underdeveloped nations, cultural norms that are harmful to women's health, such as food taboos, are responsible for five to fifteen percent of pregnancy-related deaths. Food Taboo traditions prevent women from consuming particular foods, which reduces dietary diversity and food quality and may have detrimental nutritional effects. However, little is known about Ethiopia’s dietary taboos and related issues. So, the purpose of this study was to find out how common food taboos are among pregnant women in agro pastoralist settings, as well as the accompanying factors. 636 pregnant women were enrolled in a community-based cross-sectional study using a two-stage cluster sampling strategy, distributed over seven clusters. Data were exported from Epi Data version 3.01 to Statistical Package for Social Science version 20 after being entered. The prevalence of dietary taboos in this study was 67.4% (95% CI: 63.7%, 71.1%). Food taboos were independently and significantly predicted by lack of formal education [AOR = 1.97 (95% CI: 1.583, 4.496), low wealth index [AOR = 2.26 (95% CI: 1.173, 4.353)], absence of antenatal care visits [AOR = 6.16 (95% CI: 4.996, 10.128), lack of knowledge of maternal nutrition [AOR = 4.94 (95% CI: 3.799, 8.748)], and negative attitude toward maternal nutrition [ In the research area, dietary taboos were very common. Food taboos were independently predicted by low wealth index, lack of maternity care visits, lack of formal education, ignorance of maternal nutrition, and unfavorable attitudes. Therefore, it is highly advised that strong community-based maternal nutrition education and counseling, raising women's income, and preparing young women for study in order to improve their educational standing be implemented.

Published
2022
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49. Time to major adverse drug reactions and its predictors among children on antiretroviral treatment at northwest Amhara selected public hospitals northwest; Ethiopia, 2023.

Author

Tsega, Bantegizie Senay, Habtamu, Abebe, Wubie, Moges, Telayneh, Animut Takele, Endalew, Bekalu, Habtegiorgis, Samuel Derbie, Birhanu, Molla Yigzaw, Kebede, Worku Misganaw, and Bishaw, Keralem Anteneh

Subjects
DRUG side effects, ANTIRETROVIRAL agents, PROPORTIONAL hazards models, OPPORTUNISTIC infections, PATIENT compliance, AIDS-related opportunistic infections
Abstract

Background: Adverse drug reaction is one of the emerging challenges in antiretroviral treatment. Determining the incidence rate and predictors among children on antiretroviral treatment (ART) is essential to improve treatment outcomes and minimize harm. And also, evidence regarding the time to major adverse drug reactions and its predictors among children on antiretroviral treatment is limited in Ethiopia. Objective: This study aimed to assess the time to major adverse drug reaction and its predictors among children on antiretroviral treatment at selected public hospitals in Northwest Amhara, Ethiopia, 2023. Method: A retrospective cohort study was conducted among 380 children on antiretroviral treatment who enrolled from June 27, 2017, to May 31, 2022. Data was collected using a structured data extraction checklist. Data were entered into Epidata 4.6 and analyzed using STATA 14. The incidence rate of major adverse drug reactions was determined per person/months. The Cox proportional hazards regression model was used to identify predictors of major adverse drug responses. A p-value less than 0.05 with a 95% CI was used to declare statistical significance. Result: The minimum and maximum follow-up time was 6 and 59 months, respectively. The study participants were followed for a total of 9916 person-months. The incidence rate of major adverse drug reactions was 3.5 /1000 person–months. Advanced clinical stages of HIV/AIDS (III and IV) [adjusted hazard ratio = 7.3, 95% CI: 2.74–19.60)], poor treatment adherence [adjusted hazard ratio = 0.33, 95% CI: 0.21–0.42], taking antiretroviral treatment twice and more [adjusted hazard ratio = 3.43, 955 CI: (1.26–9.33)] and not taking opportunistic infection prophylaxis [adjusted hazard ratio = 0.35, 95% CI: 0.23–0.52)] were predictors of major adverse drug reactions. Conclusion: The incidence rate of major adverse drug reactions among children on antiretroviral treatment was congruent with studies in Ethiopia. Advanced clinical stages of HIV/AIDS, poor treatment adherence, taking antiretroviral treatment medications twice or more, and not taking opportunistic infection prophylaxis were predictors of major adverse drug reactions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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50. A preliminary evaluation of how classical separation techniques affect the solid catalyst surface features during transesterification.

Author

Mekonnen, Kedir Derbie

Subjects
*CETANE number, *CATALYST structure, *HETEROGENEOUS catalysts, *PRODUCT recovery, *SPECIFIC gravity
Abstract

AbstractThe aim of this study was to investigate how the classical separation methods alter the solid catalyst surface structure in heterogeneous-catalyzed transesterification, viz., centrifugal and gravitational settling-in-funnel schemes, for the first time. The FTIR spectroscopy showed that while the settling system produces vivid and smooth surface shifting as a result of long-term contact with reaction products, centrifugal separation does not entirely obliterate the identity of the post-reaction catalyst surface. In addition, the SEM analysis confirmed that smaller agglomerates, which may have resulted from the dissolution of some particles and the accumulation of organic substances that clog the catalyst pore through the formation of calcium-glycerol bonds during the decantation period, were observed in the gravitational settling system; this trait could also complicate the separation and lower the desired product recovery (biodiesel). Whereas the centrifugal separation technique revealed the presence of bigger oval-shaped agglomerates, which are anticipated to possess more unoccupied active sites for efficient catalysis. As a result, centrifugal separation produces a greater biodiesel yield (87 ± 0.9%) than the settling method (76.6 ± 2%). The fuel properties of biodiesel products were characterized in terms of acid value, kinematic viscosity, cetane number, and specific gravity, of which only the cetane number does not meet the international limit due to its aromatic content. Generally, the results of this study proved that centrifuges are a more effective method of separating heterogeneous catalysts relative to the decantation system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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