Search

Introduction. The paper provides a complex system analysis of sociolinguistic projects of the "Language Unit of the Year" type in various linguistic cultures. There are several studies related to the topic of sociolinguistic "Word of the Year" projects, which focus on the activation of lexical and thematic groups within the calendar year. The relevance of this study is based on the lack of scientific papers that provide a comprehensive understanding of socio-cultural projects aimed at identifying the mechanisms and priorities of linguistic reflection through other semantic units. The purpose of the study is to record projects initiated by different countries in the period from 1971, the launch of the first project in Germany, to the present, to identify regularities and notable differences. The novelty of the research lies in the consideration of these sociolinguistic projects in a broader scope of linguistic cultures and the analysis of various semiotic units reflecting the influence of extralinguistic processes on linguistic consciousness.Materials and Methods. A critical analysis of databases and official pages of project sites was carried out, scientific publications and news articles of online publications were studied. The research used the methods of observation, comparison, generalization, analysis, synthesis and interpretation of data.Analysis. The regularities and distinguishing features of the development of the "Word of the Year" projects in the media discourse are studied. The projects under the study are systematized by languages, countries, and periods of implementation, the venues for posting information about the projects are identified and the organizations implementing the projects as well as their goals pursued are discovered.Results. The study has allowed us to record 71 projects of the "Language Unit of the Year" type, which have been carried out since the second half of the XX till the first decades of the XXI century in 29 countries of Europe, Asia, North and South America, Africa and Australia in 21 languages of the world. A meaningful change in the interest vector of the public, media actors and researchers towards other semiotic units, like gestures, hieroglyphs, numbers, emoji, and memes, has been revealed.

Objective. The purpose of the study is to develop a new method of analyzing seismic vibrations of seismically isolated structures.Method. The structure is modeled by a system with one degree of freedom with a nonlinear stiffness characteristic. In the absence of damping an analytical solution of oscillation equations on the phase plane is obtained. In this case the connection between speeds and displacements is accurate, and the law of uniformly variable motion is used to calculate displacements.Result. To take into account the attenuation, the law of change in mechanical energy at each integration interval is used.Conclusion. An example of calculating a seismically isolated system with a sliding belt and a spring with a linearly varying characteristic of stiffness is considered. The influence of dry friction and viscous damping on the displacement and acceleration of the system is analyzed.

The ongoing degradation of natural resources and climate change are the focus of close attention of the global and business community. Sustainable development goals have been formulated at the highest levels of global economic governance. However, the existing trends are not broken and, obviously, a critical mass of business on a global scale is being conducted contrary to the declared direction. The purpose of the study is to identify the necessary characteristics of the management system of a sustainable organisation and the driving forces of its development. To achieve this goal, the author used the method of conceptual analysis. The systematisation of the research results was carried out on the basis of the author’s concept of the architectonics of the organisation’s management system. The approaches used to the formation of sustainability and management models of sustainable organisations were analysed both in the form of cases and in an analytical form. As a result of the study, the author revealed the features of managing a sustainable business organisation. Fundamental among them is the leader’s set of values. It is a necessary factor for the existence of the organisation. This particular set of values the author calles “sustainability”, and it determines the proper functioning of other system elements: organisational culture, performance indicators and internal organisational standards. The most significant sign of the “sustainability” set of values influence on the management system are investment decisions. In particular, the most striking indicator of the sustainability of the management system is the priority of long-term goals over short-term ones in the choice of production technologies in the company’s development process. The study confirmed the need for an integrated approach to assessing the sustainability of business organisations. The results of the study were used to create a conceptual architectonics of a sustainable organisation management system.

The diagnostic methods of senior pupils spiritual development are exposed in the article.

In this article author examines one of the most effective pedagogical conditions of spiritual senior pupils' education - humanization o f pedagogical process.