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Firstly, the current situation of satellite remote sensing, communication, and computing systems was systematically analyzed, and the real-time remote sensing dilemma existing in the traditional satellite remote sensing systems and the satellite remote sensing communication integrated system architecture was deeply analyzed.Secondly, a multi-satellite and satellite-ground coordination integrated system architecture for satellite remote sensing, communication, and computation was put forward, and the key components and the working theories modes of the architecture were introduced in detail.Thirdly, the advantages of this architecture were demonstrated and the feasibility of key technologies was systematically clarified.Finally, the simulation and analysis method based on this architecture, which could reach minute-level remote sensing tasks with high timeliness and high potential application value compared with the traditional mode, was elaborated.

Remote sensing image change captioning (RSICC) aims to automatically generate sentences that describe content differences in remote sensing bitemporal images. Recently, attention-based transformers have become a prevalent idea for capturing the features of global change. However, existing transformer-based RSICC methods face challenges, e.g., high parameters and high computational complexity caused by the self-attention operation in the transformer encoder component. To alleviate these issues, this article proposes a sparse focus transformer (SFT) for the RSICC task. Specifically, the SFT network consists of three main components, i.e., a high-level features extractor based on a convolutional neural network, a sparse focus attention mechanism-based transformer encoder network designed to locate and capture changing regions in dual-temporal images, and a description decoder that embeds images and words to generate sentences for captioning differences. The proposed SFT network can reduce the parameter number and computational complexity by incorporating a sparse attention mechanism within the transformer encoder network. Experimental results on various datasets demonstrate that even with a reduction of over 90% in parameters and computational complexity for the transformer encoder, our proposed network can still obtain competitive performance compared to other state-of-the-art RSICC methods.

Abstract Background To evaluate the prognostic role of imaging features based on CT and MRI in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC). Methods Two hundred and four patients from a single-center database who underwent radical ICC surgery from 2010 to 2019 were enrolled in the study. Cox proportional hazard model was used for survival analysis of imaging features. A meta-analysis was performed to determine imaging features that predict overall survival (OS) and event-free survival (EFS) in ICC. Results In the CT group of the retrospective cohort, tumor multiplicity, infiltrative tumor margin, lymph node metastasis, enhancement pattern in hepatic arterial phase and tumor necrosis correlated with poorer EFS and OS; moreover, enhancing capsules, high carcinoembryonic antigen levels contributed to poor OS. In the MRI group, tumor multiplicity and enhancement pattern were prognostic factors for OS; tumor multiplicity and enhancement pattern resulted in poor EFS. A total of 13 articles containing 1822 patients with ICC were enrolled in the adjusted hazard ratios meta-analysis. The results showed that enhancement pattern and infiltrative tumor margin were predictors of OS and EFS, whereas bile duct invasion was a predictor of OS. Conclusions Arterial enhancement patterns and tumor margin status were associated with both OS and EFS of ICC patients following resection.

Neo-tissue formation and host tissue regeneration determine the success of cardiac tissue engineering where functional hydrogel scaffolds act as cardiac (extracellular matrix) ECM mimic. Translationally, the hydrogel templates promoting neo-cardiac tissue formation are currently limited; however, they are highly demanding in cardiac tissue engineering. The current study focused on the development of a panel of four chitosan-based polyelectrolyte hydrogels as cardiac scaffolds facilitating neo-cardiac tissue formation to promote cardiac regeneration. Chitosan-PEG (CP), gelatin-chitosan-PEG (GCP), hyaluronic acid-chitosan-PEG (HACP), and combined CP (CoCP) polyelectrolyte hydrogels were engineered by solvent casting and assessed for physiochemical, thermal, electrical, biodegradable, mechanical, and biological properties. The CP, GCP, HACP, and CoCP hydrogels exhibited excellent porosity (4.24 ± 0.18, 13.089 ± 1.13, 12.53 ± 1.30 and 15.88 ± 1.10 for CP, GCP, HACP and CoCP, respectively), water profile, mechanical strength, and amphiphilicity suitable for cardiac tissue engineering. The hydrogels were hemocompatible as evident from the negligible hemolysis and RBC aggregation and increased adsorption of plasma albumin. The hydrogels were cytocompatible as evident from the increased viability by MTT (>94% for all the four hydrogels) assay and direct contact assay. Also, the hydrogels supported the adhesion, growth, spreading, and proliferation of H9c2 cells as unveiled by rhodamine staining. The hydrogels promoted neo-tissue formation that was proven using rat and swine myocardial tissue explant culture. Compared to GCP and CoCP, CP and HACP were superior owing to the cell viability, hemocompatibility, and conductance, resulting in the highest degree of cytoskeletal organization and neo-tissue formation. The physiochemical and biological performance of these hydrogels supported neo-cardiac tissue formation. Overall, the CP, GCP, HACP, and CoCP hydrogel systems promise novel translational opportunities in regenerative cardiology.

As one of hydrofluoroolefins (HFOs), HFO-1336mzz(E) is regarded as a promising eco-friendly alternative insulation medium to Sulfur Hexafluoride (SF6) owing to its excellent environmental effect and insulation property. To study the decomposition mechanism and insulation stability, the decomposition experiment of a 0.5 MPa mixture containing 8% HFO-1336mzz(E) and 92% air was performed under AC breakdown conditions. The results indicated that the main decomposition products were CF4, C2F6, C3F8, CF3H, CF3C=CH, CF3CH=CHF(E), CF3CHF2, CF3CH=CH2, CF2=CFH, CF2=CH2, CH≡CH, C4H2F6O, CF3O3CF3, etc. Among them, the generation of C3F8, CH≡CH, and C4H2F6O was relatively more difficult than others. Thus, these three compounds can be considered typical decomposition products. New elements, namely C, F, and N, appeared on the electrode surface after breakdowns compared to the state before breakdowns. It can be concluded that some complex chemical reactions were triggered between the electrode material and gas mixture under the action of breakdown discharge. Additionally, the breakdown voltage of the HFO-1336mzz(E)/air mixture almost remained unchanged, showing that the gas mixture still exhibited an excellent insulation stability after multiple breakdowns.

Background: Growing evidence suggests a bidirectional association between bipolar disorder (BD) and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD); however, observational studies are prone to confounding, making causal inference and directional determination of these associations difficult.Methods: We performed bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) and selected single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with BD and IBD as instrumental variables (IV). SNPs and genetic associations with BD and IBD were obtained from the latest genome-wide association studies (GWAS) in Europeans (BD: cases/controls: 20352/31358; IBD: 12882/21770; Crohn’s disease (CD): 5,956/14927; ulcerative colitis (UC): 6968/20464). The inverse-variance-weighted method was the major method used in MR analyses. MR-Egger, weight mode, simple mode, and weighted median were used for quality control.Results: Genetically predicted BD (per log-odds ratio increase) was significantly positively associated with risk of IBD (OR: 1.18, 95% CI: 1.04–1.33), and UC (OR = 1.19, 95% CI: 1.05–1.35), but not CD (OR = 1.18, 95% CI: 0.95–1.48). The validation analysis found that combined OR of IBD, CD, and UC increased per log-OR of BD were 1.16(95% CI: 1.02–1.31), 1.20(95% CI: 0.98–1.48) 1.17(95% CI: 1.02–1.35), respectively. In contrast, no causal relationship was identified between genetically influenced IBD and BD.Conclusion: Our results confirm a causal relationship between BD and IBD, which may influence clinical decisions on the management of BD patients with intestinal symptoms. Although the reverse MR results did not support a causal effect of IBD on BD, the effect of the IBD active period on BD remains to be further investigated.

CircRNAs have been reported to be related to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) development. Limited studies have revealed the expression profile of circRNAs in tumor and para-tumor normal samples in HCC patients. We found that circASPH was significantly increased in HCC tumor samples and that the level of circASPH was closely related to the overall survival of HCC patients. Mechanistically, circASPH could regulate the methylation of the promoter and expression of hydrocyanic oxidase 2 (HAO2) to promote HCC progression by acting as a sponge for miR-370-3p, and miR-370-3p could target DNMT3b and increase the 5mC level. In summary, our study determined that circASPH could regulate the methylation and expression of HAO2 and it could be considered an important epigenetic regulator in HCC progression.