Search

The authors found that in long-term studies, the levels of damage to raspberries of the remontant type of fruiting by raspberry gall midge Resseliella theobaldi (Barn.), associated with mycosis - midge blight: the development of the disease ranges from 29 to 40%. Also, deep necrotization of the internal tissues of the stem (loss of commercial productivity) ranges from 15 to 28% of the total number of shoots. Therefore, gallic burn with an average and severe degree of damage significantly affects the growth, development, and productivity of annual shoots of remontant raspberries. In addition, gall midge burn reduces the total number of internodes formed by 10–15%, increases the number of vegetative nodes on the shoot by 13–32%, and reduces the length of the productive shoot by 12–17 cm. In addition, the diameter of the generative projection at the base is reduced by 14%, the number of generative organs is reduced by 1.4–5.2 times, the weight of 1 fruit is also reduced by 1.1–1.4 times, the productivity of 1 shoot also decreases by 1.6–5.4 times. The authors found that the severity of gall burn on a remontant weakly resistant raspberry variety can theoretically be calculated by a regression equation for the relationship between the level of disease development (X) and the degree of decrease in shoot productivity (Y): Y = -0.6395 + 0.6267X + 0.0019X2, which allows interpolating estimates for any levels of damage to stands.

Introduction. The spread of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), comorbid with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, requires modification of methods for non-invasive diagnosis of liver steatosis and fibrosis and concomitant gastrointestinal syndromes.Aim. Substantiation of a modified complex outpatient transabdominal sonographic diagnosis of combined lesions of the liver and intestines in comorbid GERD.Materials and methods. 165 outpatients with GERD (mean age 40.4 ± 2.9 years) underwent clinical and laboratory examinations, ultrasound examination (UE) of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT), liver shear wave elastometry (SWE), esophagogastroduodenoscopy, colonoscopy (CS).Results and discussion. In patients with GERD, a pronounced transsyndromic comorbidity was observed. The degrees of steatosis and fibrosis of the liver according to SWE positively correlated with the biochemical indices APRI and FORNS. ST-index of liver steatosis was statistically significantly associated with the presence of esophagitis, bile sludge, gallbladder polyps and thickening of the colon wall according to ultrasound criteria, sigmoiditis according to CS. Steatosis on ultrasound was associated with male sex, increased waist circumference, lactase deficiency and deficiency of cholecalciferol in the blood, the presence of yeast-like fungi in feces. Liver fibrosis according to the FORNS index directly correlated with the volume of HE-reflux, duodenitis and intestinal damage according to the results of ultrasound, and according to the APRI index, it inversely correlated with the concentration of vitamin D3 in the blood. Fibrosis according to the ESP criteria directly correlated with the presence of hiatal hernia, bile sludge, and the volume of HE-refluxate according to ultrasound criteria; with lactase deficiency, as well as esophagitis and colitis on endoscopic signs.Conclusions. To identify steatosis and liver fibrosis, the SWE methodology can be considered priority, and serum panels of biomarkers – alternative. Ultrasound of the gastrointestinal tract and SWE allow you to identify the degree of steatosis and fibrosis of the liver, the pathology of the esophagus, colon and the biliary system.

INTRODUCTION. The need for accurate risk stratification is obvious. Modern methods are quite cumbersome, which can cause difficulties when applied in routine practice, and therefore relatively simple but accurate forecasting methods have become very popular, which, however, have not been validated in Russia: SORT (Surgical Outcome Risk Tool), SRS (Surgical Risk Scale), POSPOM (Preoperative Score to Predict Postoperative Mortality), NZRISK (New Zealand RISK), SMPM (Surgical Mortality Probability Model). OBJECTIVES. The aim of this work is to determine the prognostic value of risk assessment scales in predicting an unfavorable postoperative outcome based on the analysis of data obtained in the STOPRISK study in patients undergoing open abdominal surgery. MATERIALS AND METHODS. The analysis of data on perioperative parameters of 1,179 patients who underwent open abdominal surgery is presented. RESULTS. The fatal outcome was recorded in 14 patients (1.18 %). A total of 135 complications were registered in 92 patients (7.8 %). All scales demonstrated satisfactory prognostic value in assessing the risk of complications (the area under the operating characteristic curve (AUROC) for the Physical Status Scale of the American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) was 0.714 (0.687–0.739), for the Surgical Risk Scale (SRS) — 0.727 (0.701–0.753), for the Surgical Outcome Risk Scale (SORT) — 0.738 (0.712–0.763), for the New Zealand Risk Scale (NZRISK) — 0.763 (0.738–0.787), for the Surgical Mortality Probability Scale (SMPM) — 0.732 (0.706–0.757), for the Preoperative Postoperative mortality Prediction Scale (POSPOM) — 0.764 (0.738–0.788)) and good in assessing the risk of death (AUROC for the ASA scale was 0.82 (0.804–0.843), for the SRS scale — 0.860 (0.838–0.879), for the SORT scale — 0.860 (0.838–0.879), for the NZRISK scale — 0.807 (0.783–0.829), for the SMPM scale — 0.852 (0.831–0.872), for the POSPOM scale — 0.811 (0.788–0.833)). CONCLUSIONS. All the studied scales have good prognostic value in assessing the risk of 30-day mortality after major abdominal surgery. The NZRISK and POSPOM scales demonstrate good prognostic value for cardiovascular complications, POSPOM and SRS scales — for acute renal injury. POSPOM and NZRISK scales showed an excellent prognostic value in relation to the risk of postoperative delirium.