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Introduction. The bones of the human and animal have a unique ability to remodel. The ability to constantly renew bone tissue determines the healing of fractures and the adaptation of bones to mechanical loads. However, the process of bone self-healing is effective only for defects of non-critical size. In segmental and critical defects, endogenous stimulation of bone tissue regeneration is required. In this regard, there remains a need to design osteoplastic biomaterials with improved pro-regenerative action. Every year, new data appear that expand our understanding of the methods and mechanisms for stimulating bone tissue restoration using artificial osteoplastic materials. Aim. Characteristics of modern methods of constructing biomimetic materials from organic and mineral components of bone matrix. Materials and methods. The literature review was conducted using the PubMed and ScienceDirect databases. Query dates — may–july 2024, query depth — 1965–2024. Main content of the review. Effective use of bone polymers for the creation of biomimetic osteoplastic materials is possible only with an understanding of the principles of molecular-cellular interaction of biopolymers with bone cells and tissues. By now, it has been established that the ability of collagen to influence the functional activity of cells involved in the reparative regeneration of bone tissue is due to the presence of special patterns in its structure - binding sites with cellular receptors, which are formed by a specific sequence of amino acids in the collagen polypeptide chain. In the case of inorganic bone material, the functionally significant elements are the chemical composition and crystal structure of calcium phosphate salts. A current trend in the design of osteoplastic materials is to impart biomimetic properties to them. At the molecular level, this approach is implemented using as intrafibrillar and extrafibrillar mineralization of collagen fibrils. At the tissue and organ level, biomimicry is achieved through the use of three-dimensional bioprinting technologies. Conclusion. Thus, thanks to advances in biology, physics, chemistry and engineering sciences, it was possible to develop new technologies for designing osteoplastic materials that imitate the structure and function of native bone tissue. The use of biomaterials created using biomimetics principles increases the efficiency of bone tissue damage restoration.

INTRODUCTION. Breast Cancer-Related Lymphedema (BCRL) is the most common complication after radical treatment of breast cancer (BC). Currently, there are no molecular therapeutic targets whose pharmacologic action could prevent edema, making it necessary to study the efficacy of non-pharmacologic techniques. AIM. To study the effectiveness of non-medication technologies in BCRL to develop recommendations for practical application based on the analysis of systematic reviews and meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials (RCTs). MATERIALS AND METHODS. The search was conducted in the Physiotherapy Evidence-Based Database (PEDro, 2002–2024) using the keywords: “lymphedema”, “upper limbs”, “breast cancer”. A total of 203 sources were selected as of March 2024. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION. Numerous studies have found that the use of early postoperative physical exercise with a gradual expansion of the load in patients at risk of developing BCRL is a safe and effective method of rehabilitation. The effectiveness of early preventive use of manual lymphatic drainage (MLD) in 4 RCTs was studied in a Cochrane review. However, the clinical effectiveness of early prophylactic use of MLD to prevent BCRL remains insufficiently proven. In contrast, prophylactic use of compression sleeves has been shown to reduce and delay the onset of arm lymphedema in women at high risk of developing BCRL during the first year after breast cancer surgery. Studies have also confirmed the effectiveness of an early Prospective Surveillance Model using bioimpedance spectroscopy for early detection and immediate treatment of BCRL. It has been proven that in order to reduce the volume of a limb with BCRL, it is necessary to prescribe an intensive phase of complex decongestive therapy (CDT) for at least 3 weeks. Studies have also proven the effectiveness of using a standard or improved intermittent pneumatic compression device in the rehabilitation phases, including at home. CONCLUSION. To reduce the risk of development and progression of BCRL, modern exercise therapy techniques should be used to increase physical activity in order to control body weight, and educational techniques for self-massage and self-application of compression bandages should be actively used. The “golden” standard for conservative treatment of BCRL remains CDT, which is based on MLD. At the same time, the wider use and development of new methods of hardware lymphatic drainage that imitate MLD, which is a highly resourceful and costly method of treatment for BCRL, is justified. To confirm the clinical effectiveness of improved hardware pneumocompression, additional RCTs assessing long-term treatment results are required.