7 results on '"Evelyn B. Parr"'
Search Results
2. Combined effects of exercise and different levels of acute hypoxic severity: A randomized crossover study on glucose regulation in adults with overweight
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Chris Chow Li Tee, Evelyn B. Parr, Matthew B. Cooke, Mee Chee Chong, Nurhamizah Rahmat, Mohd Rizal Md Razali, Wee Kian Yeo, and Donny M. Camera
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hypoxia ,low-intensity exercise ,exerkines ,apelin ,FGF-21 ,Physiology ,QP1-981 - Abstract
Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of manipulating hypoxic severity with low-intensity exercise on glucose regulation in healthy overweight adults.Methods: In a randomized crossover design, 14 males with overweight (age: 27 ± 5 years; body mass index (BMI) 27.1 ± 1.8 kg⋅m2) completed three exercise trials involving 60 min aerobic exercise cycling at 90% lactate threshold in normoxia (NM, FiO2 = 20.9%), moderate hypoxia (MH, FiO2 = 16.5%) and high hypoxia (HH, FiO2 = 14.8%). A post-exercise oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was performed. Venous blood samples were analyzed for incremental area under the curve (iAUC), plasma glucose and insulin, as well as exerkine concentrations (plasma apelin and fibroblast growth factor 21 [FGF-21]) pre- and post-exercise. A 24-h continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) was used to determine interstitial glucose concentrations. Heart rate, oxygen saturation (SpO2) and perceptual measures were recorded during exercise.Results: Post-exercise OGTT iAUC for plasma glucose and insulin concentrations were lower in MH vs. control (p = 0.02). Post-exercise interstitial glucose iAUC, plasma apelin and FGF-21 were not different between conditions. Heart rate was higher in HH vs. NM and MH, and MH vs. NM (p < 0.001), while SpO2 was lower in HH vs. NM and MH, and MH vs. NM (p < 0.001). Overall perceived discomfort and leg discomfort were higher in HH vs. NM and MH (p < 0.05), while perceived breathing difficulty was higher in HH vs. NM only (p = 0.003).Conclusion: Compared to higher hypoxic conditions, performing acute aerobic-based exercise under moderate hypoxia provided a more effective stimulus for improving post-exercise glucose regulation while concomitantly preventing excessive physiological and perceptual stress in healthy overweight adults.
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- 2023
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3. 'I want to get myself as fit as I can and not die just yet' – Perceptions of exercise in people with advanced cancer and cachexia: a qualitative study
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Kelcey A. Bland, Meinir Krishnasamy, Evelyn B. Parr, Stella Mulder, Peter Martin, Luc J. C. van Loon, Prue Cormie, Natasha Michael, and Eva M. Zopf
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Advanced cancer ,Palliative care ,Cancer cachexia ,Exercise ,Physical activity ,Barriers ,Special situations and conditions ,RC952-1245 - Abstract
Abstract Cachexia is a prevalent muscle wasting syndrome among people with advanced cancer that profoundly impacts patient quality of life (QoL) and physical function. Exercise can improve QoL, physical function, and overall health in people with cancer and may be an important addition to treatment approaches for cancer cachexia. Greater understanding of patients’ perception of exercise can help elucidate the feasibility of implementing exercise interventions for cancer cachexia and facilitate the design of patient-centered interventions. We aimed to describe the perception of exercise in patients with advanced cancer and cachexia, and capture exercise motivators, barriers, and preferences, to inform the feasibility of exercise interventions. Individual interviews (n = 20) with patients with locally advanced or metastatic cancer with cachexia were conducted and analyzed using reflexive thematic analysis. Main themes from interviews were: 1) Life is disrupted by cancer and cachexia; 2) Exercise offers hope; 3) Exercise barriers are multifaceted; and 4) Exercise access and support are important. Participants reported that their cancer and cachexia had intensely altered their lives, including ability to exercise. Exercise was perceived as important and participants described a hope for exercise to improve their health and wellbeing. Yet, several complex exercise barriers, such as burdensome cancer symptoms and the overwhelming impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, hindered exercise participation and prevented participants from fully realizing the perceived benefits of exercise. Factors believed to improve exercise engagement and overcome exercise barriers included increased exercise support (e.g., professional supervision) and accessibility (e.g., convenient locations). Patient-reported exercise barriers and preferences can inform the design of exercise interventions, particularly within future research studies aiming to establish exercise feasibility and efficacy in people with advanced cancer and cachexia.
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- 2022
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4. Eight-hour time-restricted eating does not lower daily myofibrillar protein synthesis rates
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Evelyn B. Parr, Imre W. K. Kouw, Michael J. Wheeler, Bridget E. Radford, Rebecca C. Hall, Joan M. Senden, Joy P. B. Goessens, Luc J. C. van Loon, John A. Hawley, Humane Biologie, RS: NUTRIM - R3 - Respiratory & Age-related Health, Physiotherapy, Human Physiology and Anatomy, and Human Physiology and Sports Physiotherapy Research Group
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Male ,Adult ,Nutrition and Dietetics ,Endocrinology ,Muscle, Skeletal/metabolism ,Blood Glucose/metabolism ,Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism ,Blood Glucose Self-Monitoring ,Obesity/metabolism ,Medicine (miscellaneous) ,Humans ,Middle Aged ,diet - Abstract
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to assess the impact of time-restricted eating (TRE) on integrated skeletal muscle myofibrillar protein synthesis (MyoPS) rates in males with overweight/obesity.METHODS: A total of 18 healthy males (age 46 ± 5 years; BMI: 30 ± 2 kg/m2 ) completed this exploratory, parallel, randomized dietary intervention after a 3-day lead-in diet. Participants then consumed an isoenergetic diet (protein: ~1.0 g/kg body mass per day) following either TRE (10:00 a.m. to 6:00 p.m.) or an extended eating control (CON; 8:00 a.m. to 8:00 p.m.) protocol for 10 days. Integrated MyoPS rates were measured using deuterated water administration with repeated saliva, blood, and muscle sampling. Secondary measures included continuous glucose monitoring and body composition (dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry).RESULTS: There were no differences in daily integrated MyoPS rates (TRE: 1.28% ± 0.18% per day, CON: 1.26% ± 0.22% per day; p = 0.82) between groups. From continuous glucose monitoring, 24-hour total area under the curve was reduced following TRE (-578 ± 271 vs. CON: 12 ± 272 mmol/L × 24 hours; p = 0.001). Total body mass declined (TRE: -1.6 ± 0.9 and CON: -1.1 ± 0.7 kg; p CONCLUSION: Consuming food within an 8-hour time-restricted period does not lower daily MyoPS rates when compared with an isoenergetic diet consumed over 12 hours. Future research should investigate whether these results translate to free-living TRE.
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- 2023
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5. Cardiometabolic health impacts of time-restricted eating: implications for type 2 diabetes, cancer and cardiovascular diseases
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Amy A. Kirkham, Evelyn B. Parr, and Amber S. Kleckner
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circadian rhythm ,Nutrition and Dietetics ,Medicine (miscellaneous) ,heart disease ,Fasting ,Eating ,nutrition ,Glucose ,behavioural intervention ,Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ,Cardiovascular Diseases ,Neoplasms ,oncology ,Chronic Disease ,Quality of Life ,Humans - Abstract
Purpose of review Time-restricted eating (TRE) entails consuming energy intake within a 4- to 10-h window, with the remaining time spent fasting. Although studies have reported health benefits from TRE, little is known about the impact of TRE on common chronic diseases such as type 2 diabetes, cancer and cardiovascular disease. This review summarizes and critically evaluates the most recent TRE research findings relevant to managing and treating these chronic diseases. Recent findings Most recent TRE studies have been in populations with overweight/obesity or metabolic syndrome; two have been in populations with diabetes, three in cancer survivors and none in populations with cardiovascular disease. Collectively, these studies showed that participants could adhere to TRE and TRE is well tolerated. These studies also showed preliminary efficacy for improved glucose regulation and insulin sensitivity, a reduction in body fat and blood pressure, reduced cardiovascular risk scores and increased quality of life. More research is required to define the most effective TRE protocol (i.e. length and timing of eating window, intervention duration). Summary TRE has demonstrated benefits on cardiovascular, metabolic and clinical outcomes relevant to the underlying pathophysiology, but there are limited data on TRE implemented specifically within populations with diabetes, cancer or cardiovascular disease.
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- 2022
6. High-Intensity Interval Training in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Two-Center, Three-Armed Randomized Controlled Trial
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Ida A, Kiel, Sofie, Lionett, Evelyn B, Parr, Helen, Jones, Maria A H, Røset, Øyvind, Salvesen, John A, Hawley, Eszter, Vanky, and Trine, Moholdt
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Treatment Outcome ,Pregnancy ,Humans ,Female ,High-Intensity Interval Training ,Menstrual Cycle ,Polycystic Ovary Syndrome - Abstract
Exercise training is recommended to improve cardiometabolic health and fertility in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), yet there are few randomized controlled trials on the effects of different exercise protocols on clinical reproductive outcomes. Our aim was to determine the effect of high-intensity interval training (HIT) on menstrual frequency, as a proxy of reproductive function, in women with PCOS.The IMPROV-IT study was a two-center randomized controlled trial undertaken in Norway and Australia. Women with PCOS were eligible for inclusion. After stratification for body mass index27 or ≥27 kg·m-2 and study center, participants were randomly allocated (1:1:1) to high-volume HIT (HV-HIT), low-volume HIT (LV-HIT), or a control group. Measurements were assessed at baseline, after the 16-wk exercise intervention, and at 12-month follow-up. The primary outcome was menstrual frequency after 12 months. Secondary outcomes included markers of cardiometabolic and reproductive health, quality of life, and adherence to and enjoyment of HIT.We randomly allocated 64 participants to the HV-HIT (n = 20), LV-HIT (n = 21), or control group (n = 23). There were no differences in menstrual frequency at 12 months between the LV-HIT and control groups (frequency ratio, 1.02; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.73-1.42), the HV-HIT and control groups (frequency ratio, 0.93; 95% CI, 0.67-1.29), or the LV-HIT and HV-HIT groups (frequency ratio, 1.09; 95% CI, 0.77-1.56). Menstrual frequency increased in all groups from baseline to 12 months. More participants became pregnant in the LV-HIT group (n = 5) than in the control group (n = 0, P = 0.02).A semisupervised HIT intervention did not increase menstrual frequency in women with PCOS.Clinical Trial Registration Number:ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT02419482).
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- 2022
7. Time-restricted eating improves measures of daily glycaemic control in people with type 2 diabetes
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Evelyn B. Parr, Nikolai Steventon-Lorenzen, Richard Johnston, Nirav Maniar, Brooke L. Devlin, Karen H.C. Lim, and John A. Hawley
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Endocrinology ,Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism ,Internal Medicine ,General Medicine - Published
- 2023
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