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يخلتف إختيار أنواع ممرات الدراجات حسب الخصائص العمرانية والتخطيطية للمناطق الحضرية، إضافة إلى خصائص المرور والحرکة للشوارع بإختلاف سرعاتها وعروضها، لکن تظل أهداف تصميم ممرات الدراجات کوسيلة للتنقل الآمن والمريح بين وسائل النقل الآلية فضلاً عن أهداف سهولة الوصول هي المحرک الأساسي لإختيار أنواع تلک الممرات. لکن على الصعيد الآخر تکون هذه الحواجز هي إحدى مکونات تنسيق الشارع والتي تخدم وتؤثر في البيئة وفي الشکل النهائي للشوارع، وعلى حسب إختيار نوع الحاجز يحدث التغييرالذي بدوره يؤثر في نتائج معدلات جودة الحياة في هذا المکان، والذي تظهر نتيجته في هذا البحث إلى أنه من الصعب تحقيق ممرات دراجات آمنه ومريحه بدون حواجز مناسبة لحاجة راکبي الدراجات في سهولة التنقل من مکان إلى آخر. تتضح إشکالية البحث في تأثير الشوارع حسب وظيفتها على إختيار حواجز حماية ممرات الدراجات کعنصر من عناصر تنسيق الشارع بما يضمن إستدامتها و نجاح المنظومة في تحقيق أهدافها. وقد إستخدم البحث مجموعة من المناهج المختلفة تباعاً لطبيعة کل جزء من البحث، فقد إستخدم المنهج الإستنتاجي لدراسة الخلفية النظرية في حين تم إستخدام المنهج التحليلي لدراسة التجارب المدرجة في البحث، وفي النهاية الوصول إلى إطار تطبيقي يساعد في الوصول إلى ممرات دراجات آمنه ومريحة مع ربطها بأهم الإجراءات والسياسات الخاصة بدعم التکامل بين وسائل الإنتقال الفردية (non-motorized) مع مبادئ تصميم الشوارع. Safety and comfort are considered as the most important elements for the success of bike-lanes and are achieved by applying the streetscape elements, which in turn enhances the function of the bike-lane and supports its movement, bike-lanes always need protection on various types of roads speed and width to be safe and comfortable, and encouraging their use and protection. Egypt tendency to encourage environmental-friendly transportation means in several places where cultures and executive conditions differed, so the research attempts to study forms of bike-lanes protection and their suitability for streets and reconcile this matrix in a manner that depends on several factors such as road widths, speed, traffic intensity, main road function, land use & the user's awareness and the culture, which are important factors for choosing the appropriate form of protection and the execution method In addition to studying one of the developing projects of bike-lanes in an Egyptian city and trying to read those elements in the urban fabric in which the bike-lanes was implemented exploring the most important results for the bikes protecting means and their inclusion with the urban environment and its impact on the success or failure of this new transportation system.

Background Acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB) is a common medical emergency presented to the emergency department that requires early assessment and management. Many risk stratification scores have been developed to predict the clinical outcomes in patients with UGIB. The commonly used risk scores the Rockall scoring systems (PRS and FRS), Glasgow--Blatchford score (GBS) and AIMS65 score. Aim The aim of the present study was to assess and compare the ability of the wildly used risk scores the RS, GBS, and AIMS65 to predict the clinical outcomes in UGIB patients Patients and methods One hundred patients (age >18 years) with acute UGIB in the emergency department of Alexandria Main University Hospital were prospectively studied. All the study scores were calculated and compared using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) method to evaluate the performance of each score to predict the mortality, blood transfusion, endoscopic intervention, ICU admission, rebleeding, and length of hospital stay. Results Among the one hundred patients included in the study, 65% were males with a median of age 58 years. 56% had esophageal varices and 63% with liver disease. All the used scores were statistically significant in predicting all clinical outcomes. GBS had the best AUC among the AIMS65, PRS, and FRS scores in predicting mortality with (AUC= 0.80 vs. 0.76, 0.69), blood transfusion need with (AUC= 0.92 vs. 0.88, 0.87), ICU admission with (AUC= 0.86 vs. 0.83, 0.81), rebleeding with (AUC= 0.81 vs. 0.77, 0.69), and length of hospital stay with (AUC= 0.81 vs. 0.75. 0.79). Conclusion All the study scores (GBS, AIMS65, PRS, and FRS) were able to predict the clinical outcomes in the UGIB patients. GBS was the best performing risk score among the four scores for predicting all the clinical outcomes (mortality, blood transfusion, rebleeding, ICU admission, and length of hospital stay) except the prediction of endoscopic intervention in our study population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Lower body contouring after massive weight loss exhibits a great challenge for the plastic surgeon. Aim of the work: is to assess surgical outcomes of lower body contouring after massive weight loss. Methods: This prospective cohort study was conducted at Plastic Surgery Unit, General Surgery Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University Hospitals on ten patients who underwent lower body contouring after massive weight loss. Full medical assessment, scar placement and meticulous marking, surgical procedure and post-operative care. Results: The mean of patient satisfaction on a scale from zero to 10 was 9 ± 1.26, most of operated cases had no complications (70 %), and there was significant positive correlation between lipoaspirate amount and hospital stay. Conclusions: Lower body contouring is an extremely effective procedure to restore body contour in post bariatric patients. Careful preoperative marking, team work and few surgical tips are the keys for a procedure that is both satisfactory for the surgeon and safe for the patient. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]