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Copyright of Electric Power Automation Equipment / Dianli Zidonghua Shebei is the property of Electric Power Automation Equipment Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The strategy of integrated deterrence is a repackaged version of Cold War strategies. The integration of assets to deter adversaries was part of both the Eisenhower and Kennedy administrations' overarching strategies that forced the military services to change their operating concepts, capabilities, and doctrine simultaneously. The US Army is an example of how national strategy forces organizational changes. This article assesses how the Eisenhower and Kennedy administrations forced institutional change while considering the significance of integrating deterrence. These examples will assist US military and policy practitioners with adapting their organizations to existing national defense strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Scholars focused on NATO nuclear strategy during the Cold War have devoted little attention to the dynamics of how the Alliance would decide to use nuclear weapons. This article aims to fill this gap by examining the internal debates about how a nuclear use decision would be taken, particularly balancing the desire to ensure adequate consultation of the non-nuclear members without undermining the credibility of NATO's nuclear deterrent by giving them a veto. To avoid undermining Alliance cohesion, the nuclear use decision process was kept deliberately vague, despite the problems that would almost certainly have arisen in a war. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

About two decades after the signing of the Washington Treaty, through which the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) came into being, the reference strategic framework for the efforts to ensure the security and defence of member states has undergone substantial transformations. These were reflected in the adoption, at the end of 1967, of a new Strategic Concept, which had as its main element the development of the potential for crisis response on coordinates of flexibility, through the superior exploitation of NATO's potential. The implementation of this approach overlapped with a series of events having a profound impact on the security equation during the Cold War. One of the implementation formulas for Flexible Response Strategy would be applied in NATO's defence system including the development of innovative instruments and procedures. It focused both on the aspects of supporting allied forces and on strengthening the level of interoperability between them in order to meet higher requirements. The creation of an intensive training program (REFORGER), simultaneously with the expansion of the support potential through the prepositioning of equipment (POMCUS) are steps that have contributed to the maturation of the NATO planning process. For the entire duration of the Cold War, these instruments have been constantly used and improved, with beneficial effects in terms of strengthening political and military cohesion between Member States, while providing more coherence in ensuring an effective deterrence posture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this new round of power network development, the concept of coordinated and optimized operation of power network interconnection and smart grid "source network load" has gradually attracted attention. Based on the analysis of the impact of the flexible DC distribution network on the complex energy system with multiple data sources and large data volume under the big data platform, the coordinated dispatching of the source and load of the big data flexible DC distribution network is studied. Therefore, a source-load matching index that can evaluate the impact of different types of loads on the stability of the flexible DC grid is constructed and incorporated into the load recovery optimization model. First, use the scene reduction method to process all generated scenes; next, take the reduction technology and the scene generation method into account of the uncertainty caused by the prediction error and incorporate them into the multi-objective function optimization model; finally, the membership function of fuzzy numbers is used to model uncertainty. So as to construct a load recovery model that can coordinate the load recovery amount, importance and system dynamic response. The actual meaning of the matching index is explained through model solving and actual case analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]