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Despite the presence of this erythema and although the lesions did not respond to treatment, all patients continued with their dupilumab treatment with spontaneous remission of erythema within two to three months. 1 and Table 1) with severe AD treated with dupilumab and with paradoxical head and neck erythema that appeared 8-20 weeks after the start of biological treatment while eczema on other body parts had greatly improved. Dear Editor, Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory dermatological disease with multifactorial etiology. [Extracted from the article]

The article aims to provide a perspective on economic growth by relying on the influence and use of the stock market as an economic lever. Two methods will be used: a quantitative one, determined by a multiple linear regression model, and a qualitative one that encumbers a sustainable vector model for generating economic growth. The data panel covers 36 states, for a period of 21 years. The paper manages to identify the main control functions that the stock exchange has over the macroeconomic context, through the quantitative and qualitative method, and to highlight the most important positive and negative attributes of using qualitative methods, in contrast to quantitative ones. The results show a predominant probabilistic characteristic of quantitative methods, in contrast to the flexibility and complexity of the qualitative method, which has been used. Additionally, the quantitative method offers a strictly cartesian perspective for determining future scenarios, while the sustainable vector model, based on a fractalized vision of reality, manages to capture a plurality of perspectives, as well as the interrelationships between the determining parameters, thus being a complex system of simple equations, as opposed to the quantitative method which is defined as a simple system of complex equations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Sleep disturbances are common in patients with atopic dermatitis (AD). Considering their relevant burden on health, routine screening of sleep disturbances seems to be very useful in AD adults' management. However, few studies have evaluated the association between sleep disturbances and AD in adults, and real-life data are lacking. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of treatment with dupilumab on sleep disturbances in adult patients with severe atopic dermatitis., Methods: This is a retrospective, multicenter study including patients (age ≥18 y) with severe atopic dermatitis treated with dupilumab for at least 8 months from January 2019 to January 2020. Patients were evaluated three times: at treatment initiation (T0), at 4 (T4) and 8 months (T8) from the start of treatment. At each visit disease activity was assessed by severity score (Eczema Area and Severity Index [EASI]), patient-reported outcomes (Pruritus Numerical Rating Scale [NRS], Dermatology Life Quality Index [DLQI], and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index [PSQI]). Kolmogorov-Smirnov Test was performed to evaluate the normality distribution, Bartlett's Test for homoscedasticity. Since the assumptions were met, ANOVA for repeated measures was performed to evaluate the mean difference of PSQI, EASI, DLQI and pruritus NRS between baseline, the 4 th month and the 8 th month. In addition, χ 2 for Trend Test was performed to evaluate the increasing/decreasing prevalence of poor sleepers., Results: A total of 36 patients (15 females and 21 males) with a mean age of 42.5±14.3 (range 20-67) were included in the study. The mean score for PSQI at TO was 9.0±3.6. At week 16 (T4) the mean score for PSQI was 4.92±2.99 and at week 32 (T8), the mean score for PSQI was 4.3±3.0. EASI, NRS pruritus and DLQI significantly improved during follow-up (P<0.001) whereas PSQI improved significantly at 16 weeks (T4); however, no significant further improvement was observed at 32 weeks. Of the 31 patients (86%) with baseline PSQI≥5, 17 (54%) experienced sleep quality improvement during treatment. Overall, we observed a total of 22 patients (61.1%) having a PSQI<5 at 32 weeks., Conclusions: Our data show effectiveness of dupilumab in improving sleep disturbances in adult patients with severe AD. However, further studies are required to understand if PSQI could serve as useful evaluating tool.