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Osteochondral lesions of the talus (OLT) represent an abnormality of the articular cartilage and sub-chondral bone. The abnormality is typically associated with trauma though the exact aetiology remains unknown. Multiple staging systems have been developed to classify the abnormality and management can vary from conservative treatment to different surgical options. Early diagnosis is essential for optimal outcome and all imaging modalities have a role to play in patient management. The aim of this article is to review the pathology, classification, multimodality imaging appearances of OLT, and how the imaging affects patient management., (© The Author(s) 2024. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the British Institute of Radiology. All rights reserved. For permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oup.com.)

The sinus tarsi is a funnel-shaped region at the junction of mid-foot and hind-foot which contains fat, vessels, nerves and ligaments. The ligaments help stabilise the subtalar joint and maintain the longitudinal arch of the foot. The nerve endings contain proprioceptive fibres indicating a role for the sinus tarsi in movement of the foot. Sinus tarsi syndrome is a clinical entity characterised by lateral hind-foot pain with worsening on palpation and weight-bearing, and perceived instability. It is associated with both traumatic and non-traumatic causes. Magnetic resonance imaging is the imaging modality of choice for assessment of the sinus tarsi and sinus tarsi syndrome. In this review article, we review the anatomy and various aetiologies of sinus tarsi syndrome, along with the imaging appearances., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Crown Copyright © 2023. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)

Talonavicular arthrodesis is associated with a rate of non-union that ranges from 3 % to 37 %. Various fixation devices have been reported for talonavicular arthrodesis including screws, staples, plates, K-wires and intraosseous fix systems, however there is no definitive gold standard. This systematic review aims to compare clinical outcomes between different fixation devices for talonavicular arthrodesis., Methods: MEDLINE, EMBASE, CENTRAL and Google Scholar were reviewed for studies reporting on outcomes of different fixation techniques for talonavicular arthrodesis indicated for osteoarthritis, inflammatory and post-traumatic arthritis from 1946 to 2021. The primary outcome measure was union rate. Secondary outcome measures included functional improvement, cost, quality of life and patient satisfaction., Results: 9 articles involving 141 cases of talonavicular arthrodesis were identified. Fusion rates were as follows: screw fixation (n = 75): 87.5 % to 100 %, staple fixation (n = 13): 100 %, intraosseous fix system (n = 16): 100 %, and K-wire fixation (n = 2): 100 %. One study utilised a dorsal locking plate with two supplemented compression screws (n = 9, fusion rate= 100 %) and two studies used a combination of screws with staples (n = 26, fusion rate= 96 %). 7 of 9 studies measured functional outcomes and pain relief with improvement demonstrated in all fixation techniques. Quality of life, satisfaction and cost were inadequately reported amongst the included studies. All studies were rated as serious risk of bias., Conclusion: This systematic review consolidates the evidence for outcomes of different fixation techniques for TN arthrodesis, however a definitive judgement regarding the best fixation technique is unobtainable from current clinical evidence, due to lack of high-quality studies. With review of biomechanical studies and the limited clinical data, fixation with plate plus screw is most promising and would warrant further comparative study., Level of Evidence: IV., Competing Interests: Conflict of Interest Statement Conflicts of Interest Statement, (Crown Copyright © 2023. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)