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Noniatrogenically acquired foreign bodies in the nipple-areola complex or breast skin are rare and can have variable imaging features, depending on the nature of the foreign material. We present the case of a 41-year-old female who had numerous apparent round and punctate calcifications in the right periareolar breast, predominantly within the skin. The biopsy showed multiple glass shards on a background of scar tissue. Further discussion with the patient confirmed that the glass shards were acquired during a motor vehicle accident several years earlier. We also review the types of foreign body material observed in the breast, the imaging appearance of glass foreign bodies in soft tissue, and methods of removal.

Summary: Background: Approximately 20% of adults in Vietnam have hypertension, and management of this chronic condition remains challenging. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of a multicomponent intervention in reducing blood pressure (BP) in adults with uncontrolled hypertension. Methods: This cluster randomised controlled trial was conducted in sixteen communities (8 intervention and 8 comparison) in a rural setting in Vietnam (2017–2022). Consenting adults (aged ≥ 18 years) with uncontrolled hypertension were enrolled. Sixteen communities were equally randomised to an intervention or comparison group stratified by district. Consenting adults were assigned to study groups by community. The comparison arm received training sessions about hypertension prevention and management for health workers, and patient education materials. The intervention arm received training sessions about hypertension prevention and management for health workers, and patient education materials and three enhancement components including a storytelling intervention, home BP self-monitoring, and expanded community health worker services. The primary outcome was the difference in changes in patient's levels of systolic BP between the study groups over a 12-month follow-up period. Patients and outcome assessors were masked. Findings: A total of 671 patients (340: intervention, 331: comparison) were enrolled in the trial. The mean age was 66 years and 45% were men. At the 12-month follow-up, the mean systolic BP declined by 18.4 mmHg in the intervention group and 3.7 mmHg in the comparison group (differential decline of 14.7 mmHg [95% CI: 11.8–17.6]). The intervention group also achieved better BP control and medication adherence than the comparison group. There were no serious adverse events related to study participation. Interpretation: The results of this trial demonstrate that a multicomponent intervention can effectively reduce elevated BP in individuals with uncontrolled hypertension in Vietnam. Trial registration: This trial was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03590691. Funding: National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute.

PURPOSEGut microbiota play an important role in human health, including cancer. Cancer and its treatment, in turn, may alter the gut microbiome. To understand this complex relationship, we profiled the gut microbiome of 356 Vietnamese patients with breast cancer.MATERIALS AND METHODSStool samples were collected before chemotherapy, with 162 pre- and 194 postsurgery. The gut microbiome was measured by shotgun metagenomic sequencing. Associations of gut microbial diversity, taxa abundance, and gut microbiome health index (GMHI) with sociodemographic, clinical factors, and tumor characteristics were evaluated.RESULTSPostsurgery samples were associated with significantly lower α- and β-diversities (P < .001) and showed significant differences in the abundance of 15% of 2,864 investigated taxa (false discovery rate [FDR]

Legal ontologies play a key role in various legal applications and have been broadly used by many stakeholders. Innovative systems and ontologies in the law hold potential to conduct legal research. With the needs for legal information management in smart applications, especially for Vietnamese law, it is vitally important to construct core legal ontologies for knowledge representation. This study proposes a core ontology for Vietnamese legal documents which covers general legal domain called as ViLO. The ViLO ontology mainly consists of related institutions of Vietnamese political system, types and structures of legal documents. The method of the NeOn-based collaborations among domain experts and ontology engineers was conducted to build up the ViLO ontology. Through FOCA-based validation results, the proposed method was shown to be effective and efficient. The resulting ontology was demonstrated to be reliable and enriched. The ViLO ontology is supposed to be a basis for further constructions of domain ontologies and artificial intelligence applications in Vietnamese law.

Abstract Recent advancements in stem cell technology open a new door for patients suffering from diseases and disorders that have yet to be treated. Stem cell-based therapy, including human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) and multipotent mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), has recently emerged as a key player in regenerative medicine. hPSCs are defined as self-renewable cell types conferring the ability to differentiate into various cellular phenotypes of the human body, including three germ layers. MSCs are multipotent progenitor cells possessing self-renewal ability (limited in vitro) and differentiation potential into mesenchymal lineages, according to the International Society for Cell and Gene Therapy (ISCT). This review provides an update on recent clinical applications using either hPSCs or MSCs derived from bone marrow (BM), adipose tissue (AT), or the umbilical cord (UC) for the treatment of human diseases, including neurological disorders, pulmonary dysfunctions, metabolic/endocrine-related diseases, reproductive disorders, skin burns, and cardiovascular conditions. Moreover, we discuss our own clinical trial experiences on targeted therapies using MSCs in a clinical setting, and we propose and discuss the MSC tissue origin concept and how MSC origin may contribute to the role of MSCs in downstream applications, with the ultimate objective of facilitating translational research in regenerative medicine into clinical applications. The mechanisms discussed here support the proposed hypothesis that BM-MSCs are potentially good candidates for brain and spinal cord injury treatment, AT-MSCs are potentially good candidates for reproductive disorder treatment and skin regeneration, and UC-MSCs are potentially good candidates for pulmonary disease and acute respiratory distress syndrome treatment.

Neurodevelopmental psychopathology seeks to understand higher-order emotion regulation circuitry to develop new therapies for adolescents with depression. Depressed (N = 34) and healthy youth (N = 19) completed neurofeedback (NF) training and exhibited increased bilateral amygdala and hippocampus activity in the region of interest (ROI) analyses by recalling positive autobiographical memories. We tested factors supportive of the engagement of emotion regulation’s neural areas during NF (i.e., parental support, medication, and gender effects upon anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) engagement). Whole-brain analyses yielded effects of NF vs. control condition and effects of diagnosis. Youth showed higher amygdala and hippocampus (AMYHIPPO) activity during the NF vs. control condition, particularly in the left hippocampus. ACC’s activity was also higher during NF vs. control. Higher average ACC activity was linked to better parental support, absent depression, female gender, and absent medication. Control youth showed higher average AMYHIPPO and ACC activity throughout the task and a faster decline in activity vs. depressed youths. Whole-brain level analyses showed higher activity in the frontotemporal network during the NF vs. control conditions, suggesting targeting their connectivity in future neurofeedback trials.