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Objectives The goal of this case report is to detail experiences and challenges experienced in the training of Primary Care residents in secondary analysis using All of Us Researcher Workbench. At our large, urban safety net hospital, Primary Care/Internal Medicine residents in their third year undergo a research intensive block, the Research Practicum, where they work as a team to conduct secondary data analysis on a dataset with faculty facilitation. In 2023, this research block focused on use of the All of Us Researcher Workbench for secondary data analysis. Materials and Methods Two groups of 5 residents underwent training to access the All of Us Researcher Workbench, and each group explored available data with a faculty facilitator and generated original research questions. Two blocks of residents successfully completed their research blocks and created original presentations on "social isolation and A1C" levels and "medical discrimination and diabetes management." Results Departmental faculty were satisfied with the depth of learning and data exploration. In focus groups, some residents noted that for those without interest in performing research, the activity felt extraneous to their career goals, while others were glad for the opportunity to publish. In both blocks, residents highlighted dissatisfaction with the degree to which the All of Us Researcher Workbench was representative of patients they encounter in a large safety net hospital. Discussion Using the All of Us Researcher Workbench provided residents with an opportunity to explore novel questions in a massive data source. Many residents however noted that because the population described in the All of Us Researcher Workbench appeared to be more highly educated and less racially diverse than patients they encounter in their practice, research may be hard to generalize in a community health context. Additionally, given that the data required knowledge of 1 of 2 code-based data analysis languages (R or Python) and work within an idiosyncratic coding environment, residents were heavily reliant on a faculty facilitator to assist with analysis. Conclusion Using the All of Us Researcher Workbench for research training allowed residents to explore novel questions and gain first-hand exposure to opportunities and challenges in secondary data analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

One of the most common mitigations against network-borne security threats is the deployment of firewalls, i.e., systems that can observe traffic and apply rules to let it through if it is benign or drop packets that are recognized as malicious. Cheap and open-source (a feature that is greatly appreciated in the security world) software solutions are available but may be too slow for high-rate channels. Hardware appliances are efficient but opaque and they are often very expensive. In this paper, an open-hardware approach is proposed for the design of a firewall, implemented on off-the-shelf components such as an FPGA (the Xilinx KC705 development board), and it is tested using controlled Ethernet traffic created with a packet generator as well as with real internet traffic. The proposed system can filter packets based on a set of rules that can use the whitelist or blacklist approach. It generates a set of statistics, such as the number of received/transmitted packets and the amount of received/transmitted data, which can be used to detect potential anomalies in the network traffic. The firewall has been experimentally validated in the case of a network data throughput of 1 Gb/s, and preliminary simulations have shown that the system can be upgraded with minor modifications to work at 10 Gb/s. Test results have shown that the proposed firewall features a latency of 627 ns and a maximum data throughput of 0.982 Gb/s. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: High potency synthetic opioids like fentanyl have continued to replace or contaminate the supply of illicit drugs in North America, with fentanyl test strips (FTSs) often used as a harm reduction tool for overdose prevention. The available evidence to support FTS for harm reduction has yet to be summarized. Methods: A search of PubMed, Ovid Embase, and Web of Science was conducted in March 2023. A 2-stage review was conducted to screen by title and abstract and then by full text by 2 reviewers. Data were extracted from each study using a standardized template. Results: A total of 91 articles were included, mostly from North America, predominantly reporting on FTS along with other harm reduction tools, and all conducted after 2016. No randomized controlled trials are reported. Robust evidence exists supporting the sensitivity and specificity of FTS, along with their acceptability and feasibility of use for people who use drugs and as a public health intervention. However, limited research is available on the efficacy of FTS as a harm reduction tool for behavior change, engagement in care, or overdose prevention. Conclusions: Though FTSs are highly sensitive and specific for point of care testing, further research is needed to assess the association of FTS use with overdose prevention. Differences in FTS efficacy likely exist between people who use opioids and nonopioid drugs, with additional investigation strongly needed. As drug testing with point-of-care immunoassays is embraced for nonfentanyl contaminants such as xylazine and benzodiazepines, increased investment in examining overdose prevention is necessary. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Web applications and online business transactions have grown tremendously in recent years. As a result, cyberattacks have become a major threat to the digital services that are essential for our society. To minimize the risks of cyberattacks, many countermeasures are deployed on computing nodes and network devices. One such countermeasure is the firewall, which is designed with two main architectural approaches: software running on standard or embedded computers, or hardware specially designed for the purpose, such as (Application Specific Integrated Circuits) ASICs. Software-based firewalls offer high flexibility and can be easily ported to upgradable hardware, but they cannot handle high data rates. On the other hand, hardware-based firewalls can process data at very high speeds, but are expensive and difficult to update, resulting in a short lifespan. To address these issues, we explored the use of an (Field-Programmable Gate Array) FPGA architecture, which offers low latency and high-throughput characteristics along with easy upgradability, making it a more balanced alternative to other programmable systems, like (Graphics Processor Unit) GPUs or microcontrollers. In this paper, we presented a packet sniffer designed on the FPGA development board KC705 produced by Xilinx, which can analyze Ethernet frames, check the frame fields against a set of user-defined rules, and calculate statistics of the received Ethernet frames over time. The system has a data transfer rate of 1 Gbit/s (with preliminary results of increased data rates to 10 Gbit/s) and has been successfully tested with both ad hoc-generated Ethernet frames and real web traffic by connecting the packet sniffer to the internet. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article analyses the articles written by don Carlo Nardi in the years 2006-2008 in the column Voci antiche, in the inter-parish paper Lettera settimanale ai parrocchiani, and it aims to identify the objectives, the stylistic-expressive strategies and the main themes dealt with in his work of divulgation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

NGC 4382 is a merger-remnant galaxy that has been classified as morphological type E2, S0, and even Sa. In this work, we performed a photometric and spectroscopic analysis of the globular cluster (GC) system of this peculiar galaxy in order to provide additional information about its history. We used a combination of photometric data in different filters, and multiobject and long-slit spectroscopic data obtained using the Gemini/GMOS instrument. The photometric analysis of the GC system, using the Gaussian Mixture Model algorithm in the colour plane, reveals a complex colour distribution within R gal < 5 arcmin (26.1 kpc), showing four different groups: the typical blue and red subpopulations, a group with intermediate colours, and the fourth group towards even redder colours. From the spectroscopic analysis of 47 GCs, confirmed members of NGC 4382 based on radial velocities, we verified 3 of the 4 photometric groups from the analysis of their stellar populations using the ULySS code. NGC 4382 presents the classic blue (10.4 ± 2.8 Gyr, [Fe/H] = −1.48 ± 0.18 dex), and red (12.1 ± 2.3 Gyr, [Fe/H] = −0.64 ± 0.26 dex) GCs formed earlier in the lifetime of the galaxy, and a third group of young GCs (2.2 ± 0.9 Gyr; [Fe/H] = −0.05 ± 0.28 dex). Finally, analysis of long-slit data of the galaxy reveals a luminosity-weighted mean age for the stellar population of ∼2.7 Gyr, and an increasing metallicity from [Fe/H] = −0.1 to +0.2 dex in R gal < 10 arcsec (0.87 kpc). These values, and other morphological signatures in the galaxy, are in good agreement with the younger group of GCs, indicating a common origin as a result of a recent merger. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]