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In this paper, a new linear array configuration inspired by the two-level Nested Array concept has been proposed. The proposed geometry comprises of two Uniform Linear Arrays (ULAs) with different spacings and an additional element, this geometry results in a hole-free Difference Co-Array (DCA). In comparison to most of the existing sparse array configurations, the proposed geometry has simple closed-form expressions for the element positions and Degrees of Freedom (DoFs), also providing consecutive DoFs hence, avoiding the need for spatial interpolation. Spatially Smoothed MUltiple SIgnal Classification (SS-MUSIC) algorithm has been deployed for Direction of Arrival (DOA) estimation. Numerical simulations using MATLAB are performed to exhibit the superior performance of the proposed geometry. Keywords: DOA estimation, Co-array Processing, Spatial Smoothing, Degrees of Freedom, Non-Uniform Linear Arrays

This paper focusses on recovering the degraded pattern in the event of failure of elements in a Smart Antenna System. A well-known optimisation algorithm namely: Levy Harmony Search (LHS) Algorithm is employed to optimise the excitations of the remaining ‘healthy’ elements to recover from the degradation caused due to the element failures. A 1×10 Microstrip Patch Antenna Array, working in the 5G frequency band 3.3-3.7 GHz, is designed to closely observe the effects of element failures, followed by the recovery of the pattern by modifying certain parameters. Algorithm considered is simulated using MATLAB and the results of the simulation are validated using HFSS.