755 results on '"Hong Fu"'
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2. Advanced Design of Soft Robots with Artificial Intelligence
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Ying Cao, Bingang Xu, Bin Li, and Hong Fu
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Soft robotic systems ,Artificial intelligence ,Design tactics ,Review and perspective ,Technology - Abstract
Highlights A comprehensive review focused on the whole systems of the soft robotics with artificial intelligence, which can feel, think, react and interact with humans, is presented. The design strategies concerning about various aspects of the soft robotics, like component materials, device structures, prepared technologies, integrated method, and potential applications, are summarized. A broad outlook on the future considerations for the soft robots is proposed.
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- 2024
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3. Role of peritumoral tissue analysis in predicting characteristics of hepatocellular carcinoma using ultrasound-based radiomics
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Hongwei Qian, Yanhua Huang, Luohang Xu, Hong Fu, and Baochun Lu
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Medicine ,Science - Abstract
Abstract Predicting the biological characteristics of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is essential for personalized treatment. This study explored the role of ultrasound-based radiomics of peritumoral tissues for predicting HCC features, focusing on differentiation, cytokeratin 7 (CK7) and Ki67 expression, and p53 mutation status. A cohort of 153 patients with HCC underwent ultrasound examinations and radiomics features were extracted from peritumoral tissues. Subgroups were formed based on HCC characteristics. Predictive modeling was carried out using the XGBOOST algorithm in the differentiation subgroup, logistic regression in the CK7 and Ki67 expression subgroups, and support vector machine learning in the p53 mutation status subgroups. The predictive models demonstrated robust performance, with areas under the curves of 0.815 (0.683–0.948) in the differentiation subgroup, 0.922 (0.785–1) in the CK7 subgroup, 0.762 (0.618–0.906) in the Ki67 subgroup, and 0.849 (0.667–1) in the p53 mutation status subgroup. Confusion matrices and waterfall plots highlighted the good performance of the models. Comprehensive evaluation was carried out using SHapley Additive exPlanations plots, which revealed notable contributions from wavelet filter features. This study highlights the potential of ultrasound-based radiomics, specifically the importance of peritumoral tissue analysis, for predicting HCC characteristics. The results warrant further validation of peritumoral tissue radiomics in larger, multicenter studies.
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- 2024
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4. Anti-TMV activity of flavonol derivatives containing piperidine sulfonamide: Design, synthesis, mechanism study
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Zhiling Sun, Wei Zeng, Qing Zhou, Yujiao Qiu, Yuzhi Hu, Jieyu Li, Hong Fu, Hongqian Zou, and Wei Xue
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Flavonol ,Piperidine sulfonamide ,Antiviral activity ,Molecular docking ,Biosecurity ,Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Abstract
A series of flavonol derivatives containing piperidine sulfonamide were designed and synthesized. The EC50 values for the curative of tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) by Z6 and Z22 were 108.2 and 102.7 μg/mL, respectively, outperforming the control agent ningenmycin (NNM) with an EC50 value of 253.8 μg/mL. Additionally, the EC50 values for the protective activity of Z6 and Z21 were 100.9 and 123.2 μg/mL, respectively, also surpassing the control agent NNM with an EC50 value of 203.7 μg/mL. Microscale thermophoresis (MST) and molecular docking test showed that Z6 bound well with tobacco mosaic virus coat protein (TMV-CP). The biological safety test showed that Z6 had almost no effect on seed germination and seedling growth. After treatment with Z6, the chlorophyll content and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in tobacco leaves increased, while the malondialdehyde (MDA) content decreased. Therefore, Z6 has a high probability as a potential antiviral agent.
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- 2024
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5. Collagen is crucial target protein for scleral remodeling and biomechanical change in myopia progression and control
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Yun Sun, Yaru Sha, Jing Yang, Hong Fu, Xinyu Hou, Zhuozheng Li, Yongfang Xie, and Guohui Wang
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Collagen ,Myopia ,Sclera ,Collagen crosslinking ,Biomechanics ,Science (General) ,Q1-390 ,Social sciences (General) ,H1-99 - Abstract
In recent decades, the prevalence of myopia has been on the rise globally, attributed to changes in living environments and lifestyles. This increase in myopia has become a significant public health concern. High myopia can result in thinning of the sclera and localized ectasia of the posterior sclera, which is the primary risk factor for various eye diseases and significantly impacts patients' quality of life. Therefore, it is essential to explore effective prevention strategies and programs for individuals with myopia. Collagen serves as the principal molecule in the extracellular matrix (ECM) of scleral tissue, consisting of irregular collagen fibrils. Collagen plays a crucial role in myopia progression and control. During the development of myopia, the sclera undergoes a thinning process which is primarily influenced by collagen expression decreased and remodeled, thus leading to a decrease in its biomechanical properties. Improving collagen expression and promoting collagen crosslinking can slow down the progression of myopia. In light of the above, improving collagen expression or enhancing the mechanical properties of collagen fibers via medication or surgery represents a promising approach to control myopia.
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- 2024
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6. Cord blood vitamin A and vitamin D levels in relation to physical growth in exclusively breastfed infants aged 0-6 months
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Wei Zhao, Chao Li, Wen Zhi Shen, Kai Yun Li, Yi Xi Cai, Feng Li, Hong Fu, Bin Peng, Jie Chen, Ting Yu Li, and Li Chen
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umbilical cord blood ,vitamin A ,vitamin D ,exclusive breastfeeding ,infants ,physical growth ,Diseases of the endocrine glands. Clinical endocrinology ,RC648-665 - Abstract
BackgroundVitamins A and D are essential for the health of pregnant women and infants. Nevertheless, the relationship between umbilical cord blood vitamins A and D levels and the physical growth of exclusively breastfed infants remains uncertain.ObjectiveThis cohort study aims to examine the relationship between cord blood vitamins A and D levels and the physical growth of exclusively breastfed infants aged 0–6 months.Methods140 singleton mother–infant pairs were recruited in total. Questionnaires were used to collect maternal and infant information, and liquid chromatography was utilized to quantify the levels of vitamins A and D in the umbilical cord blood. Anthropometric measurements were conducted at birth, at 3 and 6 months of age, and the weight-for-age z-score (WAZ), length-for-age z-score (LAZ), head circumference-for-age z-score (HAZ), and BMI-for-age z-score (BMIZ) were calculated. Univariate and multivariate linear regression models were used for the analysis.ResultsThe average concentration of vitamins A and D in cord blood was 0.58 ± 0.20 μmol/L and 34.07 ± 13.35 nmol/L, both below the normal range for children. After adjusting for confounding factors, vitamin A levels in cord blood positively correlated with HAZ growth in infants aged 3–6 months (β= 0.75, P < 0.01) while vitamin D levels negatively correlated with LAZ growth (β= −0.01, P = 0.01) and positively correlated with BMIZ growth (β= 0.02, P < 0.01).ConclusionHigher Vitamin A levels at birth promote HAZ growth in infants aged 3–6 months while higher vitamin D levels at birth promote BMIZ growth in infants aged 3–6 months.Clinical trial registrationhttps://register.clinicaltrials.gov, identifier NCT04017286.
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- 2024
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7. Naturally Crosslinked Biocompatible Carbonaceous Liquid Metal Aqueous Ink Printing Wearable Electronics for Multi-Sensing and Energy Harvesting
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King Yan Chung, Bingang Xu, Di Tan, Qingjun Yang, Zihua Li, and Hong Fu
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Biocompatible ,Conductive ink ,Biopolymer ,E-textile ,Carbonaceous liquid metal ,Technology - Abstract
Highlights Naturally crosslinked carbonaceous liquid metal aqueous printable ink mediated by biopolymers. E-textile with conductivity, stability, wearability, and aesthetic characteristics. Multi-applications in health monitoring, pressure sensing, and energy harvesting.
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- 2024
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8. Generation of a DMD loss-of-function mutant human embryonic stem cell lines by CRISPR base editing
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Hui Jin, Hong Fu, Jingjing Wang, Zhongming Wang, Jing Liu, Fengjie Han, Haijun Zheng, and Youxu Jiang
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Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 - Abstract
Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a fatal X-linked recessive disorder, which is caused mostly by frame-disrupting, out-of-frame variation in the dystrophin (DMD) gene. Loss-of- function mutations are the most common type of mutation in DMD, accounting for approximately 60–90% of all DMD variations. In this study, we used adenine base editing to generate a human embryonic stem cell line with splice-site mutations to mimic exon deletion variants in clinical Duchenne muscular dystrophy patients. This cell line has differentiation potential and a normal karyotypic.
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- 2024
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9. Integration of multiomics analysis to reveal the major pathways of vitamin A deficiency aggravates acute respiratory distress syndrome in neonatal rats
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Jia Tang, Jiaqin Yuan, Jinghao Sun, Mi Yan, Mengchun Li, Yanfei Liu, Shaohua Xu, Jing Li, Hong Fu, Wanwei Li, and Zhangxue Hu
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Medicine ,Science - Abstract
Abstract Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a major disease that threatens the life and health of neonates. Vitamin A (VA) can participate in early fetal lung development and affect lung immune function. Researches revealed that the serum VA level in premature infants with ARDS was lower than that in premature infants without ARDS of the same gestational age, and premature infants with VA deficiency (VAD) were more likely to develop ARDS. Moreover, the VA levels can be used as a predictor of the development and severity of neonatal ARDS. However, the critical question here is; Does ARDS develop due to VAD in these systemic diseases? Or does ARDS develop because these diseases cause VAD? We hypothesize that VAD may aggravate neonatal ARDS by affecting immunity, metabolism, barriers and other pathways. In this article, we used multiomics analysis to find that VAD may aggravate ARDS mainly through the Fc epsilon RI signaling pathway, the HIF-1 signaling pathway, glutathione metabolism, and valine, leucine and isoleucine degradation signaling pathways, which may provide the molecular pathogenic mechanism behind the pathology of VAD-aggravated ARDS and can also provide potential molecular targets for subsequent research on ARDS.
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- 2023
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10. Application of CO2-Soluble Polymer-Based Blowing Agent to Improve Supercritical CO2 Replacement in Low-Permeability Fractured Reservoirs
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Mingxi Liu, Kaoping Song, Longxin Wang, Hong Fu, and Jiayi Zhu
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fractured core ,supercritical CO2 ,CO2-soluble blowing agent ,static foaming performance evaluation ,blocking rate ,enhanced recovery ,Organic chemistry ,QD241-441 - Abstract
Since reservoirs with permeability less than 10 mD are characterized by high injection difficulty, high-pressure drop loss, and low pore throat mobilization during the water drive process, CO2 is often used for development in actual production to reduce the injection difficulty and carbon emission simultaneously. However, microfractures are usually developed in low-permeability reservoirs, which further reduces the injection difficulty of the driving medium. At the same time, this makes the injected gas flow very fast, while the gas utilization rate is low, resulting in a low degree of recovery. This paper conducted a series of studies on the displacement effect of CO2-soluble foaming systems in low-permeability fractured reservoirs (the permeability of the core matrix is about 0.25 mD). For the two CO2-soluble blowing agents CG-1 and CG-2, the effects of the CO2 phase state, water content, and oil content on static foaming performance were first investigated; then, a more effective blowing agent was preferred for the replacement experiments according to the foaming results; and finally, the effects of the blowing agents on sealing and improving the recovery degree of a fully open fractured core were investigated at different injection rates and concentrations, and the injection parameters were optimized. The results show that CG-1 still has good foaming performance under low water volume and various oil contents and can be used in subsequent fractured core replacement experiments. After selecting the injection rate and concentration, the blowing agent can be used in subsequent fractured cores under injection conditions of 0.6 mL/min and 2.80%. In injection conditions, the foaming agent can achieve an 83.7% blocking rate and improve the extraction degree by 12.02%. The research content of this paper can provide data support for the application effect of a CO2-soluble blowing agent in a fractured core.
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- 2024
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11. Determination of diacetyl in workplace air by high performance liquid chromatography using 4-nitro-o-phenylenediamine as precolumn derivatization
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Haipeng YE, Ji SHAO, Siwei TAN, Xiaoyue SHAN, Ling ZHANG, Hong FU, and Lei ZHANG
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precolumn derivatization ,high performance liquid chromatography ,4-nitro-o-phenylenediamine ,diacetyl ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 ,Toxicology. Poisons ,RA1190-1270 - Abstract
Background Diacetyl (DC) is widely used in the food flavoring industry and excessive occupational exposure to DC can cause serious respiratory diseases. However, there is no corresponding national standard method for the determination of DC in the air of workplace.Objective To establish a method for the determination of DC in workplace air by high performance liquid chromatography using 4-nitro-o-phenylenediamine (NPDA) as precolumn derivatization.Methods DC in the air of workplace was collected by solution absorption method. This experiment used NPDA as the derivatization reagent. By adjusting acidity of solution and optimizing concentration ration of DC/NPDA, derivatization temperature, and time, a method for the determination of DC in workplace air was proposed, and its performance indexes such as linearity, detection limit, and lower limit of quantification were obtained. Sampling efficiency was evaluated by relative comparison method, and sample stability was evaluated by sample preservation test. Accuracy and precision of the method were evaluated by standard addition recovery test with blank samples, and an interference test was carried out by adding standard samples. The established method was applied to actual samples to evaluate its adaptability.Results A combination of 60 °C for 2 h was selected for derivatization because a higher derivatization reaction temperature and a longer reaction time associated with a higher derivatization efficiency. The solution was separated by SB-C18 column (250 mm×4.6 mm, 5 μm) at 30 ℃, using a mixture of methanol and water (v/v, 65%/35%) as mobile phase with an elution flow rate of 1.0 mL·min−1, and was detected with a variable wavelength detector (λmax=257 nm) by qualitative analysis based on retention time and quantitative analysis based on external standard method. In terms of the proposed method, the linear range of detection was from 5 μg·L−1 to 2000 μg·L−1, with a correlation coefficient of 0.9999, and a detection limit of 1.3 μg·L−1, the quantitative detection of the lower limit was 4.3 μg·L−1, with a sampling volume V0 of 3.0 L, the minimum detection concentration was 4.3 μg·m−3, and the minimum quantitative concentration was 14.3 μg·m−3. The recovery rate was 99.1%-100.8%, the intra-batch precision was 0.5%-3.0%, and the inter-batch precision was 1.2%-2.0%. The average sampling efficiency of this method was 94.5%, and the sample could be stored at 4 °C for at least 14 d. The coexisting components in the air of the workplace did not interfere with the determination of DC. The DC content in the air of a flavor workplace was 5.86-8.85 mg·m−3.ConclusionA determination method for DC in workplace air by high performance liquid chromatography using NPDA as precolumn derivatization after being collected by 1.0% phosphoric acid absorbent is proposed and has the advantages of simple operation, high sensitivity, and good accuracy. With no DC loss and degradation, the method may satisfy the request for DC determination in the air of workplace.
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- 2023
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12. Causal relationships between delirium and Alzheimer's disease: a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization study
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Jiang Zheng, Xiaohui Du, Liu Yang, and Hong Fu
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Alzheimer’s disease ,Delirium ,Mendelian randomization ,Causal relationships ,European ,Medicine - Abstract
Abstract Background Previous observational studies have reported that delirium has an association with an increased risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD), and that patients with AD have a higher risk of developing delirium. However, due to the limitations of observational study, it is challenging to confirm whether delirium has a causal effect on AD or reverse causation exists. Methods A bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) was performed to investigate the relationship between delirium and AD. Summary statistics from genome-wide association studies of delirium and AD phenotypes were utilized. Inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method was used as the main analysis approach, and additional analyses were performed using MR Egger, weighted median, simple mode and weighted mode to ensure result accuracy. Heterogeneity and horizontal pleiotropy were assessed using Cochran's Q statistics and MR Egger intercept, separately. Results The MR analyses showed that genetically predicted delirium was not associated with AD (IVW: odds ratio [OR] 0.98, 95% CI 0.91–1.05, P = 0.544; MR Egger: OR 0.98, 95% CI 0.83–1.15, P = 0.780; weighted median: OR 0.96, 95% CI 0.88–1.05, P = 0.323; simple mode: OR 0.91, 95% CI 0.80–1.04, P = 0.212; weighted mode: OR 0.93, 95% CI 0.83–1.05, P = 0.277). However, in the reverse direction, AD was associated with delirium (IVW: OR 1.32, 95% CI 1.13–1.54, P = 3.91E-04; MR Egger: OR 1.42, 95% CI 1.02–1.98, P = 5.60E-02; Weighted median: OR 1.39, 95% CI 1.18–1.63, P = 8.22E-05; Simple mode: OR 1.41, 95% CI 1.10–1.80, P = 1.41E−02; Weighted mode: OR 1.39, 95% CI 1.16–1.67, P = 3.23E-03). Conclusion Based on the results of our MR study, there is no bidirectional causality between delirium and AD, delirium is not associated with an increased risk of AD, while genetically predicted AD is a potential causal risk factor for delirium.
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- 2023
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13. PV Panel Model Parameter Estimation by Using Particle Swarm Optimization and Artificial Neural Network
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Wai-Lun Lo, Henry Shu-Hung Chung, Richard Tai-Chiu Hsung, Hong Fu, and Tak-Wai Shen
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model parameters estimation ,neural network ,particle swarm optimization ,photovoltaic panel ,Chemical technology ,TP1-1185 - Abstract
Photovoltaic (PV) panels are one of the popular green energy resources and PV panel parameter estimations are one of the popular research topics in PV panel technology. The PV panel parameters could be used for PV panel health monitoring and fault diagnosis. Recently, a PV panel parameters estimation method based in neural network and numerical current predictor methods has been developed. However, in order to further improve the estimation accuracies, a new approach of PV panel parameter estimation is proposed in this paper. The output current and voltage dynamic responses of a PV panel are measured, and the time series of the I–V vectors will be used as input to an artificial neural network (ANN)-based PV model parameter range classifier (MPRC). The MPRC is trained using an I–V dataset with large variations in PV model parameters. The results of MPRC are used to preset the initial particles’ population for a particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm. The PSO algorithm is used to estimate the PV panel parameters and the results could be used for PV panel health monitoring and the derivation of maximum power point tracking (MMPT). Simulations results based on an experimental I–V dataset and an I–V dataset generated by simulation show that the proposed algorithms can achieve up to 3.5% accuracy and the speed of convergence was significantly improved as compared to a purely PSO approach.
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- 2024
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14. Multi-objective crashworthiness design optimization of a rollover protective structure by an improved constraint-handling technique
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Chao Ma, Hong Fu, Pengcheng Lu, and Hongpeng Lu
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crashworthiness optimization ,rollover protective structure ,structural response analysis ,constrained multi-objective optimization ,adaptive penalty function method ,Mathematics ,QA1-939 ,Applied mathematics. Quantitative methods ,T57-57.97 - Abstract
This study proposes a multi-objective optimization (MOO) strategy with an improved constraint-handling technique to improve the crashworthiness of an excavator rollover protective structure (ROPS). First, the experimental test under the ISO 12117 criteria is conducted and the developed numerical model is verified. Then, the amounts of energy absorption and the cross-sectional forces of components in the ROPS are analyzed. The main energy absorbing and load carrying components are identified. Finally, the thicknesses of the identified components are considered as the design variables. A multi-objective crashworthiness optimization process aims at improving the safety distance and reducing the total mass is designed by the finite element analysis-based surrogate model technique and a modified MOO algorithm. The proposed algorithm modifies the objective function values of an individual with its constraint violations and the true objective function values, of which adaptive penalty weights fed back from the constraint violations are used to keep the balance. Compared with the existing methods, it is found that the optimal solutions obtained by the proposed algorithm show superiority on convergence rate and diversity of distribution. The optimal results show that the safety distance is 27.42% higher while the total mass is 7.06% lower than those of the baseline design when it meets the requirements of ISO 12117. This study provides an alternative crashworthiness design route for the ROPS of the construction machines.
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- 2023
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15. Gastric adenocarcinoma in Situs inversus totalis: a case study and literature review
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Bo Sun, Ping Xu, Pengfei Kong, Yantian Fang, and Hong Fu
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Situs inversus totalis ,gastric cancer ,surgical management ,vascular anomalies ,gastrectomy ,Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens ,RC254-282 - Abstract
BackgroundSitus inversus totalis (SIT) is an uncommon disorder characterized by mirror-image anatomy, which can present unique challenges and potential vascular anomalies in surgical interventions, particularly in gastric cancer patients.AimsWe aim to delineate a rare case of gastric adenocarcinoma in a SIT patient and conduct a thorough review of the existing literature concerning surgical strategies, vascular anomalies, and outcomes observed across varied geographic locales and technological approaches.MethodsA thorough examination of a case involving a 39-year-old male SIT patient who underwent a successful distal gastrectomy with D2 lymph node dissection is presented alongside an expansive literature review. The review encompasses 47 articles, collating data on surgical approaches and vascular anomalies across 49 patients diagnosed with SIT and gastric cancer.ResultsThe patient underwent curative distal gastrectomy and Billroth II with Braun anastomosis within 95 minutes, incurring minimal intraoperative blood loss (100ml). Postoperative pathology confirmed moderately to poorly differentiated gastric adenocarcinoma (pT3N0M0), with no signs of recurrence or metastasis after 6 months of S-1 adjuvant chemotherapy. The literature review revealed vascular anomalies in approximately 20% of reported cases, accentuating its surgical significance. Noteworthy variations in surgical strategies, operative times, blood loss, and complications across different surgical modalities were observed, providing a comprehensive view into the practical management of such cases.ConclusionDespite the inherent challenges associated with SIT, various surgical techniques can be successfully applied with meticulous preoperative planning and understanding vascular anomalies. This compilation of diverse surgical experiences across numerous documented cases seeks to provide a consolidated resource for refining surgical strategies and enhancing postoperative outcomes for gastric cancer patients with SIT, underscoring the imperativeness of further research in this niche domain.
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- 2023
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16. Prospect of acromegaly therapy: molecular mechanism of clinical drugs octreotide and paltusotine
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Jie Zhao, Hong Fu, Jingjing Yu, Weiqi Hong, Xiaowen Tian, Jieyu Qi, Suyue Sun, Chang Zhao, Chao Wu, Zheng Xu, Lin Cheng, Renjie Chai, Wei Yan, Xiawei Wei, and Zhenhua Shao
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Science - Abstract
Somatostatin receptor 2 (SSTR2) represents a therapeutic target of neuroendocrine tumors. Here, authors report two structures of SSTR2 bound to peptide octreotide and small molecule paltusotine, revealing the basis subtype selectivity and signal bias properties.
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- 2023
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17. Behavior Analysis With Integrated Visual-Motor Tracking for Developmental Coordination Disorder
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Ruimin Li, Hong Fu, Yang Zheng, Shuiping Gou, Jane Jie Yu, Xiaowei Kong, and Hongmin Wang
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Developmental coordination disorder (DCD) ,behavior analysis ,visual-motor tracking ,behavioral marker ,gross movement ,Medical technology ,R855-855.5 ,Therapeutics. Pharmacology ,RM1-950 - Abstract
Developmental coordination disorder (DCD) is a motor learning disability with a prevalence of 5%-6% in school-aged children, which may seriously affect the physical and mental health of affected children. Behavior analysis of children helps explore the mechanism of DCD and develop better diagnosis protocols. In this study, we investigate the behavioral pattern of children with DCD in the gross movement using a visual-motor tracking system. First, visual components of interest are detected and extracted using a series of intelligent algorithms. Then, the kinematic features are defined and calculated to describe the children behavior, including eye movement, body movement, and interacting object trajectory. Finally, statistical analysis is conducted both between groups with different motor coordination abilities and between groups with different task outcomes. The experimental results show that groups of children with different coordination abilities differ significantly both in the duration of eye gaze focusing on the target and in the degree of concentration during aiming, which can serve as behavioral markers to distinguish children with DCD. This finding also provides precise guidance for the interventions for children with DCD. In addition to increasing the amount of time spent on concentrating, we should focus on improving children’s attention levels.
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- 2023
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18. Passive Aggressive Ensemble for Online Portfolio Selection
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Kailin Xie, Jianfei Yin, Hengyong Yu, Hong Fu, and Ying Chu
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online portfolio selection ,online ensemble learning ,passive aggressive algorithm ,Mathematics ,QA1-939 - Abstract
Developing effective trend estimators is the main method to solve the online portfolio selection problem. Although the existing portfolio strategies have demonstrated good performance through the development of various trend estimators, it is still challenging to determine in advance which estimator will yield the maximum final cumulative wealth in online portfolio selection tasks. This paper studies an online ensemble approach for online portfolio selection by leveraging the strengths of multiple trend estimators. Specifically, a return-based loss function and a cross-entropy-based loss function are first designed to evaluate the adaptiveness of different trend estimators in a financial environment. On this basis, a passive aggressive ensemble model is proposed to weigh these trend estimators within a unit simplex according to their adaptiveness. Extensive experiments are conducted on benchmark datasets from various real-world stock markets to evaluate their performance. The results show that the proposed strategy achieves state-of-the-art performance, including efficiency and cumulative return.
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- 2024
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19. Application of Polymeric CO2 Thickener Polymer-Viscosity-Enhance in Extraction of Low-Permeability Tight Sandstone
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Hong Fu, Kaoping Song, Yiqi Pan, Hanxuan Song, Senyao Meng, Mingxi Liu, Runfei Bao, Hongda Hao, Longxin Wang, and Xindong Fu
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low-permeability sandstone ,CO2 flooding ,polymeric thickener ,MMP reduction ,molecular simulation ,Organic chemistry ,QD241-441 - Abstract
The conventional production technique employed for low-permeability tight reservoirs exhibits limited productivity. To solve the problem, an acetate-type supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO2) thickener, PVE, which contains a large number of microporous structures, was prepared using the atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) method. The product exhibited an ability to decrease the minimum miscibility pressure of scCO2 during a solubility test and demonstrated a favorable extraction efficiency in a low-permeability tight core displacement test. At 15 MPa and 70 °C, PVE-scCO2 at a concentration of 0.2% exhibits effective oil recovery rates of 5.61% for the 0.25 mD core and 2.65% for the 5 mD core. The result demonstrates that the incorporation of the thickener PVE can effectively mitigate gas channeling, further improve oil displacement efficiency, and inflict minimal damage to crude oil. The mechanism of thickening was analyzed through molecular simulation. The calculated trend of thickening exhibited excellent agreement with the experimental measurement rule. The simulation results demonstrate that the contact area between the polymer and CO2 increases in direct proportion to both the number of thickener molecules and the viscosity of the system. The study presents an effective strategy for mitigating gas channeling during scCO2 flooding and has a wide application prospect.
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- 2024
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20. A comparative study of subjective well-being, interpersonal relationship and love forgiveness among Chinese college students before and after the COVID-19 epidemic
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Tianyi Cheng, Lin Qiyi, and Hong Fu
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Chinese college students ,the COVID-19 pandemic ,interpersonal relationships ,subjective well-being ,love forgiveness ,Psychology ,BF1-990 - Abstract
During the period that COVID-19 pandemic outbreak, Chinese universities have adopted a new teaching method combining online and offline and banned students from entering and leaving campus at will in line with the epidemic prevention policy. As a result, college students’ learning and life styles have been greatly changed. In order to explore how the epidemic and specific prevention policies have influenced the psychology and behavior of Chinese college students, this study used three questionnaires of college students’ subjective well-being, interpersonal relationship and love forgiveness to collect the data after the epidemic and compared with the data of college students before the epidemic. The result showed that before and after the epidemic, college students had obvious changes in their level of interpersonal relationship, subjective well-being and love forgiveness. Relationships among the three variables had changed. Meanwhile, the demographic variables of college students had certain changes in the three questionnaires. College students with and without romantic experience also had significant differences in the three questionnaires. It can be seen that the epidemic and specific prevention policies have a certain impact on the physical and mental health of college students, and there is also a gap in the forgiveness level of college students with and without romantic experience. These findings remind relevant departments that it should give greater consideration to the physical and mental health of college students, provide some references for dealing with new outbreaks and formulating the epidemic prevention policies subsequently, and suggest psychological counselors to change the way of dealing with the intimate relationship of college students.
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- 2023
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21. Integrated optimization of 3D structural topology and 2D Halbach parameters for maglev planar motor
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Hong Fu, Chuxiong Hu, Ming Zhang, and Yu Zhu
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Maglev planar motor ,Topology design ,Electromagnetic design ,Integrated optimization ,Materials of engineering and construction. Mechanics of materials ,TA401-492 - Abstract
With the increasing demand of mechanical stiffness performance and electromagnetic performance of maglev planar motor, especially the moving-magnet motor with Halbach array, an integrated optimization with 3D structural optimization and magnet parameter optimization is proposed and executed in this paper. The macroscopic electromagnetic performances consisting of thrust-mass ratio and power dissipation are taken as the optimization objective, which improves the performance more directly and comprehensively than traditional optimization methods. A streamlined dual-loop optimization framework is constructed and proved to be able to reduce the computational consumption by tens of times compared to the initial conventional framework, authentically guaranteeing a smooth integrated optimization. At the outer loop of the optimization framework, this paper proposes an oriented strategy for the individuals of Genetic Algorithm (GA) to quickly meet the strict constraints. The integrated optimization method solves the parameter coupling problem between electromagnet and stiffness. Compared to existing optimized structure, the resulting structure improves the thrust-mass ratio by 7.7%, power dissipation by 12.8% and natural frequency by 16.6%, respectively. Mechatronic experimental results in maglev planar motor systems show that the proposed integrated optimization can significantly improve the control bandwidth and reduce the current consumption, laying the foundation for better performance in practical applications.
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- 2023
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22. Risk factors of serious postoperative outcomes in patients aged ≥90 years undergoing surgical intervention
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Hong Fu, Jiang Zheng, Jingyi Lai, Victor W. Xia, Kaiping He, and Dingyuan Du
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Aged ≥90 years ,Surgery ,Risk factor ,Serious postoperative outcome ,Science (General) ,Q1-390 ,Social sciences (General) ,H1-99 - Abstract
Objective: We aimed to identify preoperative and intraoperative factors associated with serious postoperative outcomes, which may help patients and clinicians make better-informed decisions. Methods: We conducted a retrospective study including all patients aged ≥90 years who underwent surgery between January 1, 2011, and January 1, 2021, at Chongqing University Central Hospital. We assessed 30 pre- and intraoperative demographic and clinical variables. Logistic regression was used to identify the independent risk factors for serious postoperative outcomes in patients aged ≥90 years. Results: A total of 428 patients were included in our analysis. The mean age was 92.6 years (SD ± 2.6). There were 240 (56.1%) females and 188 (43.9%) males. The most common comorbidities were hypertension (44.9%) and arrhythmias (34.8%). The 30-day hospital mortality was 5.6%, and severe morbidity was 33.2%. Based on the multivariate logistic regression classification analysis of the American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA)≥ Ⅳ [odds ratio (OR), 5.39, 95% confidence interval (CI), 2.06–14.16, P = .001], emergency surgery (OR, 5.02, 95% CI, 2.85–15.98, P = .001) and chronic heart failure (OR, 6.11, 95% CI, 1.93–13.06, P = .001) were identified as independent risk factors for 30-day hospital mortality, and ASA≥ Ⅳ (OR, 4.56, 95%CI, 2.56–8.15, P
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- 2023
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23. Learning with Digital Portfolios: Teacher Candidates Forming an Assessment Identity
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Hong Fu, Tim Hopper, Kathy Sanford, and David Monk
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teacher identity ,assessment ,digital portfolios ,identité en tant qu’enseignant ou enseignante ,évaluation ,portfolios numériques ,Education (General) ,L7-991 - Abstract
This study focuses on how the use of digital portfolios in teacher education can support teacher candidates to shift their understanding of assessment as they form their assessment identity. The study was in the context of changing curriculum and assessment practices promoted in British Columbia. We draw on data from a cohort of teacher candidates in the first term of a 16-month post-degree teacher education program, where they created a digital portfolio across multiple courses as part of their final assessment to be used in an exit interview with instructors and teaching professionals from the field. Narratives of teacher candidates’ experiences were collected to shed light on their changing understanding of assessment for learning practices and their emerging teacher identity as assessors promoted by the digital portfolio process. Significance of using digital portfolios to support their process of becoming teachers is focused in the conclusion of the paper. Cette étude se concentre sur la manière dont l’utilisation de portfolios numériques dans la formation des enseignants et des enseignantes peut soutenir les candidats et les candidates à l’enseignement pour changer leur compréhension de l’évaluation alors qu’ils forment leur identité d’évaluation. L’étude s’est déroulée dans le contexte d’un programme d’études et de pratiques d’évaluation en changement favorisé en Colombie-Britannique. Nous nous appuyons sur les données d’une cohorte de candidats et de candidates à l’enseignement récoltées au cours du premier trimestre d’un programme de formation des enseignants post-diplôme de 16 mois, au cours duquel ils ont créé un portfolio numérique couvrant plusieurs cours dans le cadre de leur évaluation finale pour être utilisé en tant qu’entrevue de fin de programme avec des instructeurs et instructrices et des professionnels et professionnelles de la profession. Les narrations des expériences des candidats et des candidates à l’enseignement ont été rassemblées pour éclairer leur compréhension en changement de l’évaluation des pratiques d’apprentissage et leur identité naissante en tant que professeurs et professeures devenus évaluateurs et évaluatrices promus par le processus du portfolio numérique. Dans la conclusion de l’article, l’importance de l’emploi de portfolios numériques pour soutenir le processus qui consiste à devenir enseignant et enseignante est soulignée.
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- 2022
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24. Muscular and Kinematic Responses to Unexpected Translational Balance Perturbation: A Pilot Study in Healthy Young Adults
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Cheuk Ying Tong, Ringo Tang-Long Zhu, Yan To Ling, Eduardo Mendonça Scheeren, Freddy Man Hin Lam, Hong Fu, and Christina Zong-Hao Ma
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translational balance perturbation ,moving platform ,muscle activation ,muscle co-contraction ,onset latency ,time to peak ,Technology ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 - Abstract
Falls and fall-related injuries are significant public health problems in older adults. While balance-controlling strategies have been extensively researched, there is still a lack of understanding regarding how fast the lower-limb muscles contract and coordinate in response to a sudden loss of standing balance. Therefore, this pilot study aims to investigate the speed and timing patterns of multiple joint/muscles’ activities among the different challenges in standing balance. Twelve healthy young subjects were recruited, and they received unexpected translational balance perturbations with randomized intensities and directions. Electromyographical (EMG) and mechanomyographical (MMG) signals of eight dominant-leg’s muscles, dominant-leg’s three-dimensional (3D) hip/knee/ankle joint angles, and 3D postural sways were concurrently collected. Two-way ANOVAs were used to examine the difference in timing and speed of the collected signals among muscles/joint motions and among perturbation intensities. This study has found that (1) agonist muscles resisting the induced postural sway tended to activate more rapidly than the antagonist muscles, and ankle muscles contributed the most with the fastest rate of response; (2) voluntary corrective lower-limb joint motions and postural sways could occur as early as the perturbation-induced passive ones; (3) muscles reacted more rapidly under a larger perturbation intensity, while the joint motions or postural sways did not. These findings expand the current knowledge on standing-balance-controlling mechanisms and may potentially provide more insights for developing future fall-prevention strategies in daily life.
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- 2023
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25. Genome-wide identification of Gramineae histone modification genes and their potential roles in regulating wheat and maize growth and stress responses
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Liwei Zheng, Shengjie Ma, Dandan Shen, Hong Fu, Yue Wang, Ying Liu, Kamran Shah, Caipeng Yue, and Jinyong Huang
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Histone modification ,Wheat and maize ,Growth and development ,Stress ,Botany ,QK1-989 - Abstract
Abstract Background In plants, histone modification (HM) genes participate in various developmental and defense processes. Gramineae plants (e.g., Triticum aestivum, Hordeum vulgare, Sorghum bicolor, Setaria italica, Setaria viridis, and Zea mays) are important crop species worldwide. However, little information on HM genes is in Gramineae species. Results Here, we identified 245 TaHMs, 72 HvHMs, 84 SbHMs, 93 SvHMs, 90 SiHMs, and 90 ZmHMs in the above six Gramineae species, respectively. Detailed information on their chromosome locations, conserved domains, phylogenetic trees, synteny, promoter elements, and gene structures were determined. Among the HMs, most motifs were conserved, but several unique motifs were also identified. Our results also suggested that gene and genome duplications potentially impacted the evolution and expansion of HMs in wheat. The number of orthologous gene pairs between rice (Oryza sativa) and each Gramineae species was much greater than that between Arabidopsis and each Gramineae species, indicating that the dicotyledons shared common ancestors. Moreover, all identified HM gene pairs likely underwent purifying selection based on to their non-synonymous (Ka)/synonymous (Ks) nucleotide substitutions. Using published transcriptome data, changes in TaHM gene expression in developing wheat grains treated with brassinosteroid, brassinazole, or activated charcoal were investigated. In addition, the transcription models of ZmHMs in developing maize seeds and after gibberellin treatment were also identified. We also examined plant stress responses and found that heat, drought, salt, insect feeding, nitrogen, and cadmium stress influenced many TaHMs, and drought altered the expression of several ZmHMs. Thus, these findings indicate their important functions in plant growth and stress adaptations. Conclusions Based on a comprehensive analysis of Gramineae HMs, we found that TaHMs play potential roles in grain development, brassinosteroid- and brassinazole-mediated root growth, activated charcoal-mediated root and leaf growth, and biotic and abiotic adaptations. Furthermore, ZmHMs likely participate in seed development, gibberellin-mediated leaf growth, and drought adaptation.
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- 2021
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26. A cellular senescence-related classifier based on a tumorigenesis- and immune infiltration-guided strategy can predict prognosis, immunotherapy response, and candidate drugs in hepatocellular carcinoma
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Yi Luo, Hao Liu, Hong Fu, Guo-Shan Ding, and Fei Teng
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cellular senescence ,hepatocellular carcinoma ,tumor microenvironment ,prognosis ,immunotherapy ,Immunologic diseases. Allergy ,RC581-607 - Abstract
BackgroundCellular senescence plays an irreplaceable role in tumorigenesis, progression, and tumor microenvironment (TME) remodeling. However, to date, there is limited research delineating the landscape of cellular senescence in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and an improved understanding on the interaction of tumor-associated cellular senescence with HCC prognosis, TME, and response to immunotherapy is warrant.MethodsTumorigenic and immune infiltration-associated senescence genes were determined by weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) and the Estimation of STromal and Immune cells in MAlignant Tumor tissues using Expression data (ESTIMATE) algorithm, and subsequently, a prognostic scoring model (named TIS) was constructed using multiple survival analysis algorithms to classify the senescence-related subtypes of HCC. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) and gene set variation analysis (GSVA) were conducted to identify the distinct hallmark pathways between high- and low-risk subtypes. Additionally, we carried out correlation analyses for TIS and clinical traits, senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP), immune infiltration and evasion, immune checkpoint factors, drug response, and immunotherapeutic efficacy. External experimental validation was conducted to delineate the association of CPEP3 (a TIS gene) with HCC phenotypes through assays of proliferation, colony formation, and invasion.ResultsA five-gene TIS, composed of NET1, ATP6V0B, MMP1, GTDC1, and CPEB3, was constructed and validated using TCGA and ICGC datasets, respectively, and showed a highly robust and plausible signature for overall survival (OS) prediction of HCC in both training and validation cohorts. Patients in the TIS-high group were accompanied by worse OS, activation of carcinogenetic pathways, infiltration of immunosuppressive cells, exclusion of effector killing cells, overexpression of immunomodulatory genes and SASP, and unsatisfied response to immunotherapy. In response to anticancer drugs, patients in the TIS-high group exhibited enhanced susceptibility to several conventional chemotherapeutic agents (5-fluorouracil, docetaxel, doxorubicin, gemcitabine, and etoposide), as well as several inhibitors of pathways involved in cellular senescence (cell-cycle inhibitors, bromodomain and extraterminal domain family (BET) inhibitors, PI3K-AKT pathway inhibitors, and multikinase inhibitors). Additionally, four putative drugs (palbociclib, JAK3 inhibitor VI, floxuridine, and lestaurtinib) were identified as potential compounds for patients in the TIS-high group. Notably, in vitro functional validation showed that CPEB3 knockdown boosted the phenotypes of proliferation, clonogenicity, and invasion in HCC cells, whereas CPEB3 overexpression attenuated these phenotypes.ConclusionsOur study provides comprehensive clues demonstrating the role of novel TIS in predicting HCC prognosis, immunotherapeutic response, and candidate drugs. This work highlights the significance of tumorigenesis- and immune infiltration-related cellular senescence in cancer therapy.
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- 2022
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27. On-board Satellite Image Classification for Earth Observation: A Comparative Study of Pre-Trained Vision Transformer Models
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Le, Thanh-Dung, Ha, Vu Nguyen, Nguyen, Ti Ti, Eappen, Geoffrey, Thiruvasagam, Prabhu, Garces-Socarras, Luis M., Chou, Hong-fu, Gonzalez-Rios, Jorge L., Merlano-Duncan, Juan Carlos, and Chatzinotas, Symeon
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Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition ,Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Signal Processing - Abstract
Remote sensing image classification is a critical component of Earth observation (EO) systems, traditionally dominated by convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and other deep learning techniques. However, the advent of Transformer-based architectures and large-scale pre-trained models has significantly shifted, offering enhanced performance and efficiency. This study focuses on identifying the most effective pre-trained model for land use classification in onboard satellite processing, emphasizing achieving high accuracy, computational efficiency, and robustness against noisy data conditions commonly encountered during satellite-based inference. Through extensive experimentation, we compared traditional CNN-based models, ResNet-based models, and various pre-trained vision Transformer models. Our findings demonstrate that pre-trained Transformer models, particularly MobileViTV2 and EfficientViT-M2, outperform models trained from scratch in accuracy and efficiency. These models achieve high performance with reduced computational requirements and exhibit greater resilience during inference under noisy conditions. While MobileViTV2 excelled on clean validation data, EfficientViT-M2 proved more robust when handling noise, making it the most suitable model for onboard satellite Earth observation tasks. In conclusion, EfficientViT-M2 is the optimal choice for reliable and efficient remote sensing image classification in satellite operations, achieving 98.76\% accuracy, precision, and recall. Specifically, EfficientViT-M2 delivered the highest performance across all metrics, excelled in training efficiency (1,000s) and inference time (10s), and demonstrated greater robustness (overall robustness score at 0.79).
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- 2024
28. A multiple and comprehensive approach to assess health risk in amalgam-exposed Chinese workers
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Xiao-ying Ruan, Si-wei Tan, Lin Zhu, Yan-peng Shi, Jia-mian Yu, Mei-bian Zhang, Tong-shuai Wang, and Hong Fu
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occupational health risk assessment ,mercury ,amalgam ,fluorescent bulb manufacturing ,multiple comprehensive methods analyze ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
Fluorescent lamp manufacturing workers have been extensively exposed to mercury (Hg). Our aim was to assess their health risks using several approved occupational health risk assessment methods, and to find out which method was more suitable for identification of occupational health risks. Work locations, and air and urine samples were collected from 530 exposed workers in Zhejiang, China. Based on the calculated exposure doses, health risks and risk ratios (RRs) as health risk indices, were evaluated using: Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), Australian, Romanian, Singaporean, International Council on Mining and Metals (ICMM), and Control of Substances Hazardous to Health (COSHH) methods. Among the workers, 86.0% had higher Hg levels than the Chinese occupational exposure limits of 0.02 mg/m3, and 16.7% urine samples were higher than the biological exposure limits of 35.0 μg/g·creatinine. Among workers at the injection, etc. locations, their average RRs, evaluated by the EPA, COSHH and Singaporean methods were 0.97, 0.76, and 0.60, respectively, and were significantly higher than the ICMM (0.39), Australian (0.30) and Romanian (0.29) methods. The RRs from the Singaporean method showed significant correlations with the urinary Hg levels (P < 0.01). In conclusion, the Singaporean method was more appropriate than the others for health risk evaluation because the excessive risks were significantly associated with urinary Hg levels among the workers.
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- 2022
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29. Knockdown of NDUFC1 inhibits cell proliferation, migration, and invasion of hepatocellular carcinoma
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Fang Han, Junwei Liu, Hongwu Chu, Dan Cao, Jia Wu, Hong Fu, Anyang Guo, Weiqin Chen, Yingping Xu, Xiangdong Cheng, and Yuhua Zhang
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HCC ,NDUFC1 ,senescence ,NADH: ubiquinone oxidoreductase complexes I ,prognosis ,Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens ,RC254-282 - Abstract
BackgroundNADH: ubiquinone oxidoreductase subunit C1(NDUFC1) encodes a subunit of the Complex I, which may support the structural stability of Complex I and assist in its biogenesis. The expression and functional roles of NDUFC1 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remain unknown.ResultWe knocked down the expression of NDUFC1 in HCC cell lines to explore the effects of NDUFC1 downregulation on HCC in vitro. MTT assay determined that downregulation of NDUFC1 significantly inhibited cell proliferation. Flow cytometry with (propidium iodide) PI staining indicated silencing of NDUFC1 arrested cell cycle of BEL-7404 cells at G2 phase and SK-HEP-1 cells at S/G2 phase. Annexin V-PI double staining and flow cytometric analysis showed that the downregulation of NDUFC1 significantly increased the population of apoptotic cells. Wound-healing assay and transwell assay indicated that the downregulation of NDUFC1 suppressed the migration and invasion of HCC cells. According to the detection of complex1 activity, we found that the activity of NDUFC1 silenced group decreased, whereas the content of ROS increased. Furthermore, combined with bioinformatics analysis of senescence-related genes, we found that the silence of NDUFC1 in HCC could induce senescence and inhibit autophagy. In addition, NDUFC1 could correlate positively with cancer-related pathways, among which the p53 pathways and the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathways. Finally, NDUFC1 is high expression in HCC specimens. High NDUFC1 expression was associated with poor prognosis and was an independent risk factor for reduced overall survival (OS).ConclusionsOur study indicated, for the first time, that NDUFC1 is an independent risk factor for the poor prognosis of HCC patients. NDUFC1 may promote tumor progression by inhibiting mitochondrial Complex I and up-regulating ROS through multiple cancer-related and senescence-related pathways of HCC, including p53 pathways and PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathways. We suppose that NDUFC1 might be a potential target for the mitochondrial metabolism therapy of HCC.
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- 2022
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30. No-Reference Image Quality Assessment Based on a Multitask Image Restoration Network
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Fan Chen, Hong Fu, Hengyong Yu, and Ying Chu
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no-reference image quality assessment ,multitask learning ,image restoration ,multi-level features ,Technology ,Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) ,TA1-2040 ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 ,Physics ,QC1-999 ,Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Abstract
When image quality is evaluated, the human visual system (HVS) infers the details in the image through its internal generative mechanism. In this process, the HVS integrates both local and global information about the image, utilizes contextual information to restore the original image information, and compares it with the distorted image information for image quality evaluation. Inspired by this mechanism, a no-reference image quality assessment method is proposed based on a multitask image restoration network. The multitask image restoration network generates a pseudo-reference image as the main task and produces a structural similarity index measure map as an auxiliary task. By mutually promoting the two tasks, a higher-quality pseudo-reference image is generated. In addition, when predicting the image quality score, both the quality restoration features and the difference features between the distorted and reference images are used, thereby fully utilizing the information from the pseudo-reference image. In order to facilitate the model’s ability to extract both global and local features, we introduce a multi-scale feature fusion module. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method achieves excellent performance on both synthetically and authentically distorted databases.
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- 2023
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31. Using HVS Dual-Pathway and Contrast Sensitivity to Blindly Assess Image Quality
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Fan Chen, Hong Fu, Hengyong Yu, and Ying Chu
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no-reference image quality assessment ,dual-stream networks ,contrast sensitivity ,ventral pathway ,dorsal pathway ,Chemical technology ,TP1-1185 - Abstract
Blind image quality assessment (BIQA) aims to evaluate image quality in a way that closely matches human perception. To achieve this goal, the strengths of deep learning and the characteristics of the human visual system (HVS) can be combined. In this paper, inspired by the ventral pathway and the dorsal pathway of the HVS, a dual-pathway convolutional neural network is proposed for BIQA tasks. The proposed method consists of two pathways: the “what” pathway, which mimics the ventral pathway of the HVS to extract the content features of distorted images, and the “where” pathway, which mimics the dorsal pathway of the HVS to extract the global shape features of distorted images. Then, the features from the two pathways are fused and mapped to an image quality score. Additionally, gradient images weighted by contrast sensitivity are used as the input to the “where” pathway, allowing it to extract global shape features that are more sensitive to human perception. Moreover, a dual-pathway multi-scale feature fusion module is designed to fuse the multi-scale features of the two pathways, enabling the model to capture both global features and local details, thus improving the overall performance of the model. Experiments conducted on six databases show that the proposed method achieves state-of-the-art performance.
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- 2023
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32. Detection of Air Pollution in Urban Areas Using Monitoring Images
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Ying Chu, Fan Chen, Hong Fu, and Hengyong Yu
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air pollution ,monitoring image ,haze level evaluation ,air quality index ,image quality assessment ,down-sample ,Meteorology. Climatology ,QC851-999 - Abstract
Air quality monitoring in polluted environments is of great significance to human health. Traditional methods use various pieces of meteorological equipment, which have limited applications in complex terrains and high costs. In this paper, a novel idea is put forward to solve the problem of air pollution monitoring in urban areas. We investigate whether air quality can be assessed visually by examining the haziness of photos from a far distance. Specifically, the correlation between the air quality indexes, such as the AQI, PM2.5, and PM10, of real outdoor scenarios and the haziness level evaluation scores of the monitoring images is calculated. The results show that the objective indicators can indeed reflect the level of air pollution, and the degree of correlation is invariant to the image size. To apply this new observation to a practical system, a novel method called fastDBCP (fast dark and bright channel prior) is developed. Based on a down-sampling strategy, a ratio is calculated between the dark and bright channel prior information in scaled images and adopted as the visual index of air pollution. Our experimental results show that the proposed metric not only demonstrates advantages in terms of its correlation degree and computational speed, but also shows a high level of classification accuracy compared to that of competing metrics.
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- 2023
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33. PV Panel Model Parameter Estimation by Using Neural Network
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Wai Lun Lo, Henry Shu Hung Chung, Richard Tai Chiu Hsung, Hong Fu, and Tak Wai Shen
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model parameters estimation ,neural network ,photovoltaic panel ,maximum power point ,Chemical technology ,TP1-1185 - Abstract
Photovoltaic (PV) panels have been widely used as one of the solutions for green energy sources. Performance monitoring, fault diagnosis, and Control of Operation at Maximum Power Point (MPP) of PV panels became one of the popular research topics in the past. Model parameters could reflect the health conditions of a PV panel, and model parameter estimation can be applied to PV panel fault diagnosis. In this paper, we will propose a new algorithm for PV panel model parameters estimation by using a Neural Network (ANN) with a Numerical Current Prediction (NCP) layer. Output voltage and current signals (VI) after load perturbation are observed. An ANN is trained to estimate the PV panel model parameters, which is then fined tuned by the NCP to improve the accuracy to about 6%. During the testing stage, VI signals are input into the proposed ANN-NCP system. PV panel model parameters can then be estimated by the proposed algorithms, and the estimated model parameters can be then used for fault detection, health monitoring, and tracking operating points for MPP conditions.
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- 2023
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34. Automated Student Classroom Behaviors’ Perception and Identification Using Motion Sensors
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Hongmin Wang, Chi Gao, Hong Fu, Christina Zong-Hao Ma, Quan Wang, Ziyu He, and Maojun Li
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intelligent system ,deep learning ,classroom behavior ,motion identification ,Technology ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 - Abstract
With the rapid development of artificial intelligence technology, the exploration and application in the field of intelligent education has become a research hotspot of increasing concern. In the actual classroom scenarios, students’ classroom behavior is an important factor that directly affects their learning performance. Specifically, students with poor self-management abilities, particularly specific developmental disorders, may face educational and academic difficulties owing to physical or psychological factors. Therefore, the intelligent perception and identification of school-aged children’s classroom behaviors are extremely valuable and significant. The traditional method for identifying students’ classroom behavior relies on statistical surveys conducted by teachers, which incurs problems such as being time-consuming, labor-intensive, privacy-violating, and an inaccurate manual intervention. To address the above-mentioned issues, we constructed a motion sensor-based intelligent system to realize the perception and identification of classroom behavior in the current study. For the acquired sensor signal, we proposed a Voting-Based Dynamic Time Warping algorithm (VB-DTW) in which a voting mechanism is used to compare the similarities between adjacent clips and extract valid action segments. Subsequent experiments have verified that effective signal segments can help improve the accuracy of behavior identification. Furthermore, upon combining with the classroom motion data acquisition system, through the powerful feature extraction ability of the deep learning algorithms, the effectiveness and feasibility are verified from the perspectives of the dimensional signal characteristics and time series separately so as to realize the accurate, non-invasive and intelligent children’s behavior detection. To verify the feasibility of the proposed method, a self-constructed dataset (SCB-13) was collected. Thirteen participants were invited to perform 14 common class behaviors, wearing motion sensors whose data were recorded by a program. In SCB-13, the proposed method achieved 100% identification accuracy. Based on the proposed algorithms, it is possible to provide immediate feedback on students’ classroom performance and help them improve their learning performance while providing an essential reference basis and data support for constructing an intelligent digital education platform.
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- 2023
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35. Advances in biomedical study of the myopia-related signaling pathways and mechanisms
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Jing Yang, Xinli Ouyang, Hong Fu, Xinyu Hou, Yan Liu, Yongfang Xie, Haiqun Yu, and Guohui Wang
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Myopia ,Signaling pathways ,Dopamine ,Collagen ,TGF-β ,HIF-1α ,Therapeutics. Pharmacology ,RM1-950 - Abstract
Myopia has become one of the most critical health problems in the world with the increasing time spent indoors and increasing close work. Pathological myopia may have multiple complications, such as myopic macular degeneration, retinal detachment, cataracts, open-angle glaucoma, and severe cases that can cause blindness. Mounting evidence suggests that the cause of myopia can be attributed to the complex interaction of environmental exposure and genetic susceptibility. An increasing number of researchers have focused on the genetic pathogenesis of myopia in recent years. Scleral remodeling and excessive axial elongating induced retina thinning and even retinal detachment are myopia's most important pathological manifestations. The related signaling pathways are indispensable in myopia occurrence and development, such as dopamine, nitric oxide, TGF-β, HIF-1α, etc. We review the current major and recent progress of biomedicine on myopia-related signaling pathways and mechanisms.
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- 2022
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36. Epigenetic Regulation of Methylation in Determining the Fate of Dental Mesenchymal Stem Cells
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Hui Zhang, Hong Fu, Hongzhi Fang, Qing Deng, Hao Huang, Dingyu Hou, Miaomiao Wang, Quanzhou Yao, Qiqi Si, Rui Chen, Linke Li, Jie Weng, Tailin Guo, and Mengyuan Wang
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Internal medicine ,RC31-1245 - Abstract
Dental mesenchymal stem cells (DMSCs) are crucial in tooth development and periodontal health, and their multipotential differentiation and self-renewal ability play a critical role in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Methylation modifications could promote the appropriate biological behavior by postsynthetic modification of DNA or protein and make the organism adapt to developmental and environmental prompts by regulating gene expression without changing the DNA sequence. Methylation modifications involved in DMSC fate include DNA methylation, RNA methylation, and histone modifications, which have been proven to exert a significant effect on the regulation of the fate of DMSCs, such as proliferation, self-renewal, and differentiation potential. Understanding the regulation of methylation modifications on the behavior and the immunoinflammatory responses involved in DMSCs contributes to further study of the mechanism of methylation on tissue regeneration and inflammation. In this review, we briefly summarize the key functions of histone methylation, RNA methylation, and DNA methylation in the differentiation potential and self-renewal of DMSCs as well as the opportunities and challenges for their application in tissue regeneration and disease therapy.
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- 2022
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37. Haze Level Evaluation Using Dark and Bright Channel Prior Information
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Ying Chu, Fan Chen, Hong Fu, and Hengyong Yu
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haze level evaluation ,dark channel prior ,bright channel prior ,image quality assessment ,air quality monitoring ,Meteorology. Climatology ,QC851-999 - Abstract
Haze level evaluation is highly desired in outdoor scene monitoring applications. However, there are relatively few approaches available in this area. In this paper, a novel haze level evaluation strategy for real-world outdoor scenes is presented. The idea is inspired by the utilization of dark and bright channel prior (DBCP) for haze removal. The change between hazy and haze-free scenes in bright channels could serve as a haze level indicator, and we have named it DBCP-I. The variation of contrast between dark and bright channels in a single hazy image also contains useful information to reflect haze level. By searching for a segmentation threshold, a metric called DBCP-II is proposed. Combining the strengths of the above two indicators, a hybrid metric named DBCP-III is constructed to achieve better performance. The experiment results on public, real-world benchmark datasets show the advantages of the proposed methods in terms of assessment accuracy with subjective human ratings. The study is first-of-its-kind with preliminary exploration in the field of haze level evaluation for real outdoor scenes, and it has a great potential to promote research in autonomous driving and automatic air quality monitoring. The open-source codes of the proposed algorithms are free to download.
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- 2022
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38. Empirical Risk-aware Machine Learning on Trojan-Horse Detection for Trusted Quantum Key Distribution Networks
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Chou, Hong-fu, Vu, Thang X., and Maity, Ilora
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Quantum Physics - Abstract
Quantum key distribution (QKD) is a cryptographic technique that leverages principles of quantum mechanics to offer extremely high levels of data security during transmission. It is well acknowledged for its capacity to accomplish provable security. However, the existence of a gap between theoretical concepts and practical implementation has raised concerns about the trustworthiness of QKD networks. In order to mitigate this disparity, we propose the implementation of risk-aware machine learning techniques that present risk analysis for Trojan-horse attacks over the time-variant quantum channel. The trust condition presented in this study aims to evaluate the offline assessment of safety assurance by comparing the risk levels between the recommended safety borderline. This assessment is based on the risk analysis conducted. Furthermore, the proposed trustworthy QKD scenario demonstrates its numerical findings with the assistance of a state-of-the-art point-to-point QKD device, which operates over optical quantum channels spanning distances of 1m, 1km, and 30km. Based on the results from the experimental evaluation of a 30km optical connection, it can be concluded that the QKD device provided prior information to the proposed learner during the non-existence of Eve's attack. According to the optimal classifier, the defensive gate offered by our learner possesses the capability to identify any latent Eve attacks, hence effectively mitigating the risk of potential vulnerabilities. The Eve detection probability is provably bound for our trustworthy QKD scenario., Comment: 20 Pages, 14 figure, Journal
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- 2024
39. A RISC-V SOC for Terahertz IoT Devices: Implementation and design challenges
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Zhong, Xinchao, Ma, Sean Longyu, and Chou, Hong-fu
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Computer Science - Hardware Architecture - Abstract
Terahertz (THz) communication is considered a viable approach to augmenting the communication capacity of prospective Internet-of-Things (IoT) resulting in enhanced spectral efficiency. This study first provides an outline of the design challenges encountered in developing THz transceivers. This paper introduces advanced approaches and a unique methodology known as Modified Pulse-width Modulation (MPWM) to address the issues in the THz domain. In this situation involving a transceiver that handles complex modulation schemes, the presence of a mixed signal through a high-resolution digital-to-analog converter (DAC) in the transmitter greatly contributes to the limitation in maintaining linearity at high frequencies. The utilization of Pulse-width Modulation-based Digital-to-Analog Converters (PWM-DACs) has garnered significant attention among scholars due to its efficiency and affordability. However, the converters' performance is restricted by insufficient conversion speed and precision, especially in the context of high-resolution, high-order modulation schemes for THz wireless communications. The MPWM framework offers a multitude of adjustable options, rendering the final MPWM-DAC highly adaptable for a diverse array of application scenarios. Comparative performance assessments indicate that MPWM-DACs have enhanced conversion speed compared to standard PWM-DACs, and they also provide greater accuracy in comparison to Pulse-count Modulation DACs (PCM-DACs). The study presents a comprehensive examination of the core principles, spectrum characteristics, and evaluation metrics, as well as the development and experimental validation of the MPWM method. Furthermore, we present a RISC-V System-on-Chip (SoC) that incorporates an MPWM-DAC, offering a highly favorable resolution for THz IoT communications., Comment: 18 pages, 17 figures, journal
- Published
- 2024
40. Paroxysmal Kinesigenic Dyskinesia: Genetics and Pathophysiological Mechanisms
- Author
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Xu, Jiao-Jiao, Li, Hong-Fu, and Wu, Zhi-Ying
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
41. Identification of Groundwater Radon Precursory Anomalies by Critical Slowing down Theory: A Case Study in Yunnan Region, Southwest China
- Author
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Zhiyuan Qiao, Guangcai Wang, Hong Fu, and Xiaojing Hu
- Subjects
radon anomaly ,groundwater ,earthquake ,critical slowing down ,Hydraulic engineering ,TC1-978 ,Water supply for domestic and industrial purposes ,TD201-500 - Abstract
In this study, we use the critical slowing down (CSD) theory to identify the precursory anomalies of groundwater radon based on the 1000-day continuous data from 8 monitoring stations in Yunnan Province, China during the seismically active period of 1993–1996. The low-frequency and high-frequency information were extracted from raw groundwater radon data to calculate their one-step lag autocorrelation (AR-1) and variance, respectively, in order to identify the precursory anomalies. The results show that the anomaly characteristics can be divided into three categories: sudden jump anomalies, persistent anomalies, and fluctuation anomalies. The highest average seismic recognition rate is 72.78%, based on the high-frequency information’s autocorrelation, while the lowest is 45.08%, based on the low-frequency information’s variance. The crustal activity and the change in hydrogeological conditions are possibly the main factors influencing groundwater radon anomalies in the selected period in the study area. There is a positive correlation between the anomaly occurrence time and epicentral distance when epicentral distance is less than 300 km, which may be related to the seismogenic modes and hydrogeological conditions. This study provides a reference for identifying groundwater radon anomalies before earthquakes by mathematical methods.
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- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
42. An Optimal Unequal Error Protection LDPC Coded Recording System
- Author
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Chou, Hong-fu
- Subjects
Computer Science - Information Theory - Abstract
For efficient modulation and error control coding, the deliberate flipping approach imposes the run-length-limited(RLL) constraint by bit error before recording. From the read side, a high coding rate limits the correcting capability of RLL bit error. In this paper, we study the low-density parity-check (LDPC) coding for RLL constrained recording system based on the Unequal Error Protection (UEP) coding scheme design. The UEP capability of irregular LDPC codes is used for recovering flipped bits. We provide an allocation technique to limit the occurrence of flipped bits on the bit with robust correction capability. In addition, we consider the signal labeling design to decrease the number of nearest neighbors to enhance the robust bit. We also apply the density evolution technique to the proposed system for evaluating the code performances. In addition, we utilize the EXIT characteristic to reveal the decoding behavior of the recommended code distribution. Finally, the optimization approach for the best distribution is proven by differential evolution for the proposed system., Comment: 20 pages, 18 figures
- Published
- 2023
43. Edge AI Empowered Physical Layer Security for 6G NTN: Potential Threats and Future Opportunities
- Author
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Chou, Hong-fu, Solanki, Sourabh, Ha, Vu Nguyen, Chen, Lin, Ma, Sean Longyu, Al-Hraishawi, Hayder, Eappen, Geoffrey, and Chatzinotas, Symeon
- Subjects
Computer Science - Networking and Internet Architecture ,Computer Science - Cryptography and Security - Abstract
Due to the enormous potential for economic profit offered by artificial intelligence (AI) servers, the field of cybersecurity has the potential to emerge as a prominent arena for competition among corporations and governments on a global scale. One of the prospective applications that stands to gain from the utilization of AI technology is the advancement in the field of cybersecurity. To this end, this paper provides an overview of the possible risks that the physical layer may encounter in the context of 6G Non-Terrestrial Networks (NTN). With the objective of showcasing the effectiveness of cutting-edge AI technologies in bolstering physical layer security, this study reviews the most foreseeable design strategies associated with the integration of edge AI in the realm of 6G NTN. The findings of this paper provide some insights and serve as a foundation for future investigations aimed at enhancing the physical layer security of edge servers/devices in the next generation of trustworthy 6G telecommunication networks., Comment: 7 pages, 6 figures, magazine
- Published
- 2023
44. Joint Source-Channel Coding System for 6G Communication: Design, Prototype and Future Directions
- Author
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Zhong, Xinchao, Ma, Sean Longyu, Chou, Hong-fu, Mostaani, Arsham, Vu, Thang X., and Chatzinotas, Symeon
- Subjects
Computer Science - Information Theory ,Computer Science - Networking and Internet Architecture ,Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Signal Processing - Abstract
The goal of semantic communication is to surpass optimal Shannon's criterion regarding a notable problem for future communication which lies in the integration of collaborative efforts between the intelligence of the transmission source and the joint design of source coding and channel coding. The convergence of scholarly investigation and applicable products in the field of semantic communication is facilitated by the utilization of flexible structural hardware design, which is constrained by the computational capabilities of edge devices. This characteristic represents a significant benefit of joint source-channel coding (JSCC), as it enables the generation of source alphabets with diverse lengths and achieves a code rate of unity. Moreover, JSCC exhibits near-capacity performance while maintaining low complexity. Therefore, we leverage not only quasi-cyclic (QC) characteristics to propose a QC-LDPC code-based JSCC scheme but also Unequal Error Protection (UEP) to ensure the recovery of semantic importance. In this study, the feasibility for using a semantic encoder/decoder that is aware of UEP can be explored based on the existing JSCC system. This approach is aimed at protecting the significance of semantic task-oriented information. Additionally, the deployment of a JSCC system can be facilitated by employing Low-Density Parity-Check (LDPC) codes on a reconfigurable device. This is achieved by reconstructing the LDPC codes as QC-LDPC codes. The QC-LDPC layered decoding technique, which has been specifically optimized for hardware parallelism and tailored for channel decoding applications, can be suitably adapted to accommodate the JSCC system. The performance of the proposed system is evaluated by conducting BER measurements using both floating-point and 6-bit quantization., Comment: 14 pages, 9 figures, Journal
- Published
- 2023
45. Tanshinone IIA is superior to paricalcitol in ameliorating tubulointerstitial fibrosis through regulation of VDR/Wnt/β-catenin pathway in rats with diabetic nephropathy
- Author
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Zeng, Jing-Yi, Wang, Yu, Hong, Fu-Yuan, Miao, Miao, Jiang, Yu-Ying, Qiao, Zi-Xuan, Wang, Yun-Tao, and Bao, Xiao-Rong
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
46. Satellite-based Quantum Network: Security and Challenges over Atmospheric Channel
- Author
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Chou, Hong-fu, Ha, Vu Nguyen, Al-Hraishawi, Hayder, Garces-Socarras, Luis Manuel, Gonzalez-Rios, Jorge Luis, Merlano-Duncan, Juan Carlos, and Chatzinotas, Symeon
- Subjects
Quantum Physics ,Computer Science - Cryptography and Security - Abstract
The ultra-secure quantum network leverages quantum cryptography to deliver unsurpassed data transfer security. In principle, the well-known quantum key distribution (QKD) achieves unconditional security, which raises concerns about the trustworthiness of 6G wireless systems in order to mitigate the gap between practice and theory. The long-distance satellite-to-ground evolving quantum network distributes keys that are ubiquitous to the node on the ground through low-orbit satellites. As the secret key sequence is encoded into quantum states, it is sent through the atmosphere via a quantum channel. It still requires more effort in the physical layer design of deployment ranges, transmission, and security to achieve high-quality quantum communication. In this paper, we first review the quantum states and channel properties for satellite-based quantum networks and long-range quantum state transfer (QST). Moreover, we highlight some challenges, such as transmissivity statistics, estimation of channel parameters and attack resilience, quantum state transfer for satellite-based quantum networks, and wavepacket shaping techniques over atmospheric channels. We underline two research directions that consider the QST and wavepacket shaping techniques for atmospheric transmission in order to encourage further research toward the next generation of satellite-based quantum networks., Comment: 6 pages, 1 figure, conference
- Published
- 2023
47. Early-Stopped Technique for BCH Decoding Algorithm Under Tolerant Fault Probability
- Author
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Chou, Hong-fu
- Subjects
Computer Science - Information Theory ,94B35 - Abstract
In this paper, a technique for the Berlekamp-Massey(BM) algorithm is provided to reduce the latency of decoding and save decoding power by early termination or early-stopped checking. We investigate the consecutive zero discrepancies during the decoding iteration and decide to early stop the decoding process. This technique is subject to decoding failure in exchange for the decoding latency. We analyze our proposed technique by considering the weight distribution of BCH code and estimating the bounds of undetected error probability as the event of enormous stop checking. The proposed method is effective in numerical results and the probability of decoding failure is lower than $10^{-119}$ for decoding 16383 code length of BCH codes. Furthermore, the complexity compared the conventional early termination method with the proposed approach for decoding the long BCH code. The proposed approach reduces the complexity of the conventional approach by up to 80\%. As a result, the FPGA testing on a USB device validates the reliability of the proposed method., Comment: 6 pages, 5 figures
- Published
- 2023
48. YuanAI at MEDIQA-MAGIC 2024: Improving Medical VQA Performance through Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning.
- Author
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Hsian-Hong Fu and Hsien-Cheng Huang
- Published
- 2024
49. Early-Stopped Technique for BCH Decoding Algorithm Under Tolerant Fault Probability
- Author
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Wang, Shih-Shuan, Chou, Hong-fu, Zhong, Xinchao, Ma, Sean Longyu, Kacprzyk, Janusz, Series Editor, Gomide, Fernando, Advisory Editor, Kaynak, Okyay, Advisory Editor, Liu, Derong, Advisory Editor, Pedrycz, Witold, Advisory Editor, Polycarpou, Marios M., Advisory Editor, Rudas, Imre J., Advisory Editor, Wang, Jun, Advisory Editor, Yang, Xin-She, editor, Sherratt, Simon, editor, Dey, Nilanjan, editor, and Joshi, Amit, editor
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
50. New Superfine Cement Plugging System and It’s Laboratory Plugging Performance for High Permeability Sandstone Reservoir After Polymer Flooding
- Author
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Jiang, Hong-fu, Yang, Er-long, Liu, Wen-wei, Jiang, Zhi, Kan, Chun-ling, Xue, Yun-fei, Huang, Mei, Wang, Yue-ying, Wang, Chun-sheng, Shi, Wei-guang, Wu, Wei, Series Editor, and Lin, Jia'en, editor
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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