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Your search keyword '"Hou, Liangliang"' showing total 18 results
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18 results on '"Hou, Liangliang"'

14. Pig Management Strategies in the East Liao River Basin From the Bronze Age (c. 2000–256 BC) to the Liaojin Dynasties (907–1234 AD): Stable Isotope Analysis of Animals at the Changshan Site, Jilin Province, China

Author

Lv, Xiaohong, Ban, Lin, Liu, Yiwen, Guan, Ying, Liu, Hailin, Wang, Chunxue, and Hou, Liangliang

Subjects
General Earth and Planetary Sciences
Abstract

Pig domestication and management strategy has been increasingly discussed in recent years, focusing on the temporal-spatial differences of pig management strategies. The East Liao River Basin with diverse ecosystems, cultural exchanges, and collisions plays an important role in the cultural development, exchange, and integration processes between Northeast China and the Central Plains. Multiple studies have revealed that various forms of subsistence economy, such as nomadism, fishing and hunting, and farming, existed in this region. However, no report or discussion has been presented concerning the status of domestic animal management strategies over a long-term in the East Liao River Basin. Carbon and nitrogen stable isotopes analysis were performed on the fauna bones at the Changshan site in Siping, Jilin, China, from the Bronze Age (c. 2000–256 BC) to the Liaojin Dynasties (907–1234 AD), to reconstruct their dietary pattern and reveal the status of domestic animal management strategies, especially the diachronic changes in pig feeding strategies. The results showed that pigs (–19.3 ± 1.6%, 5.3 ± 0.9%, n = 27), horses (–18.4 ± 1.7%, 4.8 ± 1.4%, n = 7), and sheep (–19.8 ± 1.5%, 5.7 ± 0.5%, n = 6) primarily received their subsistence through C3-based food. Nevertheless, cattle (–16.4 ± 3.5%, 6.0 ± 2.1%, n = 2) and the past human (–13.9%, 10.3%, n = 1) lived on mixed C3/C4-based food. Notably, the stable isotope data for pigs from the Bronze Age (–19.1 ± 2.0%, 5.4 ± 1.0%, n = 9) to the Liaojin Dynasties (–19.8 ± 0.6%, 5.1 ± 0.7%, n = 15) were similar, indicating that the management and/or feeding strategy of domestic pigs were relatively stable with a free range in a wild ecosystem over a long period. Related studies have shown that pigs in captivity were mainly fed by millet-based food in the West Liao River Basin and the middle reaches of the Yellow River valley, where millet agriculture were adequately developed. Abundant natural resources, including plants, wild animals, and fishes, could provide sufficient food to the past population in the East Liao River Basin. Thus, the millet-based agriculture was just an auxiliary subsistence strategy in the Changshan site, leading to a gap in the driving force for long-term intensive management of pig.

Published
2022

17. Human subsistence strategy in the Ordos Plateau, Inner Mongolia, China, during the Qin and Han dynasties: Using stable isotope analysis.

Author

Hou, Liangliang, Hu, Chunbai, Wu, Tianhui, Zhao, Yanni, Deng, Hui, and Guo, Yi

Subjects
*STABLE isotope analysis, *DOMESTIC animals, *SUBSISTENCE economy, *WILD plants, *WESTERN diet, HAN dynasty, China, 202 B.C.-220 A.D.
Abstract

This article aims to reveal the subsistence economy of the Qin and Han empires and why they continued to advance northward to defeat the Huns (Xiongnu 匈奴) and other grassland peoples in the Ordos Plateau. We present the δ13C and δ15N results for the dietary reconstruction of animals and humans from the Fuluta cemetery in the Ordos Plateau, a nomadic farming junction area, from the late Qin dynasty (221–207 BCE) to the Western Han dynasty (202 BCE to 8 AD). Results show that the δ13C and δ15N values for humans (−8.5 ± 0.4‰, 9.2 ± 0.5‰, n = 29), pigs (−8.6 ± 1.4‰, 7.7 ± 1.1‰, n = 3) and dogs (−9.1 ± 0.3‰, 7.7 ± 0.4‰, n = 3) were generally higher than those for cattle (−15.7 ± 1.4‰, 6.5 ± 1.0‰, n = 8) and sheep (−17.8 ± 0.9‰, 6.2 ± 1.6‰, n = 11), indicating humans, pigs and dogs may have relied primarily on C4‐based food (millet), whereas cattle and sheep mainly relied on C3‐based food (wild plants). Related research shows that the diet of the population of the Fuluta cemetery was relatively homogenous and mainly based on millet agriculture and domestic animals, such as pigs, indicating that millet‐based agriculture was narrowly focused on for subsistence in the frontier region of northern China. The results of stable isotope work of the past populations in the surrounding areas of the Ordos Plateau from the period of the late Western Zhou dynasty (1046–771 BCE) to the Han dynasties (202 BCE to 220 AD) show trends of northward advancement and stability of the agricultural economy were constantly strengthening. Therefore, agriculturalization in the Ordos Plateau may have been the motivating force for Qin and Han imperial expansion into the frontier region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021
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18. Micro‐Raman study of black and red decorations of Neolithic Yangshao potteries excavated from Taiyuan city, Shanxi province, China (c. 3000 BCE)

Author

Wang, Ying, Yang, Yuanqing, Hou, Liangliang, Guo, Rui, Wang, Fen, Zhu, Jianfeng, Pei, Jingrong, Luo, Hongjie, and Wang, Tian

Subjects
*X-ray fluorescence, *NEOLITHIC Period, *OPTICAL spectroscopy, *POTTERY, *MICROSCOPY, *SCANNING electron microscopy
Abstract

Yangshao culture, as the most important Neolithic culture in China, is famous for its finely decorated pottery. In this work, Yangshao potteries excavated in Shanxi province, one of the core distribution areas, were studied by micro‐Raman spectroscopy combined with optical microscopy, X‐ray fluorescence, and scanning electron microscopy equipped with energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy. The color of the red decor is derived from hematite and maghemite. The black decorations on the surface are more complex, which could be divided into two types according to the Mn/Fe ratios and crystalline types: (1) low MnO2/Fe2O3 ratio and jacobsite and magnetite and (2) high MnO2/Fe2O3 ratio and hausmannite. The former color is obviously brighter than the latter. This study also demonstrates the potential of micro‐Raman microscopy in analyzing the nature of colorant crystals in Yangshao painted potteries and, therefore, better deciphering the technical details involved in the potteries of Yangshao culture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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