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13 results on '"Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)"'

1. Disentangling the role of poultry farms and wild birds in the spread of highly pathogenic avian influenza virus in Europe

Author

Claire, Guinat, Cecilia, Valenzuela Agüí, Timothy G, Vaughan, Jérémie, Scire, Anne, Pohlmann, Christoph, Staubach, Jacqueline, King, Edyta, Świętoń, Ádám, Dán, Lenka, Černíková, Mariette F, Ducatez, Tanja, Stadler, Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering [ETH Zürich] (D-BSSE), Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut (FLI), National Veterinary Research Institute [Pulawy, Pologne] (NVRI), Institute for Veterinary Medical Research [Budapest] (AOTI), Centre for Agricultural Research [Budapest] (ATK), Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), State Veterinary Institute Prague, Interactions hôtes-agents pathogènes [Toulouse] (IHAP), Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics [Lausanne] (SIB), Université de Lausanne = University of Lausanne (UNIL), This project has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie grant agreement No 842621., European Project: 777657,H2020-EU.1.3.3. - Stimulating innovation by means of cross-fertilisation of knowledge,777657,MSCA-RISE(2018), and Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)

Subjects
[SDV.BA.MVSA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology/Veterinary medicine and animal Health, highly pathogenic avian influenza, virus transmission and evolution, phylodynamics, domestic-wildlife interface
Abstract

In winter 2016-7, Europe was severely hit by an unprecedented epidemic of highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses (HPAIVs), causing a significant impact on animal health, wildlife conservation, and livestock economic sustainability. By applying phylodynamic tools to virus sequences collected during the epidemic, we investigated when the first infections occurred, how many infections were unreported, which factors influenced virus spread, and how many spillover events occurred. HPAIV was likely introduced into poultry farms during the autumn, in line with the timing of wild birds' migration. In Germany, Hungary, and Poland, the epidemic was dominated by farm-to-farm transmission, showing that understanding of how farms are connected would greatly help control efforts. In the Czech Republic, the epidemic was dominated by wild bird-to-farm transmission, implying that more sustainable prevention strategies should be developed to reduce HPAIV exposure from wild birds. Inferred transmission parameters will be useful to parameterize predictive models of HPAIV spread. None of the predictors related to live poultry trade, poultry census, and geographic proximity were identified as supportive predictors of HPAIV spread between farms across borders. These results are crucial to better understand HPAIV transmission dynamics at the domestic-wildlife interface with the view to reduce the impact of future epidemics., Virus Evolution, 8 (2), ISSN:2057-1577

Published
2023
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2. New Biocompatible β‐Phosphorylated Linear Nitrones Targeting Mitochondria: Protective Effect in Apoptotic Cells

Author

Marcel Culcasi, Caroline Delehedde, Mathieu Esgulian, Mathieu Cassien, Mathieu Chocry, Antal Rockenbauer, Sylvia Pietri, Sophie Thétiot‐Laurent, Institut de Chimie Radicalaire (ICR), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), YELEN, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry [Budapest], Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), and ANR-17-CE34-0006,MITODIAPM,Sondes mitochondriales et dispositifs de génération d'aérosols pour l'étude du stress oxydant et des dysfonctionnements cardiométaboliques induits par l'inhalation de faibles niveaux de particules ultrafines de pesticides chez l'animal(2017)

Subjects
EPR spin-trapping, superoxide quenching, [CHIM.ORGA]Chemical Sciences/Organic chemistry, Organic Chemistry, mitochondria-targeted nitrones, 31P NMR, Molecular Medicine, Molecular Biology, Biochemistry, cellular viability
Abstract

International audience; Mitochondria, an essential organelle involved in cellular respiration, energy production, and cell death, is the main cellular source of reactive oxygen species (ROS), including superoxide. Mitochondrial diseases resulting from uncontrolled/excess ROS generation are an emerging public health concern and there is current interest for specific mitochondriotropic probes to get information on in situ ROS production. As such, nitrones vectorized by the triphenylphosphonium (TPP) cation have recently drawn attention despite reported cytotoxicity. Herein, we describe the synthesis of 13 low-toxic derivatives of N-benzylidene-1-diethoxyphosphoryl-1-methylethylamine N-oxide (PPN) alkyl chain-grafted to a pyridinium, triethylammonium or berberinium lipophilic cation. These nitrones showed in vitro superoxide quenching activity and EPR/spin-trapping efficiency towards biologically relevant free radicals, including superoxide and hydroxyl radicals. Their mitochondrial penetration was confirmed by 31P NMR and anti-apoptotic properties assessed inhydrogen peroxide treated Schwann cells. Two pyridinium substituted PPNs were identified as potentially better alternatives to TPP nitrones conjugates for studies of mitochondrial oxidative damage.

Published
2023
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3. Complex carbonaceous matter in Tissint martian meteorites give insights into the diversity of organic geochemistry on Mars

Author

Philippe Schmitt-Kopplin, Marco Matzka, Alexander Ruf, Benedicte Menez, Hasnaa Chennaoui Aoudjehane, Mourad Harir, Marianna Lucio, Jasmine Hertzog, Norbert Hertkorn, Régis D. Gougeon, Victor Hoffmann, Nancy W. Hinman, Ludovic Ferrière, Ansgar Greshake, Zelimir Gabelica, László Trif, Andrew Steele, Max-Planck-Institut für Extraterrestrische Physik (MPE), Physique des interactions ioniques et moléculaires (PIIM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris (IPGP (UMR_7154)), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris (IPG Paris)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Université Paris Cité (UPCité), University Hassan II [Casablanca], Helmholtz Zentrum München = German Research Center for Environmental Health, Technische Universität Munchen - Université Technique de Munich [Munich, Allemagne] (TUM), Research Unit Analytical BioGeoChemistry (BGC), Chimie Organique et Bioorganique : Réactivité et Analyse (COBRA), Institut de Chimie Organique Fine (IRCOF), Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut national des sciences appliquées Rouen Normandie (INSA Rouen Normandie), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Normand de Chimie Moléculaire Médicinale et Macromoléculaire (INC3M), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Université Le Havre Normandie (ULH), Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Institut national des sciences appliquées Rouen Normandie (INSA Rouen Normandie), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Physico-Chimie de l'Aliment et du Vin (PCAV), Procédés Alimentaires et Microbiologiques [Dijon] (PAM), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Institut Agro Dijon, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Institut Agro Dijon, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Institut Universitaire de la Vigne et du Vin 'Jules Guyot' (IUVV Jules Guyot), Université de Bourgogne (UB), Natural History Museum [Vienna] (NHM), Department of Lithospheric Research [Wien], Universität Wien, Museum für Naturkunde [Berlin], Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Mulhouse (ENSCMu), Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA)), Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry [Budapest], Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), and Carnegie Institution for Science

Subjects
Multidisciplinary, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]
Abstract

We report a huge organic diversity in the Tissint Mars meteorite and the sampling of several mineralogical lithologies, which revealed that the organic molecules were nonuniformly distributed in functionality and abundance. The range of organics in Tissint meteorite were abundant C 3-7 aliphatic branched carboxylic acids and aldehydes, olefins, and polyaromatics with and without heteroatoms in a homologous oxidation structural continuum. Organomagnesium compounds were extremely abundant in olivine macrocrystals and in the melt veins, reflecting specific organo-synsthesis processes in close interaction with the magnesium silicates and temperature stresses, as previously observed. The diverse chemistry and abundance in complex molecules reveal heterogeneity in organic speciation within the minerals grown in the martian mantle and crust that may have evolved over geological time.

Published
2023
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4. Editorial Appreciation

Author

Lidia Van Driel-Gesztelyi, Michael Wheatland, John Leibacher, Cristina Mandrini, Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA (UMR_8109)), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Instituto de Astronomía y Física del Espacio [Buenos Aires] (IAFE), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas [Buenos Aires] (CONICET)-Universidad de Buenos Aires [Buenos Aires] (UBA), Konkoly Observatory, Research Centre for Astronomy and Earth Sciences [Budapest], Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universidad de Buenos Aires [Buenos Aires] (UBA)-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas [Buenos Aires] (CONICET), and PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
[PHYS]Physics [physics], 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Space and Planetary Science, 0103 physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract

International audience

Published
2023
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5. Guidance for creating individual and batch latinized binomial virus species names

Author

Postler, Thomas S., Rubino, Luisa, Adriaenssens, Evelien M., Dutilh, Bas E., Harrach, Balázs, Junglen, Sandra, Kropinski, Andrew M., Krupovic, Mart, Wada, Jiro, Crane, Anya, Kuhn, Jens H., Mushegian, Arcady, Rūmnieks, Jānis, Sabanadzovic, Sead, Simmonds, Peter, Varsani, Arvind, Zerbini, F. Murilo, Callanan, Julie, Draper, Lorraine A., Hill, Colin, Stockdale, Stephen R., Theoretical Biology and Bioinformatics, Sub Bioinformatics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center (CUIMC), CNR Istituto per la Protezione Sostenibile delle Piante [Torino, Italia] (IPSP), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Quadram Institute Bioscience [Norwich, U.K.] (QIB), Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC), Friedrich-Schiller-Universität = Friedrich Schiller University Jena [Jena, Germany], Utrecht University [Utrecht], Institute for Veterinary Medical Research [Budapest] (AOTI), Centre for Agricultural Research [Budapest] (ATK), Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), Humboldt University Of Berlin, University of Guelph, Virologie des archées - Archaeal Virology, Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Microbiologie Intégrative et Moléculaire (UMR6047), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), National Institutes of Health [Bethesda] (NIH), National Science Foundation [Arlington] (NSF), Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre [Rīga], Mississippi State University [Mississippi], University of Oxford, Arizona State University [Tempe] (ASU), University of Cape Town, Universidade Federal de Viçosa = Federal University of Viçosa (UFV), University College Cork (UCC), This work was supported in part through Laulima Government Solutions, LLC prime contract with the U.S. National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) under Contract No. HHSN272201800013C. A.C. and J.W. performed this work as employees or affiliates of Laulima Government Solutions, LLC. J.H.K. performed this work as an employee of Tunnell Government Services (TGS), a subcontractor of Laulima Government Solutions, LLC under Contract No. HHSN272201800013C. This publication has emanated from research conducted with the financial support of Science Foundation Ireland under grant numbers SFI/12/RC/2273_P2 and SFI/14/SP APC/B3032 (J.C., L.A.D, C.H. and S.R.S). E.M.A. gratefully acknowledges the support of the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC), this research was funded by the BBSRC Institute Strategic Program Gut Microbes and Health BB/R012490/1 and its constituent project(s) BBS/E/F/000PR10353 and BBS/E/F/000PR10356. B.E.D. was supported by the European Research Council (ERC) Consolidator grant 865694: DiversiPHI and the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation) under Germany's Excellence Strategy EXC 2051 Project-ID 390713860. B.H. is supported by the National Research, Development and Innovation Office—NKFIH (NN140356). A.R.M. is a Program Director at the U.S. National Science Foundation (NSF), but the statements and opinions expressed herein are made in the personal capacity and do not constitute the endorsement by NSF or the government of the United States. S.S. acknowledges partial support from the Special Research Initiative (MAFES) USDA-ARS project 58-6066-9-033 and the National Institute of Food and Agriculture, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Hatch Project 1021494., European Project: 865694,H2020-EU.1.1. - EXCELLENT SCIENCE - European Research Council (ERC),DiversiPHI(2020), Theoretical Biology and Bioinformatics, and Sub Bioinformatics

Subjects
Virus taxonomy, Binomial, virus nomenclature, virus taxonomy, Virus nomenclature, International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses, binomial, Ictv, ICTV, Virology, Latinization, Species name, [SDV.MP.VIR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, species name
Abstract

The International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses recently adopted, and is gradually implementing, a binomial naming format for virus species. Although full Latinization of these names remains optional, a standardized nomenclature based on Latinized binomials has the advantage of comparability with all other biological taxonomies. As a language without living native speakers, Latin is more culturally neutral than many contemporary languages, and words built from Latin roots are already widely used in the language of science across the world. Conversion of established species names to Latinized binomials or creation of Latinized binomials de novo may seem daunting, but the rules for name creation are straightforward and can be implemented in a formulaic manner. Here, we describe approaches, strategies and steps for creating Latinized binomials for virus species without prior knowledge of Latin. We also discuss a novel approach to the automated generation of large batches of novel genus and species names. Importantly, conversion to a binomial format does not affect virus names, many of which are created from local languages.

Published
2022
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6. Parallel InAs nanowires for Cooper pair splitters with Coulomb repulsion

Author

Olivér Kürtössy, Zoltán Scherübl, Gergő Fülöp, István Endre Lukács, Thomas Kanne, Jesper Nygård, Péter Makk, Szabolcs Csonka, Budapest University of Technology and Economics [Budapest] (BME), Laboratoire de Transport Electronique Quantique et Supraconductivité (LaTEQS), PHotonique, ELectronique et Ingénierie QuantiqueS (PHELIQS), Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG), Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Institute of Technical Physics and Materials Science (MFA), Centre for Energy Research [Budapest] (MTAE), Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (UCPH), and University of Basel (Unibas)

Subjects
[PHYS]Physics [physics], Condensed Matter::Materials Science, [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics, STATES, Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall), FOS: Physical sciences, SUPERCONDUCTOR, Condensed Matter Physics, Condensed Matter::Mesoscopic Systems and Quantum Hall Effect, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials
Abstract

Hybrid nanostructures consisting of two parallel InAs nanowires connected by an epitaxially grown superconductor (SC) shell recently became available. Due to the defect-free SC-semiconductor interface and the two quasi-one-dimensional channels being close by, these platforms can be utilized to spatially separate entangled pairs of electrons by using quantum dots (QD) in the so-called Cooper pair splitting (CPS) process. The minimized distance between the QDs overcomes the limitations of single-wire-based geometries and can boost the splitting efficiency. Here we investigate CPS in such a device where strong inter-dot Coulomb repulsion is also present and studied thoroughly. We analyze theoretically the slight reduction of the CPS efficiency imposed by the Coulomb interaction and compare it to the experiments. Despite the competition between crossed Andreev reflection (CAR) and inter-wire capacitance, a significant CPS signal is observed indicating the dominance of the superconducting coupling. Our results demonstrate that the application of parallel InAs nanowires with epitaxial SC is a promising route for the realization of parafermionic states relying on enhanced CAR between the wires.

Published
2022
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7. Re-reading the lithic industry of the eponymous Bábonyian site at Sajóbábony (Bükk Mountain, Hungary)

Author

Lamotte, A., Mester, Z., Histoire, Archéologie et Littérature des Mondes Anciens - UMR 8164 (HALMA), Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ministère de la Culture (MC), Institute of Archaeology [Budapest], Research Centre for The Humanities [Budapest], Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), and EAA european archaeologist association

Subjects
late middle Palaeolithic, Hungary, babonyen, sajobabony, lithic, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences
Abstract

Méhész-tető in Sajóbábony (northeastern Hungary), is an open-air site attributed to last glacial cycle. It yielded a lithic industry whose unique typo-technological composition gave rise to the classification of Bábonyian by Á. Ringer in 1983 and later in 2001. This Middle Palaeolithic cultural facies is characterised by leafpoints, Micoquian bifacial tools, Bábonyian knives and discoidal debitage resulting from flake production. The raw material used for both shaped tools and flake production is mainly quartz-porphyre.Méhész-tető has been excavated several times by different prehistorians between 1975 and 1997 but unfortunately nothing has been published since 2000 so consequently, we were unfamiliar with the lithic composition, techno-economy datas of the industry, spatial distribution of the artefacts, and thereby did not possess any hypotheses regarding site function. In 2019, however, this began to change. Firstly, we re-analysed all past collections from Toth Lajos and Arpád Ringer and, secondly was born a new international programme of excavations led by A. Lamotte and Zs. Mester, started at the site with a planned duration of 4 years (2019-2022) with many aims. Among them, this new programme permitted us to provide a better typo-technological characterisation of the industry and allowed us to compare all previous and current excavations (1986, 1997 and 2019-2022), using the same methods like metric, geometric morphometric, raw materials and chaine operatoire. Each excavation yielded considerable numbers of artefacts scattered over 12 m2. Significantly, with this information, we were able to discuss the spatial distribution of each lithic category, the raw materials, make hypotheses regarding the daily activities carried out at the site and finally discuss about the Culture.

Published
2022

8. Wear analysis of the lithic material from Sajóbábony Méhésztetö, Hungary

Author

Borel, A, Mester, Zs, Lamotte, A., Histoire naturelle de l'Homme préhistorique (HNHP), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institute of Archaeology [Budapest], Research Centre for The Humanities [Budapest], Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), Histoire, Archéologie et Littérature des Mondes Anciens - UMR 8164 (HALMA), Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ministère de la Culture (MC), and EAA european archaeologist association

Subjects
Hungary, wear analysis, quartz porphyry, palaeolithic, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences
Abstract

New excavations of the site of Sajóbábony Méhésztetö (Hungary, Bükk Mountains), the eponym site of the Bábonyian culture, have been carried out since 2019 in the frame of the French-Hungarian program of the French Ministry for Europe and Foreign Affairs. The revaluation of the site, aiming at characterizing the subsistence behaviours of its occupants, implies a thorough understanding of the function(s) of the stone artefacts. We propose here to present an extensive wear analysis carried out on the collections provided by the 2019 and 2021 excavations. The lithic material of Hungarian Palaeolithic archaeological sites has been the subject of only very few wear analyses. Moreover, no reference collection was so far accessible for the raw materials specific to the region, quartz-porphyry and limnosilicite in particular. Therefore, we will first present the ongoing experimental program which will later allow more detailed, qualitative and quantitative, examination of the surfaces of the artefacts. Through the microscopic screening of the stone pieces, we already classified them in four categories depending on the presence and clarity of the use traces. This first level of observation provides an insight of the spatial distribution and stratigraphical repartition of the use and about the relationship between tool raw material and use. The current results show clear discrepancies in terms of use micropolish development depending on the raw material of the tool. This raises questions concerning the proper function of the artifacts (more intensive use of the tools made of limnosilicite?) but can also be the result of a different development of the traces on the different raw materials or even of the technologies used for the observations. This will be discussed taking into account the new experimental data. The experimental program is supported by the NRDI Fund (K 132857), Hungary.

Published
2022

9. Recent data from Sajóbábony-Méhész-tetö open-air site : chronostratigraphy and palaeoenvironmental records of the eponymous Bábonyian (Hungary)

Author

Salvador, P.-G., Novothny, A., Fonai, M., Marcoux, N., Bout-Roumazeilles, V., Berger, J.-F., Lamotte, A., Mester, Zs., Territoires, Villes, Environnement & Société - ULR 4477 (TVES), Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Université de Lille, Institute of Geography and Earth Sciences [Budapest], Faculty of Sciences [Budapest], Eötvös Loránd University (ELTE)-Eötvös Loránd University (ELTE), Civilisations atlantiques & Archéosciences (C2A), Université de Rennes (UR)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Nantes - UFR Histoire, Histoire de l'Art et Archéologie (UFR HHAA), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN), Laboratoire d’Océanologie et de Géosciences (LOG) - UMR 8187 (LOG), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Nord]), Environnement, Ville, Société (EVS), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-École des Mines de Saint-Étienne (Mines Saint-Étienne MSE), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)-Université Jean Moulin - Lyon 3 (UJML), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-École Nationale des Travaux Publics de l'État (ENTPE)-École nationale supérieure d'architecture de Lyon (ENSAL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Histoire, Archéologie et Littérature des Mondes Anciens - UMR 8164 (HALMA), Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ministère de la Culture (MC), Histoire naturelle de l'Homme préhistorique (HNHP), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institute of Archaeology [Budapest], Research Centre for The Humanities [Budapest], Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), and EAA european archaeologist association

Subjects
sediments, hill, geomorphology, dating, paleogeography, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences
Abstract

The Sajóbábony site of Méhész-tetö is situated at about 207 m above sea level on the highest point of a small hill which forms the north-eastern end of the foothills of the Bükk mountains. The Sajó is the main river in the area. Several previous excavations have taken place at Méhész-tetö, none of which provided any clear description of the stratigraphy or linking the site to the environment of the hill. A new field campaign, which started in 2019 still in progress, has made the reinvestigation of many studies possible, like the composition of clays, the characterisation of charcoal, the magnetism of the sediments and their composition elemental variations (XRF) and datings. A medium scale geomorphological study was carried out with the aim of integrating the archaeological site and its immediate environment. The study consisted of 5 manually dug holes (3 m deep) situated across the slope of the hill. Our objective was to check the conservation of the first pedostratigraphic observations. Next to the main excavation (12 m2), a manual open-hole-survey was also conducted. This revealed stratigraphy (2 m long by 1.80 m deep) from which a sedimentary column of 36 samples and 6 OSL dates were collected. The principal outcomes of our investigation demonstrated the development of a silty sequence older than 243 ka and also identified the last glacial/interglacial cycle (Eemian/Weichselian) in which the archaeological occupation levels were located. Using a multidisciplinary approach and original data, the purpose of this communication is to review the environmental evolution of the site in order to clarify the chronology of environmental and human events.

Published
2022

10. The OPTICON A2IM Cookbook: an introduction to additive manufacture for astronomy

Author

Carolyn Atkins, Bart van de Vorst, Andrew Conley, Szigfrid Farkas, Emmanuel Hugot, György Mező, Katherine Morris, Mélanie Roulet, Robert M. Snell, Fabio Tenegi Sanginés, Iain Todd, Afrodisio Vega-Moreno, Hermine Schnetler, UK Astronomy Technology Centre (UK ATC), Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC), University of Sheffield [Sheffield], Daresbury Laboratory, Konkoly Observatory, Research Centre for Astronomy and Earth Sciences [Budapest], Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille (LAM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias (IAC)

Subjects
OPTICON, open access, [PHYS]Physics [physics], Additive manufacture, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], metal mirrors, 3D printing, lightweight mirrors
Abstract

International audience; Additive manufacture (AM), also known as 3D printing, builds an object, layer-by-layer, from a digital design file. The primary advantage of the layer-by-layer approach is the increase in design-space, which enables engineers and scientists to create structures and geometries that would not be practical, or possible, via conventional subtractive machining (mill, drill and lathe). AM provides more than prototyping solutions: there are a broad range of materials available (polymers, metals and ceramics); software capable of creating lightweight structures optimised for the physical environment; and numerous bureaux offering AM as a service on a par with subtractive machining. In addition, AM is an ideal method for bespoke, low-count parts, which are often the foundation of astronomical instrumentation. However, AM offers many challenges as well as benefits and, therefore, the goal of the OPTICON A2IM Cookbook is to provide the reader with a resource that outlines the scope of AM and how to adopt it within astronomical hardware, with an emphasis on the fabrication of lightweight mirrors. The Cookbook was an open access deliverable of the EU H2020 funded OPTICON (Optical Infrared Coordination Network for Astronomy; grant agreement #730890) A2IM (Additive Astronomy Integrated-component Manufacturing; PI H. Schnetler) work package and it was completed in June 2021. This paper will introduce the Cookbook, its scope and methodology, and highlight the paradigm shift required to design and AM lightweight mirrors for astronomy and space-science.

Published
2022
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11. MELAS syndrome causes glutamate and tricarboxylic acid cycle dysfunctions alleviated by ketone body treatment

Author

Belal, Sophie, Goudenège, David, Bocca, Cinzia, Dumont, Florent, Chao de la Barca, Juan Manuel, Desquiret-Dumas, Valérie, Gueguen, Naïg, Geffroy, Guillaume, Benyahia, Rayane, Kane, Selma, Khiati, Salim, Bris, Céline, Aranyi, Tamas, Stockholm, Daniel, Inisan, Aurore, Renaud, Aurélie, Barth, Magalie, Simard, Gilles, Reynier, Pascal, Letournel, Franck, Lenaers, Guy, Bonneau, Dominique, Chevrollier, Arnaud, Procaccio, Vincent, MitoVasc - Physiopathologie Cardiovasculaire et Mitochondriale (MITOVASC), Université d'Angers (UA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Unité de Physiologie Fonctionnelle des Organismes Marins, Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER), Laboratoire de Biologie Intégrative des Modèles Marins (LBI2M), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Station biologique de Roscoff (SBR), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Ingénierie et Plateformes au Service de l'Innovation Thérapeutique (IPSIT), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire d'Angers (CHU Angers), PRES Université Nantes Angers Le Mans (UNAM), SFR UA 4208 Interactions Cellulaires et Applications Thérapeutiques (ICAT), Université d'Angers (UA), Biologie Neurovasculaire et Mitochondriale Intégrée (BNMI), Institute of Enzymology [Budapest], Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), Approches génétiques intégrées et nouvelles thérapies pour les maladies rares (INTEGRARE), École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne (UEVE)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Généthon, Stress Oxydant et Pathologies Métaboliques (SOPAM), and Université d'Angers (UA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)

Subjects
Multi-omics, mtDNA, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Mitochondrial diseases, Glutamate, MELAS syndrome
Abstract

International audience; (1) Background: The development of mitochondrial medicine has been severely impeded by a lack of effective therapies. (2) Methods: To better understand Mitochondrial Encephalopathy Lactic Acidosis Syndrome Stroke-like episodes (MELAS) syndrome, neuronal cybrid cells carrying different mutation loads of the m.3243A > G mitochondrial DNA variant were analysed using a multi-omic approach. (3) Results: Specific metabolomic signatures revealed that the glutamate pathway was significantly increased in MELAS cells with a direct correlation between glutamate concentration and the m.3243A > G heteroplasmy level. Transcriptomic analysis in mutant cells further revealed alterations in specific gene clusters, including those of the glutamate, gamma-aminobutyric acid pathways, and tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle. These results were supported by post-mortem brain tissue analysis from a MELAS patient, confirming the glutamate dysregulation. Exposure of MELAS cells to ketone bodies significantly reduced the glutamate level and improved mitochondrial functions, reducing the accumulation of several intermediate metabolites of the TCA cycle and alleviating the NADH-redox imbalance. (4) Conclusions: Thus, a multi-omic integrated approach to MELAS cells revealed glutamate as a promising disease biomarker, while also indicating that a ketogenic diet should be tested in MELAS patients.

Published
2022
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12. Evolution of the Ciomadul Volcanic Field—Lava Domes and Explosive Eruptions

Author

Dávid Karátson, Daniel Veres, Pierre Lahitte, Tamás Telbisz, Sabine Wulf, Ralf Gertisser, Stéphane Dibacto, Balázs Kiss, Enikő K. Magyari, Ágnes Novothny, Csaba Jánosi, Eötvös Loránd University (ELTE), Géosciences Paris Saclay (GEOPS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Portmouth University, School of Physical & Geographical Sciences, Keele University, Centre européen de recherche et d'enseignement des géosciences de l'environnement (CEREGE), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), GINOP Sustainable Ecosystem Research Group, MTA Centre for Ecological Research [Tihany], Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), MTA-MTM-ELTE Research Group for Paleontology, Eötvös Loránd University (ELTE)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), and Department of Environmental and Landscape Geography

Subjects
[SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2022
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13. BeStSel: webserver for secondary structure and fold prediction for protein CD spectroscopy

Author

András Micsonai, Éva Moussong, Frank Wien, Eszter Boros, Henrietta Vadászi, Nikoletta Murvai, Young-Ho Lee, Tamás Molnár, Matthieu Réfrégiers, Yuji Goto, Ágnes Tantos, József Kardos, Eötvös Loránd University (ELTE), Synchrotron SOLEIL (SSOLEIL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institute of Enzymology [Budapest], Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), Korea Basic Science Institute (KBSI), University of Science and Technology [Daejeon] (UST), Chungnam National University (CNU), Centre de biophysique moléculaire (CBM), Université d'Orléans (UO)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Osaka University [Osaka], and Refregiers, Matthieu

Subjects
[SDV.BBM.BS]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Structural Biology [q-bio.BM], [SDV.BBM.BS] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Structural Biology [q-bio.BM], Genetics
Abstract

Circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy is widely used to characterize the secondary structure composition of proteins. To derive accurate and detailed structural information from the CD spectra, we have developed the Beta Structure Selection (BeStSel) method (PNAS, 112, E3095), which can handle the spectral diversity of β-structured proteins. The BeStSel webserver provides this method with useful accessories to the community with the main goal to analyze single or multiple protein CD spectra. Uniquely, BeStSel provides information on eight secondary structure components including parallel β-structure and antiparallel β-sheets with three different groups of twist. It overperforms any available method in accuracy and information content, moreover, it is capable of predicting the protein fold down to the topology/homology level of the CATH classification. A new module of the webserver helps to distinguish intrinsically disordered proteins by their CD spectrum. Secondary structure calculation for uploaded PDB files will help the experimental verification of protein MD and in silico modelling using CD spectroscopy. The server also calculates extinction coefficients from the primary sequence for CD users to determine the accurate protein concentrations which is a prerequisite for reliable secondary structure determination. The BeStSel server can be freely accessed at https://bestsel.elte.hu.

Published
2022
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