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32 results on '"Hutley, Lindsay B."'

1. Tallo: A global tree allometry and crown architecture database

Author

Jucker, Tommaso, Fischer, Fabian Jörg, Chave, Jérôme, Coomes, David A, Caspersen, John, Ali, Arshad, Panzou, Grace Jopaul Loubota, Feldpausch, Ted R, Falster, Daniel, Usoltsev, Vladimir A, Adu‐Bredu, Stephen, Alves, Luciana F, Aminpour, Mohammad, Angoboy, Ilondea B, Anten, Niels PR, Antin, Cécile, Askari, Yousef, Muñoz, Rodrigo, Ayyappan, Narayanan, Balvanera, Patricia, Banin, Lindsay, Barbier, Nicolas, Battles, John J, Beeckman, Hans, Bocko, Yannick E, Bond‐Lamberty, Ben, Bongers, Frans, Bowers, Samuel, Brade, Thomas, Breugel, Michiel, Chantrain, Arthur, Chaudhary, Rajeev, Dai, Jingyu, Dalponte, Michele, Dimobe, Kangbéni, Domec, Jean‐Christophe, Doucet, Jean‐Louis, Duursma, Remko A, Enríquez, Moisés, Ewijk, Karin Y, Farfán‐Rios, William, Fayolle, Adeline, Forni, Eric, Forrester, David I, Gilani, Hammad, Godlee, John L, Gourlet‐Fleury, Sylvie, Haeni, Matthias, Hall, Jefferson S, He, Jie‐Kun, Hemp, Andreas, Hernández‐Stefanoni, José L, Higgins, Steven I, Holdaway, Robert J, Hussain, Kiramat, Hutley, Lindsay B, Ichie, Tomoaki, Iida, Yoshiko, Jiang, Hai‐sheng, Joshi, Puspa Raj, Kaboli, Hasan, Larsary, Maryam Kazempour, Kenzo, Tanaka, Kloeppel, Brian D, Kohyama, Takashi, Kunwar, Suwash, Kuyah, Shem, Kvasnica, Jakub, Lin, Siliang, Lines, Emily R, Liu, Hongyan, Lorimer, Craig, Loumeto, Jean‐Joël, Malhi, Yadvinder, Marshall, Peter L, Mattsson, Eskil, Matula, Radim, Meave, Jorge A, Mensah, Sylvanus, Mi, Xiangcheng, Momo, Stéphane, Moncrieff, Glenn R, Mora, Francisco, Nissanka, Sarath P, O'Hara, Kevin L, Pearce, Steven, Pelissier, Raphaël, Peri, Pablo L, Ploton, Pierre, Poorter, Lourens, Pour, Mohsen Javanmiri, Pourbabaei, Hassan, Dupuy‐Rada, Juan Manuel, Ribeiro, Sabina C, Ryan, Casey, Sanaei, Anvar, Sanger, Jennifer, Schlund, Michael, Sellan, Giacomo, and Shenkin, Alexander

Subjects
Life on Land, Biomass, Carbon, Carbon Cycle, Ecosystem, Forests, Trees, allometric scaling, crown radius, forest biomass stocks, forest ecology, remote sensing, stem diameter, tree height, Environmental Sciences, Biological Sciences, Ecology
Abstract

Data capturing multiple axes of tree size and shape, such as a tree's stem diameter, height and crown size, underpin a wide range of ecological research-from developing and testing theory on forest structure and dynamics, to estimating forest carbon stocks and their uncertainties, and integrating remote sensing imagery into forest monitoring programmes. However, these data can be surprisingly hard to come by, particularly for certain regions of the world and for specific taxonomic groups, posing a real barrier to progress in these fields. To overcome this challenge, we developed the Tallo database, a collection of 498,838 georeferenced and taxonomically standardized records of individual trees for which stem diameter, height and/or crown radius have been measured. These data were collected at 61,856 globally distributed sites, spanning all major forested and non-forested biomes. The majority of trees in the database are identified to species (88%), and collectively Tallo includes data for 5163 species distributed across 1453 genera and 187 plant families. The database is publicly archived under a CC-BY 4.0 licence and can be access from: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6637599. To demonstrate its value, here we present three case studies that highlight how the Tallo database can be used to address a range of theoretical and applied questions in ecology-from testing the predictions of metabolic scaling theory, to exploring the limits of tree allometric plasticity along environmental gradients and modelling global variation in maximum attainable tree height. In doing so, we provide a key resource for field ecologists, remote sensing researchers and the modelling community working together to better understand the role that trees play in regulating the terrestrial carbon cycle.

Published
2022

2. Widespread retreat of coastal habitat is likely at warming levels above 1.5 °C

Author

Saintilan, Neil, Horton, Benjamin, Törnqvist, Torbjörn E., Ashe, Erica L., Khan, Nicole S., Schuerch, Mark, Perry, Chris, Kopp, Robert E., Garner, Gregory G., Murray, Nicholas, Rogers, Kerrylee, Albert, Simon, Kelleway, Jeffrey, Shaw, Timothy A., Woodroffe, Colin D., Lovelock, Catherine E., Goddard, Madeline M., Hutley, Lindsay B., Kovalenko, Katya, Feher, Laura, and Guntenspergen, Glenn

Published
2023
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7. Cavitron extraction of xylem water suggests cryogenic extraction biases vary across species but are independent of tree water stress.

Author

Duvert, Clément, Barbeta, Adrià, Hutley, Lindsay B., Rodriguez, Leidy, Irvine, Dylan J., and Taylor, Andrew R.

Subjects
XYLEM, ISOTOPIC signatures, ISOTOPIC analysis, WATER levels, TROPICAL conditions
Abstract

Cryogenic vacuum distillation (CVD) is a widely used technique for extracting plant water from stems for isotopic analysis, but concerns about potential isotopic biases have emerged. Here, we leverage the Cavitron centrifugation technique to extract xylem water and compare its isotopic signature to that of CVD‐extracted bulk stem water as well as source water. Conducted under field conditions in tropical northern Australia, our study spans seven tree species naturally experiencing a range of water stress levels. Our findings reveal a significant deuterium bias in CVD‐extracted bulk stem water when compared to xylem water (median bias −14.9‰), whereas xylem water closely aligned with source water (median offset −1.9‰). We find substantial variations in deuterium bias among the seven tree species (bias ranging from −19.3‰ to −9.1‰), but intriguingly, CVD‐induced biases were unrelated to environmental factors such as relative stem water content and predawn leaf water potential. These results imply that inter‐specific differences may be driven by anatomical traits rather than tree hydraulic functioning. Additionally, our data highlight the potential to use a site‐specific deuterium offset, based on the isotopic signature of local source water, for correcting CVD‐induced biases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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8. Seasonal Wetlands Make a Relatively Limited Contribution to the Dissolved Carbon Pool of a Lowland Headwater Tropical Stream.

Author

Solano, Vanessa, Duvert, Clément, Hutley, Lindsay B., Cendón, Dioni I., Maher, Damien T., and Birkel, Christian

Subjects
WETLANDS, RIPARIAN forests, FORESTED wetlands, WETLAND soils, FOREST soils, CARBON emissions
Abstract

Wetlands process large amounts of carbon (C) that can be exported laterally to streams and rivers. However, our understanding of wetland inputs to streams remains unclear, particularly in tropical systems. Here we estimated the contribution of seasonal wetlands to the C pool of a lowland headwater stream in the Australian tropics. We measured dissolved organic and inorganic C (DOC and DIC) and dissolved gases (carbon dioxide—CO2, methane—CH4) during the wet season along the mainstem and in wetland drains connected to the stream. We also recorded hourly measurements of dissolved CO2 along a 'stream–wetland drain–stream' continuum, and used a hydrological model combined with a simple mass balance approach to assess the water, DIC and DOC sources to the stream. Seasonal wetlands contributed ∼15% and ∼16% of the DOC and DIC loads during our synoptic sampling, slightly higher than the percent area (∼9%) they occupy in the catchment. The riparian forest (75% of the DOC load) and groundwater inflows (58% of the DIC load) were identified as the main sources of stream DOC and DIC. Seasonal wetlands also contributed marginally to stream CO2 and CH4. Importantly, the rates of stream CO2 emission (1.86 g C s−1) and DOC mineralization (0.33 g C s−1) were much lower than the downstream export of DIC (6.39 g C s−1) and DOC (2.66 g g C s−1). This work highlights the need for further research on the role of riparian corridors as producers and conduits of terrestrial C to tropical streams. Plain Language Summary: Streams and rivers play a vital role in carrying carbon to oceans. This carbon can originate from biological processes in the water or from external sources like rocks, forest and wetland soils. The proportion of carbon from each source depends on factors such as the local geology, climate, and landscape. In this study, we measured how much of the carbon transported by an Australian tropical stream was sourced from the wetlands in the catchment. We found that seasonal wetlands contributed ∼15% of the carbon measured in the stream. We conclude that the main sources of carbon to the stream were the riparian forest, and rock‐derived carbon carried by groundwater. Key Points: Synoptic sampling of DIC, DOC and dissolved C gases along a tropical stream and connected wetlandsSeasonal wetlands contributed ∼15% and 16% of the stream DOC and DIC loadsThe riparian forest and groundwater inflows were likely the main sources of DOC and DIC to the stream, respectively [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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9. Vertical Accretion Trends in Australian Tidal Wetlands

Author

Saintilan, Neil, primary, Sun, Yujie, additional, Lovelock, Catherine E., additional, Rogers, Kerrylee, additional, Goddard, Madeline, additional, Hutley, Lindsay B., additional, Kelleway, Jeffrey, additional, Mosley, Luke, additional, Dittmann, Sabine, additional, Cormier, Nicole, additional, Lal, Kirti K., additional, and Jones, Alice, additional

Published
2023
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11. An Australian blue carbon method to estimate climate change mitigation benefits of coastal wetland restoration

Author

Lovelock, Catherine E., Adame, Maria F., Bradley, Jennifer, Dittmann, Sabine, Hagger, Valerie, Hickey, Sharyn M., Hutley, Lindsay B., Jones, Alice, Kelleway, Jeffrey J., Lavery, Paul S., Macreadie, Peter I., Maher, Damien T., McGinley, Soraya, McGlashan, Alice, Perry, Sarah, Mosley, Luke, Rogers, Kerrylee, Sippo, James Z., Lovelock, Catherine E., Adame, Maria F., Bradley, Jennifer, Dittmann, Sabine, Hagger, Valerie, Hickey, Sharyn M., Hutley, Lindsay B., Jones, Alice, Kelleway, Jeffrey J., Lavery, Paul S., Macreadie, Peter I., Maher, Damien T., McGinley, Soraya, McGlashan, Alice, Perry, Sarah, Mosley, Luke, Rogers, Kerrylee, and Sippo, James Z.

Abstract

Restoration of coastal wetlands has the potential to deliver both climate change mitigation, called blue carbon, and adaptation benefits to coastal communities, as well as supporting biodiversity and providing additional ecosystem services. Valuing carbon sequestration may incentivize restoration projects; however, it requires development of rigorous methods for quantifying blue carbon sequestered during coastal wetland restoration. We describe the development of a blue carbon accounting model (BlueCAM) used within the Tidal Restoration of Blue Carbon Ecosystems Methodology Determination 2022 of the Emissions Reduction Fund (ERF), which is Australia's voluntary carbon market scheme. The new BlueCAM uses Australian data to estimate abatement from carbon and greenhouse gas sources and sinks arising from coastal wetland restoration (via tidal restoration) and aligns with the Intergovernmental Panel for Climate Change guidelines for national greenhouse gas inventories. BlueCAM includes carbon sequestered in soils and biomass and avoided emissions from alternative land uses. A conservative modeled approach was used to provide estimates of abatement (as opposed to on-ground measurements); and in doing so, this will reduce the costs associated with monitoring and verification for ERF projects and may increase participation in blue carbon projects by Australian landholders. BlueCAM encompasses multiple climate regions and plant communities and therefore may be useful to others outside Australia seeking to value blue carbon benefits from coastal wetland restoration.

Published
2023

13. The 10 Australian ecosystems most vulnerable to tipping points

Author

Laurance, William F, Dell, Bernard, Gawne, Ben, McMahon, Clive R, Yu, Richard, Hero, Jean-Marc, Schwarzkopf, Lin, Krockenberger, Andrew, Setterfield, Samantha A, Douglas, Michael, Silvester, Ewen, Mahony, Michael, Turton, Stephen M, Vella, Karen, Saikia, Udoy, Wahren, Carl-Henrik, Xu, Zhihong, Smith, Bradley, Cocklin, Chris, Lawes, Michael J, Hutley, Lindsay B, McCallum, Hamish, Dale, Patricia, Bird, Michael, Hardy, Giles, and Prideaux, Gavin

Abstract

MDFRC item.DOI:10.1016/j.biocon.2011.01.016.May 2011.We identify the 10 major terrestrial and marine ecosystems in Australia most vulnerable to tipping points, in which modest environmental changes can cause disproportionately large changes in ecosystem properties. To accomplish this we independently surveyed the coauthors of this paper to produce a list of candidate ecosystems, and then refined this list during a 2-day workshop. The list includes (1) elevationally restricted mountain ecosystems, (2) tropical savannas, (3) coastal floodplains and wetlands, (4) coral reefs, (5) drier rainforests, (6) wetlands and floodplains in the Murray-Darling Basin, (7) the Mediterranean ecosystems of southwestern Australia, (8) offshore islands, (9) temperate eucalypt forests, and (10) salt marshes and mangroves. Some of these ecosystems are vulnerable to widespread phase-changes that could fundamentally alter ecosystem properties such as habitat structure, species composition, fire regimes, or carbon storage. Others appear susceptible to major changes across only part of their geographic range, whereas yet others are susceptible to a large-scale decline of key biotic components, such as small mammals or stream-dwelling amphibians. For each ecosystem we consider the intrinsic features and external drivers that render it susceptible to tipping points, and identify subtypes of the ecosystem that we deem to be especially vulnerable.

Published
2023
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14. Termite sensitivity to temperature affects global wood decay rates

Author

Zanne, Amy E, Flores-Moreno, Habacuc, Powell, Jeff R, Cornwell, William K, Dalling, James W, Austin, Amy T, Classen, Aimée T, Eggleton, Paul, Okada, Kei-Ichi, Parr, Catherine L, Adair, E Carol, Adu-Bredu, Stephen, Alam, Md Azharul, Alvarez-Garzón, Carolina, Apgaua, Deborah, Aragón, Roxana, Ardon, Marcelo, Arndt, Stefan K, Ashton, Louise A, Barber, Nicholas A, Beauchêne, Jacques, Berg, Matty P, Beringer, Jason, Boer, Matthias M, Bonet, José Antonio, Bunney, Katherine, Burkhardt, Tynan J, Carvalho, Dulcinéia, Castillo-Figueroa, Dennis, Cernusak, Lucas A, Cheesman, Alexander W, Cirne-Silva, Tainá M, Cleverly, Jamie R, Cornelissen, Johannes H C, Curran, Timothy J, D'Angioli, André M, Dallstream, Caroline, Eisenhauer, Nico, Evouna Ondo, Fidele, Fajardo, Alex, Fernandez, Romina D, Ferrer, Astrid, Fontes, Marco A L, Galatowitsch, Mark L, González, Grizelle, Gottschall, Felix, Grace, Peter R, Granda, Elena, Griffiths, Hannah M, Guerra Lara, Mariana, Hasegawa, Motohiro, Hefting, Mariet M, Hinko-Najera, Nina, Hutley, Lindsay B, Jones, Jennifer, Kahl, Anja, Karan, Mirko, Keuskamp, Joost A, Lardner, Tim, Liddell, Michael, Macfarlane, Craig, Macinnis-Ng, Cate, Mariano, Ravi F, Méndez, M Soledad, Meyer, Wayne S, Mori, Akira S, Moura, Aloysio S, Northwood, Matthew, Ogaya, Romà, Oliveira, Rafael S, Orgiazzi, Alberto, Pardo, Juliana, Peguero, Guille, Penuelas, Josep, Perez, Luis I, Posada, Juan M, Prada, Cecilia M, Přívětivý, Tomáš, Prober, Suzanne M, Prunier, Jonathan, Quansah, Gabriel W, Resco de Dios, Víctor, Richter, Ronny, Robertson, Mark P, Rocha, Lucas F, Rúa, Megan A, Sarmiento, Carolina, Silberstein, Richard P, Silva, Mateus C, Siqueira, Flávia Freire, Stillwagon, Matthew Glenn, Stol, Jacqui, Taylor, Melanie K, Teste, François P, Tng, David Y P, Tucker, David, Türke, Manfred, Ulyshen, Michael D, Valverde-Barrantes, Oscar J, van den Berg, Eduardo, van Logtestijn, Richard S P, Veen, G F Ciska, Vogel, Jason G, Wardlaw, Timothy J, Wiehl, Georg, Wirth, Christian, Woods, Michaela J, Zalamea, Paul-Camilo, Ecology and Biodiversity, Sub Ecology and Biodiversity, Ecology and Biodiversity, Sub Ecology and Biodiversity, Conservation Ecology Group, Animal Ecology, Systems Ecology, and Terrestrial Ecology (TE)

Subjects
Tropical Climate, Multidisciplinary, Temperature, Isoptera, Forests, Wood, Global Warming, Carbon Cycle, Tròpics--Clima, Explotació forestal, Cicle del carboni, Animals, Wood/microbiology, General
Abstract

Deadwood is a large global carbon store with its store size partially determined by biotic decay. Microbial wood decay rates are known to respond to changing temperature and precipitation. Termites are also important decomposers in the tropics but are less well studied. An understanding of their climate sensitivities is needed to estimate climate change effects on wood carbon pools. Using data from 133 sites spanning six continents, we found that termite wood discovery and consumption were highly sensitive to temperature (with decay increasing >6.8 times per 10°C increase in temperature)—even more so than microbes. Termite decay effects were greatest in tropical seasonal forests, tropical savannas, and subtropical deserts. With tropicalization (i.e., warming shifts to tropical climates), termite wood decay will likely increase as termites access more of Earth’s surface. This study received support from the following sources: US National Science Foundation (NSF) DEB-1655759 (A.E.Z.); US NSF DEB-2149151 (A.E.Z.); US NSF DEB-1713502 (M.A.); US NSF DEB-1713435 (M.A.); US NSF DEB-1647502 (N.A.B.); US NSF DEB-1546686 (G.G.); US NSF DEB-1831952 (G.G.); George Washington University (A.E.Z.); USDA Forest Service (G.G.); Centre College Faculty Development Funds (M.L.G.); Australia Terrestrial Ecosystem Research Network National Collaborative Research Infrastructure Strategy (P.R.G., M.K., M.L., M.M.B., R.P.S., J.S., L.B.H., M.N., S.M.P., T.J.W., and S.K.A.); Royal Society-FCDO Africa Capacity Building Initiative (C.L.P., G.W.Q., S.A.-B., K.B., F.E.O., and M.P.R.); New Phytologist Foundation (A.T.A.); Fondecyt grant 1160329 (C.D.); Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior, Brasil (CAPES) (E.v.d.B., A.S.Mou., R.F.M., F.F.S., T.M.C.-S., R.S.O., and A.M.D.); Department of Ecology and Conservation of the Federal University of Lavras (T.M.C.-S.); CNPq (E.v.d.B. and R.S.O.); FAPEMIG (E.v.d.B.); Australian Academy of Science 2017 Thomas Davies Research Grant (J.R.P.); Australian Research Council DP160103765 (W.K.C., J.R.P., and A.E.Z.); UK National Environment Research Council NE/L000016/1 (L.A.A.); Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo, Brazil NERC - FAPESP 19/07773-1 (R.S.O. and A.M.D.); Environment Research and Technology Development Fund ERTDF, JPMEERF15S11420 of the Environmental Restoration and Conservation Agency of Japan (A.S.Mor. and K.O.); COLCIENCIAS no. FP44842-046-2017 (J.M.P.); Spanish government PID2019-110521GB-I00 (J.Pe., G.P., and R.O.); Catalan government grant SGR 2017-1005 (J.Pe., G.P., and R.O.); Fundación Ramón Areces ELEMENTAL-CLIMATE (J.Pe., G.P., and R.O.); National Agency for the Promotion of Research, Technological Development and Innovation, Scientific and Technological Research Project 2018-01561 PICT 2018-01561 (F.P.T.); ANID PIA/BASAL FB210006 (A.Fa.); Millennium Science Initiative Program NCN2021-050 (A.Fa.); iDiv German Research Foundation DFG–FZT 118, 202548816 (N.E.); and European Research Council Horizon 2020 research and innovation program no. 677232 (N.E.).

Published
2022

16. Stream respiration exceeds CO2 evasion in a low‐energy, oligotrophic tropical stream.

Author

Solano, Vanessa, Duvert, Clément, Birkel, Christian, Maher, Damien T., García, Erica A., and Hutley, Lindsay B.

Subjects
RESPIRATION, CARBON dioxide, HIGH temperatures
Abstract

Carbon dioxide (CO2) can be either imported to streams through groundwater and subsurface inputs of soil‐respired CO2 or produced internally through stream metabolism. The contribution of each source to the CO2 evasion flux from streams is not well quantified, especially in the tropics, an underrepresented region in carbon (C) cycling studies. We used high‐frequency measurements of dissolved O2 and CO2 concentrations to estimate the potential contribution of stream metabolism to the CO2 evasion flux in a tropical lowland headwater stream. We found that the stream was heterotrophic all year round, with net ecosystem productivity (NEP) values ranging from 0.84 to 4.06 g C m−2 d−1 (median 1.29 g C m−2 d−1; here we expressed gross primary productivity (GPP) as a negative flux and ecosystem respiration (ER) as a positive flux). Positive NEP values were the result of a relatively low and stable GPP through the seasons, compared to a higher and more variable ER favored by the high temperatures and organic matter availability, particularly during the wet season. The CO2 evasion flux was relatively low due to low turbulence (median: 1.09 g C m−2 d−1). As a result, daily NEP rates exceeded the CO2 evasion flux with a potential contribution of 129% (median; 120–175% interquartile range), despite the strong seasonal changes in flow regime and landscape connectivity. The CO2 excess was likely transported downstream, where it was ultimately emitted to the atmosphere. Our results highlight the overwhelming importance of ER to the C cycle of low‐energy, oligotrophic tropical streams. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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17. An Australian blue carbon method to estimate climate change mitigation benefits of coastal wetland restoration

Author

Lovelock, Catherine E., primary, Adame, Maria F., additional, Bradley, Jennifer, additional, Dittmann, Sabine, additional, Hagger, Valerie, additional, Hickey, Sharyn M., additional, Hutley, Lindsay B., additional, Jones, Alice, additional, Kelleway, Jeffrey J., additional, Lavery, Paul S., additional, Macreadie, Peter I., additional, Maher, Damien T., additional, McGinley, Soraya, additional, McGlashan, Alice, additional, Perry, Sarah, additional, Mosley, Luke, additional, Rogers, Kerrylee, additional, and Sippo, James Z., additional

Published
2022
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18. Bridge to the future: Important lessons from 20 years of ecosystem observations made by the OzFlux network

Author

Beringer, Jason, Moore, Caitlin E., Cleverly, Jamie, Campbell, David I., Cleugh, Helen, De Kauwe, Martin G., Kirschbaum, Miko U. F., Griebel, Anne, Grover, Sam, Huete, Alfredo, Hutley, Lindsay B., Laubach, Johannes, Van Niel, Tom, Arndt, Stefan K., Bennett, Alison C., Cernusak, Lucas A., Eamus, Derek, Ewenz, Cacilia M., Goodrich, Jordan P., Jiang, Mingkai, Hinko-Najera, Nina, Isaac, Peter, Hobeichi, Sanaa, Knauer, Jürgen, Koerber, Georgia R., Liddell, Michael, Ma, Xuanlong, Macfarlane, Craig, McHugh, Ian D., Medlyn, Belinda E., Meyer, Wayne S., Norton, Alexander J., Owens, Jyoteshna, Pitman, Andy, Pendall, Elise, Prober, Suzanne M., Ray, Ram L., Restrepo-Coupe, Natalia, Rifai, Sami W., Rowlings, David, Schipper, Louis, Silberstein, Richard P., Teckentrup, Lina, Thompson, Sally E., Ukkola, Anna M., Wall, Aaron, Wang, Ying-Ping, Wardlaw, Tim J., Woodgate, William, Beringer, Jason, Moore, Caitlin E., Cleverly, Jamie, Campbell, David I., Cleugh, Helen, De Kauwe, Martin G., Kirschbaum, Miko U. F., Griebel, Anne, Grover, Sam, Huete, Alfredo, Hutley, Lindsay B., Laubach, Johannes, Van Niel, Tom, Arndt, Stefan K., Bennett, Alison C., Cernusak, Lucas A., Eamus, Derek, Ewenz, Cacilia M., Goodrich, Jordan P., Jiang, Mingkai, Hinko-Najera, Nina, Isaac, Peter, Hobeichi, Sanaa, Knauer, Jürgen, Koerber, Georgia R., Liddell, Michael, Ma, Xuanlong, Macfarlane, Craig, McHugh, Ian D., Medlyn, Belinda E., Meyer, Wayne S., Norton, Alexander J., Owens, Jyoteshna, Pitman, Andy, Pendall, Elise, Prober, Suzanne M., Ray, Ram L., Restrepo-Coupe, Natalia, Rifai, Sami W., Rowlings, David, Schipper, Louis, Silberstein, Richard P., Teckentrup, Lina, Thompson, Sally E., Ukkola, Anna M., Wall, Aaron, Wang, Ying-Ping, Wardlaw, Tim J., and Woodgate, William

Abstract

In 2020, the Australian and New Zealand flux research and monitoring network, OzFlux, celebrated its 20th anniversary by reflecting on the lessons learned through two decades of ecosystem studies on global change biology. OzFlux is a network not only for ecosystem researchers, but also for those ‘next users’ of the knowledge, information and data that such networks provide. Here, we focus on eight lessons across topics of climate change and variability, disturbance and resilience, drought and heat stress and synergies with remote sensing and modelling. In distilling the key lessons learned, we also identify where further research is needed to fill knowledge gaps and improve the utility and relevance of the outputs from OzFlux. Extreme climate variability across Australia and New Zealand (droughts and flooding rains) provides a natural laboratory for a global understanding of ecosystems in this time of accelerating climate change. As evidence of worsening global fire risk emerges, the natural ability of these ecosystems to recover from disturbances, such as fire and cyclones, provides lessons on adaptation and resilience to disturbance. Drought and heatwaves are common occurrences across large parts of the region and can tip an ecosystem's carbon budget from a net CO2 sink to a net CO2 source. Despite such responses to stress, ecosystems at OzFlux sites show their resilience to climate variability by rapidly pivoting back to a strong carbon sink upon the return of favourable conditions. Located in under-represented areas, OzFlux data have the potential for reducing uncertainties in global remote sensing products, and these data provide several opportunities to develop new theories and improve our ecosystem models. The accumulated impacts of these lessons over the last 20 years highlights the value of long-term flux observations for natural and managed systems. A future vision for OzFlux includes ongoing and newly developed synergies with ecophysiologists, ecologists

Published
2022

19. Termite sensitivity to temperature affects global wood decay rates

Author

Ecology and Biodiversity, Sub Ecology and Biodiversity, Zanne, Amy E, Flores-Moreno, Habacuc, Powell, Jeff R, Cornwell, William K, Dalling, James W, Austin, Amy T, Classen, Aimée T, Eggleton, Paul, Okada, Kei-Ichi, Parr, Catherine L, Adair, E Carol, Adu-Bredu, Stephen, Alam, Md Azharul, Alvarez-Garzón, Carolina, Apgaua, Deborah, Aragón, Roxana, Ardon, Marcelo, Arndt, Stefan K, Ashton, Louise A, Barber, Nicholas A, Beauchêne, Jacques, Berg, Matty P, Beringer, Jason, Boer, Matthias M, Bonet, José Antonio, Bunney, Katherine, Burkhardt, Tynan J, Carvalho, Dulcinéia, Castillo-Figueroa, Dennis, Cernusak, Lucas A, Cheesman, Alexander W, Cirne-Silva, Tainá M, Cleverly, Jamie R, Cornelissen, Johannes H C, Curran, Timothy J, D'Angioli, André M, Dallstream, Caroline, Eisenhauer, Nico, Evouna Ondo, Fidele, Fajardo, Alex, Fernandez, Romina D, Ferrer, Astrid, Fontes, Marco A L, Galatowitsch, Mark L, González, Grizelle, Gottschall, Felix, Grace, Peter R, Granda, Elena, Griffiths, Hannah M, Guerra Lara, Mariana, Hasegawa, Motohiro, Hefting, Mariet M, Hinko-Najera, Nina, Hutley, Lindsay B, Jones, Jennifer, Kahl, Anja, Karan, Mirko, Keuskamp, Joost A, Lardner, Tim, Liddell, Michael, Macfarlane, Craig, Macinnis-Ng, Cate, Mariano, Ravi F, Méndez, M Soledad, Meyer, Wayne S, Mori, Akira S, Moura, Aloysio S, Northwood, Matthew, Ogaya, Romà, Oliveira, Rafael S, Orgiazzi, Alberto, Pardo, Juliana, Peguero, Guille, Penuelas, Josep, Perez, Luis I, Posada, Juan M, Prada, Cecilia M, Přívětivý, Tomáš, Prober, Suzanne M, Prunier, Jonathan, Quansah, Gabriel W, Resco de Dios, Víctor, Richter, Ronny, Robertson, Mark P, Rocha, Lucas F, Rúa, Megan A, Sarmiento, Carolina, Silberstein, Richard P, Silva, Mateus C, Siqueira, Flávia Freire, Stillwagon, Matthew Glenn, Stol, Jacqui, Taylor, Melanie K, Teste, François P, Tng, David Y P, Tucker, David, Türke, Manfred, Ulyshen, Michael D, Valverde-Barrantes, Oscar J, van den Berg, Eduardo, van Logtestijn, Richard S P, Veen, G F Ciska, Vogel, Jason G, Wardlaw, Timothy J, Wiehl, Georg, Wirth, Christian, Woods, Michaela J, Zalamea, Paul-Camilo, Ecology and Biodiversity, Sub Ecology and Biodiversity, Zanne, Amy E, Flores-Moreno, Habacuc, Powell, Jeff R, Cornwell, William K, Dalling, James W, Austin, Amy T, Classen, Aimée T, Eggleton, Paul, Okada, Kei-Ichi, Parr, Catherine L, Adair, E Carol, Adu-Bredu, Stephen, Alam, Md Azharul, Alvarez-Garzón, Carolina, Apgaua, Deborah, Aragón, Roxana, Ardon, Marcelo, Arndt, Stefan K, Ashton, Louise A, Barber, Nicholas A, Beauchêne, Jacques, Berg, Matty P, Beringer, Jason, Boer, Matthias M, Bonet, José Antonio, Bunney, Katherine, Burkhardt, Tynan J, Carvalho, Dulcinéia, Castillo-Figueroa, Dennis, Cernusak, Lucas A, Cheesman, Alexander W, Cirne-Silva, Tainá M, Cleverly, Jamie R, Cornelissen, Johannes H C, Curran, Timothy J, D'Angioli, André M, Dallstream, Caroline, Eisenhauer, Nico, Evouna Ondo, Fidele, Fajardo, Alex, Fernandez, Romina D, Ferrer, Astrid, Fontes, Marco A L, Galatowitsch, Mark L, González, Grizelle, Gottschall, Felix, Grace, Peter R, Granda, Elena, Griffiths, Hannah M, Guerra Lara, Mariana, Hasegawa, Motohiro, Hefting, Mariet M, Hinko-Najera, Nina, Hutley, Lindsay B, Jones, Jennifer, Kahl, Anja, Karan, Mirko, Keuskamp, Joost A, Lardner, Tim, Liddell, Michael, Macfarlane, Craig, Macinnis-Ng, Cate, Mariano, Ravi F, Méndez, M Soledad, Meyer, Wayne S, Mori, Akira S, Moura, Aloysio S, Northwood, Matthew, Ogaya, Romà, Oliveira, Rafael S, Orgiazzi, Alberto, Pardo, Juliana, Peguero, Guille, Penuelas, Josep, Perez, Luis I, Posada, Juan M, Prada, Cecilia M, Přívětivý, Tomáš, Prober, Suzanne M, Prunier, Jonathan, Quansah, Gabriel W, Resco de Dios, Víctor, Richter, Ronny, Robertson, Mark P, Rocha, Lucas F, Rúa, Megan A, Sarmiento, Carolina, Silberstein, Richard P, Silva, Mateus C, Siqueira, Flávia Freire, Stillwagon, Matthew Glenn, Stol, Jacqui, Taylor, Melanie K, Teste, François P, Tng, David Y P, Tucker, David, Türke, Manfred, Ulyshen, Michael D, Valverde-Barrantes, Oscar J, van den Berg, Eduardo, van Logtestijn, Richard S P, Veen, G F Ciska, Vogel, Jason G, Wardlaw, Timothy J, Wiehl, Georg, Wirth, Christian, Woods, Michaela J, and Zalamea, Paul-Camilo

Published
2022

20. Tallo database

Author

Jucker, Tommaso, Fischer, Fabian Jörg, Chave, Jérôme, Coomes, David A., Caspersen, John, Ali, Arshad, Loubota Panzou, Grace Jopaul, Feldpausch, Ted R., Falster, Daniel, Usoltsev, Vladimir A., Adu-Bredu, Stephen, Alves, Luciana F., Aminpour, Mohammad, Angoboy, Ilondea B., Anten, Niels P.R., Antin, Cécile, Askari, Yousef, Muñoz, Rodrigo, Ayyappan, Narayanan, Balvanera, Patricia, Banin, Lindsay, Barbier, Nicolas, Battles, John J., Beeckman, Hans, Bocko, Yannick E., Bond-Lamberty, Ben, Bongers, Frans, Bowers, Samuel, Brade, Thomas, van Breugel, Michiel, Chantrain, Arthur, Chaudhary, Rajeev, Dai, Jingyu, Dalponte, Michele, Dimobe, Kangbéni, Domec, Jean Christophe, Doucet, Jean Louis, Duursma, Remko A., Enríquez, Moisés, van Ewijk, Karin Y., Farfán-Rios, William, Fayolle, Adeline, Forni, Eric, Forrester, David I., Gilani, Hammad, Godlee, John L., Gourlet-Fleury, Sylvie, Haeni, Matthias, Hall, Jefferson S., He, Jie Kun, Hemp, Andreas, Hernández-Stefanoni, José L., Higgins, Steven I., Holdaway, Robert J., Hussain, Kiramat, Hutley, Lindsay B., Ichie, Tomoaki, Iida, Yoshiko, Jiang, Hai Sheng, Joshi, Puspa Raj, Kaboli, Hasan, Larsary, Maryam Kazempour, Kenzo, Tanaka, Kloeppel, Brian D., Kohyama, Takashi, Kunwar, Suwash, Kuyah, Shem, Kvasnica, Jakub, Lin, Siliang, Lines, Emily R., Liu, Hongyan, Lorimer, Craig, Loumeto, Jean Joël, Malhi, Yadvinder, Marshall, Peter L., Mattsson, Eskil, Matula, Radim, Meave, Jorge A., Mensah, Sylvanus, Mi, Xiangcheng, Momo, Stéphane, Moncrieff, Glenn R., Mora, Francisco, Nissanka, Sarath P., O'Hara, Kevin L., Pearce, Steven, Pelissier, Raphaël, Peri, Pablo L., Ploton, Pierre, Poorter, Lourens, Pour, Mohsen Javanmiri, Pourbabaei, Hassan, Dupuy-Rada, Juan Manuel, Ribeiro, Sabina C., Ryan, Casey, Sanaei, Anvar, Sanger, Jennifer, Schlund, Michael, Sellan, Giacomo, Shenkin, Alexander, Sonké, Bonaventure, Sterck, Frank J., Svátek, Martin, Takagi, Kentaro, Trugman, Anna T., Ullah, Farman, Vadeboncoeur, Matthew A., Valipour, Ahmad, Vanderwel, Mark C., Vovides, Alejandra G., Wang, Weiwei, Wang, Li Qiu, Wirth, Christian, Woods, Murray, Xiang, Wenhua, de Aquino Ximenes, Fabiano, Xu, Yaozhan, Yamada, Toshihiro, Zavala, Miguel A., Jucker, Tommaso, Fischer, Fabian Jörg, Chave, Jérôme, Coomes, David A., Caspersen, John, Ali, Arshad, Loubota Panzou, Grace Jopaul, Feldpausch, Ted R., Falster, Daniel, Usoltsev, Vladimir A., Adu-Bredu, Stephen, Alves, Luciana F., Aminpour, Mohammad, Angoboy, Ilondea B., Anten, Niels P.R., Antin, Cécile, Askari, Yousef, Muñoz, Rodrigo, Ayyappan, Narayanan, Balvanera, Patricia, Banin, Lindsay, Barbier, Nicolas, Battles, John J., Beeckman, Hans, Bocko, Yannick E., Bond-Lamberty, Ben, Bongers, Frans, Bowers, Samuel, Brade, Thomas, van Breugel, Michiel, Chantrain, Arthur, Chaudhary, Rajeev, Dai, Jingyu, Dalponte, Michele, Dimobe, Kangbéni, Domec, Jean Christophe, Doucet, Jean Louis, Duursma, Remko A., Enríquez, Moisés, van Ewijk, Karin Y., Farfán-Rios, William, Fayolle, Adeline, Forni, Eric, Forrester, David I., Gilani, Hammad, Godlee, John L., Gourlet-Fleury, Sylvie, Haeni, Matthias, Hall, Jefferson S., He, Jie Kun, Hemp, Andreas, Hernández-Stefanoni, José L., Higgins, Steven I., Holdaway, Robert J., Hussain, Kiramat, Hutley, Lindsay B., Ichie, Tomoaki, Iida, Yoshiko, Jiang, Hai Sheng, Joshi, Puspa Raj, Kaboli, Hasan, Larsary, Maryam Kazempour, Kenzo, Tanaka, Kloeppel, Brian D., Kohyama, Takashi, Kunwar, Suwash, Kuyah, Shem, Kvasnica, Jakub, Lin, Siliang, Lines, Emily R., Liu, Hongyan, Lorimer, Craig, Loumeto, Jean Joël, Malhi, Yadvinder, Marshall, Peter L., Mattsson, Eskil, Matula, Radim, Meave, Jorge A., Mensah, Sylvanus, Mi, Xiangcheng, Momo, Stéphane, Moncrieff, Glenn R., Mora, Francisco, Nissanka, Sarath P., O'Hara, Kevin L., Pearce, Steven, Pelissier, Raphaël, Peri, Pablo L., Ploton, Pierre, Poorter, Lourens, Pour, Mohsen Javanmiri, Pourbabaei, Hassan, Dupuy-Rada, Juan Manuel, Ribeiro, Sabina C., Ryan, Casey, Sanaei, Anvar, Sanger, Jennifer, Schlund, Michael, Sellan, Giacomo, Shenkin, Alexander, Sonké, Bonaventure, Sterck, Frank J., Svátek, Martin, Takagi, Kentaro, Trugman, Anna T., Ullah, Farman, Vadeboncoeur, Matthew A., Valipour, Ahmad, Vanderwel, Mark C., Vovides, Alejandra G., Wang, Weiwei, Wang, Li Qiu, Wirth, Christian, Woods, Murray, Xiang, Wenhua, de Aquino Ximenes, Fabiano, Xu, Yaozhan, Yamada, Toshihiro, and Zavala, Miguel A.

Abstract

The Tallo database (v1.0.0) is a collection of 498,838 georeferenced and taxonomically standardized records of individual trees for which stem diameter, height and/or crown radius have been measured. Data were compiled from 61,856 globally distributed sites and include measurements for 5,163 tree species., The Tallo database (v1.0.0) is a collection of 498,838 georeferenced and taxonomically standardized records of individual trees for which stem diameter, height and/or crown radius have been measured. Data were compiled from 61,856 globally distributed sites and include measurements for 5,163 tree species. For a full description of the database, see: Jucker et al. (2022) Tallo – a global tree allometry and crown architecture database. Global Change Biology, https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.16302. If using the Tallo database in your work please cite the original publication listed above, as well as this repository using the corresponding DOI (10.5281/zenodo.6637599).

Published
2022

21. Termite sensitivity to temperature affects global wood decay rates

Author

Zanne, Amy E., Flores-Moreno, Habacuc, Powell, Jeff R., Cornwell, William K., Dalling, James W., Austin, Amy T., Classen, Aimée T., Eggleton, Paul, Okada, Kei Ichi, Parr, Catherine L., Carol Adair, E., Adu-Bredu, Stephen, Alam, Md Azharul, Alvarez-Garzón, Carolina, Apgaua, Deborah, Aragón, Roxana, Ardon, Marcelo, Arndt, Stefan K., Ashton, Louise A., Barber, Nicholas A., Beauchêne, Jacques, Berg, Matty P., Beringer, Jason, Boer, Matthias M., Bonet, José Antonio, Bunney, Katherine, Burkhardt, Tynan J., Carvalho, Dulcinéia, Castillo-Figueroa, Dennis, Cernusak, Lucas A., Cheesman, Alexander W., Cirne-Silva, Tainá M., Cleverly, Jamie R., Cornelissen, Johannes H.C., Curran, Timothy J., D’Angioli, André M., Dallstream, Caroline, Eisenhauer, Nico, Ondo, Fidele Evouna, Fajardo, Alex, Fernandez, Romina D., Ferrer, Astrid, Fontes, Marco A.L., Galatowitsch, Mark L., González, Grizelle, Gottschall, Felix, Grace, Peter R., Granda, Elena, Griffiths, Hannah M., Lara, Mariana Guerra, Hasegawa, Motohiro, Hefting, Mariet M., Hinko-Najera, Nina, Hutley, Lindsay B., Jones, Jennifer, Kahl, Anja, Karan, Mirko, Keuskamp, Joost A., Lardner, Tim, Liddell, Michael, Macfarlane, Craig, Macinnis-Ng, Cate, Mariano, Ravi F., Soledad Méndez, M., Meyer, Wayne S., Mori, Akira S., Moura, Aloysio S., Northwood, Matthew, Ogaya, Romà, Oliveira, Rafael S., Orgiazzi, Alberto, Pardo, Juliana, Peguero, Guille, Penuelas, Josep, Perez, Luis I., Posada, Juan M., Prada, Cecilia M., Přívětivý, Tomáš, Prober, Suzanne M., Prunier, Jonathan, Quansah, Gabriel W., de Dios, Víctor Resco, Richter, Ronny, Robertson, Mark P., Rocha, Lucas F., Rúa, Megan A., Sarmiento, Carolina, Silberstein, Richard P., Silva, Mateus C., Siqueira, Flávia Freire, Stillwagon, Matthew Glenn, Stol, Jacqui, Taylor, Melanie K., Teste, François P., Tng, David Y.P., Tucker, David, Türke, Manfred, Ulyshen, Michael D., Valverde-Barrantes, Oscar J., van den Berg, Eduardo, van Logtestijn, Richard S.P., Ciska Veen, G. F., Vogel, Jason G., Wardlaw, Timothy J., Wiehl, Georg, Wirth, Christian, Woods, Michaela J., Zalamea, Paul Camilo, Zanne, Amy E., Flores-Moreno, Habacuc, Powell, Jeff R., Cornwell, William K., Dalling, James W., Austin, Amy T., Classen, Aimée T., Eggleton, Paul, Okada, Kei Ichi, Parr, Catherine L., Carol Adair, E., Adu-Bredu, Stephen, Alam, Md Azharul, Alvarez-Garzón, Carolina, Apgaua, Deborah, Aragón, Roxana, Ardon, Marcelo, Arndt, Stefan K., Ashton, Louise A., Barber, Nicholas A., Beauchêne, Jacques, Berg, Matty P., Beringer, Jason, Boer, Matthias M., Bonet, José Antonio, Bunney, Katherine, Burkhardt, Tynan J., Carvalho, Dulcinéia, Castillo-Figueroa, Dennis, Cernusak, Lucas A., Cheesman, Alexander W., Cirne-Silva, Tainá M., Cleverly, Jamie R., Cornelissen, Johannes H.C., Curran, Timothy J., D’Angioli, André M., Dallstream, Caroline, Eisenhauer, Nico, Ondo, Fidele Evouna, Fajardo, Alex, Fernandez, Romina D., Ferrer, Astrid, Fontes, Marco A.L., Galatowitsch, Mark L., González, Grizelle, Gottschall, Felix, Grace, Peter R., Granda, Elena, Griffiths, Hannah M., Lara, Mariana Guerra, Hasegawa, Motohiro, Hefting, Mariet M., Hinko-Najera, Nina, Hutley, Lindsay B., Jones, Jennifer, Kahl, Anja, Karan, Mirko, Keuskamp, Joost A., Lardner, Tim, Liddell, Michael, Macfarlane, Craig, Macinnis-Ng, Cate, Mariano, Ravi F., Soledad Méndez, M., Meyer, Wayne S., Mori, Akira S., Moura, Aloysio S., Northwood, Matthew, Ogaya, Romà, Oliveira, Rafael S., Orgiazzi, Alberto, Pardo, Juliana, Peguero, Guille, Penuelas, Josep, Perez, Luis I., Posada, Juan M., Prada, Cecilia M., Přívětivý, Tomáš, Prober, Suzanne M., Prunier, Jonathan, Quansah, Gabriel W., de Dios, Víctor Resco, Richter, Ronny, Robertson, Mark P., Rocha, Lucas F., Rúa, Megan A., Sarmiento, Carolina, Silberstein, Richard P., Silva, Mateus C., Siqueira, Flávia Freire, Stillwagon, Matthew Glenn, Stol, Jacqui, Taylor, Melanie K., Teste, François P., Tng, David Y.P., Tucker, David, Türke, Manfred, Ulyshen, Michael D., Valverde-Barrantes, Oscar J., van den Berg, Eduardo, van Logtestijn, Richard S.P., Ciska Veen, G. F., Vogel, Jason G., Wardlaw, Timothy J., Wiehl, Georg, Wirth, Christian, Woods, Michaela J., and Zalamea, Paul Camilo

Abstract

Deadwood is a large global carbon store with its store size partially determined by biotic decay. Microbial wood decay rates are known to respond to changing temperature and precipitation. Termites are also important decomposers in the tropics but are less well studied. An understanding of their climate sensitivities is needed to estimate climate change effects on wood carbon pools. Using data from 133 sites spanning six continents, we found that termite wood discovery and consumption were highly sensitive to temperature (with decay increasing >6.8 times per 10°C increase in temperature)—even more so than microbes. Termite decay effects were greatest in tropical seasonal forests, tropical savannas, and subtropical deserts. With tropicalization (i.e., warming shifts to tropical climates), termite wood decay will likely increase as termites access more of Earth’s surface.

Published
2022
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23. Bridge to the future: Important lessons from 20 years of ecosystem observations made by the OzFlux network

Author

Beringer, Jason, primary, Moore, Caitlin E., additional, Cleverly, Jamie, additional, Campbell, David I., additional, Cleugh, Helen, additional, De Kauwe, Martin G., additional, Kirschbaum, Miko U. F., additional, Griebel, Anne, additional, Grover, Sam, additional, Huete, Alfredo, additional, Hutley, Lindsay B., additional, Laubach, Johannes, additional, Van Niel, Tom, additional, Arndt, Stefan K., additional, Bennett, Alison C., additional, Cernusak, Lucas A., additional, Eamus, Derek, additional, Ewenz, Cacilia M., additional, Goodrich, Jordan P., additional, Jiang, Mingkai, additional, Hinko‐Najera, Nina, additional, Isaac, Peter, additional, Hobeichi, Sanaa, additional, Knauer, Jürgen, additional, Koerber, Georgia R., additional, Liddell, Michael, additional, Ma, Xuanlong, additional, Macfarlane, Craig, additional, McHugh, Ian D., additional, Medlyn, Belinda E., additional, Meyer, Wayne S., additional, Norton, Alexander J., additional, Owens, Jyoteshna, additional, Pitman, Andy, additional, Pendall, Elise, additional, Prober, Suzanne M., additional, Ray, Ram L., additional, Restrepo‐Coupe, Natalia, additional, Rifai, Sami W., additional, Rowlings, David, additional, Schipper, Louis, additional, Silberstein, Richard P., additional, Teckentrup, Lina, additional, Thompson, Sally E., additional, Ukkola, Anna M., additional, Wall, Aaron, additional, Wang, Ying‐Ping, additional, Wardlaw, Tim J., additional, and Woodgate, William, additional

Published
2022
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27. Stream respiration exceeds CO2evasion in a low‐energy, oligotrophic tropical stream

Author

Solano, Vanessa, Duvert, Clément, Birkel, Christian, Maher, Damien T., García, Erica A., and Hutley, Lindsay B.

Abstract

Carbon dioxide (CO2) can be either imported to streams through groundwater and subsurface inputs of soil‐respired CO2or produced internally through stream metabolism. The contribution of each source to the CO2evasion flux from streams is not well quantified, especially in the tropics, an underrepresented region in carbon (C) cycling studies. We used high‐frequency measurements of dissolved O2and CO2concentrations to estimate the potential contribution of stream metabolism to the CO2evasion flux in a tropical lowland headwater stream. We found that the stream was heterotrophic all year round, with net ecosystem productivity (NEP) values ranging from 0.84 to 4.06 g C m−2d−1(median 1.29 g C m−2d−1; here we expressed gross primary productivity (GPP) as a negative flux and ecosystem respiration (ER) as a positive flux). Positive NEP values were the result of a relatively low and stable GPP through the seasons, compared to a higher and more variable ER favored by the high temperatures and organic matter availability, particularly during the wet season. The CO2evasion flux was relatively low due to low turbulence (median: 1.09 g C m−2d−1). As a result, daily NEP rates exceeded the CO2evasion flux with a potential contribution of 129% (median; 120–175% interquartile range), despite the strong seasonal changes in flow regime and landscape connectivity. The CO2excess was likely transported downstream, where it was ultimately emitted to the atmosphere. Our results highlight the overwhelming importance of ER to the C cycle of low‐energy, oligotrophic tropical streams.

Published
2023
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29. Deuterium depletion in xylem water and soil isotopic effects complicate the assessment of riparian tree water sources in the seasonal tropics

Author

Duvert, Clément, primary, Canham, Caroline A., additional, Barbeta, Adrià, additional, Alvarez Cortes, Diego, additional, Chandler, Lisa, additional, Harford, Andrew J., additional, Leggett, Amie, additional, Setterfield, Samantha A., additional, Humphrey, Chris L., additional, and Hutley, Lindsay B., additional

Published
2021
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30. Deuterium depletion in xylem water and soil isotopic effects complicate the assessment of riparian tree water sources in the seasonal tropics.

Author

Duvert, Clément, Canham, Caroline A., Barbeta, Adrià, Alvarez Cortes, Diego, Chandler, Lisa, Harford, Andrew J., Leggett, Amie, Setterfield, Samantha A., Humphrey, Chris L., and Hutley, Lindsay B.

Subjects
SOIL moisture, DEUTERIUM, RIPARIAN areas, SOIL matric potential, XYLEM, SOIL particles, STABLE isotopes
Abstract

Riparian trees located in seasonally dry environments may be reliant on groundwater supplies, but the prevalence and magnitude of groundwater uptake is often unclear. Using soil water matric potential and water stable isotopes, we examined the relative contributions of soil water and groundwater to the dry season water uptake of five riparian tree species along an intermittent river of tropical northern Australia. Because xylem water was depleted in deuterium relative to source water (average offset −14.0‰), we numerically removed this offset and assessed the effect of the correction on mixing model results. We also estimated the isotopic composition of unbound soil water (i.e., the portion of soil water not tightly bound to soil particles) from bulk soil water data by using an empirical formulation from the literature and tested whether considering unbound soil water as a source would affect our results. Despite the hot and dry surface environment, we found that soil moisture was available for trees at relatively shallow (~0.7–1.5 m) depths. When unbound soil water and corrected xylem water data were considered, most tree species used a combination of this soil moisture source and groundwater from the capillary fringe. However, not correcting for isotopic effects resulted in large underestimations of the groundwater contributions to tree water uptake. Our findings suggest that ignoring soil isotopic effects and deuterium depletion in xylem water may reduce the validity of source water partitioning assessments. Further research is needed on the likely causes for deuterium depletion in xylem water. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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31. Gross primary productivity and water use efficiency are increasing in a high rainfall tropical savanna.

Author

Hutley, Lindsay B., Beringer, Jason, Fatichi, Simone, Schymanski, Stanislaus J., and Northwood, Matthew

Subjects
*WATER efficiency, *CARBON cycle, *SAVANNAS, *SOIL moisture, *EFFECT of human beings on climate change, *RANDOM forest algorithms
Abstract

Despite their size and contribution to the global carbon cycle, we have limited understanding of tropical savannas and their current trajectory with climate change and anthropogenic pressures. Here we examined interannual variability and externally forced long‐term changes in carbon and water exchange from a high rainfall savanna site in the seasonal tropics of north Australia. We used an 18‐year flux data time series (2001–2019) to detect trends and drivers of fluxes of carbon and water. Significant positive trends in gross primary productivity (GPP, 15.4 g C m2 year−2), ecosystem respiration (Reco, 8.0 g C m2 year−2), net ecosystem productivity (NEE, 7.4 g C m2 year−2) and ecosystem water use efficiency (WUE, 0.0077 g C kg H2O−1 year−1) were computed. There was a weaker, non‐significant trend in latent energy exchange (LE, 0.34 W m−2 year−1). Rainfall from a nearby site increased statistically over a 45‐year period during the observation period. To examine the dominant drivers of changes in GPP and WUE, we used a random forest approach and a terrestrial biosphere model to conduct an attribution experiment. Radiant energy was the dominant driver of wet season fluxes, whereas soil water content dominated dry season fluxes. The model attribution suggested that [CO2], precipitation and Tair accounting for 90% of the modelled trend in GPP and WUE. Positive trends in fluxes were largest in the dry season implying tree components were a larger contributor than the grassy understorey. Fluxes and environmental drivers were not significant during the wet season, the period when grasses are active. The site is potentially still recovering from a cyclone 45 years ago and regrowth from this event may also be contributing to the observed trends in sequestration, highlighting the need to understand fluxes and their drivers from sub‐diurnal to decadal scales. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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32. Termite sensitivity to temperature affects global wood decay rates.

Author

Zanne AE, Flores-Moreno H, Powell JR, Cornwell WK, Dalling JW, Austin AT, Classen AT, Eggleton P, Okada KI, Parr CL, Adair EC, Adu-Bredu S, Alam MA, Alvarez-Garzón C, Apgaua D, Aragón R, Ardon M, Arndt SK, Ashton LA, Barber NA, Beauchêne J, Berg MP, Beringer J, Boer MM, Bonet JA, Bunney K, Burkhardt TJ, Carvalho D, Castillo-Figueroa D, Cernusak LA, Cheesman AW, Cirne-Silva TM, Cleverly JR, Cornelissen JHC, Curran TJ, D'Angioli AM, Dallstream C, Eisenhauer N, Evouna Ondo F, Fajardo A, Fernandez RD, Ferrer A, Fontes MAL, Galatowitsch ML, González G, Gottschall F, Grace PR, Granda E, Griffiths HM, Guerra Lara M, Hasegawa M, Hefting MM, Hinko-Najera N, Hutley LB, Jones J, Kahl A, Karan M, Keuskamp JA, Lardner T, Liddell M, Macfarlane C, Macinnis-Ng C, Mariano RF, Méndez MS, Meyer WS, Mori AS, Moura AS, Northwood M, Ogaya R, Oliveira RS, Orgiazzi A, Pardo J, Peguero G, Penuelas J, Perez LI, Posada JM, Prada CM, Přívětivý T, Prober SM, Prunier J, Quansah GW, Resco de Dios V, Richter R, Robertson MP, Rocha LF, Rúa MA, Sarmiento C, Silberstein RP, Silva MC, Siqueira FF, Stillwagon MG, Stol J, Taylor MK, Teste FP, Tng DYP, Tucker D, Türke M, Ulyshen MD, Valverde-Barrantes OJ, van den Berg E, van Logtestijn RSP, Veen GFC, Vogel JG, Wardlaw TJ, Wiehl G, Wirth C, Woods MJ, and Zalamea PC

Subjects
Animals, Carbon Cycle, Temperature, Tropical Climate, Forests, Global Warming, Isoptera, Wood microbiology
Abstract

Deadwood is a large global carbon store with its store size partially determined by biotic decay. Microbial wood decay rates are known to respond to changing temperature and precipitation. Termites are also important decomposers in the tropics but are less well studied. An understanding of their climate sensitivities is needed to estimate climate change effects on wood carbon pools. Using data from 133 sites spanning six continents, we found that termite wood discovery and consumption were highly sensitive to temperature (with decay increasing >6.8 times per 10°C increase in temperature)-even more so than microbes. Termite decay effects were greatest in tropical seasonal forests, tropical savannas, and subtropical deserts. With tropicalization (i.e., warming shifts to tropical climates), termite wood decay will likely increase as termites access more of Earth's surface.

Published
2022
Full Text
View/download PDF

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