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In the European Union, salmonellosis is one of the most important zoonoses reported. Poultry meat and egg products are the most common food matrices associated with Salmonella presence. Moreover, wild and domestic animals could represent an important reservoir that could favour the direct and indirect transmission of pathogens to humans. Salmonella spp. can infect carnivorous or omnivorous wild birds that regularly ingest food and water exposed to faecal contamination. Birds kept in captivity can act as reservoirs of Salmonella spp. following ingestion of infected prey or feed. In this paper, we describe the isolation of different Salmonella serovars in several species of raptors hosted in aviaries in an Italian wildlife centre and in the raw chicken necks used as their feed but intended for human consumption. Characterisations of strains were carried out by integrating classical methods and whole genome sequencing analysis. The strains of S. bredeney isolated in poultry meat and birds belonged to the same cluster, with some of them being multidrug-resistant (MDR) and carrying the Col(pHAD28) plasmid-borne qnrB19 (fluoro)quinolone resistance gene, thus confirming the source of infection. Differently, the S. infantis found in feed and raptors were all MDR, carried a plasmid of emerging S. infantis (pESI)-like plasmid and belonged to different clusters, possibly suggesting a long-lasting infection or the presence of additional undetected sources. Due to the high risk of fuelling a reservoir of human pathogens, the control and treatment of feed for captive species are crucial.

The investigated topic is highly relevant as it addresses the challenges of sustainable mobility, the provision, and management of local services. This contribution outlines principles and outcomes of the implementable urban installation project currently being tested in Ferrara, aimed at enhancing the charging infrastructure for small electric vehicles and monitoring air quality. These pilot urban installations, referred to as Smart Hubs, incorporate multi-level modularity, facilitating their production, installation, and maintenance. What is highlighted as the most original aspect is the creation of a multifunctional system capable of ‘organising’ urban objects that increasingly accumulate with heterogeneity in public spaces, making them customisable, open to community input, and responsive to local needs expressed during a co-creation process. Article info Received: 10/09/2023; Revised: 04/10/2023; Accepted: 19/10/2023